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The University of St Andrews, Scotland's oldest university, opened in the early fifteenth century.

There are fifteen higher education institutions in Scotland which have university status as well a further four autonomous higher education institutions which do not have university status.[1]

University status in the United Kingdom is conferred by the Privy Council which takes advice from the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education.[2][3] In Scotland, the minister with higher education responsibilities is the Cabinet Secretary for Education and Lifelong Learning of the Scottish Government;[4] as of October 2011, this is Scottish National Party's Michael Russell.[5] Scottish universities are funded by the Scottish Government's Scottish Funding Council, a non-departmental public body,[4] while support funding for students is provided by the Student Awards Agency for Scotland. In 2008, over 240,000 students were enrolled at Scottish universities.[6] Universities Scotland is the representative body which works to promote Scotland's universities, as well as six other higher education institutions.[7]

The oldest university in Scotland is the University of St Andrews, established in 1413, with the universities of Glasgow and Aberdeen also dating back to the 15th century. These "ancient universities" were established by Papal bulls, but in the 16th century the royal charter became the standard method of foundation. The first of these established the University of Edinburgh, which became Scotland's fourth university while England had only two. The number of universities doubled during the 1960s, with three existing colleges gaining university status; the University of Stirling was established as Scotland's only plate glass university. Several former polytechnics or central institutions followed after the Further and Higher Education Act was put in place. The newest is the University of the Highlands and Islands, which attained university status in 2011. Besides the campus-based universities, the distance-learning Open University plays a role in the Scottish university sector, teaching 40% of Scotland's part-time undergraduates.[8]

Universities

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University Location Established Notes
University of Aberdeen Aberdeen 1495 Established as King's College, merged with Marischal College in 1860
University of Abertay Dundee Dundee 1994 First established 1888 as Dundee College of Technology
University of Dundee Dundee 1967 Established in 1881 as a college of the University of St Andrews; became Queen's College, before being granted the Royal charter by Elizabeth II
University of Edinburgh Edinburgh 1582 Granted royal charter by James VI
Edinburgh Napier University Edinburgh 1992 First established 1964 as Napier Technical College
Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow 1993 First established 1875 as the Glasgow School of Cookery
University of Glasgow Glasgow 1451[9] Status conferred on 7 January by a Papal bull of Nicholas V[10]
Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow 1993 First established 1875 as the Glasgow School of Cookery
Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh 1966 Established in 1821 as the School of Arts of Edinburgh
University of the Highlands and Islands Highlands and Islands 2011[11] A federation of colleges, first established in 2001 as the UHI Millennium Institute,[12] and awarded full university status in February 2011.
Queen Margaret University Musselburgh 2007 First established 1875 as The Edinburgh School of Cookery and Domestic Economy
Robert Gordon University Aberdeen 1992 First established 1750 as Robert Gordon's Hospital
University of St Andrews St Andrews 1413[13] Status conferred on 28 August by a Papal bull of Benedict XIII[13]
University of Stirling Stirling 1967
University of Strathclyde Glasgow 1964 Established in 1796 as an offshoot of the University of Glasgow
University of the West of Scotland Paisley 1992 First established 1836 as a School of Arts, known as the University of Paisley until 2007

Other higher education institutions

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In addition to the universities, the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland was granted degree-awarding powers in May 1994.[14]

There are a further three autonomous higher education institutions in Scotland, each of which have their degrees validated and awarded by another institution. The Glasgow School of Art has its degrees awarded by the University of Glasgow.[15] Edinburgh College of Art has its degrees awarded by the University of Edinburgh, and the two institutions are currently exploring a merger.[16] The Scottish Agricultural College has its degrees are awarded by either the University of Glasgow, the University of Edinburgh, or Robert Gordon University.[17]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Briefing". Universities Scotland. Retrieved 2011-04-01.
  2. ^ "The Privy Council, Standard Note: SN/PC/3708" (PDF). The Privy Council. 5 July 2005. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  3. ^ "A brief guide to QAA's involvement in degree-awarding powers and university title". Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  4. ^ a b "Higher Education". The Scottish Government. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  5. ^ "Michael Russell MSP". Scottish Government. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
  6. ^ "New Horizons: responding to the challenges of the 21st century" (PDF). The Scottish Government. November 2008. p. 6. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  7. ^ "Universities Scotland". Retrieved 2010-09-07.
  8. ^ "The Open University in Scotland". The Open University. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  9. ^ "History". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  10. ^ "On This Day: 7th of January". The University of Glasgow Story. University of Glasgow. Retrieved 2010-04-29. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  11. ^ "Introducing the University of the Highlands and Islands". University of the Highlands and Islands. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
  12. ^ "History of UHI". University of the Highlands and Islands. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
  13. ^ a b "History of the University" (PDF). University of St Andrews. Retrieved 2010-04-29. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  14. ^ "Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama: Enhancement-led institutional review". Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. May 2004. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  15. ^ "Welcome to The Glasgow School of Art". Glasgow School of Art. Retrieved 2010-07-06.
  16. ^ "the college and the university of edinburgh". Edinburgh College of Art. Retrieved 2011-04-01.
  17. ^ "University Level Education at SAC". Scottish Agricultural College. Retrieved 2011-01-04.

Universities in Scotland * Scotland Universities

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