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List of Hindi films of 1928

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A list of films produced by the Bollywood film industry based in Mumbai in 1928:[1][2][3][4]

1928

[edit]

Notable films of Indian cinema in 1928:

  • Devdas, a silent film produced by Eastern Films Syndicate, Calcutta, and directed by Naresh Mitra was the first celluloid version of Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay's famous story. It starred Phani Burma as Devdas.[5] It was later to be remade eight more times in Indian Cinema with the most popular version still cited as P. C. Barua's Devdas in 1935 starring K. L. Saigal.[6]
  • Khoon-e-Nahak was the first Indian screen adaptation of Hamlet. A silent film, it was directed by Athavale based on Mehdi Hasan Ahsan's version of the Hamlet play, written originally for the Parsi theatre.[7]
  • Madhuri directed by Rama Choudhary for the Imperial Film Company, and Anarkali, also called Loves of a Mughal Prince directed by Charu Roy and Prafulla Roy for Great Eastern Corporation, were successful films starring Sulochana (Ruby Myers). Both films were made into Talkie versions later, with Madhuri in 1932 and Anarkali in 1935.[8]
  • Shiraz directed by Franz Osten and produced by Himanshu Rai, was an adaption of the play, Shiraz: A Romance of India written by Niranjan Pal.[9] Starring Rai in the lead role as Shiraz, it has been referred to as "one of the boldest films".[10]
  • Vigathakumaran also called The Lost Child was the first feature length Malayalam film, directed by J. C. Daniel. It was produced by Daniel for his production company Travancore National Pictures.[11]

A-C

[edit]
Title Director Cast Genre Notes
Cinematographer
A Friend In Need a.k.a. Geeta Rahasya K. P. Bhave Ermeline, E. Billimoria, J. P. Gidwani Imperial Film Company
DOP: A. P. Karandikar
Amrit Ki Zaher a.k.a. Wine And Woman Anand Prasad Kapoor Zebunisa, Mani, Balahai, Padval Sharda Film Company.
DOP: Naval Bhat
Anarkali a.k.a. The Loves of a Moghul Prince Charu Roy, Prafulla Roy Seeta Devi, Diwan Sharar, Maya Devi, Shakuntala Tembe, Sawan Singh, Rajkumari, Imtiz Ali Taj Legend Romance Great Eastern Film Corp., Delhi
DOP: Vishnu B. Joshi
Ankh Ka Nasha Patience Cooper, Master Mohan, Sharifa, Mohammed Ishaq, Manilal, Sooraj Ram Social Madan Theatres Ltd. Story by Agha Hashar Kashmiri
Balaji Nimbalkar Dadasaheb Phalke Historical Hindustan Cinema Film Company, Nasik
Bhai Ke Kasai a.k.a. His Father's Honour Ramakant, Gharekhan Shanta Kumari, R. N. Vaidya, Jani Babu Social Shree Jagdish Film Co.
DOP: G. G. Gogate
Bishabriksha a.k.a. The Poison Tree Jyotish Bannerjee Durgadas Bannerjee, Leelavati, Ahindra Chowdhury, Jaynarayan Mukherjee, Manoranjan Bhattacharya, Tarakbala, Kartik Dey Social Madan Theatres Ltd.
DOP: Jatin Das
Bhakta Damaji a.k.a. Devout Damaji Dadasaheb Phalke Bhauro Datar, Gotiram Devotional Hindustan Cinema Film Company, Nasik
Bhasmasur Tarapada Saha Deben Mullick Mythology Prativa Cinema Co., Calcutta
DOP: Tarapada Saha
Bhranti a.k.a. Mistake Jyotish Bannerjee Patience Cooper, Durgadas Bannerjee, Seeta Devi, Satyen, Naresh Mitra, Sailen Chowdhury, Manorama, Tarasundari, Chittaranjan Goswami, Sashimukhi, Danibabu Social Madan Theatres Ltd.
Brother To Brother a.k.a. Tarunina Tarang Prafulla Ghosh Gulab, Durga, Haridas, Takle, Keshavlal Social Krishna Film Company
DOP: Gordhanbhai Patel
Celestial Lotus a.k.a. Pandav Patrani Nagendra Majumdar, M. Bhavani D. Billimoria, Sulochana (Ruby Myers), Jilloobai, Wagle, Putli Fantasy Imperial Film Company
DOP: Adi Irani
Chamakti Chanda M. Udwadia Zubeida, Jagtap Jr., Yvonne Wallace, Costume Jagtap Film Co.
DOP: V. B. Jagtap
Chandrahasa Kanjibhai Rathod Haider Shah, Durga Korgaonkar, P. R. Joshi, Kusum, Sakina, Keshavlal, Athavle, Sultan, Alam, Gangaram, Nizam Devotional Krishna Film Company
DOP: Chaturbhai Patel
Chandravali a.k.a. The Crown of Virtue Fatma Begum Fatma Begum, Shahzadi, Jani Babu, Yakub, Sultana Costume Victoria Fatma Film Co.
DOP: V. V. Date
Chatur Kanta a.k.a. Chatur Kanya R. R. Gharekhan, Ramakant Kumudini, Athavle, Roy Social Excelsior Film Co.
DOP: Ambadas Pawar

D-F

[edit]
Title Director Cast Genre Notes
Cinematographer
Daughters Of Today a.k.a. Prem Pariksha G. K. Mehta Miss Maya, Hiralal, Thomas, Miss Belle Love, Vijay Kumar, E. Ismail Social Lahore-Premier Film Co.
DOP: G. K. Mehta
Destiny Defied a.k.a. Lekh Par Mekh Homi Master Panna, Heera, Noor Mohammed Charlie, Thomas, Gani Babu Social Kohinoor Film Company
DOP: K. G. Gokhale
Detective Kumar K. B. Athavale Rampyari, Athavale, Malini, Salvi Social Excelsior Film Company
DOP: D. D. Dabke
Dev Kanya a.k.a. Daughter of God Kanjibhai Rathod Gulab, Nandram, Lila, P. R. Joshi, Vishnu Devotional Krishna Film Company
DOP: Chaturbhai Patel
Devdas Naresh Mitra Tinkari Chakraborty, Naresh Mitra, Niharbala, Moni Ghosh, Phani Burma, Miss Light, Rama Devi, Kanaknarayan Bhup Social Eastern Film Syndicate, Calcutta
DOP: Nitin Bose
Draupadi Vastra Haran a.k.a. The Royal Gambler Parshwanath Yeshwant Altekar Durgabai Koregaonkar, Gangoobai Mythology United Pictures Syndicate
Dreamland a.k.a. Swarga Vihar Maneklal Patel Gulab, Rampyari, Gangaram, Vishnu Fantasy Krishna Film Company
DOP: Chaturbhai Patel
Emperor Ashok a.k.a. Samrat Ashok Bhagwati Mishra Zubeida, Madanrai Vakil, Udwadia, Putli, Jilloobai, Asooji, Dwarki Historical Royal Art Studio, Lokmanya Film Co.
Enticement a.k.a. Mayana Rang Haribhai Desai, Sundarrao Nadkarni Zebunisa, Gangoobai, Jairam Desai, Master Bachu, Baburo Gade Costume Suvarna Pictures
DOP: Pawar
Ex-Husband a.k.a. Soneri Jaal Gordhandas Patel Gulab, Nandram Costume Gujrat Studios
Fall Of Pavagadh a.k.a. Pavagadh Nu Patan a.k.a. Goddess Mahakali Nagendra Majumdar Navinchandra, Iris Crawford, K. B. Athavale, Zaverbhai Kaiser Historical Producer: I. K. Yagnik
Fatal Garland a.k.a. Haiyan No Haar Bhagwati Mishra Ermeline, Jamshedji Khansaheb, Madanrai Vakil, Putli, Mazhar Khan Social Imperial Film Company
Fatal Kiss a.k.a. Ekaj Chumban K. B. Athavale Yakbal, Athavale Social Excelsior Film Company
DOP: D. D. Dabke
Father O'mine a.k.a. Pita Ke Parmeshwar Rama Chowdhury Elizer, Jamshedji Khansaheb, Putli, Jilloobai, Yusuf Social Imperial Film Companybr>DOP: Rustom Irani
Foolish Husbands a.k.a. Bharmayalo Bharthar Narayan Deware Behram Vasania, Fatma Begum, Faram, Jumna Social Kohinoor Film Company.
DOP: Narayan Deware
Forsaken Love a.k.a. Prem Nirasha Pesi Karani Heera, Jumna, Behram Vasania, R. N. Vaidya Social Kohinoor Film Company
DOP:

G-I

[edit]
Title Director Cast Genre Notes
Cinematographer
Ganimi Kawa a.k.a. Guerrilla Tactics N. D. Sarpotdar Lalita Pawar, Amboo, Durgabai Koregaonkar, Suryakant, Khanderao Kondke Historical Aryan Film Co.
DOP: Bhal G. Pendharkar
Ghor Pratignya a.k.a. Sarojani Homi Master Heera, Panna, Jani Babu, Thomas, Usha Costume Kohinoor Film Company
DOP: K. G. Gokhale
Ghoshayatra G. V. Sane Bhaurao Datar Hindustan Cinema Film Co., Nasik
DOP: Shinde
Golden Gang a.k.a. Soneri Toli K. P. Bhave Zubeida, Udwadia, Jagtap Social Jagtap Film Co.
Grihalaxmi a.k.a. The Daughter-In-Law Chandulal Shah Gohar, Raja Sandow, Vaidya Social Shree Jagdish Film Co.
DOP: G. G. Gogate, Pandurang S. Naik
Gul Badan Harshadrai Mehta Zebunissa, Master Vithal Costume Sharda Movietone
DOP: Naval Bhat
Gul Sanobar Homi Master Hira, Yakbal, Khalil, Gani Babu Fantasy Kohinoor Film Company
DOP: K. G. Gokhale
Gulru Zarina a.k.a. Flower-Like Zarina A. P. Kapoor Janibabu, Lobo Fantasy Sharda Film Company
DOP: Naval Bhat
Harishchandra a.k.a. Raja Harishchandra N. D. Sarpotdar Bhaurao Datar, Lalita Pawar, Durgabai Koregaokar, H. Dhodke, Shantaram Sagun, Dattoba Rajwade, P. N. Varne, Jhadhavrao Mythology Aryan Film Co.
DOP: Y. D. Sarpotdar
Heer Ranjah Fatma Begum Zubeida, Jani Babu, Shahzadi, Fatma Begum Legend Romance Victoria Fatma Film Co.
Hira Sundari A. P. Kapoor Master Vithal, Jani Babu, Nirasha Social Sharda Film Company
DOP: Naval Bhat
Hoor-E-Arab a.k.a. Aladdin And The Magic Lamp Ratansha Sinore Patience Cooper, Bapuji Punegar, Farida Fantasy Imperial Film Company
DOP: Adi Irani
Hoor-E-Baghdad a.k.a. Fairy Of Baghdad a.k.a. Forbidden Love Bhagwati Mishra Ermeline, Mazhar Khan, W. M. Khan Fantasy Saraswati Film Company, Imperial Film Company
DOP: Rustom Irani
Ideal Wife a.k.a. Arya Mahila N. D. Sarpotdar Lalita Pawar, Baburao Athavale, Durgabai Koregaonkar, S. Bhopatkar, P. N. Varne, Jadhavrao Social Aryan Film Co.
DOP: Y. D. Sarpotdar
Indulal Advocate a.k.a. Bodku Mathu Kanjibhai Rathod Jehangir Social Gujarat Studio

J-L

[edit]
Title Director Cast Genre Notes
Cinematographer
Jagadguru Shrimad Shankaracharya a.k.a. World Teacher Shankaracharya P. Y. Altekar Keshav Narayan Kale, Ermeline, Jilloobai, P. Y. Altekar, Baburao Sansare, Putli, Gohar, Nazir, Rustom, Sakhu Devotional Imperial Film Company
DOP: A. P. Karandikar
Jai Bhavani K. P. Bhave Bhonsle, Jagtap, Dabir, Dwarkee Historical Jagtap Pictures
DOP: M. R. Jagtap
Kamla Kumari a.k.a. Sabur Shah Bhagwati Mishra Madanrai Vakil, Ermeline, Gohar, Yakub Legend Imperial Film Company
DOP: Rustom Irani
Kamsena Lilavati Yakbal, K. B. Athavale, Mary Excelsior Film Co.
Khoon-E-Nahak a.k.a. Hamlet K. B. Athavale Rampyari, K. C. Roy, Salvi, Yakbal Tragedy Drama Excelsior Film Co.
DOP: Ambadas Pawar
Kanak Kanta a.k.a. Navlakha Haar A. P. Kapoor Master Vithal, Meherbanu, Prabhashankar, Ata Mohamed, Lobo, Nirasha Social Sharda Film Company
DOP: Chimanlal Luhar
Karna The True Battler a.k.a. Maharathi Karna Baburao Painter Keshavrao Dhaiber, V. Shantaram, Kamla Devi, Balasaheb Yadav, Nimbalkar, Sushilabai, Nandrekar, Maya, Zunzharrao Pawar, Anasuya, Tukaram Mandhere Mythology Maharashtra Film Company
DOP: S. Fatelal
Katil Kathlani a.k.a. La Belle N. Majumdar D. Billimoria, Putli, Jilloobai Social Imperial Film Company
Kelor Kirti Sudhansu Mustafi Bela Rani, Lalu Bose, Niharbala Comedy Aurora Film Co., Calcutta
DOP: Debi Ghosh
Kichak Vadha a.k.a. Sairandhari Baburao Painter Nimbalkar Mythology United Pictures Syndicate
Kunji Kishori Kanjibhai Rathod Rampyari, Haider Shah, Gulab, Durga, Nizam, Haridas Gujarat Studio
DOP: Chaturbhai Patel
Lady Of The Lake a.k.a. Sarovar Ki Sundari Rama Choudhary Ermeline, Jilloobai, Zebunisa, Yakub, Elizer, Madanrai Vakil, Baburao Fantasy Imperial Film Co.
DOP: Boman Irani
Lakho Fullani Legend Royal Arts Studio
Love And Romance a.k.a. Mohabbat Ke Musibat M. M. Vaidya Saurashtra Film Co., Rajkot
Lure Of Lust a.k.a. Moh-Jaal Nirbhoy Thakkar, M. Udwadia Saurashtra Film Co., Rajkot

M-P

[edit]
Title Director Cast Genre Notes
Cinematographer
Madalsa Religious Hindustan Cinema Film Company
Madhuri Rama Choudhary Sulochana, (Ruby Myers), D. Billimoria, Vakil, Jilloobai, Madanrai Vakil Historical Imperial Film Company
DOP: Adi Irani, Irani Ardeshir
Magic Valley a.k.a. Maya Mahal Nanubhai Desai Zebunisa, Janibabu Fantasy Sharda Film Company
DOP: Naval Bhat
Malhari Martand Ganpat Shinde Bhaurao Datar, Kashibai Pathak, Joshi, Shelar Hindustan Cinema Film Co., Nasik
DOP: Telang
Maya Mohini Keshavlal Joshi Gulab, Gangaram, Durga, Nizam Fantasy Gujarat Film Company
DOP: Gordhanbhai Patel
Naag Padmini N. G. Deware Fatma Begum, Raja Sandow, Yakbal, Thomas, Jumna, Nargis Devotional Kohinoor Film Company
DOP: N. G. Deware
Nara Kesari a.k.a. Lion Of Maharashtra K. P. Bhave Udwadia, Nalini, Dwarkee, V. B. Jagtap Historical Jagtap Film Company
DOP: V. B. Jagtap
Neelam Manek a.k.a. The Blue Jewel Kanjibhai Rathod Gulab, Rampyari, Asha, Keshavlal, Durga, Chandra, Gangaram Social Krishna Film Company
DOP: Gordhanbhai Patel
Nishiddha Phal a.k.a. Forbidden Fruit Kali Prasad Ghose Kali Prasad Ghose, Renubala, Bhanu Bannerjee Sr., Nimai, Nivanani Devi, Prafulla, Renubala, Bhanu Bannerjee Sr., Nimai, Nivanani Devi, Prafulla, Atul Gangopadhyay, Narendranath Singa, Sukriti Devi Social Indian Kinema Arts, Calcutta
DOP: Noni Gopal Sanyal
Our Hindustan a.k.a. Our India a.k.a. Amru Hindustan C. H. Shah Shahzadi, Anasuya, Dinshaw Billimoria, Tayeb Elphin Cinema Co.
DOP: C. H. Shah
Padmalata a.k.a. Lily In The Mud D. A. Dandekar Nandram, Lila, P. R. Joshi, Salma Nizam, Gangaram Costume Gujrat Studios
DOP: Gordhanbhai Patel
Pataal Padmini a.k.a. The Beauty From Hell Harshadrai Mehta Zebunisa, Nandram, Jani Babu, Joshi, Nirasha Fantasy Sharda Film Company
DOP: Chimanlal Luhar
Patel Ketu K. P. Bhave Tara, Keshav Narayan Kale, Rustom Irani, Sakhu, Jamshedji Imperial Film Company
Pauper Princess Ramakant, Gharekhan Mohini, Jai Kishan Nanda, Mary, Roy, Baba Vyas Costume Jagdish Film Co.
DOP: G. G. Gogate
Parshuram Dasaheb Phalke Mythology Hindustan Cinema Film Company
Prisoners Of Love a.k.a. Raj Tarang Harshadrai Mehta Master Vithal, Zebunisa, Prabhashankar, Alibux, Lobo Costume Sharda Film Company
DOP: Chimanlal Luhar
Puran Bhagat Pesi Karani Ermeline, Rustom, Sakhu, Jilloobai, Khansaheb, Gohar Jr. Jamhedji Devotional Imperial Film Company
DOP: Rustom Irani

R-S

[edit]
Title Director Cast Genre Notes
Cinematographer
Raj Kumar a.k.a. Raj Kunwar Krishnabai New India Film Company, Nasik
Ram Rajya Viyoga Religious Hindustan Cinema Film Company, Nasik
Roop Basant a.k.a. Madan Mohana a.k.a. Beautiful Woman Haribhai Desai Master Bachu, Miss Mohna, Baburao Gade, Wmanrao, D. N. Potdar, Gangoobai, Jairam, Fayma Costume Suvarna Pictures D. B. Chauhan
Rukmani Haran Mythology Hindustan Cinema Film Company, Nasik
Sainted Devil a.k.a. Ek Abla Bhagwati Prasad Mishra Ermeline, Asoobhai, Putli, Misra, Jillo Bai, J. Rustom Irani, Ghory, Bhagwati Mishra, Yusuf Social Imperial Film Co.
Sarla a.k.a. Sarala Amritlal Bose, Priyanath Ganguly Seeta Devi, Durgadas Bandyopadhyay, Rani Sundari, Naresh Mitra, Chittaranjan Goswami, Sailen Chowdhury, Manorama, Prabodh Bose Social Madan Theatres Ltd.
Sassi Punnu a.k.a. Sassi Punhu Harshad Rai Mehta Master Vithal, Zebunisa, Mani, A. P. Kapoor, Lobo Legend Romance Sharda Film Co. Sati Pingala G. V. Sane Bhaurao Datar, Gangubai Mohite Devotional Hindustan Cinema Film Company, Nasik
Second Wife a.k.a. Punarlagna Ni Patni Nagendra Mazumdar Mehtab, Yusuf, Salvi, Gangu Social Kaiser-E-Hind Film Co.
Shamsher Pratigna R. N. Vaidya, Jamnadas Subedar Kumudini, R. N. Vaidya, Baba Vyas, Ghanshyam Costume Shree Jagdish Film Co. D. D. Dabke
Shasti Ki Shanti Jyotish Banerjee Nath Ghosh, Ahindra Chowdhary, Tara Sundari, Durgadas Bannerjee, Danibabu, Jainarayan Mukherjee, Tarasundari, Prabavathi, Prabavathi, Kartik Dey, Kantibhusan Bandyopadhyay Tulsi Banerji Social Madan Theatres Ltd.
Shree Dwarkadheesh a.k.a. Shri Dwarkadhish Ramakant Rangnath, Gharekhan Pramoth Bose, Kadambari, Ghanshyam, Baba Vyas, Roy Devotional Shree Jagdish Film Co.
Shree Krishna Shishtai Dadasaheb Phalke Religious Hindustan Cinema Film Company, Nasik
Silver Cloud a.k.a. Varachat Vidhwa Maneklal Joshi Rampyari, Salvi, Kumudini Socia Excelsior Film Co.
Sneh Jyoti a.k.a. Love Flame Raja Sandow, R. N. Vaidya Putli, Raja Sandow, Shanta Kumari, Baba Vyas, Dabir, Ghanshyam, R. N. Vaidya Shree Jagdish Film
Soni Mahiwal Anand Prasad Kapoor Master Vithal, Zebunisa, Mani, Himmat Legend Romance Sharda Film Co. Sudarshan Dadasaheb Phalke Religious Hindustan Cinema Film Company, Nasik

T-Z

[edit]
Title Director Cast Genre Notes
Cinematographer
The Love Flame Nanubhai Vakil Shanta Kumari, Putli, Raja Sandow Social Jagdish Film Co.
Traitor a.k.a. Namak Haram N. D. Sarpotdar Meera, P. N. Varne, Durgabai Korgaonkar, Dattoba Rajwade, Jadhav Historical Aryan Film Co.
Udan Tappu a.k.a. Vagabond N. D. Sarpotdar Dattoba Rajwade, Durgabai Korgaonkar, Krishnaji Ghanekar, P. N. Varne, Hansa, Jadhavrao, Das Social Aryan Film Co.
DOP: Y. D. Sarpotdar
Up-To-Date a.k.a. Akalna Bardan Prafulla Ghosh Gulab, Noor Mohammad Charlie, Wadilal, Sandow, Jehangir Social Krishna Film Company
DOP: Chaturbhai Patel, Gordhanbhai Patel
Vasant Leela a.k.a. Sons Of The Rich N. G. Deware (Narayan Deware) Shakuntala Tembe, Fram Sethna, Jal Balsara, Noor Mohammed Charlie, Raja Babu, Panna, Siraj, Fatma Jr. Social Artistic Pictures (JBH Wadia)
DOP: Gajanan S. Devare
Vasavdatta Nagendra Mazumdar Putli, Jani Babu, Athavle Historical Kaiser-E-Hind Film Co.
Veer Ramani Costume Alexandra Film Company
Veerangana Homi Master Khalil, Yakbal, Shivabai, Heera Costume Kohinoor Film Company
DOP: K. G. Gokhale
Vengeance a.k.a. Raj Rang Bhagwati Prasad Mishra Sulochana, Jillo Bai, D. Bilimoria, Elizer, Jamshedji Social Action Imperial Film Co.
DOP: Rustom Irani
Vigathakumaram a.k.a. The Lost Child J. C. Daniel J. C. Daniel Social First Malayalam feature film. J. C. Daniel
Vile Woman a.k.a. Kal Ratri Nu Khooni Khanjar K. Rathor Rampyari, Haider Shah, Gulab, Nandram, Vishnu Costume Krishna Film Co.
DOP: Chaturbhai Patel
Vishwamohini a.k.a. The Enchantress Chandulal Shah Gohar, Meena Devi, Raja Sandow, Vaidya, E. Bilimoria Social Shree Jagdish Film Co.
DOP: Pandurang S. Naik
Wife And The Vampire a.k.a. Prem Ane Vaasna a.k.a. Sansar Nauka Lalitarai Vyas British India Film Co., Saurashtra Film Co., Rajkot
Wine Of Youth a.k.a. Saundarya Sura Harshad Rai Mehta Master Vithal, Mani, A. P. Kapoor, Lobo Social Sharda Film Co.
DOP: Chimanlal Luhar
Wise Fool a.k.a. Madan Manjari Pesi Karani Ermeline, Jamshedji, Dinkar, Tara, Asooji, Khan Costume Imperial Film Co.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Year-1928". indiancine.ma. Indiancine.ma. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
  2. ^ "Database". citwf.com. Alan Goble. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
  3. ^ "SilentFilms 1928". gomolo.com. Gomolo. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
  4. ^ "Cinema History 1928". businessofcinema.com. Businessofcinema.com. 4 April 2006. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
  5. ^ Ashish Rajadhyaksha; Paul Willemen; Professor of Critical Studies Paul Willemen (10 July 2014). Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema. Routledge. pp. 250–. ISBN 978-1-135-94318-9. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  6. ^ "The many avatars". India Today. 20 May 2002. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  7. ^ Manju Jain (2009). Narratives of Indian Cinema. Primus Books. pp. 230–. ISBN 978-81-908918-4-4. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  8. ^ "Silent Star-Sulochana". indiaheritage.org. IndiaHeritage.org. Archived from the original on 19 October 2007. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  9. ^ "Shiraz 1928". silentfilm.org. San Francisco Silent Film Festival. Archived from the original on 10 July 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  10. ^ "Hooray for Bollywood: 100 years of Indian Cinema". independent.co.uk. independent.co.uk. 16 March 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  11. ^ "Vigathakumaram 1928". cinemaofmalayalam.net. Cinemaofmalayalam.net. Archived from the original on 6 June 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
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