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[ 0 => '{{Rough translation|es|listed=yes|date=June 2022}}The '''Garraf plot''' was an attempted [[regicide]] of [[Spain]]'s King [[Alfonso XIII]] that was executed by Catalan separatists in [[Barcelona]] in June 1925.', 1 => '', 2 => '== History ==', 3 => 'On May 6, the trip of King [[Alfonso XIII]] to [[Catalonia]] was announced. The clandestine organization [[Bandera Negra|La Bandera Negra]], dependent on [[Estat Català]], decided that the monarch, who had approved the bankruptcy of the constitutional order and the establishment of the dictatorship of General [[Miguel Primo de Rivera|Primo de Rivera]], who had repressed Catalanism and prohibited the use of Catalan symbols , had to be killed. The visit was scheduled for the 26th of that month and Bandera Negra initially planned to explode a bomb as the royal train passed. The meeting in which this decision was made was attended by [[Miquel Badia]], [[Marcel·lí Perelló i Domingo|Marcelino Perelló]], Jaume Julià, [[Francisco Ferrer|Francesc Ferrer]], Emili Granier-Barrera, Ramon Xammar, Santiago Balius and Josep Garriga. Although the conspiracy was organized by members of Estat Català, the idea initially came from a group of radical militants, the Grup dels Set ("Group of Seven") of [[Acció Catalana]]'s clandestine organization, the Societat d' Estudis Militars, which included Enric Fontbernat, Abelard Tona, Miquel Ferrer, Antoni Arguelaguet, Ramon Saguers and Ramon Fabregat.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2008-01-26 |title=Societat d'Estudis Militars |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080126064940/http://sem.bloc.cat/post/5489/81927 |access-date=2022-07-30 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Crexell |first=Joan |url=https://books.google.es/books?id=9JYDOr2APrEC |title=El complot de Garraf |date=1988 |publisher=L'Abadia de Montserrat |isbn=978-84-7202-982-8 |language=ca}}</ref>', 4 => '', 5 => 'The initial plan was to put a bomb in a tunnel near the Catalan capital. The only one close to [[Barcelona]] was the tunnel between [[Garraf (Sitges)|Garraf]] and [[Sitges]]. On the 23rd, the first attempt to place the bomb took place, in which the aforementioned Perelló, Julià, Ferrer and Garriga participated, together with Jaume Compte and Deogràcies Civit. However, the attempt was unsuccessful, since when they arrived at the chosen place they found that they lacked the appropriate tools to lift the ballast from the track and be able to place the explosive device, so they hid the bomb among the vegetation next to the way to return the next day. On the 24th the plan failed again, this time because the conspirators missed the train in Barcelona and could not reach Garraf, which led to a modification of the plan. The bomb would now be placed in one of the tunnel vents, but the new plan would be altered again. When on the 25th the conspirators went to Garraf to plant the explosive device, the massive presence of the [[Civil Guard (Spain)|Civil Guard]] prevented them from carrying out their plans, so on the 26th they decided to attack the monarch in Barcelona, ​​when he passed through the Ramblas on his way to the gala performance at the [[Liceu|Liceo]], on the 29th. The conspirators believed that in the confusion that would follow the assassination of the king, the military would carry out multiple acts of repressive violence against the population of Barcelona, ​​which would produce an effect of popular reaction that would allow to the [[escamots]] of [[Estat Català]] seize the most significant buildings and proclaim the [[Catalan Republic]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />', 6 => '', 7 => 'This new attempt was again a failure. Jaume Julià was appointed for the action, who did not appear at the scheduled time. Later it was learned that Julià's father discovered the matter and prevented him from participating (Julià was twenty years old). Under these conditions, a substitute was appointed, who according to some sources was Miquel Ferrer, from the Grup dels Set, and according to others, Jaume Miravitlles ([[Escamots|escamot]] from Estat Català). In any case, the commando, armed with pistols, which was carrying the bomb camouflaged inside a bouquet of flowers, was unable to carry out the operation due to heavy police surveillance.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />', 8 => '', 9 => 'After this new failure, there was still the possibility of resuming the initial plan and detonating the bomb when the king left Barcelona and passed through the Garraf tunnel again. Four members of [[Bandera Negra|La Bandera Negra]] and two members of the Grup dels Set went to Garraf on June 6 to reconnoiter the land. However, the presence of an infiltrator in the conspiracy, Joan Terrés, nicknamed Josep Talavera, meant that the police were waiting for them at the station. Jaume Compte, [[Miquel Badia]], Deogràcies Civit, Emili Granier, Jaume Balius, [[Marcel·lí Perelló i Domingo|Marcelino Perelló]], Ramon Fabregat, Antoni Argelaguet, Jaume Julià, Josep Garriga, Francesc Ferrer, Pere Manén, Narcís Compte, Antoni Guillamet, Jaume Balius, Ramon Xamar, were arrested. Josep Papasseit, Vicenç Colominas, Anton Macià, Jaume Macià, Jaume Pons, Lluís Tort, Jaume Pallàs, Josep Marfany, Josep M. Planas, Josep Folch, Raimon Peypoch and Mateu Sust were arrested.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />', 10 => '[[File:2 aplec per l'alliberament del pare 1·04·1930 (al centre, el pare i la mare).jpg|thumb|421x421px|One of the festive acts for the liberation of Marcelino Perelló, on April 1, 1930. Perelló himself appears in the center of the photograph, together with his fiancée Edelmira Valls.]]', 11 => 'The police accused [[Estat Català]] of being behind the plot, and the dictatorship began the repression against Catalanism, arresting numerous members not only of Estat Català, but also of [[Catalan Action|Acció Catalana]] and [[Unió Catalanista]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />', 12 => '', 13 => 'In July 1925 Jaume Compte, Marcelino Perelló, Jaume Julià, Miquel Badia, Deogràcies Civit, Francesc Ferrer, Josep Garriga, Emili Granier, Ramon Fabregat and Antoni Arguelaguet were brought to trial. These last three were released on bail and fled. The judicial procedure was left in the hands of the military, who were accused of not respecting the legal procedure, of torturing the detainees and of irregularities and contradictions in the summary. Finally, Jaume Compte was accused of being the leader of the group and sentenced to death by garrote, as well as Perelló, Julià and Garriga. Their sentences were commuted to life imprisonment. Badia, Civit and Ferrer were sentenced to 12 years in prison. All those imprisoned were granted amnesty at the end of the Primo de Rivera dictatorship in 1930.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />', 14 => '', 15 => '== References ==' ]