Edit filter log

'{{Infobox Province or territory of Canada | Name = Nova Scotia| AlternateName = ''Nouvelle-Écosse'', ''Alba Nuadh'' <br/> New Scotland (English) | Fullname = Province of Nova Scotia | EntityAdjective = Provincial | Flag = Flag_of_Nova_Scotia.svg | CoatOfArms = NScoat.jpg | Map = Nova Scotia, Canada.svg | Label_map = no | Motto = ''Munit Hae et Altera Vincit''<br/><small>({{lang-la|One defends and the other conquers}})</small> | OfficialLang = [[English language|English]] | Flower = [[Image:Trailing arbutus 2006.jpg|left|30px]]{{spaces|2}}[[Epigaea repens|Mayflower]] | Dog = [[Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever]] | Tree = [[Image:Picea rubens cone.jpg|left|30px]]{{spaces|2}}[[Red Spruce]] | Bird = [[Image:OspreyNASA.jpg|left|30px]]{{spaces|2}}[[Osprey]] | Capital = [[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]] | LargestCity = [[City of Halifax|Halifax]] | LargestMetro = [[Halifax Urban Area]] | Demonym = Nova Scotian | Premier = [[Rodney MacDonald]] | PremierParty = [[Nova Scotia Progressive Conservative Party|PC]] | Viceroy = [[Mayann E. Francis]] | ViceroyType = Lieutenant-Governor | PostalAbbreviation = NS | PostalCodePrefix = [[List of B Postal Codes of Canada|B]] | AreaRank = 12^th | PCI = [[39,092]] | TotalArea_km2 = 55283 | LandArea_km2 = 53338 | WaterArea_km2 = 1946 | PercentWater = 3.5 | PopulationRank = 7^th | Population = 939,531 (est.)<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web | author= Statistics Canada|publisher= |title= Canada's population estimates 2009-26-03 |accessdate=2009-07-04 |url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/090326/t090326a2-eng.htm}}</ref> | PopulationYear = 2009 | DensityRank = 2^nd | Density_km2 = 17.49 | GDP_year = 2006 | GDP_total = C$31.966&nbsp;billion<ref>[http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/econ15.htm Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, by province and territory]</ref> | GDP_rank = 7^th | GDP_per_capita = C$34,210 | GDP_per_capita_rank = 11^th | AdmittanceOrder = 1^st | AdmittanceDate = [[July 1]], [[1867]] | TimeZone = [[UTC]]-4 | HouseSeats = 11 | SenateSeats = 10 | ISOCode = CA-NS | Website = www.gov.ns.ca }} '''Nova Scotia''' ({{pron-en|ˌnoʊvəˈskoʊʃə}}; [[Latin]] for ''New Scotland''; {{lang-gd|Alba Nuadh}}; {{lang-fr|Nouvelle-Écosse}}) is a Canadian [[Provinces and territories of Canada|province]] located on [[Canada]]'s southeastern coast. It is the most-populous province in [[Atlantic Canada]]. Its capital, [[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]], is a major economic centre of the region. Nova Scotia is the second-smallest province in Canada with an area of 55,284&nbsp;km². Its population of 939,531<ref name=autogenerated1 /> makes it the fourth-least-populous province of the country, though second-most-densely populated. Nova Scotia's economy is traditionally largely resource-based, but has diversified since the middle of the 20th century. Industries such as [[fishing]], [[mining]], [[forestry]] and [[agriculture]] remain very important and have been joined by [[tourism]], [[technology]], [[film]], [[Music of Nova Scotia|music]], and [[finance]]. The province includes several regions of the [[Mi'kmaq]] nation of Mi'gma'gi, which covered all of the Maritimes, as well as parts of [[Maine]], [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]] and the [[Gaspé Peninsula]]. Nova Scotia was already home to the Mi'kmaq people when the first European colonists arrived. In 1604, [[France|French]] colonists established the first permanent European settlement north of [[Florida]] at [[Port Royal, Nova Scotia|Port Royal]], founding what would become known as [[Acadia]]. The [[British Empire]] obtained control of the region between 1713 and 1760, and established a new capital at Halifax in 1749. In 1867 Nova Scotia was one of the founding provinces of the [[Canadian Confederation]], along with [[New Brunswick]], and the [[Province of Canada]] (which became the separate provinces of [[Quebec]] and [[Ontario]]). ==Geography== {{Main|Geography of Nova Scotia}} The province's mainland is the [[Nova Scotia peninsula]] surrounded by the [[Atlantic Ocean]], including numerous bays and estuaries. Nowhere in Nova Scotia is more than 67&nbsp;km (40 mi) from the ocean.<ref>{{cite book|title=O Canada|author=[[Ted Harrison]]|publisher=Ticknor & Fields|year=1993|accessdate=2007-11-01}}</ref> [[Cape Breton Island]], a large [[island]] to the northeast of the Nova Scotia mainland, is also part of the province, as is [[Sable Island]], a small island notorious for its [[shipwreck]]s, approximately 175&nbsp;km (109 mi) from the province's southern coast. Nova Scotia is Canada's second-smallest province in area (after [[Prince Edward Island]]). Nova Scotia is also Canada's most-southern-centered province even though it does not have the most-southern location in Canada, which is in Ontario. Because part of Ontario stretches far to the north, Ontario's centre is further north than Nova Scotia's. [[Image:Nova Scotia-map-2.png|thumb|left|340px|Map of Nova Scotia]] ===Climate=== Nova Scotia lies in the mid-temperate zone and, although the province is almost surrounded by water, the climate is closer to [[Continental climate|continental]] rather than [[Oceanic climate|maritime]]. The temperature extremes of the continental climate are moderated by the ocean. Described on the provincial vehicle-licence plate as Canada's Ocean Playground, the sea is a major influence on Nova Scotia's climate. Nova Scotia is known to have cold winters and warm summers. The province is surrounded by three major bodies of water, the [[Gulf of Saint Lawrence]] to the north, the [[Bay of Fundy]] to the west, and the [[Atlantic Ocean]] to the south and east. Rainfall varies from 140&nbsp;centimetres (55&nbsp;in) in the south to 100&nbsp;centimetres (40&nbsp;in) elsewhere. Nova Scotia is also very foggy in places, with Halifax averaging 196 foggy days per year<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=59317&refer=&units=us Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada]</ref> and [[Yarmouth, Nova Scotia|Yarmouth]] 191.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=30617&refer=&units=us Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada]</ref> The average annual temperatures are: *Spring from 1° to 17°C *Summer from 14° to 25<ref>[http://atlantic-web1.ns.ec.gc.ca/climatecentre/default.asp?lang=En&n=61405176-1 Environment Canada - Atlantic Climate Centre - The Climate of Nova Scotia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>°C *Fall about 5° to 20°C *Winter about -11° to 5°C Due to the ocean's moderating effect Nova Scotia is the warmest of the provinces in Canada. Nova Scotia also has a fairly wide but not extreme temperature range, a late and long summer, skies that are often cloudy or overcast; frequent coastal fog and marked changeability of weather from day to day. The main factors influencing Nova Scotia's climate are: * The effects of the westerly winds * The interaction between three main air masses which converge on the east coast * Nova Scotia's location on the routes of the major eastward-moving storms * The modifying influence of the sea. Because Nova Scotia juts out into the Atlantic, it is prone to tropical storms and hurricanes in the summer and autumn. There have been 33 such storms, including 12 hurricanes, since records were kept in 1871&mdash;about once every four years. The last hurricane was category-one [[Hurricane Kyle (2008)|Hurricane Kyle]] in September 2008, and the last tropical storm was Tropical Storm Noel in 2007 (downgraded from [[Hurricane Noel]] by the time the storm reached Nova Scotia). ==History== {{Main|History of Nova Scotia}} [[Paleo Indians|Paleo-Indians]] camped at locations in present-day Nova Scotia approximately 11,000&nbsp;years ago. [[Archaic stage|Native]] are believed to have been present in the area between 1,000 and 5,000&nbsp;years ago. [[Mi'kmaq]], the [[First Nations]] of the province and region, are their direct descendants. It is most widely believed that the Italian explorer [[Giovanni Caboto|John Cabot]] visited present-day [[Cape Breton Island|Cape Breton]] in 1497.[http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/journals/EH/EH33/croxto33.html] The first European settlement in Nova Scotia was established more than a century later in 1604. The [[France|French]], led by [[Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Monts]] established the first capital for the colony Acadia at [[Port Royal, Nova Scotia|Port Royal]] that year at the head of the [[Annapolis Basin]]. Also, French fishermen established a settlement at [[Canso]] the same year. In 1620, the [[Plymouth Council for New England]], under [[James I of England|King James I (of England) & VI (of Scots)]] designated the whole shorelines of Acadia and the Mid-Atlantic colonies south to the [[Chesapeake Bay]] as [[New England]]. The first documented Scottish settlement in the Americas was of Nova Scotia in 1621. On 29 September 1621, the charter for the foundation of a colony was granted by James VI to [[William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling]] and, in 1622, the first settlers left [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]]. This settlement initially failed because of difficulties in obtaining a sufficient number of skilled emigrants, and in 1624 James VI created a new order of [[baronet]]s. Admission to this order was obtained by sending six labourers or artisans, sufficiently armed, dressed and supplied for two years, to Nova Scotia, or by paying 3,000 [[merk (coin)|merk]]s to William Alexander. For six months, no one took up this offer until James compelled one to make the first move. In 1627, there was a wider uptake of baronetcies and thus more settlers available to go to Nova Scotia. However, in 1627, war broke out between [[Kingdom of England|England]] and [[France]], and the French re-established a settlement at Port Royal which they had originally settled. Later that year, a combined Scottish and English force destroyed the French settlement, forcing them out. In 1629, the first Scottish settlement at Port Royal was inhabited. The colony's charter, in law, made Nova Scotia (defined as all land between [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]] and New England) a part of mainland Scotland; this was later used to get around the English [[navigation acts]]. However, this did not last long: in 1631, under [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]], the [[Treaty of Suza]] was signed which returned Nova Scotia to the French. The Scots were forced by Charles to abandon their mission before their colony had been properly established, and the French assumed control of the Mi'kmaq and other First Nations territory. In 1654, [[King Louis XIV of France]] appointed aristocrat [[Nicholas Denys]] as Governor of Acadia and granted him the confiscated lands and the right to all its minerals. English colonists captured Acadia in the course of [[King William's War]], but England returned the territory to France in the [[Treaty of Ryswick]] at the end of the war. The territory was recaptured by forces loyal to Britain during the course of [[Queen Anne's War]], and its conquest was confirmed by the [[Treaty of Utrecht]] of 1713. France retained possession of Île St Jean ([[Prince Edward Island]]) and Île Royale (Cape Breton Island), on which it established a fortress at [[Louisbourg]] to guard the sea approaches to Quebec. This fortress was captured by [[American colonial forces]], then returned by the British to France, then ceded again after the [[French and Indian War]] of 1755. Thus mainland Nova Scotia became a British colony in 1713, although [[Samuel Vetch]] had a precarious hold on the territory as governor from the fall of Acadian Port-Royal ([[Annapolis Royal]]) in October 1710. British governing officials became increasingly concerned over the unwillingness of the French-speaking, Roman Catholic [[Acadians]], who were the majority of colonists, to pledge allegiance to the [[British Crown]], then [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]. The colony remained mostly Acadian despite the establishment of Halifax as the province's capital, and the settlement of a large number of [[foreign Protestants]] (some French and Swiss but mostly German) at Lunenburg in 1753. In 1755, the British forcibly expelled over 12,000 Acadians in what became known as the Grand Dérangement, or [[Great Expulsion]]. At the same time the British Crown began bestowing land grants in Nova Scotia on favored subjects to encourage settlement and trade with the mother country. In June 1764, for instance, the Boards of Trade requested the King make massive land grants to such Royal favorites as [[Thomas Pownall]], [[Richard Oswald 1705-1784|Richard Oswald]], Humphry Bradstreet, [[John Wentworth (governor)|John Wentworth]], Thomas Thoroton<ref>Thomas Blackborne Thoroton was married to an illegitimate daughter of the Duke of Rutland. He and other family members, including Thoroton's half-brother Levett Blackborne, a barrister, had close business and social relationships with [[Richard Oswald 1705-1784|Richard Oswald]] and [[James Grant (British Army officer)|James Grant]], who were instrumental in the English colonies in [[East Florida]] and [[Nova Scotia]].[http://brokert10.fcla.edu/DLData/CF/FullText/fhq_54_4.txt]</ref> and [[Lincoln's Inn]] barrister [[Levett]] Blackborne.<ref>[http://www.heritage.nf.ca/law/lab5/labvol5_2215.html Representation to His Majesty with a List of Several persons for Grants of Lands in Nova Scotia, Representations of the Lords of Trade to the King, June 5, 1764, www.heritage.nf.ca]</ref> Two years later, in 1766, at a gathering at the home of Levett Blackborne, an adviser to the Duke of Rutland, Oswald and his friend [[James Grant]] were released from their Nova Scotia properties so they could concentrate on their grants in British [[East Florida]].<ref>[http://brokert10.fcla.edu/DLData/CF/FullText/fhq_54_4.txt The Florida Historical Quarterly, vol. LIV, No. 4, April 1976, Gainesville, FL]</ref> The colony's jurisdiction changed during this time. Nova Scotia was granted a supreme court in 1754 with the appointment of [[Jonathan Belcher]] and a [[Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia|Legislative Assembly]] in 1758. In 1763 Cape Breton Island became part of Nova Scotia. In 1769, St. John's Island (now Prince Edward Island) became a separate colony. The county of [[Sunbury County, Nova Scotia|Sunbury]] was created in 1765, and included all of the territory of current day [[New Brunswick]] and eastern [[Maine]] as far as the Penobscot River. In 1784 the western, mainland portion of the colony was separated and became the province of New Brunswick, and the territory in Maine entered the control of the newly independent American state of [[Massachusetts]]. Cape Breton became a separate colony in 1784 only to be returned to Nova Scotia in 1820. [[Image:Nova Scotia stamp.jpg|thumb|During the colonial period, Nova Scotia issued its own postage stamps printed in England. This distinctive diamond shape (issued between 1851 and 1857) was also used by neighbouring New Brunswick.]] [[Image:NSwik-stamp8c1860.jpg|200px|left|thumb|Nova Scotia stamp issued 1860.]] Ancestors of more than half of present-day Nova Scotians arrived in the period following the [[Acadian Expulsion]]. Between 1759 and 1768, about 8,000 [[New England Planters]] responded to Governor [[Charles Lawrence]]'s request for settlers from the New England colonies. Several years later, approximately 30,000 [[United Empire Loyalists]] (American Tories) settled in Nova Scotia (when it comprised present-day [[Maritime Canada]]) following the defeat of the [[United Kingdom|British]] in the [[American Revolutionary War]]. Of these 30,000, 14,000 went to New Brunswick and 16,000 went to Nova Scotia. Approximately 3,000 of this group were [[Black Loyalist]]s, about a third of whom soon relocated themselves to [[Sierra Leone]] in 1792 via the [[Committee for the Relief of the Black Poor]], becoming the [[Original Settlers (Freetown)|Original settlers]] of [[Freetown, Sierra Leone|Freetown]]. Large numbers of [[Canadian Gaelic|Gaelic-speaking]] [[Highland Scots]] emigrated to Cape Breton and the western part of the mainland during the late 18th century and 19th century. About one thousand [[Ulster Scots people|Ulster-Scots]] settled in mainly central Nova Scotia during this time, as did just over a thousand farming migrants from [[Yorkshire]] and [[Northumberland]] between 1772 and 1775. Nova Scotia was the first colony in [[British North America]] and in the [[British Empire]] to achieve [[responsible government]] in January-February 1848 and become [[self-governing colony|self-governing]] through the efforts of [[Joseph Howe]]. Pro-Confederate premier [[Charles Tupper]] led Nova Scotia into the [[Canadian Confederation]] in 1867, along with New Brunswick and the [[Province of Canada]]. In the provincial election of 1868, the [[Anti-Confederation Party]] won 18 out of 19 federal seats, and 36 out of 38 seats in the provincial legislature. For seven years, [[William Annand]] and Joseph Howe led the ultimately unsuccessful fight to convince British imperial authorities to release Nova Scotia from Confederation. The government was vocally against Confederation, contending that it was no more than the annexation of the province to the pre-existing province of Canada: {{quotation | "...the scheme [confederation with Canada] by them assented to would, if adopted, deprive the people [of Nova Scotia] of the inestimable privilege of self-government, and of their rights, liberty, and independence, rob them of their revenue, take from them the regulation of trade and taxation, expose them to arbitrary taxation by a legislature over which they have no control, and in which they would possess but a nominal and entirely ineffective representation; deprive them of their invaluable fisheries, railroads, and other property, and reduce this hitherto free, happy, and self-governed province to a degraded condition of a servile dependency of Canada." | from Address to the Crown by the Government (Journal of the House of Assembly, Province of Nova Scotia, 1868) }} A motion passed by the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in 1868 refusing to recognise the legitimacy of Confederation has never been rescinded. Repeal, as anti-confederation became known, would rear its head again in the 1880s, and transform into the Maritime Rights Movement in the 1920s. Some [[Flag of Nova Scotia|Nova Scotia flags]] flew at half mast on [[Dominion Day]] as late as that time. ==Demographics== {{Main|Demographics of Nova Scotia}} According to the 2001 Canadian census<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo26d.htm |title= Population by selected ethnic origins, by province and territory (Census 2001) | author= Statistics Canada | authorlink= Statistics Canada| year= 2005 | moth= January | accessdate= 2007-04-26}}</ref> the largest ethnic group in Nova Scotia is [[Scottish people|Scottish]] (29.3%), followed by [[English people|English]] (28.1%), [[Irish people|Irish]] (19.9%), [[French people|French]] (16.7%), [[German people|German]] (10.0%), [[Dutch people|Dutch]] (3.9%), [[First Nations]] (3.2%), [[Welsh people|Welsh]] (1.4%), [[Italian people|Italian]] (1.3%), and [[Acadian]] (1.2%). Peoples of European descent thus make up approximately 96.8% of the total population. Almost half of all respondents (47.4%) identified their ethnicity as "Canadian." '''Top Ten Counties by Population''' {| border=0 width=50% cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2 |'''County ''' |'''2001''' |'''2006''' |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Halifax County, Nova Scotia|Halifax (county)]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |359,183 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |372,858 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Cape Breton County, Nova Scotia|Cape Breton (county)]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |109,330 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |105,928 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Kings County, Nova Scotia|Kings County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |58,866 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |60,035 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Colchester County, Nova Scotia|Colchester County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |49,307 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |50,023 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia|Lunenburg County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |47,591 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |47,150 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Pictou County, Nova Scotia|Pictou County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |46,965 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |46,513 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Hants County, Nova Scotia|Hants County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |40,513 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |41,182 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Cumberland County, Nova Scotia|Cumberland County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |32,605 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |32,046 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia|Yarmouth County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |26,843 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |26,277 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Annapolis County, Nova Scotia|Annapolis County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |21,773 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |21,438 |- ! style="background:#d3d3d3" align="left" |[[Shelburne County, Nova Scotia|Shelburne County]] ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |16,231 ! style="background:#d3d3d3" |15,544 |- |} ===Language=== The [[Canada 2006 Census|2006 Canadian census]] showed a population of 913,462.<br />Of the 899,270 singular responses to the census question concerning 'mother tongue' the most-commonly reported languages were: {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" !Rank !Language !Respondants !Percentage |- |1. |English |832,105 |92.53% |- |2. |French |32,540 |3.62% |- |3. |Arabic |4,425 |0.49% |- |4. |Mi'kmaq |4,060 |0.45% |- |5. |German |4,045 |0.45% |- |6. |Chinese |3,370 |0.37% |- |7. |Dutch |2,440 |0.27% |- |8. |Polish |1,570 |0.17% |- |9. |Spanish |1,305 |0.15% |- |10. |Greek |1,035 |0.12% |- |11. |Italian |905 |0.10% |- |12. |Korean |860 |0.10% |- |13. |Gaelic |799 |0.10% |} [[Image:Peggys Cove Harbour 01.jpg|right|thumb| [[Peggys Cove]] Harbour]] In addition, there were also 105 responses of both English and a 'non-official language'; 25 of both French and a 'non-official language'; 495 of both English and French; 10 of English, French, and a 'non-official language'; and about 10,300 people who either did not respond to the question, or reported multiple non-official languages, or else gave some other unenumerated response. Figures shown are for the number of single language responses and the percentage of total single-language responses.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/topics/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?ALEVEL=3&APATH=3&CATNO=&DETAIL=0&DIM=&DS=99&FL=0&FREE=0&GAL=0&GC=99&GK=NA&GRP=1&IPS=&METH=0&ORDER=1&PID=89201&PTYPE=88971&RL=0&S=1&ShowAll=No&StartRow=1&SUB=701&Temporal=2006&Theme=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&GID=837934 Detailed Mother Tongue (186), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) (2006 Census)]</ref> ===Religion=== The largest denominations by number of adherents according to the 2001 census were the [[Roman Catholic Church]] with 327,940 (37 %); the [[United Church of Canada]] with 142,520 (16 %); and the [[Anglican Church of Canada]] with 120,315 (13 %).<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/highlight/Religion/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&View=1a&Code=12&Table=1&StartRec=1&Sort=2&B1=12&B2=All Religions in Canada<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ==Economy== Nova Scotia's traditionally [[Natural resource|resource-based economy]] has become more diverse in recent decades. The rise of Nova Scotia as a viable jurisdiction in North America was driven by the ready availability of natural resources, especially the fish stocks off the Scotian shelf. The [[Fishing|fishery]] was pillar of the economy since its development as part of the economy of [[New France]] in the 17th century. However, the fishery suffered a sharp decline due to [[overfishing]] in the late twentieth century. The collapse of the [[Atlantic Cod|cod stocks]] and the closure of this sector resulted in a loss of approximately 20,000 jobs in 1992.<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www.fisherycrisis.com /| title= The Starving Ocean | author= Fish in Crisis | accessdate= 2007-04-26}}</ref> Per capita GDP in 2005 was $31,344,<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www.gov.ns.ca/finance/statistics/agency/index.asp | title= Economics and Statistics | author= Government of Nova Scotia | year=2007 |accessdate=2007-04-26}}</ref> lower than the national average per capita GDP of $34,273 and less than half that of Canada's richest province, [[Alberta]]. Due, in part, to a strong [[small business|small-business]] sector, Nova Scotia now has one of the fastest-growing economies in Canada. Small business makes up 92.2% of the provincial economy.<ref name = Migration> Carter, S. (ed.) [http://www.migrationnews.com/index.cfm/Canada/index.cfm/Canada/Migration_News___PDF_file.html/Migration_News___PDF_file.pdf Migrationnews Canada]. 2007-2008 Edition. Oceania Development Group. Retrieved on: October 10, 2008.</ref> Mining, especially of [[gypsum]], salt and [[barite]], is also a significant sector. Since 1991, [[Offshore drilling|offshore oil and gas]] has become an increasingly important part of the economy. [[Agriculture]] remains an important sector in the province. In the central part of Nova Scotia, [[Forestry|lumber and paper]] industries are responsible for much of the employment opportunities. Nova Scotia’s defence and aerospace sector generates approximately $500 million in revenues and contributes about $1.5 billion to the provincial economy annually.<ref> Nova Scotia Business Inc. [http://www.novascotiabusiness.com/en/home/locate/sectorinfo/defense_aerospace.aspx Defence, Security & Aerospace].Retrieved on: October 10, 2008.</ref> Nova Scotia has the fourth-largest [[film industry]] in Canada hosting over 100 productions yearly, more than half of which are the products of international film and television producers.<ref> Nova Scotia Film Development Corporation [http://www.film.ns.ca/pdfs/2007-08%20stat%20summary%20for%20Press%20release.pdf Production Statistics for the 12 Month Period Ended March 31, 2008]. Retrieved on: October 10, 2008.</ref> The Nova Scotia [[tourism]] industry includes more than 6,500 direct businesses, supporting nearly 40,000 jobs.<ref> Tourism Industry Association of Nova Scotia. [http://www.tians.org/ Tourism Summit 2008]. Retrieved on: October 10, 2008.</ref> 200,000 [[cruise ship]] passengers from around the world flow through the [[Port of Halifax]], Nova Scotia each year.<ref> Government of Nova Scotia. [http://www.gov.ns.ca/econ/exportstrategy/docs/Export_Development_Strategy-NS.pdf Going Global, Staying Local: A Partnership Strategy for Export Development]. Retrieved on: October 10, 2008.</ref> Halifax ranks among the top five most cost-effective places to do business when compared to large international centres in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific.<ref name = Migration/> ==Government and politics== {{see|Politics of Nova Scotia|Monarchy in Nova Scotia|Government of Nova Scotia}} The government of Nova Scotia is a parliamentary democracy. Its unicameral legislature, the [[Nova Scotia House of Assembly]], consists of fifty-two members. As Canada's head of state, [[Queen Elizabeth II]] is the head of Nova Scotia's [[Executive Council]], which serves as the [[Cabinet (government)|Cabinet]] of the provincial government. Her Majesty's duties in Nova Scotia are carried out by her representative, the [[Lieutenant-Governor (Canada)|Lieutenant-Governor]], currently [[Mayann E. Francis]]. The government is headed by the [[Premier]], [[Rodney MacDonald]], who took office [[February 22]], [[2006]]. Halifax is home to the House of Assembly and Lieutenant-Governor. The province's revenue comes mainly from the taxation of personal and corporate income, although taxes on tobacco and alcohol, its stake in the [[Atlantic Lottery Corporation]], and oil and gas royalties are also significant. In 2006-07, the Province passed a budget of $6.9&nbsp;billion, with a projected $72&nbsp;million surplus. Federal equalization payments account for $1.385&nbsp;billion, or 20.07% of the provincial revenue. While Nova Scotians have enjoyed balanced budgets for several years, the accumulated debt exceeds $12&nbsp;billion (including forecasts of future liability, such as pensions and environmental cleanups), resulting in slightly over $897&nbsp;million in debt servicing payments, or 12.67% of expenses.<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www.gov.ns.ca/finance/budget06/2006-2007%20estimates%20book.pdf|format=PDF| author= Government of Nova Scotia | title= Nova Scotia estimates 2006-2007| accessdate=2007-04-26}}{{dead link|url=http://www.gov.ns.ca/finance/budget06/2006-2007%20estimates%20book.pdf|date=April 2009}}</ref> The province participates in the [[Harmonized Sales Tax|HST]], a blended sales tax collected by the federal government using the [[Goods and Services Tax (Canada)|GST]] tax system. Nova Scotia has elected three [[minority government]]s over the last decade. The Progressive Conservative government of [[John Hamm]], and now [[Rodney MacDonald]], has required the support of the [[Nova Scotia New Democratic Party|New Democratic Party]] or [[Liberal Party of Nova Scotia|Liberal Party]] since the election in 2003. Nova Scotia's [[politics]] are divided on regional lines in such a way that it has become difficult to elect a majority government. Rural mainland Nova Scotia has largely been aligned behind the Progressive Conservative Party, Halifax Regional Municipality has overwhelmingly supported the New Democrats, with [[Cape Breton Island|Cape Breton]] voting for Liberals with a few Progressive Conservatives and New Democrats. This has resulted in a three-way split of votes on a province-wide basis for each party and difficulty in any party gaining a majority. Progressive Conservative Premier Dr. Hamm announced his retirement in late 2005 and was replaced by Rodney MacDonald after MacDonald won a closely contested leadership convention, defeating former finance minister, and the race's frontrunner, Neil LeBlanc on the first ballot and Halifax businessman Bill Black on the second. MacDonald is the second-youngest premier in Nova Scotia's history. [[Image:Halifaxnighttime.jpg|left|255px|thumb|Halifax, provincial capital]] The last election on June 13, 2006 elected 23 [[Nova Scotia Progressive Conservative Party|Progressive Conservatives]], 20 [[Nova Scotia New Democratic Party|New Democrats]] and 9 Liberals, leaving Nova Scotia with a Progressive Conservative minority government. Nova Scotia no longer has any incorporated cities; they were amalgamated into [[Regional Municipality|Regional Municipalities]] in 1996. [[City of Halifax|Halifax]], the provincial [[Capital (political)|capital]], is now part of the [[Halifax Regional Municipality]], as is [[Dartmouth, Nova Scotia|Dartmouth]], formerly the province's second largest city. The former city of [[Sydney, Nova Scotia|Sydney]] is now part of the [[Cape Breton Regional Municipality]]. The House of Assembly passed a motion in 2004 inviting the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]] to join the province, should these [[Caribbean islands]] renew their wish to join [[Canada]]. [http://www.canadiancontent.net/commtr/article_676.html]{{dead link|url=http://www.canadiancontent.net/commtr/article_676.html|date=April 2009}} {{seealso|List of Nova Scotia Premiers}} ==Education== [[Image:Nova Scotia from space.jpg|thumb|A satellite photo of Nova Scotia.]] The Minister of Education is responsible for the administration and delivery of education, as defined by the Education Act<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www.gov.ns.ca/legislature/legc/statutes/eductn.htm | title= Education Act | author= Government of Nova Scotia | year=1996 |accessdate=2007-04-26}}</ref> and other acts relating to colleges, universities and private schools. The powers of the Minister and the Department of Education are defined by the Ministerial regulations and constrained by the Governor-In-Council regulations. Nova Scotia has more than 450 public schools for children. The public system offers primary to Grade 12. There are also some private schools in the province. Public education is administered by seven regional school boards, responsible primarily for English instruction and French immersion, and also province-wide by the [[Conseil Scolaire Acadien Provincial]], which administer French instruction to students for whom the primary language is French. The [[Nova Scotia Community College]] system has 13 campuses around the province. The community college, with its focus on training and education, was established in 1988 by amalgamating the province's former vocational schools. The province has 12 universities and colleges, including [[Dalhousie University]], [[University of King's College]], [[Saint Mary's University (Halifax)]], [[Mount Saint Vincent University]], [[Nova Scotia College of Art and Design|NSCAD University]], [[Acadia University]], [[Université Sainte-Anne]], [[Saint Francis Xavier University]], [[Nova Scotia Agricultural College]], [[Cape Breton University]], and the [[Atlantic School of Theology]]. {{anchor|Culture}} ==Culture== [[Image:Lighthouse in Nova Scotia.jpg|thumb|left|The [[lighthouse]] situated on ''Peggys Point'', immediately south of [[Peggys Cove]]]] Despite the small population of the province, Nova Scotia's music and culture is influenced by several well-established cultural groups, that are sometimes referred to as the "founding cultures". Originally populated by the [[Mi'kmaq]] [[First Nation]], the first European settlers were the French, who founded [[Acadia]] in 1604. Nova Scotia was briefly colonized by Scottish settlers in 1620, though by 1624 the Scottish settlers had been removed by treaty and the area was turned over to the French until the mid-18th century. After the defeat of the French and prior expulsion of the Acadians, settlers of English, Irish, Scottish and African descent began arriving on the shores of Nova Scotia. Settlement was greatly accelerated by the resettlement of [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalists]] in Nova Scotia during the period following the end of the [[American Revolutionary War]]. It was during this time that a large [[Black Nova Scotians|African Nova Scotian]] community took root, populated by freed slaves and [[Black Loyalists|Loyalist blacks]] and their families, who had fought for the crown in exchange for land. This community later grew when the [[Royal Navy]] began intercepting [[slave ship]]s destined for the United States, and deposited these free slaves on the shores of Nova Scotia. Later, in the 19th century the [[Irish Famine]] and, especially, the Scottish [[Highland Clearances]] resulted in large influxes of migrants with Celtic cultural roots, which helped to define the dominantly Celtic character of Cape Breton and the north mainland of the province. This Gaelic influence continues to play an important role in defining the cultural life of the province and around 500 - 2000 Nova Scotians today are fluent in [[Scottish Gaelic]]. Nearly all live in Antigonish County or on Cape Breton Island.<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www.gov.ns.ca/nsarm/virtual/gaelic/ | title= Gaelic Resources | author= Nova Scotia Archives | yar= 2006 | month= May | accessdate= 2007-04-26}}</ref><ref> [http://www.gov.ns.ca/oga/aboutgaelic.asp?lang=en Office of Gaelic Affairs]</ref> Modern Nova Scotia is a mix of many cultures. The government works to support Mi'kmaq, French, Gaelic and African-Nova Scotian culture through the establishment of government secretariats, as well as colleges, educational programs and cultural centres. The Province is also eager to attract new immigrants,<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www.novascotiaimmigration.com/ | title= Nova Scotia | author= Nova Scotia Office of Immigration | yar= 2007 | accessdate= 2007-04-26}}</ref> but has had limited success. The major population centres at Halifax and Sydney are the most cosmopolitan, hosting large Arab populations (in the former) and Eastern European populations (in the latter). Halifax Regional Municipality hosts a yearly multicultural festival.<ref>{{Cite web| url= http://www.multifest.ca/ | title= Nova Scotia Multicultural Festival | year= 2007 |accessdate= 2007-04-26}}</ref> ===Arts=== {{Main|Music of Nova Scotia}} Nova Scotia has long been a centre for artistic and cultural excellence. Halifax has emerged as the leading cultural centre in the Atlantic region. The city hosts such institutions such as NSCAD University, one of Canada's leading art, craft and design universities, and the [[Symphony Nova Scotia]], the only full orchestra performing in Atlantic Canada. The province is home to avant-garde visual art and traditional crafting, writing and publishing, and a film industry. Nova Scotia is arguably best known for its music. While popular music from many genres has experienced almost two decades of explosive growth and success in Nova Scotia, the province remains best known for its '''folk and traditional based music.''' Nova Scotia's traditional (or folk) music is Scottish in character, and traditions from Scotland are kept true to form, in some cases more so than in Scotland. This is especially true of the island of Cape Breton, one of the major international centres for [[Celtic music]]. On mainland Nova Scotia, particularly in some of the rural villages throughout [[Guysborough County]], Irish-influenced styles of music are commonly played, due to the predominance of Irish culture in many of the county's villages. ==See also== <div style="-moz-column-count:4; column-count:4;"> *[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Nova Scotia|Wikiproject Nova Scotia]] *[[Portal: Nova Scotia]] *[[Scotia]] *[[List of airports in Nova Scotia]] *[[:Category:Nova Scotia|List of articles on Nova Scotia by topic]] *[[:Category:People from Nova Scotia|List of renowned Nova Scotians]] *[[Canadian Gaelic|The Gaelic Language in Canada]] *[[List of Nova Scotia schools]] *[[Cape Breton Island]] *[[Cape Breton Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia|Cape Breton Regional Municipality]] *[[Halifax Regional Municipality]] *[[Sable Island]] *[[Bay of Fundy]] - renowned for having the world's highest tides *[[Kejimkujik National Park]] *[[List of parks in Nova Scotia]] *[[List of Nova Scotia counties]] *[[List of communities in Nova Scotia]] *[[List of Nova Scotia rivers]] *[[Symbols of Nova Scotia]] *[[Nova Scotia House of Assembly]] *[[List of Nova Scotia lieutenant-governors]] *[[List of Nova Scotia premiers]] *[[List of cities in Canada]] *[[List of Nova Scotia provincial highways]] *[[List of Canadian provincial and territorial symbols]] *[[Sunday shopping]] *[[Same-sex marriage in Nova Scotia]] *[[List of colleges and universities in Nova Scotia]] *[[Petroleum Pricing in Nova Scotia]] *[[Scouting in Nova Scotia]] *[[Emergency Health Services]] in Nova Scotia *[[Central Nova Tourist Association]] *[[Goler clan]] *[[Royal Nova Scotia Yacht Squadron]] </div> ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==Bibliography== ===Surveys=== * Beck, J. Murray. ''The Government of Nova Scotia'' University of Toronto Press, 1957, the standard history * Choyce, Lesley. ''Nova Scotia: Shaped by the Sea. A Living History.'' Toronto: Penguin Books Canada, 1996. 305 pp. * Donovan, Kenneth, ed. ''Cape Breton at 200: Historical Essays in Honour of the Island's Bicentennial, 1785-1985.'' Sydney, N.S.: U. Coll. of Cape Breton Pr., 1985. 261 pp. * Fingard, Judith; Guildford, Janet; and Sutherland, David. ''Halifax: The First 250 Years'' Halifax: Formac, 1999. 192 pp. * Girard, Philip; Phillips, Jim; and Cahill, Barry, ed. ''The Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, 1754-2004: From Imperial Bastion to Provincial Oracle'' U. of Toronto Press 2004. * Johnson, Ralph S. ''Forests of Nova Scotia: A History.'' Tantallon: Nova Scotia Dept. of Lands and Forests; Four East Publ., 1986. 407 pp. * Loomer, L. S. ''Windsor, Nova Scotia: A Journey in History.'' Windsor, N.S.: West Hants Hist. Soc., 1996. 399 pp. * Robertson, Allen B. ''Tide & Timber: Hantsport, Nova Scotia, 1795-1995.'' Hantsport, N.S.: Lancelot, 1996. 182 pp. * Robertson, Barbara R. ''Sawpower: Making Lumber in the Sawmills of Nova Scotia.'' Halifax: Nimbus; Nova Scotia Mus., 1986. 244 pp. ===Since 1900=== * Beck, J. Murray. ''Politics of Nova Scotia. vol 2: 1896-1988.'' Tantallon, N.S.: Four East 1985 438 pp. * Bickerton, James P. ''Nova Scotia, Ottawa and the Politics of Regional Development.'' U. of Toronto Press 1990. 412 pp. * Creighton, Wilfred. ''Forestkeeping: A History of the Department of Lands and Forests in Nova Scotia, 1926-1969.'' Halifax: Nova Scotia Dept. of Lands and Forests, 1988. 155 pp. * Earle, Michael, ed. ''Workers and the State in Twentieth Century Nova Scotia.'' Fredericton: Acadiensis, 1989. * Frank, David. ''J. B. McLachlan: A Biography - the Story of a Legendary Labour Leader and the Cape Breton Coal Miners.'' Toronto: Lorimer, 1999. 592 pp. * Fraser, Dawn. ''Echoes from Labor's Wars: The Expanded Edition, Industrial Cape Breton in the 1920s, Echoes of World War One, Autobiography and Other Writings.'' Wreck Cove, N.S.: Breton Books, 1992. 177 pp. * McKay, Ian. ''The Quest of the Folk: Antimodernism and Cultural Selection in Twentieth-Century Nova Scotia.'' McGill-Queen's U. Pr., 1994. 371 pp. * McKay, Ian. ''The Craft Transformed: An Essay on the Carpenters of Halifax, 1885-1985.'' Halifax, N.S.: Holdfast, 1985. 148 pp. * March, William DesB. ''Red Line: The Chronicle-Herald and Mail-Star, 1875-1954.'' Halifax, N.S.: Chebucto Agencies, 1986. 415 pp. * Morton, Suzanne. ''Ideal Surroundings: Domestic Life in a Working-Class Suburb in the 1920s.'' U. of Toronto Pr., 1995. 201 pp. about Richmond Heights * Sandberg, L. Anders and Clancy, Peter. ''Against the Grain: Foresters and Politics in Nova Scotia.'' U. of British Columbia Pr., 2000. 352 pp. * Sandberg, L. Anders, ed. ''Trouble in the Woods: Forest Policy and Social Conflict in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.'' Fredericton, N.B.: Acadiensis, 1992. 234 pp. ===Pre 1900=== * Beck, J. Murray. '' Joseph Howe Volumes I & II : Conservative Reformer 1804-1848; The Briton Becomes Canadian 1848-1873'' (1984) * Beck, J. Murray. ''Politics of Nova Scotia. vol 1 1710-1896'' Tantallon, N.S.: Four East 1985 438 pp. * Bell, Winthrop P. ''The "Foreign Protestants" and the Settlement of Nova Scotia: The History of a Piece of Arrested British Colonial Policy in the Eighteenth Century.'' (1961). reprint Fredericton, N.B.: Acadiensis for Mount Allison U., Cen. for Can. Studies, 1990. 673 pp. * Brebner, John Bartlet. ''New England's Outpost. Acadia before the Conquest of Canada'' (1927) * Brebner, John Bartlet. ''The Neutral Yankees of Nova Scotia: A Marginal Colony During the Revolutionary Years'' (1937) * Byers, Mary and McBurney, Margaret. ''Atlantic Hearth: Early Homes and Families of Nova Scotia.'' U. of Toronto Press, 1994. 364 pp. * Campey, Lucille H. ''After the Hector: The Scottish Pioneers of Nova Scotia and Cape Breton'' Toronto: Natural Heritage Books, 2004. 376 pp. * J. A. Chisholm, ed. ''Speeches and Public Letters of Joseph Howe'' 2 vol Halifax, 1909 * Conrad, Margaret and Moody, Barry, ed. ''Planter Links: Community and Culture in Colonial Nova Scotia.'' Fredericton, : Acadiensis, 2001. 236 pp. * Conrad, Margaret, ed. ''Intimate Relations: Family and Community in Planter Nova Scotia, 1759-1800.'' Fredericton, : Acadiensis, 1995. 298 pp. * Conrad, Margaret, ed. ''Making Adjustments: Change and Continuity in Planter Nova Scotia, 1759-1800.'' Fredericton: Acadiensis, 1991. 280 pp. * Cuthbertson, Brian. ''Johnny Bluenose at the Polls: Epic Nova Scotian Election Battles, 1758-1848.'' Halifax: Formac, 1994. 344 pp. * Donald A. Desserud; "Outpost's Response: The Language and Politics of Moderation in Eighteenth-Century Nova Scotia" [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002307961 ''American Review of Canadian Studies,'' Vol. 29, 1999 online] * Faragher, John Mack. ''A Great and Noble Scheme: The Tragic Story of the Expulsion of the French Acadians from Their American Homeland'' (2006) * Frost, James D. ''Merchant Princes: Halifax's First Family of Finance, Ships, and Steel'' Toronto: Lorimer, 2003. 376 pp. * Gwyn, Julian. ''Excessive Expectations: Maritime Commerce and the Economic Development of Nova Scotia, 1740-1870'' McGill-Queen's U. Pr., 1998. 291 pp. * Hornsby, Stephen J. ''Nineteenth-Century Cape Breton: A Historical Geography.'' McGill-Queen's U. Pr., 1992. 274 pp. * Johnston, A. J. B. ''Control and Order in French Colonial Louisbourg, 1713-1758.'' Michigan State U. Pr., 2001. 346 pp. * Krause, Eric; Corbin, Carol; and O'Shea, William, ed. ''Aspects of Louisbourg: Essays on the History of an Eighteenth-Century French Community in North America.'' Sydney, N.S.: U. Coll. of Cape Breton Pr., 1995. 312 pp. * Lanctôt, Léopold. ''L'Acadie des Origines, 1603-1771'' Montreal: Fleuve, 1988. 234 pp. * McKay, Ian. ''The Craft Transformed: An Essay on the Carpenters of Halifax, 1885-1985.'' Halifax, N.S.: Holdfast, 1985. 148 pp. * MacKinnon, Neil. ''This Unfriendly Soil: The Loyalist Experience in Nova Scotia, 1783-1791.'' McGill-Queen's U. Pr., 1986. 231 pp. * Mancke, Elizabeth. ''The Fault Lines of Empire: Political Differentiation in Massachusetts and Nova Scotia, ca. 1760-1830'' [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=109185194 Routledge, 2005. 214 pp. online] * Marble, Allan Everett. ''Surgeons, Smallpox, and the Poor: A History of Medicine and Social Conditions in Nova Scotia, 1749-1799.'' McGill-Queen's U. Pr., 1993. 356 pp. * Pryke, Kenneth G. ''Nova Scotia and Confederation, 1864-74'' (1979) (ISBN 0-8020-5389-0) * Reid, John G. et al. ''The "Conquest" of Acadia, 1710: Imperial, Colonial, and Aboriginal Constructions.'' U. of Toronto Pr., 2004. 297 pp. * Waite, P. B. ''The Lives of Dalhousie University. Vol. 1: 1818-1925, Lord Dalhousie's College.'' McGill-Queen's U. Pr., 1994. 338 pp. * Walker, James W. St. G. ''The Black Loyalists: The Search for a Promised Land in Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone, 1783-1870.'' (1976). reprint U. of Toronto Pr., 1992. 438 pp * Whitelaw, William Menzies; ''The Maritimes and Canada before Confederation'' [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=900720 (1934) online] ==External links== {{Commonscat|Nova Scotia}} ;Official links *[http://www.gov.ns.ca/ Government of Nova Scotia] *[http://www.novascotialife.com/ Nova Scotia - ''Come To life'' (Main gateway website for tourism, immigration, business, etc. links)] *[http://novascotia.com/ Tourism Nova Scotia] *[http://parks.gov.ns.ca/ Nova Scotia Provincial Parks] ;Other links *[http://www.maritimetourism.ca/ Maritime Tourism] *[http://www.coastalcommunities.ns.ca/ Coastal Communities Network] current issues and community profiles, coastal information, community development *[http://ns1763.ca/remem/countymon.html Photographs of War Memorials & Historic Monuments in Nova Scotia] *[http://www.panomaster.com/gallery.html 360x180° Spherical Panoramic Images of Nova Scotia] *[http://alts.net/ns1625/histindx.html Little-Known Portions of Nova Scotia History] {{Subdivisions of Nova Scotia}} {{Provinces and territories of Canada}} {{Template group |title = History |list = {{Portuguese overseas empire}} }} [[Category:Nova Scotia| ]] [[Category:Provinces and territories of Canada]] [[Category:Former British colonies]] [[Category:British North America]] [[Category:Former Scottish colonies]] [[Category:Acadia]] [[Category:States and territories established in 1867]] [[af:Nova Scotia]] [[ang:Nīƿe Scotland]] [[ar:نوفا سكوشيا]] [[arc:ܢܘܒܐ ܣܩܘܛܝܐ]] [[az:Yeni Şotlandiya]] [[zh-min-nan:Nova Scotia]] [[bs:Nova Scotia]] [[br:Skos Nevez]] [[bg:Нова Скотия]] [[ca:Nova Escòcia]] [[cs:Nové Skotsko]] [[cy:Nova Scotia]] [[da:Nova Scotia]] [[pdc:Nei-Schottland]] [[de:Nova Scotia]] [[et:Nova Scotia]] [[el:Νέα Σκωτία]] [[es:Nueva Escocia]] [[eo:Nov-Skotio]] [[eu:Eskozia Berria]] [[fa:نوا اسکوشیا]] [[fr:Nouvelle-Écosse]] [[fy:Nij Skotlân]] [[ga:Albain Nua]] [[gv:Nalbin Noa]] [[gd:Alba Nuadh]] [[gl:Nova Escocia]] [[ko:노바스코샤 주]] [[io:Nova Skotia]] [[id:Nova Scotia]] [[os:Ног Шотланди]] [[is:Nýja-Skotland]] [[it:Nuova Scozia]] [[he:נובה סקוטיה]] [[pam:Nova Scotia]] [[ka:ახალი შოტლანდია]] [[kw:Alban Nowydh]] [[la:Nova Scotia]] [[lt:Naujoji Škotija]] [[lij:Neuva Scossia]] [[hu:Új-Skócia]] [[mk:Нова Шкотска]] [[mr:नोव्हा स्कॉशिया]] [[mn:Нова Скотиа]] [[nl:Nova Scotia]] [[ja:ノバスコシア州]] [[no:Nova Scotia]] [[nn:Nova Scotia]] [[oc:Nòva Escòcia]] [[pms:Neuva Scòssia]] [[pl:Nowa Szkocja]] [[pt:Nova Escócia]] [[ro:Nova Scoţia]] [[ru:Новая Шотландия]] [[simple:Nova Scotia]] [[sk:Nové Škótsko]] [[sr:Нова Шкотска]] [[fi:Nova Scotia]] [[sv:Nova Scotia]] [[ta:நோவா ஸ்கோசியா]] [[tr:Yeni İskoçya]] [[uk:Нова Шотландія]] [[ug:Nowa Skotiye Ölkisi]] [[vi:Nova Scotia]] [[vo:Nova Scotia]] [[fiu-vro:Nova Scotia]] [[war:Nova Scotia]] [[bat-smg:Naujuojė Škuotėjė]] [[zh:新斯科舍]]'