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'{{Redirect|Timp}} {{Infobox mountain | name = Mount Timpanogos | photo = Mount Timpanogos at sunset.jpg | photo_caption = Mt. Timpanogos at sunset | elevation_ft = 11752 | elevation_ref = <ref name="peaklist">[http://peaklist.org/USlists/USP5000.html "America's 57 - the Ultras"]. Peaklist.org. Retrieved 2013-01-31.</ref> | prominence_ft = 5270 | prominence_ref = <ref name="peaklist"/> | listing = [[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]] | location = [[Utah County, Utah|Utah County]], [[Utah|Utah, U.S.]] | range = [[Wasatch Range]] | map = USA Utah | map_caption = Utah, U.S. | label_position = | map_size = 250 | lat_d = 40 | lat_m = 23 | lat_s = 27.01 | lat_NS = N | long_d = 111 | long_m = 38 | long_s = 45.40 | long_EW = W | coordinates_ref = | region = US-UT | topo = [[United States Geological Survey|USGS]] Timpanogos | first_ascent = }} '''Mount Timpanogos''', sometimes informally referred to as '''Timp''', is the second highest [[mountain]] in [[Utah]]'s [[Wasatch Range]]. Timpanogos rises to an elevation of {{convert|11752|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} above sea level in the [[Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest]]. With 5,270 feet of [[topographic prominence]], Timpanogos is the 47th-most prominent mountain in the [[contiguous United States]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=41203 |title=USA Lower 48 Peaks with 5000 feet of Prominence - Peakbagger.com |publisher=www.peakbagger.com |accessdate=2009-02-08}}</ref> The mountain towers over [[Utah Valley]], including the cities of Lehi, [[Provo, Utah|Provo]], [[Orem, Utah|Orem]], [[Pleasant Grove, Utah|Pleasant Grove]], [[American Fork, Utah|American Fork]], [[Lindon, Utah|Lindon]] and others. The exposed portion of the mountain is made up entirely of [[limestone]] and [[dolomite]] from the Pennsylvanian period, and is about 300 million years old. Heavy winter snowfall is characteristic of this portion of the Wasatch Range, and avalanche activity is common in winter and spring. The mountain is also home to [[Timpanogos Cave National Monument]], a series of decorated caves in the north end of the mountain that have guided ranger tours open daily to the public during the warmer months. The word Timpanogos comes from the [[Timpanogots]] tribe who lived in the surrounding valleys from AD 1400. The name translates as "rock" (''tumpi-''), and "water mouth" or "canyon" (''panogos'').<ref>http://www.nps.gov/tica/faqs.htm</ref> == Glacial activity == {{technical|section|date=April 2014}} [[File:Mt. Timpanogos (2007).jpg|left|300px|thumb|Mount Timpanogos is visible from much of Utah County.]] Mount Timpanogos displays many examples of various glacial processes and the sculpting power of moving ice. Ice Age glaciers mantled the peak until relatively recently, and dramatically shaped the mountain into an Alpine tableau of knife-edge ridges and yawning, U-shaped amphitheaters. A remnant of these glaciers persists in the deeply recessed hanging valley below the main summit. [[Timpanogos Glacier]] is a rock-covered mass found on a long, north-facing slope, and usually has patches of snow the entire year. Although an above ground [[cirque glacier]] was present before the Dust Bowl Drought of the 1930s, no glacial ice is visible today. However, in 1994, a large crevasse opened up, revealing that there still is a glacier buried beneath the talus. Flowing water can occasionally be heard beneath the rocks. Emerald lake, a small [[proglacial lake]] at the bottom of the [[cirque]], often exhibits a blue color, indicating that the glacier is probably still moving, although perhaps too slowly to be noticeable. The locally unique ice is a relic of the region's formerly colder climate and has long been a major attraction to hikers and climbers on the mountain, who often slide down its permanent snowfield as a shorter descent route. Its precise classification remains the subject of spirited ongoing debate, whether "real" or not.<ref>http://www.summitpost.org/100-years-on-the-timpanogos-glacier/186144</ref> {{-}} ==Hiking== [[File:Mount Timpanogos B-25 crash site engine 2.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Radial Engine from 1955 B-25 crash site. Mount Timpanogos in background.]] [[File:Mount Timpanogos, UT.jpg|thumb|300px|right|View of Mount Timpanogos from Timpooneke trail]] Mount Timpanogos is one of Utah's most popular [[hiking]]/[[climbing]] destinations and is climbed year round. Winter climbing requires advanced mountaineering ability. In spring, undercutting of deeply drifted snow by streams creates a hazard that has proven fatal on more than one occasion. Climbers can fall through the undermined snow fifty feet or more into the icy stream underneath. Although it is a 14-mile round-trip hike, with almost a mile of elevation gain, Timp's summit is one of the most-visited in the [[Rocky Mountains]]. There are two main trails to the top: the first starts at Aspen Grove with a trailhead elevation of 6,910 feet (2,106 meters), and the second starts at the Timpooneke campground in [[American Fork Canyon]] at 7,370 feet (2,185 meters). The two trails are nearly the same length. Hikers on the trails climb through montane [[forest]], [[subalpine]] and [[Alpine climate|alpine]] zones. The hike is marked by waterfalls, [[conifers]], rocky slopes and ridges, [[mountain goats]], and a small lake, [[Emerald Lake (Utah)|Emerald Lake]], at 10,380 feet (3,164 m). A short diversion will lead hikers past a World War II bomber crash site. Other climbing routes exist on the mountain, but they are more technically demanding and require special skills and [[mountaineering]] gear. [[File:Alpine Loop 2007 006.JPG|thumb|300px|left|East side of Timpanogos as seen from the Alpine Loop.]] [[File:Mt Timpanogos s2000.jpg|right|300px|thumb|The east side of Timpanogos as seen from Silver Glance Lake.]] Prior to 1970, an annual Provo event called the "Timp Hike" sent thousands of people up the mountain's slopes. From 1911 to 1970 this one-day event (which took place generally on the third or fourth weekend in July) attracted thousands of people to the mountain. It also created the need for infrastructure, such as the stone shelter built in 1959 near Emerald Lake and a smaller metal shack on the summit (this was used as an [[observation deck]] complete with brass rods etched with notches aligned with various landmarks). The hike caused environmental damage to the mountain, and was finally canceled to help preserve the delicate mountain ecosystem. Despite the presence of the existing structures, the mountain was designated a [[U.S. Wilderness Area|wilderness area]] by the U.S. Congress in 1984. {{-}} == Hazards == Since 1982 the Timpanogos Emergency Response Team ("TERT") has been established on the mountain on weekends to provide first aid, rescue and communication.[http://www.tert.org]. The Timp Glacier is one of the major sources of injury or death to hikers on Timp, particularly when some attempt to "glissade" (or slide rapidly) down the snowfield's surface with the assistance of a shovel or other device to save time descending. There have been many cases of injuries from buried rocks under the snow as well. There have been numerous [[Intermountain Healthcare#Life Flight|life flight]] rescues on the mountain, often caused by this activity. The frequency of these rescues, however, greatly diminished once TERT was established. {{Wide image|Mt Timpanogos panaramic.jpg|1500px|View from the top of Mount Timpanogos on 25 July 2005}} ==Folklore== In the early 1900s [[Eugene Lusk "Timp" Roberts]], a professor at Brigham Young University initiated an annual hike and pageant intended to "sell Timpanogos to the world."<ref>[http://magazine.byu.edu/?act=view&a=304 Timp Roberts<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> one way was to craft his take on native peoples folklore.<ref>http://www.nps.gov/tica/historyculture/the-legend-of-timpanogos.htm</ref> When viewed from Heber Valley to the northeast, Mount Timpanogos superficially resembles a sleeping woman. Roberts wrote his folk tale of the maiden Utina and her sacrifice to her gods with this as the launch point , with one version the basis for a ballet.<ref>[http://newsnet.byu.edu/story.cfm/49675 BYU NewsNet - Timpanogos legend comes to stage<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> [[File:Mount Timpanogos 995 px.jpg|frame|center|alt=A West-Frontal View of Mount Timpanogos|Mount Timpanogos as seen from [[Lindon, Utah]].]] ==See also== * [[Mountain peaks of North America]] * [[Mountain peaks of the Rocky Mountains]] * [[Mountain peaks of the United States]] * [[List of Ultras of North America]] * [[List of Ultras of the United States]] * [[Timpanogos Cave National Monument]] * [[Mount Timpanogos Wilderness]] ==Notes== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.summitpost.org/view_object.php?object_id=151365 Summitpost page for Mount Timpanogos] - hiking and climbing routes, history, etc. * [http://traveltoms.com/timpooneke-trail/ Hiking guide for Mount Timpanogos] {{DEFAULTSORT:Timpanogos, Mount}} [[Category:Mountains of Utah]] [[Category:Landforms of Utah County, Utah]] [[Category:Visitor attractions in Utah County, Utah]] [[Category:Uinta National Forest]] [[Category:Wasatch Range]]'