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2024 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence

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See also: 2024 Bangladesh post-resignation violence
Part of a series on
Violence against Hindus
in East Pakistan
and Bangladesh
Issues
Incidents after 1947 - East Pakistan
Incidents in 1971
Incidents after 1971 - Bangladesh

Following the fall of the Awami League government on August 5, 2024, attacks began on the homes, businesses, and places of worship of the Hindu community in Bangladesh. [1] The Hindu Buddhist Christian Unity Council reported that from August 4 to August 20, a total of 1,860 incidents (including 63 temples) of attacks on Hindus took place across the country within this 16-day period. Among the incidents, 157 families were violently ransacked, looted, and set ablaze, their businesses razed to the ground.[2] Attacks are currently ongoing.

Background

The 2024 Bangladesh quota reform movement, also known as the July Revolution, was a series of anti-government and pro-democracy protests in Bangladesh, spearheaded primarily by university students. Initially focused on restructuring quota-based systems for government job recruitment, the movement expanded against what many perceive as an authoritarian government when they carried out the July massacre of protestors and civilians, most of whom were students.

The protest began in June 2024, in response to the Supreme Court of Bangladesh reinstating a 30% quota for descendants of freedom fighters, reversing the government decision made in response to the 2018 Bangladesh quota reform movement. Students began to feel like they have a limited opportunity based on merit. The protest quickly spread throughout the entire country because of the government's violent response, as well as growing public dissatisfaction against an oppressive government. The situation was further complicated by many other ongoing issues, like the government's inability to manage a prolonged economic downturn, reports of rampant corruption and human rights violations, and the absence of democratic channels for initiating changes. [3][4][5][6]

The Awami League government and Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina have suggested that political opponents have co-opted the protest. Despite the curfew restrictions the movement remained ongoing as it expanded its demands to resignation of Prime Minister Hasina. The long march of crowded people to Ganabhaban forced her to resign. She, along with her sister Sheikh Rehana, then fled the country to India via military on 5 August 2024.[7]

The population of Hindus in Bangladesh has declined from 22% in 1971 to 7.5% in 2023. Sheikh Hasina seen as a secular or moderate leader of Bangladesh. Due to its nominal avowal of secularism, Bangladesh's religious minorities, most notably Hindus tended to favor the Awami League.

Attacks

Following Hasina's departure, a series of communal attacks were reported, particularly targeting Hindus in Bangladesh. These incidents included attacks on temples, houses, and shops belonging to minority communities, as well as reports of looting and murder across several districts in the country.[8]

Local news reports indicate that the majority of the attacks occurred in the southwestern division of Khulna, where at least 295 homes and businesses belonging to minority communities were destroyed. In addition, 219 structures were damaged in Rangpur, 183 in Mymensingh, 155 in Rajshahi, 79 in Dhaka, 68 in Barishal, 45 in Chattogram, and 25 in Sylhet. The extent of the damage varied, with some areas experiencing severe destruction, while others sustained less significant harm. [9]

Investigations conducted by Prothom Alo correspondents across 64 districts and 67 upazilas between 5 August and 20 August revealed that attacks on the minority community occurred in 49 districts. Two members of the Hindu community were killed in the violence, and a total of 912 attacks were documented. Correspondents from Prothom Alo personally observed 546 damaged houses and businesses, accounting for 51 percent of the total damaged structures.[9]

Khulna Division

The highest number of attacks occurred in the Khulna Division, with Khulna district recording the most damage, where 74 houses and businesses were destroyed. Significant numbers of minorities were also attacked in Jashore, Satkhira, and Magura.[9]

On the night of 5 August, an attack was launched on Bejpara, a neighborhood in Jashore town where at least 200 Hindu families reside. According to local residents, around 9:15 PM, a group of 20 to 25 individuals armed with cleavers and sticks attacked the area, damaging and looting houses.[9]

On 6 August, a retired school teacher, Mrinal Kanti Chatterjee, was killed, and his wife and daughter were injured at their home in Bagerhat Sadar Upazila.[10] In Jashore, 50 Hindu houses were attacked, torched, looted, and robbed at various locations.[10] In Meherpur, nine Hindu houses were attacked, including one belonging to an Awami League leader.[10]

Several thousand people vandalized at least 25 shops and looted goods in Narkelbaria Bazar of Bagharpara Upazila. The house of Narkelbaria Union Parishad Chairman Bablu Kumar Saha was also attacked. Subsequently, 10-12 individuals armed with machetes and locally made weapons entered the house of Liton Kundu in Narkelbaria village. They held the occupants hostage and stole three bhoris of gold and Tk 2,700.[10]

Narkelbaria Union Parishad Chairman Bablu Kumar Saha stated that members of the Hindu community now feel insecure in the area.

Twenty to twenty-five Hindu houses were vandalized and looted in five villages of Dhalgram Union Parishad in Bagharpara Upazila in four phases. Attacks and vandalism also occurred in Natumgram, Sultannagar, Amrojhuta village, and Khatuadanga Bazar in Monirumpur Upazila, as well as in Payra Union and Dhopadi villages in Abhaynagar Upazila.[10]

Reports indicate that religious centers associated with the Hindu movement ISKCON and temples dedicated to the goddess Kali were also targeted. According to Yudhistir Govinda Das, ISKCON's spokesperson in India, 'One of our ISKCON centers (rented) in Meherpur (Khulna Division) was burned, including the deities of Lord Jagannath, Baladev, and Subhadra Devi. Three devotees residing at the center managed to escape and survive.' This statement was made in a post on X (formerly Twitter).[11][12]

Miscreants looted homes and businesses belonging to minorities in Koyra Upazila of Khulna District.[10]

On 4 September, a 15-year-old Hindu boy, Utsab Mandal, was attacked by a mob of 3,000 to 5,000 people inside a police station in Khulna over allegations of blasphemy. The boy was accused of making a disrespectful comment about Prophet Muhammad. Around 8 PM, students from Khulna's Azam Khan Government Commerce College brought Mandal to the office of the Deputy Commissioner of Khulna Metropolitan Police (South). A large mob gathered, demanding that the boy be handed over to them and surrounded the office, calling for immediate justice.

Deputy Police Commissioner Tazul Islam attempted to intervene as the mob began assaulting the boy but was unsuccessful. The army eventually intervened and dispersed the crowd. To placate the mob, police reportedly declared the boy dead. Announcements were made from loudspeakers at nearby mosques, stating that the Hindu youth had died, which led to the mob retreating.

The incident occurred in the presence of police, army, and navy personnel. Later, the Directorate of Inter Services Public Relations (ISPR) issued a statement confirming that Utsab Mandal was being treated in a hospital under army supervision and was reported to be out of danger.[13] [14] [15]

Since Wednesday, multiple temples in Dacope Upazila of Khulna have repeatedly received anonymous letters via mail addressed to the temple's Puja celebration committees. The letters state, "To celebrate Durga Puja, each temple must pay a donation of five lakh taka." Along with this, the letters issue a chilling threat: anyone who informs the authorities or the press will be killed. The committee has decided to cancel the Durga Puja. The content of the letters sent to the three temples is almost identical.[16]

The local Muslims of Gopalpur, Maheshpur Upazila are trying to seize 207 decimals of land, inherited by Bharat Das and his brother Shambhu Das. Bharat Das reported that on Thursday, Babul Hossain, Ikramul, Bipul, Khaled Hossain, Jinnah, and several others damaged the crops on the land. Bharat Das further mentioned that they have been cultivating that land since birth. But now they are being threatened with murder and other forms of intimidation if they attempt to go to their land. [17]

Rangpur Division

The second largest number of attacks occurred in Rangpur Division. The minority communities in Thakurgaon, Lalmonirhat, and Panchagarh districts within this division were particularly targeted.

On 4 August, Kajal Roy, a Hindu councilor from the Awami League in Rangpur, was killed along with his nephew. Properties, houses, and temples belonging to the Hindu community were burned, looted, or vandalized.[8][18] According to The Daily Star, Haradhan Roy of the Parshuram Thana Awami League was shot dead. Additionally, CNN-News 18 reported that Haradhan's nephew was lynched by the mob.[12]

In various areas of Thakurgaon district, 78 houses and business establishments belonging to the minority community were vandalized and set on fire.[9]

On September 17, 2024, a 16-year-old schoolgirl was reportedly abducted from her home in Kurigram, Rangpur Division, Bangladesh. The alleged abductor, Ratan Mia, is said to have kidnapped the girl after she rejected his advances. According to reports, Mia and several accomplices threatened the girl's family before the abduction. A complaint was filed by the family, and local authorities are investigating the incident, though the victim had not yet been located at the time of reporting. The case has raised concerns within the local community.[19]

Mymensingh Division

The third highest level of damage was inflicted on houses, business establishments, and places of worship in Mymensingh Division. Most of these attacks occurred in Netrakona and Mymensingh districts, with numerous incidents also reported in Sherpur and Jamalpur.[9]

At least 19 shops belonging to the Hindu community, including Gayanath Mishtanna Bhandar, Durga Mishtanna Bhandar, and Uttara Hotel, were looted and vandalized in Netrakona town.[9]

Avirup Sarkar is a Bangladeshi Hindu. In his country, as many as 90 percent of the population are Muslims. His cousin, a widow, lives in a large joint family house in a mixed neighborhood in Netrokona, a district around 100 km (62 miles) north of Dhaka famous for its network of rivers.

'She sounded terrified. She said the house had been attacked and plundered by a mob,' Mr Sarkar-a social protection specialist-told the BBC.

His cousin, in his complaint to police, said that almost 100 people entered theur house armed with sticks, smashing up the furniture, television, bathroom fittings and doors. They took all the cash and jewellery but did not harm any of the approximately 18 residents including several children from seven families who stayed there before leaving.

While retreating with the spoils, the mob shouted, 'You people are descendants of the Awami League! Because of you this country is in a bad shape. You should leave the country.' [20]

On August 6th, BNP leader (Jubo Dol) Kabirul Islam took control of five business establishments owned by Hindus in Dobaura. One of the victims, Atul Sarkar, stated that they had been running their businesses since 1997. After the fall of the Awami League government on August 5th, their business establishments were seized on August 6th.[21]

Chittagong Division

Mobs in Hatiya Upazila of Noakhali district attacked three houses and four businesses belonging to Hindus.[10]

In Chandpur District, the homes of school principals Ratan Kumar Mazumder in Chandpur town and Haripad Das in Faridganj Upazila were attacked.[10]

On 6 September, one day before Ganesh Chaturthi, Hindu devotees transporting an idol of Lord Ganesha were attacked in Chitagong. According to eyewitness reports, members of the Batargalli Dhwapara Sarbajanin Puja Committee poured hot water on the devotees as they passed beneath the Kadam Mubarak Mosque, and bricks were thrown at the devotees.[22][23][24]

Additionally, there were reports of attacks on Hindu homes in a village near Chattogram, according to witnesses and the relatives of those affected.[8]

Dhaka Division

More than 100 individuals attacked a Hindu's residence in Dhamrai upazila.[10] In Madhukhali Upazila of Faridpur District, miscreants targeted several homes and businesses, damaged a Kali temple, and assaulted a Hindu homeopathy doctor. Additionally, two Hindu-owned shops were looted in Sadarpur Upazila.[25] In Shariatpur, miscreants destroyed the Dhakua Manasa Bari temple and attempted to attack Hindu homes, but the assault was thwarted by the arrival of the Army.[26]

On 30 August, in Kaliakair Upazila of Gazipur, there was an attempt to seize a nearly 50-year-old temple and Hindu land. BNP leader Lebu Mia, accompanied by 50-60 hired thugs, attacked and vandalized the ‘Radhagobind Loknath Natmandir’. When the Hindu community attempted to resist, they were also assaulted, resulting in 10-12 injuries. Additionally, there was an attack on a house within the temple complex. Regarding this incident, Kaliakair Upazila Executive Officer (UNO) Kawsar Ahmed stated that the army and police were promptly notified of the attack on the temple.[27][28]

In Dhaka's Dhanmondi, the home of Rahul Ananda, the frontman of the band Joler Gaan, was set on fire and completely destroyed. According to a close family source quoted by The Daily Star, 'As soon as they broke down the gate, they started ravaging the house, taking whatever they could find for themselves. They took everything—from furniture and mirrors to valuables. After that, they torched the whole house along with Rahul da's musical instruments.' The residence, which was nearly 140 years old, housed over 3,000 musical instruments designed and made by Rahul Ananda, all of which were destroyed in the fire.[29]

Barisal Division

On Monday evening, the residence of Ananta Mukherjee, joint general secretary of the Awami League's Kuakata municipality unit in Patuakhali, was attacked. Additionally, a nearby temple was also targeted during the same incident.

The residence of Kalapara mayor Bipul Chandra was attacked around 5:00 pm.[10] In Gournadi Upazila of Barisal District, miscreants looted a Hindu-owned clothing store and assaulted a Hindu school teacher in her home. Additionally, arsonists attempted to set fire to the home of a prominent Hindu businessman in Barisal city, but the attempt was thwarted by local residents.[26]

On September 15th, eight idols under construction at Hari Temple in Bhanga Upazila of Faridpur were vandalized. Swapan Chandra Saha, head of the Bhanga Puja Committee, yold reporters,'Various parts of a total of eight idols, including Kartik, Arjun, and Ganesh, at Hari Temple have been vandalized. [30]

Rajshahi Division

In Natore district, miscreants vandalized and looted six houses as well as the Jotdaiboki Shib and Kali Temple, which belong to the Hindu community.[10]

In Bochaganj Upazila, Dinajpur district, at least 40 shops belonging to minority communities were looted. Uttam Roy, general secretary of the District Puja Celebration Council, reported to Prothom Alo that 10-15 houses were vandalized and looted across the district, and that threats were being issued door to door.[10]

In Rajshahi, members of the ethnic community were also targeted. On 5 August, an attack occurred in Pyarpur village, Mohanpur Upazila, within the district.[9]

On 7 August, Hindu houses, businesses, and temples were attacked in Chirirbandar, Parbatipur, and Birampur Upazilas in Dinajpur District.

On 24 August, three temples in Bagha, Rajshahi, were attacked. Items and idols in the temples located in Pakuria Palpara, Ghoshpara of Pakuria Union, and Kaligram of Bagha Municipality were vandalized.[31] Additionally, there have been allegations of abduction and assault of Hindu women.[32]

Sylhet Division

A local group led by Abdul Wahed has demolished part of the house of renowned geographer and traveler Ramnath Biswas in Baniachong Upazila, Habiganj. Abdul Wahed had been attempting to seize the property for an extended period. Ramnath Biswas gained fame in the subcontinent for his travels across four continents from 1931 to 1940.[33]

On the night of 1 September, a community temple in Vayadanga Bazaar, Ranisimul Union, Sreebardi Upazila, Sherpur District, was vandalized, with idols being damaged. Although petrol was sprayed after the vandalism, the intervention of police and army personnel prevented the fire from being ignited.[34][35]

Reactions

Domestic

Attacks, vandalism and looting of Bangladeshi minority homes, temples, business establishments protest protest, Rangpur
Hindu community demonstrating at Shahbagh, Dhaka

The looting and fear of looting of Hindu houses has caused Hindus to attempt to flee. On 7 August, around 700-800 Hindus in Thakurgaon district attempted to leave Bangladesh for India but were stopped by India's Border Security Force (BSF) and returned after promises of safety from Bangladeshi authorities. Later on 8 August, video footage showed 300 Hindus at a border post across from West Bengal's Jalpaiguri district attempting to flee to India who were later dispersed by BSF personnel.[36] On 10 August, another 500-600 Hindus gathered at the border in Hatibandha Upazila of Lalmonirhat district attempting to flee into India but were stopped by Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB).[37][38]

Starting on 9 August Hindu organisations led protests across Bangladesh against the violence. Large protests took place in Shahbag in Dhaka for two consecutive days.[39] On 10 August a large rally took place in Chittagong to call for an end to the violence.[40] On 11 August further protests were reported from Tangail,[41] Jamalpur,[42] Moulvibazar,[43] and Bogra.[44] The demonstrators demanded action against the attackers of Hindu temples and properties as well as a 10% for minority communities in seats of the Jatiya Sangsad, formating of foundations for minority religions, return of property seized under the Vested Property Act and a five-day holiday for Durga Puja.[39]

There were also some instances reported of students and members of the Muslim community, including BNP activists and madrasa students standing guard at temples and churches.[45][46][36] The coordinators of the Anti-discrimination Students Movement distanced themselves from the attacks and pleaded with the people not to carry out such attacks.[47] On 13 August, Muhammad Yunus, Chief Adviser of the Interim Government, visited the Dhakeshwari Temple to reassure Hindus that they are equal citizens in Bangladesh.[48]

Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami (BJI) has condemned the attack against Hindus, saying there is nothing called majority or minority and that every citizen has equal rights.

Bangladesh interim govt head Muhammad Yunus says attacks on minority Hindus has been “exaggerated.” He also said that the attacks on minorities in Bangladesh is more political than communal, reported PTI.

International

Governments

  • India India's Foreign Minister S Jaishankar told parliament: "What was particularly worrying was that minorities, their businesses and temples also came under attack at multiple locations. The full extent of this is still not clear."
  • Australia Australian Minister for Climate Change and Energy Chris Bowen also expressed concern for the situation in Bangladesh, pointing out the violence and challenges ethnic and religious minorities go through. "As I said at the outset, all violence to all Bangladeshis is to be deplored", Bowen said in a session at the Australian Parliament on September 10th. Bowen cited reports of widespread damage, looting and attacks, including 725 homes and business houses damaged, 724 looted, 58 set on fire and damage to 17 places of worship, with 21 looted. [49]
  • United States Two US lawmakers Congressmen Shri Thanedar and Raja Krishnamoorthi, have urged the U.S. government to intervene in response to the escalating violence against minority Hindus in Bangladesh following the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. They highlighted that the instability in the region, exacerbated by religious intolerance and violence, threatens U.S. interests. Both lawmakers called for direct engagement with the interim government led by Muhammad Yunus to end the violence, protect minority communities, and bring perpetrators to justice. Thanedar also urged the Biden administration to grant refugee status to persecuted Bangladeshi Hindus.[50][51][52]
  • Canada Canadian MP Chandra Arya has expressed deep concern for the violence against religious minorities, including Hindus, Buddhists, and Christians, in Bangladesh and mentioned that the number of religious minorities has significantly decreased. He also toldthat the Hindu community in Canada, whose families are in Bangladesh, are worried because of the safety of the people, their temples, and properties there, and they will rally at Parliament Hill.[53]

Organisations

  • United Nations UN stands against racially based attacks on minorities in Bangladesh. Deputy spokesperson Farhan Haq said this when asked at the daily briefing in New York "What we’ve made clear is we want to make sure that the violence that has been occurring in Bangladesh in recent weeks is tamped down. Certainly, we stand against any racially based attacks or racially based incitement to violence." [54]
  • The Association of British Muslims issued a fatwa condemning the attacks on Hindus and urged Bengali Muslims to stand in solidarity with Hindus and other minority communities.[55][56]

Disinformation

See also: Non-cooperation movement (2024) § Disinformation by Indian media

Indian media outlets were claimed to be disseminating disinformation regarding attacks on minorities in Bangladesh. Gobinda Pramanik, president of the Bangladesh National Hindu Grand Alliance, criticized the Indian media, suggesting that they inaccurately portrayed the situation. Govinda Pramanik, who has a history of speaking against Hindus and was expelled from the National Hindu Grand Alliance, mysteriously become the president of the same alliance again after the fall of Sheikh Hasina's government. [57][58] The Bangladesh National Hindu Grand Alliance has strongly condemned Gobinda Chandra Pramanik's statement regarding the attacks and looting of places of worship.[59] Many Bangladeshis in social media also criticized the Indian media, suggesting that they are spreading propaganda.

BNP leader Gayeshwar Chandra Roy also refuted claims made by Indian media that his party is anti-Hindu, asserting that the BNP has been inclusive of all communities in Bangladesh and has consistently supported all religious groups.[60]

Numerous India-based social media accounts circulated several misleading videos and images about attacks on Bangladeshi Hindus, which were subsequently debunked by several fact-checking organizations.[61] A false report also claimed that the house of Bangladeshi cricketer Liton Das had been set on fire, which was later debunked.[62][63] Das himself refuted the claim in a Facebook post.[64]

Quoting LoP West Bengal Legislative Assembly & BJP leader Suvendu Adhikari, several Indian media channels falsely claimed that more than 10 million Bangladeshi Hindus are heading towards India to seek refuge, adding that Bangladesh is becoming an "Islamic State". According to Bangladeshi political analyst Zahed Ur Rahman, Indian media viewed the situation in Bangladesh through "their Islamophobic eye", despite the view in Bangladesh that it was a popular movement.[65]

BBC Verify found that while some attacks on minorities were confirmed, many claims were either unverified or exaggerated, highlighting the complexity of the situation and difficulties in accurately assessing the violence.[66][67][68][69]

Report says, Member of the minority community are facing challenges like alleged forced resignations, threats to leave the country, and rampant extortion. At least 50 Hindu educators have been compelled to leave their jobs according to India Today. [70]

See also

References

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