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For people with similar names, see Jeannette Lee (disambiguation).
Jennette Lee
Jennette Lee circa 1905
BornNovember 10, 1860 Edit this on Wikidata
Bristol Edit this on Wikidata
DiedOctober 16, 1951 Edit this on Wikidata (aged 90)
Northampton Edit this on Wikidata
Alma mater
OccupationWriter, academic
Spouse(s)Gerald Stanley Lee Edit this on Wikidata

Jennette Barbour Perry Lee (November 10, 1860 – October 10, 1951) was an American writer and academic. Born in Connecticut, she began to teach at a local school in her teens. She graduated from Smith College in 1886 and started teaching English at the college level shortly thereafter. Lee published numerous novels and short stories, many of which featured characters from New England.

Early life and education

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Jennette Barbour Perry was born on November 10, 1860, in Bristol, Connecticut,[1] to Mary (Barbour) and Philemon Perry.[2] She started teaching at an elementary school near Bristol at age 15.[3][4] After studying subjects including Greek on her own, she took the entrance exam to enter Smith College in 1882 and graduated in 1886.[5][6]

Academic career

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From 1890 to 1893, Lee taught English at Vassar College,[5] and from 1893 to 1896 she was head of the department of English in the College for Women at Western Reserve University (now Case Western Reserve University).[1] From 1904 to 1913, she was a professor of English language and literature at Smith.[5]

Writing

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Lee's first published work was a short story called "Bufiddle", which appeared in The Independent on August 4, 1887.[3][7][8] Her first novel was Kate Wetherill: An Earth Comedy, published by The Century Company in 1900.[9] According to a review in the Chicago Tribune, Kate Wetherill is about "the evolution of a woman's soul".[9] It is divided into three parts: hell, purgatory, and heaven.[9] Another contemporary review regarded Kate as an example of "the New England type of woman" who was "becoming conspicuously prominent in the fiction of the day".[10]

Her novel A Pillar of Salt (1901) is about life in a Connecticut factory village.[3] Its main characters are a "thrifty, practical minded wife" and a "dreaming unpractical husband".[11] The husband tries to patent an invention which his employer tries to claim; the wife "has no faith in his invention" and tries to "discourage" him.[12]

The Son of a Fiddler (1902) describes Spencer Gordon (the "fiddler", a violinist) and his son Alec. Alec eventually finds his mother, an actor in Boston, and enters the "theatrical life".[13][14]

The Ibsen Secret: A Key to the Prose Dramas of Henrik Ibsen (1907), a work of criticism, compares the drama of Henrik Ibsen to the novels of Henry James and argues that Ibsen's symbolism can be decoded by a reference to a "central theme or motive" given by an "object or event".[15]

Mr. Achilles (1912) is set in Chicago, where Lee lived for three years. Lee got the idea for the novel's protagonist from a story she heard Jane Addams tell of a Greek person who came to Chicago, looking forward to telling Americans about Greek mythology and ruins. She did not start writing the novel until a year or two later. Its first part was published in Harper's Magazine; later chapters were serialized in The Outlook in 1911.[16] Mr. Achilles is the first American novel in which a Greek immigrant, fruit stand owner Achilles Alexandrakis, appears as a protagonist.[17] The novel, in which Achilles rescues a kidnapped daughter of an industrialist, attempts to tackle prejudice against immigrants and nouveaux riches.[18]

The Taste of Apples (1913) is about a shoemaker with his head in the clouds and his practical-minded wife who live in a New England town called Bolton (possibly Bolton, Massachusetts, or Bolton, Connecticut). They take a trip to London where they meet a "real live English lord".[19][20]

Unfinished Portraits (1916) is a set of fictionalized biographical sketches of historical artists and musicians, including Franz Schubert, Frédéric Chopin, Giorgione, and Albrecht Dürer. The section on Chopin reportedly "created a controversy in Europe" because some of its fictional statements were taken as factual.[21]

Her short story "The Cat and the King", published in the Ladies' Home Journal in 1919, describes love between two women college students. Lillian Faderman argues that "[t]he probable lack of sophistication of most Journal readers explains perhaps why love between women could be treated in such positive terms at so late a date".[22]

Personal life

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In 1896, Jennette married Gerald Stanley Lee.[5] As of 1901, she and Gerald lived in Northampton, Massachusetts.[3] From 1926 to 1933, they ran an institution called the "Training School for Balance and Coordination" in New York.[23] She died on October 10, 1951, in Northampton.[24][25]

Works

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  • Kate Wetherill (1900)[1]
  • A Pillar of Salt (1901)[1]
  • The Son of a Fiddler (1902)[1]
  • Uncle William (1906)[26]
  • The Ibsen Secret: A Key to the Prose Dramas of Henrik Ibsen (1907)[26]
  • Simeon Tetlow's Shadow (1909)[26]
  • Happy Island (1910)[5]
  • Mr. Achilles (1912)[26]
  • Betty Harris (1912)[26]
  • The Taste of Apples (1913)[26]
  • The Women in the Alcove (1914)[26]
  • Aunt Jane (1915)[27]
  • Unfinished Portraits (1916)[5]
  • The Green Jacket (1917)[28]
  • The Air-Man and the Tramp (1918)[5]
  • The Rain-Coat Girl (1919)[5]
  • The Other Susan (1921)[27]
  • Uncle Bijah's Ghost (1922)[27]
  • This Magic Body (1946)[24]
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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1911). "Lee, Jennette Barbour Perry". The United Editors Perpetual Encyclopedia. Vol. 16. New York; Chicago: United Editors Association. OCLC 1158069704.
  2. ^ Logan, Mary Simmerson Cunningham (1912). The Part Taken by Women in American History. Wilmington, Delaware: Perry-Nalle Publishing Company. p. 843. OCLC 1050267160. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ^ a b c d "The Rambler". The Book Buyer. 22 (2). Charles Scribner's Sons: 99–101. March 1901. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^ "Mrs. Lee, the Professor". The Bookman. 38 (3): 233–238. November 1913. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Collier's New Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. P. F. Collier & Son. 1921. pp. 443–444. OCLC 1042143414. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. ^ "Sketch of Bristol Story Writer". Record-Journal. March 14, 1901. p. 6 – via newspapers.com.
  7. ^ O'Brien, Edward J. (1918). The Best Short Stories of 1917: And the Yearbook of the American Short Story. Boston: Small, Maynard & Company. p. 497. OCLC 1041583108. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. ^ Perry, Jennette B. (August 4, 1887). "Bufiddle". The Independent. 39 (2018): 991–992.
  9. ^ a b c "A Remarkable First Novel". Chicago Tribune. April 7, 1900. p. 10 – via newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "The Literary Outlook". St. Louis Globe-Democrat. April 29, 1900. p. 35 – via newspapers.com.
  11. ^ "A Pillar of Salt". Saint Paul Globe. March 10, 1901. p. 17 – via newspapers.com.
  12. ^ "A Pillar of Salt". Oakland Tribune. March 9, 1901. p. 8 – via newspapers.com.
  13. ^ "The Son of a Fiddler, a Musical Story by Jennette Lee". The Times. Philadelphia. May 3, 1902. p. 18 – via newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "New Books That Are to Appear". The Courier-Journal. April 5, 1902. p. 5 – via newspapers.com.
  15. ^ Levin, Gail (1995). Edward Hopper: An Intimate Biography. Alfred A. Knopf. p. 281. ISBN 0-394-54664-4. OCLC 31937699.
  16. ^ "Jennette Lee". The Bookman. 36 (4): 347. December 1912. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  17. ^ Taylor, John (1989). "George Giannaris, Greek Immigrants and the Greek-American Novel". International Fiction Review. 16 (1). ISSN 1911-186X.
  18. ^ Kaser, James A. (2011). The Chicago of Fiction: A Resource Guide. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8108-7724-5.
  19. ^ "The Taste of Apples". Lansing State Journal. October 25, 1913. p. 5 – via newspapers.com.
  20. ^ "Story of Simple Folk". The Boston Globe. October 11, 1913. p. 4 – via newspapers.com.
  21. ^ "Unfinished Portraits". Los Angeles Times. December 3, 1916. p. 59 – via newspapers.com.
  22. ^ Faderman, Lillian (1981). Surpassing the Love of Men: Romantic Friendship and Love between Women from the Renaissance to the Present. Morrow. p. 301. ISBN 0-688-00396-6. OCLC 6861958.
  23. ^ Honey, Maureen, ed. (1992). Breaking the Ties That Bind: Popular Stories of the New Woman, 1915–1930. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 336. ISBN 0-8061-2467-9. OCLC 26131209.
  24. ^ a b Burke, William Jeremiah; Howe, Will David (1962). American Authors and Books: 1640 to the Present Day. Crown Publishing Group. p. 426. OCLC 1024166079.
  25. ^ "Mrs. Jennette Lee". The Boston Globe. October 17, 1951. p. 9 – via newspapers.com.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g The New International Encyclopedia. Vol. 13 (2d ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. 1917. p. 705. OCLC 1157152796.
  27. ^ a b c Manly, John Matthews; Rickert, Edith (1922). Contemporary American Literature: Biographies and Study Outlines. New York: Harcourt, Brace. p. 93. OCLC 960144791. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  28. ^ The Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 17. New York; Chicago: The Encyclopedia Americana Corporation. 1924. p. 220. OCLC 1156338880. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
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