Buya, Eritrea
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Buya is an archaeological site in Eritrea.
Archaeology
The site was excavated between 1995 and 1997 by archaeologists Ernesto Abbate working for the University of Florence alongside a team of Eritrean and Italian paleontologists. They unearthed fragments of the skeleton of the Homo erectus fossil Madam Buya. This skeleton consisted of the fossil consisted of a nearly complete cranium, two fragments of a pelvis, and two incisors. They were found inside ancient river and lake sediments located within the Danakil Depression. The fossils found at the site were one million years old, and bared characteristics of both Homo erectus skeletons and Homo sapiens skeletons. It has a oval neurocranium, massive brow ridge, and wide cheekbones. These traits are all characteristics of a Homo erectus fossil. It also has a cranium which is widest high on the vault, which is a human trait. Prior to this discovery, the earliest known fossil with human traits was a 600,000 year old Homo heidelbergensis skeleton from Bodo, Ethiopia.[1] The discovery is considered to have been an important source of information about the development of modern humans.[2] According to a 1998 article by Archaeology.org, a publication of the Archaeological Institute of America, this discovery was likely to push "back the development of modern human morphology by some 300,000 years" and to "shed light on a time poory understood in the paleontological record."[1] Tsegai Medin working for the National Museum of Eritrea, conducted another excavation in 2011. Husein Omar, one of the excavators, discovered a set of molars dated from 650,000 to 1.4 million years ago. According to Medin, this discovery would provide a vital source of information about human development during this time period and would provide oppurtunity for further research in Eritrea.[3]
Geology
The area west of Buya is covered by a metamorphic base of low grade dolomitic rock, marble, calcareous meta-sediments, and graphitic slate that came into contact with high grade kyanite schist, amphibolite gneiss and granite gneiss .[4][5]
References
- ^ a b Schuster, Angela (1998). "New Skull from Eritrea". archive.archaeology.org. Archived from the original on August 20, 2023. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- ^ NgCheong-Lum, Roseline; Orr, Tamra (2020-04-15). Eritrea. Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-5026-5578-3.
- ^ "Over 1.5 Million Year-old Human Skeleton Discovered in Buya, Eritrea". TesfaNews. 2011-12-25. Archived from the original on October 21, 2023. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- ^ Teklesenbet, Andemariam; Eysteinsson, Hjálmar; Karl Rosenkjær, Guðni; Karlsdóttir, Ragna (2010). "Resistivity Survey in Alid Geothermal Area, Eritrea" (PDF). Proceedings World Geothermal Congress: 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 21, 2023.
- ^ Beyene, Andemariam (2012). "Multidimensional inversion of MT data from Alid Geothermal area, Eritrea; comparison with geological structures and identification of a geothermal reservoir" (PDF). University of Iceland: 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 16, 2017.
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