Jadoon
The Jadoon (also Gadoon) (Hindko/Template:Lang-ur; Template:Lang-ps) is a Pashtun tribe in Pakistan, partly in Gadoon in Swabi, and partly in Abbottabad and Haripur districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Across the Durand line, some members of the tribe live in Nangarhar and Kunar in Afghanistan.[1]
The Jadoons speak Pashto in Swabi and Afghanistan and Hindko in Abbottabad and Haripur. The Jadoons are subdivided into three clans: Salar, Mansoor and Hassanzai.[2]
History
The Jadoons originally lived on the western slopes of the Spin Ghar range, in the Nangarhar region of Afghanistan. Later on, the Jadoons migrated eastwards, and allied with the Yusufzai tribe of the Afghans, who had recently migrated to Peshawar after their expulsion from Kabul by Mirza Ulugh Beg, a paternal uncle of the Mughal Emperor Babur. The Jadoons and the Yusufzai migrated further northeastwards into areas settled by the Dilazak tribe of the Afghans. They succeeded to defeat the Dilazaks at the battle of Katlang, and pushed them towards the Hazara region east of the Indus River. The Jadoons eventually settled in Swabi at the western bank of the Indus River. But later, some of the Jadoons also settled on the eastern bank of the Indus River, in Abbottabad and Haripur.
The British Raj period
In 1841 J. Forbes and John William Kaye said the following with reference to the Jadoons who lived in the tribal areas outside the limits of British India.[3]
The Jadoons are not British subjects, though they inhabit a portion of the district called Hazara. They inhabit a portion of the frontier below, that is south of the Hussanzye tribe, lying on the right bank of the Indus, and opposite to the British town of Torbeyla. Westward their territory extends till it meets the higher ranges of the Hindoo Koosh. The Mahabun mountain, with its dense forest, lies within their boundary, and the whole tract is wild and rugged in an almost inconceivable degree. Though the Jadoons accompanied the Yoosufzyes when they descended from Kabool in the fifteenth century, and conquered and occupied the valley of Peshawaur, they claim to have an independent origin, and are separate from the Yoosufzyes. The Jadoons have spread into the neighbouring district of Hazara, and now form one of the strongest tribes of that province, occupying the central portion; their villages lying from 1,500 to 6,000 feet above the plains of the Indus.[3]
People
- Iqbal Khan Jadoon, former Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- Amanullah Khan Jadoon, former Federal Minister of Pakistan
See also
- Nimat Allah al-Harawi Author of Tarikh-i-Khan Jahani Makhzan-i-Afghani (The History of the Afghans).
References
- ^ Charlotte Hille (6 May 2020). Jadoon tribe. ISBN 9789004415485. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Jadoon (also known as Gadoon) NPS.edu website, Retrieved 15 December 2022
- ^ a b Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for the British and Foreign India, China, and Australasia. Vol.XXXV-New Series, May–August, 1841
- "Tazkara Sarfaroshan e Sarhad" by Muhammad Shafi Sabir.
- "The Jadoons" by Sultan Khan Jadoon (2001).
- Sir Olaf Caroe, his book "The Pathans".
- "Afghan" by Muhammad Asif Fitrat