Talk:Proto-Romance language

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Nominative Plural of Feminine Nouns (Class I)

Why is *kápras reconstructed for both nominative and accusative plural? Shouldn't it be *kápre for nominative plural (and *kápras only for accusative plural)? Making *kápras the nominative ignores e.g. Italian, which has "capre" as plural of "capra". The -e ending in Italian is a reflex of Latin's -ae, which is the nominative plural suffix in this declension. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Brunoczim (talk • contribs) 00:24, 17 December 2021 (UTC)[reply]

@Brunoczim The Italian feminine plural /-e/ derives from an earlier /-as/. The reasoning for this, other than comparison with other Romance languages, is that feminine nouns with a velar consonant stem do not palatalize in the plural; cf. the classic example amica 'girlfriend' > amiche 'girlfriends' (not *amice /aˈmitʃe/). That suggests that, during the Late Latin palatalization of velars before front vowels, the nominative plural feminine ending was /-as/ still, hence without a front vowel. Later, [as] > [ai̯] > [e]. For the sound changes, compare Latin portās 'you (sg.) carry' > Old Italian porte (Maiden 1995: chapter 2, §12).

Maiden, Martin. 1995. A linguistic history of Italian. London: Routledge.

Nicodene (talk) 07:52, 17 December 2021 (UTC)[reply]