Silver(III) fluoride

Silver(III) fluoride
Names
	IUPAC name Silver(III) fluoride
	Other names Silver trifluoride ; Argentic fluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	91899-63-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	65322083;
PubChem CID	139031062;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID001045637 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Ag.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3 Key: PGGQSYHSNJQLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K;
	SMILES [F-].[F-].[F-].[Ag+3];
Properties
Chemical formula	AgF3
Molar mass	164.86 g/mol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Silver(III) fluoride, AgF₃, is an unstable, bright-red, diamagnetic compound containing silver in the unusual +3 oxidation state. Its crystal structure is very similar to that of gold(III) fluoride: it is a polymer consisting of rectangular AgF₄ units linked into chains by fluoro bridges.^[1]

Preparation

AgF₃ can be prepared by treating a solution containing tetrafluoroargentate(III) ions in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride with boron trifluoride;^[2] the potassium tetrafluoroargentate(III) was prepared by heating a stoichiometric mix of potassium and silver nitrate in a sealed container filled with pressurised fluorine gas at 400C for 24 hours, twice. When dissolved in anhydrous HF, it decomposes spontaneously to Ag₃F₈ overnight at room temperature. The high-valence silver compounds described in the thesis are notable for their variety of colours: KAgF₄ is bright orange, AgF₃ bright red, AgFAsF₆ is deep blue, Ag₃F₈ deep red-brown, and Pd(AgF₄)₂ is lime-green.

Earlier preparations were more heroic, involving the use of krypton difluoride as fluorinating agent, and tended to produce the mixed-valence Ag₃F₈ which may be thought of as silver(II) tetrafluoroargentate(III); Ag₂F₅, which is (AgF)⁺AgF₄⁻, is formed by reacting AgF₃ with AgFAsF₆.

References

^ Zemva, Boris; Lutar, Karel; Jesih, Adolf; Casteel, William J.; Wilkinson, Angus P.; Cox, David E.; von Dreele, Robert B.; Borrmann, Horst; Bartlett, Neil (1991). "Silver Trifluoride: Preparation, Crystal Structure, Some Properties, and Comparison with AuF3". J Am Chem Soc. 113 (11): 4192–4198. doi:10.1021/ja00011a021.
^ Casteel, William (September 1992). The Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Novel Transition Metal Fluorides (PhD).

[1] Zemva, Boris; Lutar, Karel; Jesih, Adolf; Casteel, William J.; Wilkinson, Angus P.; Cox, David E.; von Dreele, Robert B.; Borrmann, Horst; Bartlett, Neil (1991). "Silver Trifluoride: Preparation, Crystal Structure, Some Properties, and Comparison with AuF3". J Am Chem Soc. 113 (11): 4192–4198. doi:10.1021/ja00011a021.

[2] Casteel, William (September 1992). The Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Novel Transition Metal Fluorides (PhD).

[1]

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