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The family '''Vampyrellidae''' is a subgroup of the order [[Vampyrellida]] within the phylum [[Cercozoa]].<ref name="urlVampyrellidae">{{cite web |url=https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/325674 |title=Vampyrellidae |website= |accessdate=2009-03-08}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Hess|first=Sebastian|last2=Sausen|first2=Nicole|last3=Melkonian|first3=Michael|date=2012-02-15|title=Shedding Light on Vampires: The Phylogeny of Vampyrellid Amoebae Revisited|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=7|issue=2|pages=e31165|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0031165|issn=1932-6203|pmc=3280292|pmid=22355342|bibcode=2012PLoSO...731165H}}</ref> Based on molecular sequence data, the family currently comprises the genus ''[[Vampyrella]]'', and maybe several other vampyrellid amoebae (e.g. ''Gobiella'').<ref name=":0" /> The cells are naked and characterised by radiating, filose [[Pseudopod]]ia (also referred to as [[filopodia]]) and an orange colouration of the main cell body.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cienkowski|first=L.|date=1865-12-01|title=Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Monaden|journal=Archiv für Mikroskopische Anatomie|language=de|volume=1|issue=1|pages=203–232|doi=10.1007/BF02961414|issn=0176-7364|url=https://zenodo.org/record/2126831}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Die Pilzthiere oder Schleimpilze|last=Zopf|first=Wilhelm|publisher=Trewendt|year=1885|isbn=|location=Breslau|pages=}}</ref>
The family '''Vampyrellidae''' is a subgroup of the order [[Aconchulinida]] (formerly [[Vampyrellida]]) within the phylum [[Cercozoa]].<ref name="urlVampyrellidae">{{cite web |url=https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/325674 |title=Vampyrellidae |website= |accessdate=2009-03-08}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Hess|first=Sebastian|last2=Sausen|first2=Nicole|last3=Melkonian|first3=Michael|date=2012-02-15|title=Shedding Light on Vampires: The Phylogeny of Vampyrellid Amoebae Revisited|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=7|issue=2|pages=e31165|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0031165|issn=1932-6203|pmc=3280292|pmid=22355342|bibcode=2012PLoSO...731165H}}</ref> Based on molecular sequence data, the family currently comprises the genus ''[[Vampyrella]]'', and maybe several other vampyrellid amoebae (e.g. ''Gobiella'').<ref name=":0" /> The cells are naked and characterised by radiating, filose [[Pseudopod]]ia (also referred to as [[filopodia]]) and an orange colouration of the main cell body.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cienkowski|first=L.|date=1865-12-01|title=Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Monaden|journal=Archiv für Mikroskopische Anatomie|language=de|volume=1|issue=1|pages=203–232|doi=10.1007/BF02961414|issn=0176-7364|url=https://zenodo.org/record/2126831}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Die Pilzthiere oder Schleimpilze|last=Zopf|first=Wilhelm|publisher=Trewendt|year=1885|isbn=|location=Breslau|pages=}}</ref>


In former times the family Vampyrellidae contained several genera (e.g. ''Vampyrella'', ''Gobiella'', ''Leptophrys'', ''Platyreta'', ''Theratromyxa'') and was identical with the order Vampyrellida West, 1901, also known under the name "Aconchulinida".<ref name="Bass">{{cite journal |author=David Bass |author2=Ema E.-Y. Chao |author3=Sergey Nikolaev |author4=Akinori Yabuki |author5=Ken-ichiro Ishida |author6=Cédric Berney |author7=Ursula Pakzad |author8=Claudia Wylezich |author9=Thomas Cavalier-Smith |name-list-style=amp |year=2009 |title=Phylogeny of novel naked filose and reticulose Cercozoa: Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea revised |journal=[[Protist (journal)|Protist]] |volume=160 |issue=1 |pages=75–109 |pmid=18952499 |doi=10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002}}</ref> However, based on molecular sequence data it seemed reasonable to restrict the family Vampyrellidae to a subgroup (containing the genus ''Vampyrella'') and to establish another family for the genera ''Leptophrys'', ''Platyreta'' and ''Theratromyxa'', namely the Leptophryidae Hess et al., 2012.<ref name=":0" />
In former times the family Vampyrellidae contained several genera (e.g. ''Vampyrella'', ''Gobiella'', ''Leptophrys'', ''Platyreta'', ''Theratromyxa'') and was identical with the order Vampyrellida West, 1901, also known under the name "Aconchulinida".<ref name="Bass">{{cite journal |author=David Bass |author2=Ema E.-Y. Chao |author3=Sergey Nikolaev |author4=Akinori Yabuki |author5=Ken-ichiro Ishida |author6=Cédric Berney |author7=Ursula Pakzad |author8=Claudia Wylezich |author9=Thomas Cavalier-Smith |name-list-style=amp |year=2009 |title=Phylogeny of novel naked filose and reticulose Cercozoa: Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea revised |journal=[[Protist (journal)|Protist]] |volume=160 |issue=1 |pages=75–109 |pmid=18952499 |doi=10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002}}</ref> However, based on molecular sequence data it seemed reasonable to restrict the family Vampyrellidae to a subgroup (containing the genus ''Vampyrella'') and to establish another family for the genera ''Leptophrys'', ''Platyreta'' and ''Theratromyxa'', namely the Leptophryidae Hess et al., 2012.<ref name=":0" />

Revision as of 16:58, 18 October 2020

Vampyrellidae
"Vampyrella lateritia"
Vampyrella lateritia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Clade: Diaphoretickes
Clade: SAR
Phylum: Endomyxa
Class: Vampyrellidea
Order: Vampyrellida
Family: Vampyrellidae
Zopf, 1885
Genus

The family Vampyrellidae is a subgroup of the order Aconchulinida (formerly Vampyrellida) within the phylum Cercozoa.[1][2] Based on molecular sequence data, the family currently comprises the genus Vampyrella, and maybe several other vampyrellid amoebae (e.g. Gobiella).[2] The cells are naked and characterised by radiating, filose Pseudopodia (also referred to as filopodia) and an orange colouration of the main cell body.[3][4]

In former times the family Vampyrellidae contained several genera (e.g. Vampyrella, Gobiella, Leptophrys, Platyreta, Theratromyxa) and was identical with the order Vampyrellida West, 1901, also known under the name "Aconchulinida".[5] However, based on molecular sequence data it seemed reasonable to restrict the family Vampyrellidae to a subgroup (containing the genus Vampyrella) and to establish another family for the genera Leptophrys, Platyreta and Theratromyxa, namely the Leptophryidae Hess et al., 2012.[2]

Characteristics

Vampyrella and Spirogyra

When free-floating, the cell is spherical and around 30 μm across, with long radially directed filose pseudopods as well as distinctive shorter club-shaped ones, so that it resembles a heliozoan. Moving, the cell stretches out and takes a more typical amoeboid form, with an obvious distinction between the clear periphery and pseudopods and the greenish interior. In this form it finds its way into algae cells and feeds on their interiors. A few other vampyrellids are parasitic on fungi. As such, these vampyrellids can be an important control of parasitic rust fungus of wheat and other crops.

Vampyrellids characteristically have mitochondria with tubular cristae. Together with the nucleariids they include the majority of the naked filose amoebae.

References

  1. ^ "Vampyrellidae". Retrieved 2009-03-08.
  2. ^ a b c Hess, Sebastian; Sausen, Nicole; Melkonian, Michael (2012-02-15). "Shedding Light on Vampires: The Phylogeny of Vampyrellid Amoebae Revisited". PLOS ONE. 7 (2): e31165. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...731165H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031165. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3280292. PMID 22355342.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  3. ^ Cienkowski, L. (1865-12-01). "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Monaden". Archiv für Mikroskopische Anatomie (in German). 1 (1): 203–232. doi:10.1007/BF02961414. ISSN 0176-7364.
  4. ^ Zopf, Wilhelm (1885). Die Pilzthiere oder Schleimpilze. Breslau: Trewendt.
  5. ^ David Bass; Ema E.-Y. Chao; Sergey Nikolaev; Akinori Yabuki; Ken-ichiro Ishida; Cédric Berney; Ursula Pakzad; Claudia Wylezich & Thomas Cavalier-Smith (2009). "Phylogeny of novel naked filose and reticulose Cercozoa: Granofilosea cl. n. and Proteomyxidea revised". Protist. 160 (1): 75–109. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2008.07.002. PMID 18952499.
Wikispecies has information related to Vampyrellidae.
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