Jump to content

West Chadic languages: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Barawa
tables moved to individual branches' articles
Line 50: Line 50:
In addition, [[Poki language|Poki]] is unclassified within West Chadic.
In addition, [[Poki language|Poki]] is unclassified within West Chadic.


==References==
==Names and locations==
Below is a comprehensive list of West Chadic language names, populations, and locations from Blench (2019).<ref name="BlenchAtlas4">{{Cite book|title=An Atlas of Nigerian Languages|last=Blench|first=Roger|publisher=Kay Williamson Educational Foundation|year=2019|edition=4th|isbn=|location=Cambridge|pages=}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! Branch !! Code !! Primary locations
|+ '''Distributions of West Chadic branches'''<ref name="BlenchAtlas4"/>
|-
| Hausa-Gwandara || A1 || [[Northern Nigeria]]
|-
| Bole-Tangale || A2 || [[Darazo]] LGA, [[Bauchi State]]; Yobe, Taraba, Gombe, Borno states
|-
| Angas || A3 || [[Shendam]] and [[Mangu, Nigeria|Mangu]] LGAs, [[Plateau State]]
|-
| Ron || A4 || [[Mangu, Nigeria|Mangu]] LGA, [[Plateau State]]
|-
| Bade-Warji || B1-2 || [[Darazo]] and [[Ningi, Nigeria|Ningi]] LGAs, [[Bauchi State]]
|-
| South Bauchi || B3 || [[Bauchi State]] ([[Toro, Nigeria|Toro]], [[Dass, Nigeria|Dass]], [[Tafawa Balewa, Bauchi|Tafawa Balewa]], [[Bauchi]] LGAs)
|}

===Hausa-Gwandara (A1)===
{| class="wikitable sortable" | style="font-size: 75%;" |
! Language !! Dialects !! Alternate spellings !! Own name for language !! [[Endonym]](s) !! Other names for language !! Speakers !! Location(s)
|-
| [[Gwandara language|Gwandara]] || Central: Gwandara Karashi, Western: Gwandara Koro, Southern: Kyan Kyar, Eastern: Toni; Gwandara Gitata, Nimbia (Gwandara–Basa) || Gwàndara || || || || 12,000 (1952); 30,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Niger State]], Suleija LGA; Federal Capital Territory; [[Nasarawa State]], Nassarawa, Keffi, Lafia and Akwanga LGAs; [[Kaduna State]], Kachia LGA
|-
| [[Hausa language|Hausa]] || Eastern: Kano, Katagum, Hadejiya; Western: Sokoto, Gobirawa, Adarawa, Kebbawa, Zamfarawa, Northern: Katsina, Arewa. Harris (1930:321) mentions 'secret dialects' called Zauranchi and Toganchi and 'inverted and abbreviated' speech forms used to deceive outsiders. || Haussa, Haoussa || Háusá || sg. m. Bàháushèe sg. f. Bàháushìyáa pl. Hàusàawáa plus names by areas or towns e.g. Adarawa, Agalawa, Arewa || Abakwariga, Mgbakpa, Haɓe, Kaɗo || 5,700,000 (1952); 20 million (UBS 1984); 25 million first and second language speakers including some 3.5 million speakers in other countries (1973 SIL) || Across northern Nigeria
|}

===Bole-Tangale (A2)===
{| class="wikitable sortable" | style="font-size: 75%;" |
! Language !! Cluster !! Dialects !! Alternate spellings !! Own name for language !! [[Endonym]](s) !! Other names (location-based) !! Other names for language !! [[Exonym]](s) !! Speakers !! Location(s)
|-
| [[Daza language|Daza]] || || || Daza || || || || || || a few villages (Note: No data available) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA
|-
| [[Bole language|Bole]] || || Bara, Fika (Fiyankayen, Anpika) || || Bòò Pìkkà, Bopika || Am Pìkkà, Ampika || Fika, Piika || Bolanci || Anika, Bolewa || 32,000 (1952 W&B); est. >100,000 (1990) || [[Bauchi State]], Dukku, Alkaleri, and Darazo LGAs; [[Borno State]], Fika LGA
|-
| [[Bure language|Bure]] || || || || BuBure || Bure || || Bure || || A single village southeast of Darazo town || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA
|-
| [[Ɓeele language|Ɓeele]] || || || Bele || Àɓéelé || bòhé áɓéelé sg., Àɓéelé pl. || || Bellawa || || 120 (Temple 1922); a few villages || [[Bauchi State]]
|-
| [[Deno language|Deno]] || || || || || || || || || 9,900 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA; 45&nbsp;km northeast of Bauchi town
|-
| [[Galambu language|Galambu]] || || || Galembi, Galambe || Galambu || Galambu || || || || 8505 (Temple 1922); 2020 (Meek 1925); 1000 (SIL) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA, at least 15 villages
|-
| [[Dera language|Dera]] || || Shani, Shellen and Gasi || || Bo Dera || na Dera sg., Dera pl. || Kanakuru || || || 11,300 (W&B) || [[Adamawa State]], Shellen LGA; [[Borno State]], Shani LGA
|-
| [[Fyandigeri language|Fyandigeri]] || || || || Fyandigere || sg. laa Fyandigeri, pl. Fyandigeri || || || Gerawa, Gere, Gera || 13,300 (LA 1971); at least 30 villages. Many Gera villages no longer speak the language. A 2018 survey suggested there are only 4 villages where the language is being passed on to children. || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi and Darazo LGAs
|-
| [[Geruma language|Geruma]] || || Sum, Duurum, possibly Gamsawa/Gamshi (Temple) || Gerema, Germa || Geerum (Duurum dialect); Gyeermu (Sum dialect) || Geerum (Duurum dialect); sg. na Gyeermu, pl. Gyeermu (Sum dial.) || || || || 4,700 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Toro and Darazo LGAs. At least 10 villages
|-
| [[Giiwo language|Giiwo]] || || || Kirifi || Bu Giiwo || sg. Ba Giiwo, pl. Ma Giiwo || || || || 3,620 (1922 Temple); 14,000 (SIL) || [[Bauchi State]], Alkaleri, Bauchi and Darazo LGAs, 24 villages
|-
| [[Karekare language|Karekare]] || || Western Jalalum, northern Pakaro and eastern Ngwajum || Kәrekәre, Kerekere, Karaikarai, Kerikeri || || || || || || 39,000 (1952 W&B) || [[Bauchi State]], Gamawa and Misau LGAs; [[Yobe State]], Fika LGA
|-
| [[Kholok language|Kholok]] || || || || || || Kode, Koode, Kwoode,Widala, Pia, Wurkum, Pitiko || || || 2,500 (1977 Voegelin & Voegelin) || [[Taraba State]], Karim Lamido LGA, near Didango
|-
| [[Kubi language|Kubi]] || || || Kuba || || || || || || 1,090 (1922 Temple); 500 (1973 SIL) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA, 40&nbsp;km. N.E. of Bauchi town
|-
| [[Kulung language (Chadic)|Kulung (Chadic)]] || || || || Kulung (speakers consider themselves Kulung i.e. Jarawan Bantu, although their language is Chadic and related to Piya) || || Wurkum || || || 2000? || [[Taraba State]], Karim Lamido LGA
|-
| [[Kutto language|Kutto]] || || || Kupto || Kúttò || Kúttò || || || || Two villages. 3000 (1990 est.) || [[Bauchi State]], Bajoga LGA, [[Yobe State]], Gujba LGA
|-
| [[Maaka language|Maaka]] || || Two dialects; Maaka (at Gulani) and Maha (at Vara) || Magha, Maga, Maha || || || || || || More than 4,000 (1990) || [[Yobe State]], Gujba LGA. Gulani and Bara towns and associated hamlets. Northeast of Dadin Kowa Reservoir.
|-
| [[Ngamo language|Ngamo]] || || || Gamo || || || || || || 17,800 (1952 W&B) || [[Borno State]], Fika LGA; [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA, Darazo district and Dukku LGA, Nafada district
|-
| [[Pero language|Pero]] || || Dialects associated with three major settlements || Walo || Péerò || sg. Péerò, pl. Pìpéerò || Filiya [town name] || || || 6,664 (1925 Meek); 20,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Gombe State]], Shongom LGA, around Filiya. 3 main villages: Gwandum, Gundale and Filiya.
|-
| '''''[[Piya–Kwonci language|Piya–Kwonci]] cluster''''' || Piya–Kwonci || || Pia || || || Wurkum, Pitiko || || || 2,500 (1977 Voegelin & Voegelin) || [[Taraba State]], Karim Lamido LGA, near Didango
|-
| [[Piya language|Piya]] || Piya–Kwonci || || Pia || || || Wurkum || || || ||
|-
| [[Kwonci language|Kwonci]] || Piya–Kwonci || Kunshenu || || || || || || || More than 4000 (1990) ||
|-
| [[Goji language|Goji]] || || || || Fo Goji || Nya Goji pl. Memme Goji || Kushe, Kushi || Chong'e || || 4000 (1973 SIL); 5000 (1990). ca. 20 villages (2007) || [[Gombe State]], Shongom LGA
|-
| [[Kwaami language|Kwaami]] || || Kafarati, Ɗolli || Kwami, Kwom || Kwáámì || Kwáámì || Komawa || || || 10,000 (1990) || [[Bauchi State]], Kwami LGA
|-
| [[Nyam language|Nyam]] || || || || || Nyambolo || || || || A single village || [[Taraba State]], Karim Lamido LGA, at Andami village
|-
| [[Tangale language|Tangale]] || || Ture, Kaltungo, Shongom, Billiri || Tangle || Táŋlɛ̀ || || Billiri || || || 36,000 (1952 W&B); 100,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Gombe State]], Kaltungo, Alkaleri and Akko LGAs
|}

===Angas (A3)===
{| class="wikitable sortable" | style="font-size: 75%;" |
! Language !! Cluster !! Dialects !! Alternate spellings !! Own name for language !! [[Endonym]](s) !! Other names (location-based) !! Other names for language !! [[Exonym]](s) !! Speakers !! Location(s) !! Notes
|-
| [[Miship language|Miship]] || || Longmaar, Jiɓaam || Ship, Chip, Cip || || || || || || 10,127 (Ames 1934), 6,000 (SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Mangu and Shendam LGAs ||
|-
| [[Cakfem–Mushere language|Cakfem–Mushere]] || Cakfem–Mushere || || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Cakfem language|Cakfem]] || Cakfem–Mushere || Jajura || Chakfem, Chokfem || || || || || || 5,000 (SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA ||
|-
| [[Mushere language|Mushere]] || Cakfem–Mushere || Mushere is sharply divided into two dialects, plus Kadim spoken in a single village || Mushere || || || || || || About 13 villages || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA ||
|-
| [[Ngas language|Ngas]] || || Hill and Plain || Nngas Ngas || || Kerang || || || || 55,250 (1952 W&B) || [[Plateau State]], Pankshin, Kanam and Langtang LGAs ||
|-
| [[Ywom language|Ywom]] || || || Yiwom || || || || Gerkanci, Gurka || Gerkawa || 2,520 (Ames 1934); 8,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam and Langtang LGAs ||
|-
| [[Jorto language|Jorto]] || || || || || || || || || 4,876 (1934 Ames) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam LGA, at Dokan Kasuwa || Spurious language? (No data)
|-
| [[Koenoem language|Koenoem]] || || || Kanam || || || || || || 1,898 (1934 Ames); 3,000 (SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam LGA ||
|-
| [[Kofa language|Kofa]] || || Locally said to be a separate language; linguistic status uncertain || Kota || || || || || || || [[Adamawa State]], Song LGA, north of Belel road a Chadic language of the Bura group ||
|-
| [[Tel language|Tel]] || || || Teel, Tehl || || || Baltap, Montoil, Montol || || || 13,386 (1934 Ames); 20,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam LGA ||
|-
| '''''[[Mwaghavul language|Mwaghavul]] cluster''''' || Mwaghavul || || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Mwaghavul language|Mwaghavul]] || Mwaghavul || || Mwahavul || || || || Sura || Sura || 20,000 (1952 W&B); 40,000 (1973 SIL); current informal estimates suggest around 200,000 speakers || [[Plateau State]], Barkin Ladi and Mangu LGAs ||
|-
| [[Mupun language|Mupun]] || Mwaghavul || || Mapan || || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Takas language|Takas]] || Mwaghavul || || Toos || || || || || || || ||
|-
| '''''[[Pan language|Pan]] cluster''''' || Pan || || || || Kofyar || || || || 72,946 (1963) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam, Mangu and Lafia LGAs ||
|-
| [[Mernyang language|Mernyang]] || Pan || Larr/Lardang and Mikiet are said to be 'offsets' of Mirriam || || || || || || || 16,739 (1963) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam LGA ||
|-
| [[Doemak language|Doemak]] || Pan || || Dәmak, Dimmuk || || Kofyar || Kwong || || || || [[Plateau State]], Shendam LGA ||
|-
| [[Tèŋ language|Tèŋ]] || Pan || || Teng || || || || || || || [[Plateau State]], Qaʼan Pan LGA || no data
|-
| [[Kwagallak language|Kwagallak]] || Pan || Nteng (Jasikit)? no data || Kwaʼalang || || || || Kwalla, Kwolla || || 25,403 (1963) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam LGA ||
|-
| [[Bwol language|Bwol]] || Pan || || Bwal, Mbol || || || || || || 3,853 (1963) || [[Nasarawa State]], Lafia LGA ||
|-
| [[Gworam language|Gworam]] || Pan || || Giverom, Goram || || || || || || 3,055 (1952) || [[Nasarawa State]], Lafia LGA ||
|-
| [[Jipal language|Jipal]] || Pan || || Jepel, Jepal, Jibyal || || || || || || || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA ||
|-
| [[Shindai language|Shindai]] || Pan || || || || || || || || || [[Plateau State]], Qaʼan Pan LGA, Namu District || no data
|-
| [[Goemai language|Goemai]] || Goemaic || || || || || || Ankwai, Ankwe || || 13,507 in Shendam (1934 Ames); 80,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Nasarawa State]], Shendam, Awe and Lafia LGAs ||
|-
| [[Tal language|Tal]] || Talic || 6 dialects recognised, although all are mutually mutually intelligible || || Amtul [=Hampul] || || Kwabzak || || || 9,210 (1934 Ames); 10,000 (1973 SIL); 26,000 (2014 estimate). Live in 52 settlements || [[Plateau State]], Pankshin LGA ||
|-
| [[Pyapung language|Pyapung]] || Talic || || Piapun, [[Pyapun language|Pyapun]] || || || || || || 5,167 [including a 'few hundred Tal speakers' (Ames 1934); 10,000 (RMB est. 2016) || [[Plateau State]], Shendam LGA ||
|}

===Ron (A4)===
{| class="wikitable sortable" | style="font-size: 75%;" |
! Language !! Cluster !! Dialects !! Alternate spellings !! Own name for language !! Other names (based on location) !! Other names for language !! [[Exonym]](s) !! Speakers !! Location(s)
|-
| [[Fyer language|Fyer]] || || || Fier || || || || || 1,500 (1970); 10,000 (Blench 1999) || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA
|-
| [[Karfa language|Karfa]] || || || Kerifa || || || || || 800 (SIL 1973) || [[Nasarawa State]], Akwanga LGA
|-
| [[Kulere language|Kulere]] || || Tof, Richa, Kamwai: the latter includes Marahai (Marhai) || || Akande (Kamwaĩ, Àkàndí (Tof), Kande (Richa) || Tof, Richa, Kamwai || Korom Ɓoye || || 6,500 (1925 Meek); 4,933 (1943 Ames); 8,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Bokkos LGA
|-
| [[Mundat language|Mundat]] || || || || || || || || || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA
|-
| [[Shagawu language|Shagawu]] || || || Shagau || || || Nafunfia, Maleni || || 20,000 (SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA
|-
| [[Tambas language|Tambas]] || || || Tembis || || || || || 3,000 (SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA
|-
| '''''[[Run language|Run]] cluster''''' || Run || Bokkos and Daffo–Butura are more closely related than Sha || Ron || Run || || || Challa, Cala, Chala, Challawa || 13,120 (1934 Ames); 60,000 (1985 UBS) || [[Plateau State]], Bokkos LGA
|-
| [[Run Bokkos language|Run Bokkos]] || Run || Bokkos, Baron || || Lis ma Run || Bokos || || Challa, Cala || ||
|-
| [[Run Daffo–Butura language|Run Daffo–Butura]] || Run || Daffa, Butura || Ron || Alis I Run || Batura || || Challa || ||
|-
| [[Manguna language|Manguna]] || Run || || || || || || || || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA
|-
| [[Ron language|Mangar]] || Run || || || || || || || || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA
|-
| [[Sha language|Sha]] || Run || || || || || || || 500 (SIL); about 1,000 (1970 Jungraithmayr) || [[Plateau State]], Mangu LGA
|}

===Bade-Warji (B1, B2)===
{| class="wikitable sortable" | style="font-size: 75%;" |
! Language !! Cluster !! Dialects !! Alternate spellings !! Own name for language !! [[Endonym]](s) !! Other names (based on location) !! Other names for language !! [[Exonym]](s) !! Speakers !! Location(s)
|-
| [[Auyokawa language|Auyokawa]] (extinct) || || || || || || || || || Jigawa State, Keffin Hausa LGA, Auyo ||
|-
| [[Shira language|Shira]] (extinct) || || || Shirawa || || || || || || Shira town, Jigawa State, Keffin Hausa LGA; extinct ||
|-
| [[Teshena language|Teshena]] (extinct) || || || Teshenawa || || || || || || Teshena town, Jigawa State, Keffin Hausa LGA; extinct ||
|-
| [[Bade language|Bade]] || || Western Bade (Magwaram, Maagwaram), Southern Bade (Bade k-Aɗo), Gashua Bade (Mazgarwa) || Bedde || || || || Gidgid || || 31,933 (1952 W&B) includes Duwai and Ngizim; 100,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Borno State]], Bade LGA; [[Jigawa State]], Hadejia LGA
|-
| [[Ɗuwai language|Ɗuwai]] || || || Duwai || || Lvji || || Eastern Bade || || || [[Borno State]], Bade LGA
|-
| [[Ngizim language|Ngizim]] || || || Ngezzim || || || || || || 39,200 includes Bade and Ɗuwai (1952 W&B); 25,000 Schuh (1972) || [[Borno State]], Damaturu LGA
|-
| [[Ciwogai language|Ciwogai]] || || || Tsagu || || || || Sago, Tsaganci || || 3,000 (1977 Skinner) || [[Bauchi State]], Ningi and Darazo LGAs
|-
| [[Diri language|Diri]] || || || Diriya, Dirya || Sago, Tsagu || || || Diryanci || Buwane, Diryawa || 3,750 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Ningi and Darazo LGAs
|-
| [[Kariya language|Kariya]] || || Two dialects || Kauyawa, Keriya || Vinahә || Wihә || || || Lipkawa (see also Mburku) || 2,200 (LA 1971); 3,000 (1977 Skinner) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA. At Kariya Wuro, 30 S.E. of Ningi.
|-
| [[Paʼa language|Paʼa]] || || || Paha, Afa || FuCaka || sg. FuCiki, pl. Foni || || Paʼanci || Faʼawa, Afawa || 8,500 (LA 1971); 20,000 (Skinner, 1977) || [[Bauchi State]], Ningi and Darazo LGAs
|-
| [[Siri language|Siri]] || || || || Siri || || || Siryanci || || 2,000 (LA 1971); 3,000 (1977 Skinner) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo and Ningi LGAs
|-
| [[Warji language|Warji]] || || Gala (?) || || Sәrzakwai, Sirzakwai || || || Sar || Sarawa || 28,000 (LA 1971); 50,000 (Skinner, 1977) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA, Ganjuwa district, and Ningi LGA, Warji district; [[Jigawa State]], Birnin Kudu LGA
|-
| [[Mburku language|Mburku]] || || || Barko, Barke || Vә Mvәran || || || Mburkanci || Burkunawa, Lipkawa (see also Kariya) || 210 (1949–50); 4,000 (1977 Skinner) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA
|-
| [[Miya language|Miya]] || || || Muya || || Vәne Mi || || || Miyawa || 5,200 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA, Ganjuwa district. Miya town and associated hamlets
|-
| [[Zumbun language|Zumbun]] || || Wudufu (possible dialect) || Jimbin || Vina Zumbun || || || || || 1,500 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA
|}

===South Bauchi (B3)===
{| class="wikitable sortable" | style="font-size: 75%;" |
! Language !! Branch !! Cluster !! Dialects !! Alternate spellings !! Own name for language !! [[Endonym]](s) !! Other names (location-based) !! Other names for language !! [[Exonym]](s) !! Speakers !! Location(s) !! Notes
|-
| [[Aja language (Niger-Congo)|Aja]] (extinct) || Zaar || North Bauchi || || Ajanci || || || || || || Extinct: formerly spoken at Kworko, Bauchi State || || no data
|-
| '''''[[Das language|Das]] cluster''''' || Zaar || Das || || || || || || || Ɓarawa || 8,830 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Toro and Dass LGAs ||
|-
| [[Lukshi language|Lukshi]] || Zaar || Das || || || Dәkshi || || || || || 1,130 (LA 1971) || ||
|-
| [[Durr–Baraza language|Durr–Baraza]] || Zaar || Das || || || Bandas || || || || || 4,700 (LA 1971); 30-40,000 (Caron 2005) || [[Bauchi State]], Das LGA, Durr and Baraza villages ||
|-
| [[Zumbul language|Zumbul]] || Zaar || Das || || Boodlә || || || || || Zumbulawa, Dumbulawa || See Wandi || [[Bauchi State]], Das LGA, Zumbul town ||
|-
| [[Wandi language|Wandi]] || Zaar || Das || || Wangday || || || || || || 700 (including Zumbul) (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Das LGA, Wandi town ||
|-
| [[Dot language|Dot]] || Zaar || Das || || Dwat || Zoɗi || shérә́m zoɗi || Dott || || || 2,300 (LA 1971); a single large village. 37,582 (local census 2003). 7 wards (out of 11) speak Zoɗi || South of Bauchi on the Dass road ||
|-
| '''''[[Geji language|Geji]] cluster''''' || Zaar || Geji || || || || || Kayauri, Kaiyorawa || || Ɓarawa || || [[Bauchi State]], Toro LGA ||
|-
| [[Megang language|Mәgang]] || Zaar || Geji || || Bolu, Buli || Mәg̣ àŋ || || || || || 1,250 (LA 1971), 'a few hundred' (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Pyaalu language|Pyaalu]] || Zaar || Geji || || Pelu, Belu || Pyààlù || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Geji language|Geji]] || Zaar || Geji || || || Gyaazә || || Bagba || || Gezawa, Gaejawa || 650 (LA 1971), 1000 (Caron 2005). 20 villages (2007) || Toro, Bauchi LGAs, [[Bauchi State]] ||
|-
| [[Buu language|Buu]] || Zaar || Geji || || Zaranda || Bùù || || || || || 750 (LA 1971), 'a few hundred' (Caron 2002) || ||
|-
| [[Guus language|Guus]] || Zaar || Guus || || || || || || Ɓarawa || Sayanci || 50,000 (1971 Schneeberg); 50,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Bauchi State]], Tafawa Balewa LGA. West of Tafawa Balewa town. ||
|-
| [[Guus language|Guus]] || Zaar || Guus || || || mur gúús (one person); Gùùs (people) || vìì kә gúús (mouth of Guus) || Sigidi, Sugudi, Sigdi, Segiddi || || || 775 (1950 HDG). 17 villages (Caron 2002) || ||
|-
| '''''[[Polci language|Polci]] cluster''''' || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || || || || || || || Ɓarawa, Palsawa || 6,150 or more (1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi and Toro LGAs ||
|-
| [[Zul language|Zul]] || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || Zul is mutually comprehensible with Mbaram || || Bi Zule || Nya Zule pl. Man Zule || || Mbarmi, Barma || Zulawa || 2,400 (LA 1971). 15 villages (2007) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi and Toro LGAs ||
|-
| [[Mbaram language|Mbaram]] || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || || Barang, Mbaram || || || || || || 250 CAPRO (1995a). One settlement only || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA ||
|-
| [[Dir language|Dir]] || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || || Diir || || || || || || 'a few hundred' (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Buli language (West Chadic)|Buli]] || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || || Bәlә || || || || || || 600 (LA 1971), 4000 (CAPRO 1995a), 'a few hundred' (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Langas language|Langas]] || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || || || Nyamzax || || Lundur || || || 200 (LA 1971), 'a few hundred' (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Luri language|Luri]] || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || || Lúr || || || || || || 30 (1973 SIL), 2 (Caron 2002) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA ||
|-
| [[Polci language|Polci]] || Zaar || Piya–Kwonci || || Posә, Polshi, Palci, Pәlci || || || || || || 2,950 (LA 1971); 70,000 (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Zaar language|Zaar]] || Zaar || || Kal, Gambar Leere, Lusa || Zaʼr, Zar || Vìk Zaar, Vigzar || Zaar pl. Zàrsɛ̀ || || Sáyánci || Bàsáyè pl. Sáyáːwá, Saya, Seya, Seiyara [Saya terms are now considered derogatory] || 50,000 (1971 Schneeberg); 50,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Bauchi State]], Tafawa Balewa LGA. West of Tafawa Balewa town. ||
|-
| '''''[[Zari language|Zari]] cluster''''' || Zaar || Zari || || || || || || || Ɓarawa || || [[Bauchi State]], Toro and Tafawa Balewa LGAs; [[Plateau State]], Jos LGA ||
|-
| [[Zakshi language|Zakshi]] || Zaar || Zari || || Zaksә || || || || || || 2,950 (1950 HDG) || ||
|-
| [[Boto language|Boto]] || Zaar || Zari || || Boot || || || || || Bibot || 1,000 (1950 HDG) || ||
|-
| [[Zari language|Zari]] || Zaar || Zari || || || || || Kopti, Kwapm || || || || ||
|-
| '''''[[Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim language|Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim]] cluster''''' || Zaar || Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim || || || || || || || Ɓarawa || || [[Bauchi State]], Toro LGA ||
|-
| [[Zeem language|Zeem]] (extinct) || Zaar || Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim || || || || || || || || Extinct (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Tule language|Tule]] (extinct) || Zaar || Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim || || || || || || || Tulai || Extinct (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Danshe language|Danshe]] || Zaar || Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim || || || || || || || || Extinct (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Chaari language|Chaari]] || Zaar || Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim || || || || || || || Tulai || a 'few hundred' speakers (Caron 2005) || ||
|-
| [[Dyarim language|Dyarim]] || Zaar || Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim || || || one person Mәn Dyarim, people Dyarim || Ndyarim Tә || Kaiwari || || || About 2000 ethnic Dyarim with about 100 fluent speakers (Blench 2005 est.) || Their main settlement is about 7&nbsp;km south of Toro town in Toro LGA (N10˚ 02, E 9˚ 04). ||
|-
| [[Lushi language|Lushi]]? || Zaar || Zeem-Caari-Danshe-Dyarim || || Lukshi || Dokshi || || || || || || ||
|-
| [[Jimi language (Nigeria)|Jimi]] || Zaar || || || || || || || || || 250 (LA 1971); 400 (1973 SIL) || [[Bauchi State]], Darazo LGA ||
|-
| '''''[[Kir–Balar language|Kir–Balar]]''''' || Boghom || Kir–Balar || || || || || || || || 360 (LA 1971) (Kir only) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA || no data
|-
| [[Kir language|Kir]] || Boghom || Kir–Balar || || || || || || || || || || no data
|-
| [[Balar language|Balar]] || Boghom || Kir–Balar || || || || || || || Larbawa || 50 CAPRO (1995a) || || no data
|-
| [[Boghom language|Boghom]] || Boghom || || || Burom, Burrum, Burma, Borrom, Boghorom, Bogghom, Bohom, Bokiyim || || || || || Burumawa || 9,500 (1952 W&B), 50,000 (1973 SIL) || [[Plateau State]], Kanam LGA ||
|-
| [[Mangas language|Mangas]] || Boghom || || || Maás || || || || || || 180 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA || no data
|-
| [[Guruntum–Mbaaru language|Guruntum–Mbaaru]] || Guruntum || || By settlements Dookà, Gàr, Gayàr, Kàràkara, Kuukù, and Mbaarù || Gurutum || Gùrduŋ || || || || || 10,000 (1988 Jaggar) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi and Alkaleri LGAs ||
|-
| [[Ju language (Chadic)|Ju]] || Guruntum || || || || || || || || || 150 (LA 1971) || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA ||
|-
| [[Tala language|Tala]] || Guruntum || || || || || || || || || || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA, Zungur district ||
|-
| [[Zangwal language|Zangwal]] || Guruntum || || || || || || || || || || [[Bauchi State]], Bauchi LGA || no data
|}

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


Line 356: Line 58:


{{West Chadic languages}}
{{West Chadic languages}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Revision as of 05:09, 18 December 2019

West Chadic
Geographic
distribution		Nigeria, Niger
Linguistic classificationAfro-Asiatic
Subdivisions
Language codes
Glottologwest2785
West Chadic per Newman (1977)
Main Chadic-speaking peoples in Nigeria.
Hausa-speaking areas in Nigeria and Niger

The West Chadic languages of the Afro-Asiatic family are spoken principally in Niger and Nigeria. They include Hausa, the most populous Chadic language and a major language of West Africa.

Languages

The branches of West Chadic go either by names or by letters and numbers in an outline format.[1]

In addition, Poki is unclassified within West Chadic.

References

  1. ^ Blench, 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms)
  2. ^ Blench, Roger (2019). "Jakato: an undocumented language of Central Nigeria".
  3. ^ a b Blench, Roger. 2017. Current research on the A3 West Chadic languages.
  4. ^ Blench, Roger. Comparative Ron wordlist.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Chadic_languages&oldid=931307194"