Herabai Tata: Difference between revisions

Herabai Tata
Herabai Tata
Born	1879; Bombay, British Raj
Died	1941 (aged 61–62)
Other names	Herabai A. Tata, Herabai Ardeshir Tata
Occupation(s)	women's rights advocate, suffragist
Years active	1911-

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https://search.alexanderstreet.com/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cdocument%7C3402861?account_id=196403&usage_group_id=1338161 https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.12542/page/n111?q=%22Herabai+Tata%22 https://archive.org/details/editor_ijasrd_2325/page/n1?q=%22Herabai+Tata%22 https://archive.org/details/WomenInIndianSociety/page/n9?q=%22Herabai+Tata%22 https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.279506/page/n964?q=%22Herabai+Tata%22 https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.34106/page/n33?q=%22Herabai+Tata%22 https://parsikhabar.net/events/commemorating-zoroastrian-and-indian-women-in-the-british-suffrage-movement/18713/ https://www.jstor.org/stable/41855712?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=A84XBAAAQBAJ&lpg=PT435&ots=v-Ze3Cl_w1&dq=Herabai%20Tata&pg=PT436#v=onepage&q=Herabai%20Tata&f=false https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=JfxdDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT109&ots=C5InJR2E6O&dq=Herabai%20Tata&pg=PT181#v=onepage&q=Herabai%20Tata&f=false https://ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/the-indian-suffragists-claiming-their-rights-in-britain-and-india/ https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=hjilIrVt9hUC&lpg=PA95&ots=2u1uH0dDpP&dq=Herabai%20Tata&pg=PA95#v=onepage&q=Herabai%20Tata&f=false https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=eflGAQAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&dq=South%20Asian%20Resistances%20in%20Britain%2C%201858-1947&pg=PA106#v=snippet&q=tata&f=false http://www.lse.ac.uk/about-lse/lse-leading-women/biographies/herabai-mithan-tata http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/herabai-tata https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/on-the-centenary-of-womens-suffrage-a-look-at-how-india-achieved-electoral-equality/articleshow/63150595.cms https://www.routledgehistoricalresources.com/feminism/essays/race-empire-and-the-making-of-western-feminism https://search.alexanderstreet.com/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cdocument%7C1639819?account_id=196403&usage_group_id=1338161 https://www.asian-voice.com/News/India/Remembering-the-first-ever-Indian-female-barrister-in-the-UK https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=3g5uAAAAMAAJ&q=Herabai+Tata,+1879-?&dq=Herabai+Tata,+1879-?&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiO0u6MqvzlAhXGjFkKHU90BWQQ6AEINjAC https://gdc.gale.com/gdc/artemis/NewspapersDetailsPage/NewspapersDetailsWindow?disableHighlighting=false&displayGroupName=DVI-Newspapers&docIndex=1&source=&prodId=TTDA&mode=view&limiter=&display-query=OQE+Herabai+Tata&contentModules=&action=e&sortBy=&windowstate=normal&currPage=1&dviSelectedPage=&scanId=&query=OQE+Herabai+Tata&search_within_results=&p=TTDA&catId=&u=wes_ttda&displayGroups=&documentId=GALE%7CCS286594241&activityType=BasicSearch&failOverType=&commentary= https://www.newspapers.com/clip/39398762/a_strong_appeal_22_october_1919/ https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/41284162?searchTerm=Herabai%20Tata&searchLimits= Herabai Tata (1879-1941) was Indian women's rights activist and suffragist.

Early life

Herabai was born in 1879 in Bombay, which at the time was in the British Raj. At the age of sixteen, she was married to Ardeshir Bejonji Tata^{[Notes 1]} an employee at a textile mill. The family were Parsis. On 2 March 1898 the couples' daughter, Mithan was born in Maharashtra.^[1] They soon moved to Phulgaon, near Nagpur, where Ardeshir worked at a textile mill as an assistant master weaver.^[2] He was progressive in his thoughts on women's education and hired tutors to help Tata in her wish to further her education.^[3] Taking a position in a mill in Ahmedabad, the family remained there until 1913, when they relocated to Bombay, where Ardeshir managed a mill.^[1]

Activism

In 1909, Herabai became interested in Theosophy and began attending conventions in Adyar, Madras and Benaras. At the 1912 convention in Benaras, she met Annie Besant,^[4]^[5] who had become president of the Theosophical Society Adyar in 1908.^[6] In 1911, while vacationing in Kashmir with her daughter, Tata met the suffragist, Sophia Duleep Singh. Charmed by her enthusiasm for the cause and after reading the literature Singh later sent, Tata became active in the fight for women's enfranchisement.^[4]^[7] In 1916, discussions about Indian Home Rule began to escalate and the Montagu investigations began. Tata was one of the deputation of women, who, in 1917, presented demands to include women's suffrage in the new Franchise Bill under development by the Government of India.^[4]^[8]

That same year, Margaret Cousins founded the Women's Indian Association in Adyar to create a vehicle for women to influence government policy. The organization focused on equal rights, educational opportunity, social reform, and women's suffrage. Founding members included Tata, as well as S. Ambujammal, Annie Besant, Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay, Mary Poonen Lukose, Begam Hasrat Mohani, Saralabai Naik, Dhanvanthi Rama Rau, Muthulakshmi Reddy, and Mangalammal Sadasivier.^[9] Tata would be named the honorary secretary of the organization for Bombay.^[5]

She was one of the participants of the 8th Congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance held in Geneva, Switzerland.^[10] International Woman Suffrage News - Friday 05 August 1921 International Woman Suffrage Alliance Late News p 176 Herabai Tata advised that the Legislative Council of Bombay passed a women's suffrage resolution

Notes

^ Some references indicate that her husband was from the influential Tata family,^[1] while others disclaim the familial relationship.

References

Citations

^ ^a ^b ^c Mukherjee 2018.
^ Mankekar 2002, p. 200.
^ De Souza 2009.
^ ^a ^b ^c The Open University 2015.
^ ^a ^b Mukherjee 2011, p. 111.
^ Sweet 2010.
^ Anand 2015, p. 339.
^ Mukherjee 2011, p. 112.
^ Kaur 2019, p. 143.
^ International Woman Suffrage Alliance 1920, p. 15.

Bibliography

Anand, Anita (2015). Sophia: Princess, Suffragette, Revolutionary. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4088-3546-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
De Souza, Eunice (13 August 2009). "Imagine a Woman". Mumbai Mirror. Mumbai, India. Archived from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2019. {{cite news}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
International Woman Suffrage Alliance (1920). Report of Eighth Congress, Geneva, Switzerland, 6-12 June 1920 (PDF) (Report). Manchester, England: Percy Brothers Ltd. (PDF). Retrieved 22 November 2019. {{cite report}}: Check |archiveurl= value (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Kaur, Jagdeep (January 2019). "Women's Organizations in Pre-independence India" (PDF). International Journal of Applied Research. 5 (1). Delhi, India: AkiNik Publications: 142–145. ISSN 2394-7500. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2019. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Mankekar, Kamla (2002). Women Pioneers in India's Renaissance, as I Remember Her: Contributions from Eminent Women of Present-day India. New Delhi, India: National Book Trust. ISBN 978-81-237-3766-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Mukherjee, Sumita (2011). "Herabai Tata and Sophia Duleep Singh: Suffragette Resistances for Indian and Britain, 1910-1920". In Mukherjee, Sumita; Ahmed, Rehana (eds.). South Asian Resistances in Britain, 1858 - 1947. London: Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 106–121. ISBN 978-1-4411-5514-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Mukherjee, Sumita (15 February 2018). "Tata [married name Lam], Mithan Ardeshir [Mithibai] (1898–1981)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.111939. Retrieved 22 November 2019. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help) (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Sweet, William (2010). "Besant, Annie (née Wood: 1847–1933)". In Grayling, A.C.; Goulder, Naomi; Pyle, Andrew (eds.). The Continuum Encyclopedia of British Philosophy (online ed.). London: Thoemmes Continuum. ISBN 978-0-199-75469-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help) – via Oxford University Press's Reference Online (subscription required)
"Herabai Tata". Making Britain. London: The Open University. 2015. Archived from the original on 19 August 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2019.

Category:1879 births Category:1941 deaths Category:People from Mumbai Category:Indian feminists Category:Suffragists

[2] Some references indicate that her husband was from the influential Tata family,^[1] while others disclaim the familial relationship.

[FOOTNOTEMukherjee2018-1] Mukherjee 2018.

[FOOTNOTEMankekar2002200-3] Mankekar 2002, p. 200.

[FOOTNOTEDe_Souza2009-4] De Souza 2009.

[FOOTNOTEThe_Open_University2015-5] The Open University 2015.

[FOOTNOTEMukherjee2011111-6] Mukherjee 2011, p. 111.

[FOOTNOTESweet2010-7] Sweet 2010.

[FOOTNOTEAnand2015339-8] Anand 2015, p. 339.

[FOOTNOTEMukherjee2011112-9] Mukherjee 2011, p. 112.

[FOOTNOTEKaur2019143-10] Kaur 2019, p. 143.

[FOOTNOTEInternational_Woman_Suffrage_Alliance192015-11] International Woman Suffrage Alliance 1920, p. 15.

[Notes 1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 | death_place   =
 | nationality   =
-| other_names   =
+| other_names   = Herabai A. Tata, Herabai Ardeshir Tata
-| occupation    =
+| occupation    = women's rights advocate, suffragist
-| years_active  =
+| years_active  = 1911-
 | known_for     =
 | notable_works =
 }}
-http://www.helsinki.fi/sukupuolentutkimus/aanioikeus/pdf/iwsareport1.pdf
-https://genderbytes.wordpress.com/2014/05/05/herabai-tata-the-power-behind-indian-womens-voting-rights/
-http://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2019/vol5issue1/PartC/4-12-91-194.pdf
-https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/41284162?searchTerm=Herabai%20Tata&searchLimits=
-http://www.thankyouindianarmy.com/mithan-jamshed-lam/
 https://search.alexanderstreet.com/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cdocument%7C3402861?account_id=196403&usage_group_id=1338161
 https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.12542/page/n111?q=%22Herabai+Tata%22
@@ Line 28: / Line 24: @@
 https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.34106/page/n33?q=%22Herabai+Tata%22
 https://parsikhabar.net/events/commemorating-zoroastrian-and-indian-women-in-the-british-suffrage-movement/18713/
-https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-111939
 https://www.jstor.org/stable/41855712?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
-https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=Q5SlBAAAQBAJ&lpg=PA338&ots=KmqanXraV8&dq=Herabai%20Tata&pg=PA339#v=onepage&q=Herabai%20Tata&f=false
 https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=A84XBAAAQBAJ&lpg=PT435&ots=v-Ze3Cl_w1&dq=Herabai%20Tata&pg=PT436#v=onepage&q=Herabai%20Tata&f=false
 https://books.google.com.mx/books?id=JfxdDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT109&ots=C5InJR2E6O&dq=Herabai%20Tata&pg=PT181#v=onepage&q=Herabai%20Tata&f=false
@@ Line 49: / Line 43: @@
 ==Early life==
-Herabai was born in 1879 in [[Bombay]], which at the time was in the [[British Raj]]. At the age of sixteen, she was married to Ardeshir Bejonji Tata an employee at a textile mill. The family were [[Parsis]].
+Herabai was born in 1879 in [[Bombay]], which at the time was in the [[British Raj]]. At the age of sixteen, she was married to Ardeshir Bejonji Tata{{#tag:ref|Some references indicate that her husband was from the influential [[Tata family]],{{sfn|Mukherjee|2018}} while others disclaim the familial relationship.|group="Notes"}} an employee at a textile mill. The family were [[Parsis]]. On 2 March 1898 the couples' daughter, [[Mithan Jamshed Lam|Mithan]] was born in [[Maharashtra]].{{sfn|Mukherjee|2018}} They soon moved to Phulgaon, near [[Nagpur]], where Ardeshir worked at a textile mill as an assistant master weaver.{{sfn|Mankekar|2002|p=200}} He was progressive in his thoughts on women's education and hired tutors to help Tata in her wish to further her education.{{sfn|De Souza|2009}} Taking a position in a mill in [[Ahmedabad]], the family remained there until 1913, when they relocated to Bombay, where Ardeshir managed a mill.{{sfn|Mukherjee|2018}}
+==Activism==
+In 1909, Herabai became interested in [[Theosophy]] and began attending conventions in [[Adyar, Chennai|Adyar, Madras]] and [[Benaras]]. At the 1912 convention in Benaras, she met [[Annie Besant]],{{sfn|The Open University|2015}}{{sfn|Mukherjee|2011|p=111}} who had become president of the [[Theosophical Society Adyar]] in 1908.{{sfn|Sweet|2010}} In 1911, while vacationing in [[Kashmir]] with her daughter, Tata met the suffragist, [[Sophia Duleep Singh]]. Charmed by her enthusiasm for the cause and after reading the literature Singh later sent, Tata became active in the fight for women's enfranchisement.{{sfn|The Open University|2015}}{{sfn|Anand|2015|p=339}} In 1916, discussions about [[Indian Home Rule movement|Indian Home Rule]] began to escalate and the [[Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms|Montagu investigations]] began. Tata was one of the deputation of women, who, in 1917, presented demands to include women's suffrage in the new Franchise Bill under development by the Government of India.{{sfn|The Open University|2015}}{{sfn|Mukherjee|2011|p=112}}
+That same year, [[Margaret Cousins]] founded the [[Women's Indian Association]] in Adyar to create a vehicle for women to influence government policy. The organization focused on equal rights, educational opportunity, social reform, and women's suffrage. Founding members included Tata, as well as [[S. Ambujammal]], [[Annie  Besant]], [[Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay]], [[Mary Poonen Lukose]], [[Begam Hasrat Mohani]], [[Saralabai Naik]], [[Dhanvanthi Rama Rau]], [[Muthulakshmi Reddy]], and [[Mangalammal Sadasivier]].{{sfn|Kaur|2019|p=143}} Tata would be named the honorary secretary of the organization for Bombay.{{sfn|Mukherjee|2011|p=111}}
+She was one of the participants of the [[Eighth Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance|8th Congress]] of the [[International Woman Suffrage Alliance]] held in [[Geneva]], Switzerland.{{sfn|International Woman Suffrage Alliance|1920|p=15}}
 International Woman Suffrage News - Friday 05 August 1921 International Woman Suffrage Alliance
 Late News p 176 Herabai Tata advised that the Legislative Council of Bombay passed a women's suffrage resolution
+==Notes==
+{{reflist|group=Notes}}
 == References ==
+===Citations===
-<!--- See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags, these references will then appear here automatically -->
-{{Reflist}}
+{{reflist|30em}}
+===Bibliography===
-== External links ==
+{{refbegin|30em}}
-* [http://www.example.com www.example.com]
+*{{cite book |ref=harv |last=Anand |first=Anita |title=Sophia: Princess, Suffragette, Revolutionary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5SlBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA339 |date=2015 |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |location=London |isbn=978-1-4088-3546-3}}
+*{{cite news |ref=harv |last1=De Souza |first1=Eunice |title=Imagine a Woman |url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/opinion/columnists/eunice-de-souza/imagine-a-woman/articleshow/15946523.cms |accessdate=22 November 2019 |date=13 August 2009 |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |location=Mumbai, India |archiveurl=http://archive.is/fRcWT |archivedate=22 November 2019}}
+*{{cite report |ref=harv |author=International Woman Suffrage Alliance |title=Report of Eighth Congress, Geneva, Switzerland, 6-12 June 1920 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122164535/http://www.helsinki.fi/sukupuolentutkimus/aanioikeus/pdf/iwsareport1.pdf |date=1920 |publisher=Percy Brothers Ltd. |location=Manchester, England |accessdate=22 November 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122164535/http://www.helsinki.fi/sukupuolentutkimus/aanioikeus/pdf/iwsareport1.pdf |archivedate=22 November 2019}}
+*{{cite journal |ref=harv |last1=Kaur |first1=Jagdeep |title=Women’s Organizations in Pre-independence India |journal=International Journal of Applied Research |date=January 2019 |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=142-145 |url=http://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2019/vol5issue1/PartC/4-12-91-194.pdf |accessdate=22 November 2019 |publisher=AkiNik Publications |location=Delhi, India |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122181020/http://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2019/vol5issue1/PartC/4-12-91-194.pdf |archivedate=22 November 2019 |issn=2394-7500}}
+*{{cite book |ref=harv |last=Mankekar |first=Kamla |title=Women Pioneers in India's Renaissance, as I Remember Her: Contributions from Eminent Women of Present-day India |year=2002 |publisher=National Book Trust |location=New Delhi, India|isbn=978-81-237-3766-9}}
+*{{cite book |ref=harv |last=Mukherjee |first=Sumita |editor-last1=Mukherjee |editor-first1=Sumita |editor-last2=Ahmed |editor-first2=Rehana |title=South Asian Resistances in Britain, 1858 - 1947 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LKhKb_6iqoUC&pg=PA111  |date=2011 |publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group |location=London |isbn=978-1-4411-5514-6|chapter=Herabai Tata and Sophia Duleep Singh: Suffragette Resistances for Indian and Britain, 1910-1920 |pages=106-121}}
+*{{cite odnb |ref=harv |last1=Mukherjee |first1=Sumita |title=Tata [married name Lam], Mithan Ardeshir [Mithibai] (1898–1981) |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-111939 |accessdate=22 November 2019 |doi=10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.111939 |date=15 February 2018}}
+*{{cite book |ref=harv |last1=Sweet |first1=William |editor1-last=Grayling |editor1-first=A.C. |editor2-last=Goulder |editor2-first=Naomi |editor3-last=Pyle |editor3-first=Andrew |title=The Continuum Encyclopedia of British Philosophy |date=2010 |publisher=Thoemmes Continuum |location=London |isbn=978-0-199-75469-4 |edition=online |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199754694.001.0001/acref-9780199754694-e-202?rskey=ZyfxVF&result=1 |chapter=Besant, Annie (née Wood: 1847–1933)}}{{subscription needed|via=[http://www.oxfordreference.com/ Oxford University Press]'s Reference Online}}
+*{{cite web |ref={{harvid|The Open University|2015}} |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Herabai Tata |url=http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/herabai-tata |website=Making Britain |publisher=[[The Open University]] |accessdate=22 November 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819113257/http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/herabai-tata |archivedate=19 August 2018 |location=London |date=2015}}
+{{refend}}
+{{Authority control}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Tata, Herabai}}
-<!--- Categories --->
+[[:Category:1879 births]]
+[[:Category:1941 deaths]]
+[[:Category:People from Mumbai]]
+[[:Category:Indian feminists]]
+[[:Category:Suffragists]]