Hindol State

For other uses, see Hindol (disambiguation).

Hindol State ହିନ୍ଦୋଳ
Princely State of British India
1554–1948
Hindol State in the Imperial Gazetteer of India
Area
• 1891	808 km2 (312 sq mi)
Population
• 1891	47,180
History
• Established	1554
• Accession to the Indian Union	1948
Succeeded by India

Hindol State was one of the princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. Its former territory is now part of Dhenkanal district. The state's former capital was the town of Hindol, Odisha. Until 1947, it was not part of British India but was subject to the suzerainty of the British crown, under the Orissa States Agency.

History

The state Hindol was founded from Dudurkote(Established before 800 AD) in 1554 by two brothers named Lakshman Mahratta and Bharat Mahratta belonging to the family of the Khimedi Raja of Ganjam, which also ruled over areas in the Madras region. After the East India Company occupied Orissa in September–October 1803 treaties were signed with estates of the region, including Hindol.

After the independence of India in 1947 Hindol merged into Republic of India on 1 January 1948. Thereafter in 1948, once the all princely states including Dhenkanal, Talcher, Athmallik, Pal Lahara and Hindol formally merged with the province of Orissa, the present Dhenkanal district was created.

Rulers

The rulers of Hindol were of Rajput origin and had the title of Raja.

Rajas

Tenure	Name
1691 - 1701	Achyuta Singh Narendra
1701 - 1733	Bhagabat Singh Narendra
1733 - 1770	Damodar Singh Narendra
1770 - 1781	Radhakant Singh Mardraj Jagadeb
1781 - 1786	Ram Chandra Singh Mardraj Jagadeb
1786 - 1829	Kishan Chandra Mardraj Jagadeb
1829 - 1841	Harihar Singh Mardraj Jagadeb
1841 - 1874	Ishwar Singh Mardraj Jagadeb
1874 - 1877	Phokar Singh Mardraj Jagadeb
18 Jul 1877 – 10 Feb 1906	Janardan Mardraj Jagadeb (b. 1853 - d. ....)
10 Feb 1906 – 15 Aug 1947	Naba Kishor Chandra Mardraj Jagadeb (b. 1891 - d. 19...)

Sarbarakar & Chief Administrative & Royal Responsibilities:

Tenure	Name & Details
800 - 1800	Father and Forehead grandfather of Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik
1800 - 1840	Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik
1840 - 1875	Madhu Sardar Singh Garnaik son of Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik
1875 - 1890	Ghasia Sardar Singh Garnaik son of Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik
1890 - 1906	Champettra Sardar Singh Garnaik son of Madhu Sardar Singh Garnaik
1906 - 1938	Sana Adhyaksh Senapati Nakula Samant Sinhar son of Ghasia Sardar Singh Garnaik
1909 - 1969	Sarbarakar Fakira Charan Garnaik son of Ghasia Sardar Singh Garnaik
1930 - 15th August 1947	Senapati Sadananda Garnaik son of Sana Adhyaksh Senapati Nakula Samant Sinhar
1936 - 15th August 1947	Sarbarakar Baikuntha Garnaik son of Sarbarakar Fakira Charan Garnaik
1943 - 15th August 1947	Sarbarakar Kedar Kishor Garnaik son of Sarbarakar Fakira Charan Garnaik

Sena Adhyaksh Senapati 'Nakula Samanta Sinhara'

Nakula Samanta Sinhara (1905/1906 -16 April 1938) was a prominent figure of the Indian independence movement in Hindol princely state. with the Orissa States Agency during British Raj era. He is an Indian nationalist considered to be one of the most influential revolutionaries and whose defiant patriotism made him a prominent Sena Adhyaksh and freedom fighter in Hindol. He was popularly know as Sena Adhyaksh(Senapati) & Commander-in-Chief of king of Hindol.

Early life

Nakula Samanta Sinhara was born in 1905/1906 in Baghua Sahi, Dudurkote, Hindol in Dhenkanal district of Odisha. He was spent his childhood time in Baghuasahi, Dudurkote, Hindol with his family members.He had five brothers and two sister among them Nakula Samanta Sinhara was elder one. He was son of Ghasia Charana Garnaik(Shardar) and grand son of Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik who was the Pragana Officer & Chief-administrative of king of Hindol.

He was starting his schooling in Khordha, Orissa and after completed his schooling, He started learning on war knowledge(Yudha Vidhya) in Khordha, Orissa and returned to his native place Dudurkote, Hindol princely state after completion of his schooling. He was observed his grandfather Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik activities related to administratves and war knowledge(Yudha Vidhya) and learnt lots of things from his grandfather during his childhood time. His grandfather Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik trained him to all war knowledge(Yudha Vidhya) in such a way anyone could not beaten him in his life.

Royal Responsibilities

Being an excellent scholar in education and war knowledge(Yudha Vidhya) like his grandfather Satyabadi Pratap Singh Garnaik. He was ascended as the Sena Adhyaksh and Chief of the administration of Army of Hindol on early age of 20 or 21 and carried out his duties till his death.

A prominent warrior Sena Adhyaksh(Senapati) & Commander-in-Chief of King Hindol, beaten 16s Sena Adhyaksh of different Princely state on his combatant during the competition of Sena Adhyaksh between different princely state of Orissa like (Talacher, Dhenkanal, Narasinghpur, Bamra, Athagarh, Rairakhol, Nayagarh, AUL(Cuttack), Athamallick, Baramba, Sukinda, Gangpur, Nilgiri, Bolangir and Kalahandi ). He had showed & proved the strength and power of , Hindol princely state and his courage feared to other Princely state of Orissa during on his duties. He could not tolerate any illegal activity and very strict during in his duties.

Revolt Against the British

He had revolted against the British Raj in the province on 1936 and formed the Praja Mandal with the other people of Hindol princely state and elected as a president. The first Praja Mandal Andolan from Hindol held in the year July 1937 in Balika School, Dudurkote, Hindol. He was first man from Hindol, who attended and led the second meeting of Praja Mandal Andolan held at Cuttack, Orissa in the year 1938 from Hindol. He had been exploiting to inspire other princely states Sena Adhyakshas (Talacher, Dhenkanal, Narasinghpur, Bamra, Athagarh, Rairakhol, Nayagarh, Bolangir and Kalahandi etc.…) to revolt against the British.

Arrested by British in April 1938

He was arrested and kept in internment(Nazzer Bandhi) by the Political Agent of British Raj, Nellore Saheb and the assistant Dewan with four false case that was preplanned by assistant Dewan(Chakradhar Acharya) of Hindol related to Indian independence movement from Hindol, during the absent of Raj Naba Kishore Singh Mardraj Jagdeb on his visited for Darshan of Lord Jagannath Temple, Puri.

Relieved from internment (Nazzer Bandhi)

When Raja Naba Kishore Singh Mardraj Jagdeb came back from Lord Jagannath Temple, Puri, saw his Sena Adhyaksh in internment(Nazzer Bandhi) and asked immediate relieved his Sena Adhyaksh from interment(Nazzer Bandhi) that made by Political Agent of British Raj Nellore Saheb & assistant Dewan(Chakradhar Acharya) and said officially to Sinhara, do not involved in Praja Mandal Andolan against British Raj but personally and non-officially supported to Senapati Nakula Samanta Sinhara against British Raj . During internment (Nazzer Bandhi) Sinhara's health suffered in severe fever and his health was feeling unwell.

Conspiracy in 15th April 1938

After relieved from internment(Nazzer Bandhi), assistant Dewan(Chakradhar Acharya) afraid to Senapati Nakula Samanta Sinhara for his five false case that made by assistant Dewan(Chakradhar Acharya) with preplanned conspiracy with British during the absent of Raj Naba Kishore Singh Mardraj Jagdeb. During internment (Nazzer Bandhi) Senapati Nakula Samanta Sinhara's health suffered in severe fever and his health was feeling unwell.

Senapati Nakula Samanta Sinhara had treatment his health from fever and medicines gave him by Baidya(Madhu Doctor) for recovery his health, But Baidya(Madhu Doctor) had bought by assistant Dewan(Chakradhar Acharya) & British and gave slow poison on his medicine that he toke for fever and his death happened on midnight during in his slept on bed at Hindol and take piece in rest.

When Raj Naba Kishore Singh Mardraj Jagded had got this information from folks, and toke immediately action against to assistant Dewan(Chakradhar Acharya) and Baidya(Madhu Doctor) on this preplanned murder against Senapati Nakula Samanta Sinhar and planned to give hard punishment to assistant Dewan(Chakradhar Acharya) and Baidya(Madhu Doctor), but they escaped to Cuttack from Hindol and never returned to Hindol.

Nakula Samanta Sinhara's dead body brought to his native place at Baghua Sahi, Dudurkote, Hindol and his cremation with respected of martyr by presence of his younger brother Zamindar Sarbarakar Fakir Charan Garnaik and Raj Naba Kishore Singh Mardraj Jagdeb king of Hindol with 25 litres of cow ghee and one cart of sandalwood. Currently that place was besides of Dudurkote gram panchayat office.

Family Members[edit]

Sinhara had three doughter, one son, five brothers & two sisters named as

1.Sena Adhyaks Senapati Nakula Samanta Sinhara(1905/1906-1938)-Relation Self.

2.Sarbarakar(Zamindar) Fakira Charana Garnaik(1909-1969)-Relation Brother.

3.Banamali Garnaik(1912-1949)- Relation Brother(British police officer).

4.Ananta Charana Garnaik(1918-2003)-Relation Brother(Chief Executive officer & office incharge of Rourkela Railway Station).

5.Mantri Garnaik(1924-1949)-Relation Brother.

6.Lavayana Garnaik(1921-1993)-Relation Sister(Married to sub sarbarakar of Thokara).

7.Sadananda Garnaik(1928-2002)-Relation Adopted Son.

Death on ^th April 16, 1938[edit]

Sinhara died on 16 April 1938 in Hindol. His cremation with respected of martyr and a freedom fighter & first man who led the Indian independence movement from Hindol. This day was declared as a black day for Hindol.

Sarbarakar 'Fakira Charan Garnaik'

Fakira Charan Garnaik(1909-1969) was the most popular and leading Sarbarakar of Hindol princely state born in Baghua Sahi Dudurkote. A Sarbarakar in the Indian subcontinent was an aristocrat. The term means 'Land Lord, Debottar, Khamara, Society Activities' in Orissa States Agency . Typically hereditary, Sarbarakar held enormous tracts of land, society activities and control over their peasants, from whom they reserved the right to collect tax on behalf of imperial courts or for military and improvement the society activities purposes.

Sarbarakar was a royal responsibility of Land Lord(Land owner of state), Debottar(Religious endowments made in favour of temples), Khamar(Water endowments made in favour of society), Social Activities and Chief representative of princely state in Orissa States Agency during British Raj era. Sarbarakar also known as Malikana(Chief) incharge for collection of revenue and most not show disloyalty, Should not fail to pay the total revenue collected from the people in princely state.

In Orissa States Agency during British Raj era, The important leading Sarbarakar as Fakira Charan Garnaik(1909-1969) of Hindol princely state.