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'''Non-state opponents'''
'''Non-state opponents'''
* [[Syrian Democratic Forces]]
* [[Syrian Democratic Forces]]
* [[Ahrar al-Sham]]
* [[Sham Legion]]
* [[Sham Legion]]
* [[Free Syrian Army]]
* [[Free Syrian Army]]

Revision as of 20:18, 2 February 2017

Not to be confused with Sham Liberation Army.
Hayyat Tahrir al-sham
Organization for the Liberation of the Levant
هيئة تحرير الشام
Leaders For other leaders, see Leadership
Dates of operation28 January 2017 – present
HeadquartersIdlib, Idlib Governorate, Syria
Active regions Syria
 Lebanon
IdeologySunni Islamism
Allies
OpponentsState opponents

Non-state opponents

Battles and warsSyrian Civil War

Military intervention against ISIL

Hayyat Tahrir al-Sham (Template:Lang-ar; Hayy’at Taḥrīr al-Shām, Organization for the Liberation of the Levant), commonly referred to as Tahrir al-Sham, is an active Jihadist and Salafist group involved in the Syrian Civil War. The group was formed on the 28th of January, 2017 as a merger between Jabhat Fateh al-Sham, the Ansar al-Din Front, Jaysh al-Sunna, Liwa al-Haqq, and the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement.[8][9] After the announcement, additional groups and individuals joined. The merger is currently lead by Jabhat Fatah al-Sham and former Ahrar al-Sham Leaders, although the High Command consist of leaders from other groups.[10][11] Many groups and individuals defected from Ahrar al-Sham, representing their more conservative and Salafist elements. An acronym for the group is HETISH or HTS.[12]

History

Formation

Muhaysini, Abu Taher Al Hamawi, and Abdelrazzak Mehdi worked on the formation of the group.[13] Bilal Abdul Kareem reported on the formation of the new group.[14]

Tahrir al Sham stated that it may include the Turkistan Islamic Party in the future.[15]

The group received praise from the Gaza-based Salafist jihadist insurgent group Jaysh al-Ummah.[16]

The group is currently establishing an Islamic governing body (Majlis-ash-Shura), or the consultative council (hence the multiple signed documents creating decrees/laws which can be found on official Tahrir al-Sham outlets). The reasoning behind this is that with a governing body, the newly formed group will be able to work together & prevent infighting which had been seen as the cause of tension within the rebel held areas for weeks prior to the formation of the group.[17]

Consolidation of power (2017)

On 30 January, there were reports of mobilizations by Tahrir al-Sham and Ahrar al-Sham at the Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing and other nearby areas, and that the 2 groups were preparing for another round of clashes.[3]

On 1 February 2017, it was reported that the US had conducted an airstrike on Carlton Hotel in the city of Idlib, which was used by Tahrir al-Sham's former al-Nusra component for troop housing, and hosting meetings of prominent commanders.[18]

Structure

Member groups

The groups in italic are defectors from Ahrar al-Sham.

Disclaimer

This list is based off official released made by Tahrir al-Sham [62] and may not necessarily express the full extent of allegiances to the group. These groups may or may not become independent in the future, however, effort will be made to accordingly add or remove groups, based on the status given to them by the commanding office of Tahrir al-Sham.

Leadership

The "general commander" or emir of Tahrir al-Sham is Abu Jaber Hashem Al-Sheikh,[63][64] also known as Abu Jaber, who was the leader of Ahrar al-Sham until September 2015.[65] The "general commander" should not be confused with Tahrir al-Sham's "military leader", who is Abu Mohammad al-Julani,[64] the emir of Jabhat Fateh al-Sham who had also led its predecessor organisation Jabhat al-Nusra, the Syrian branch of al-Qaeda.[66] The individuals in italic are defectors from Ahrar al-Sham, which either left to join Jabhat Fateh al-Sham in the last few days of it's existence, or joined it's successor group Tahrir al-Sham.

References

  1. ^ Abu Jaber Shaykh
  2. ^ a b Joscelyn, Thomas (January 28, 2017). "Al Qaeda and allies announce 'new entity' in Syria". Long War Journal. Foundation for Defense of Democracies.
  3. ^ a b ""Unmingled" jihadis in Syria prepare to clash in Idlib -- Sott.net".
  4. ^ a b "الاعلام الحربي مركزي on Twitter".
  5. ^ GHANMI, Elyès; PUNZET, Agnieszka (11 June 2013). "The involvement of Salafism/Wahhabism in the support and supply of arms to rebel groups around the world" (PDF). European Parliament.
  6. ^ "Malhama Tactical, The Fanatics Tactical Guru! - The Firearm Blog". 12 December 2016.
  7. ^ "Why De Mistura's Needs To Step Down". 7 Oct 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  8. ^ Joscelyn, Thomas (28 Jan 2017). Twitter https://twitter.com/thomasjoscelyn/status/825369610845302786. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ^ Joscelyn, Thomas (28 Jan 2017). Twitter https://twitter.com/thomasjoscelyn/status/825373171599675393. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. ^ "Syria Islamist factions, including former al Qaeda branch, join forces: statement". Reuters. 28 January 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
  11. ^ Fadel, Leith (28 January 2017). "Al-Qaeda merges with former US supplied rebel forces in Syria". Retrieved 28 January 2017.
  12. ^ Hassan, Hassan (31 Jan 2017). Twitter https://twitter.com/hxhassan/status/826516704658337794. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ^ Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad (29 Jan 2017). Twitter https://twitter.com/ajaltamimi/status/825807698423906304. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. ^ OGN - Tahreer Sham: Who won in this merger?. OGN TV. Jan 29, 2017.
  15. ^ Joscelyn, Thomas (28 Jan 2017). Twitter https://twitter.com/thomasjoscelyn/status/825426646689837056. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ^ Twitter. 29 Jan 2017 https://twitter.com/Terror_Monitor/status/825683136814026752. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  17. ^ "What triggered the infighting among Syrian rebels?". Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  18. ^ Illingworth, Andrew (1 February 2017). "US-led Coalition airstrike targets Carlton Hotel in Idlib city".
  19. ^ "The Last Moments Of A Suicide Bomber In Syria".
  20. ^ "Uzbek group pledges allegiance to Al Nusrah Front - FDD's Long War Journal".
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  59. ^ فيزو, محمد (1 Feb 2017). Twitter https://twitter.com/fezosyr/status/826838338334289922. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
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  62. ^ "Twitter / Account Suspended".
  63. ^ Leith Fadel (28 January 2017). "Al-Qaeda merges with former US supplied rebel forces in Syria". Al Masdar News. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  64. ^ a b Andrew Illingworth (28 January 2017). "Former inter-rebel war opponents of Jabhat Fateh al-Sham (JFS) now join JFS-led Hai'at Tahrir al-Sham operations room". Al Masdar News. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  65. ^ Alex MacDonald (16 February 2016). "Aleppo rebels unite under former Ahrar al-Sham commander". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  66. ^ "Syrian Nusra Front announces split from al-Qaeda". BBC News. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
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  78. ^ "Al Maqalaat Pubs on Twitter".
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  83. ^ "Al Maqalaat Pubs on Twitter". Retrieved 30 January 2017.


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