Ray Amm

Template:Infobox Former Grand Prix motorcycle rider William Raymond Amm (1928 – 11 April 1955) was born in Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia, was a famous post-war motorcycle racer famous for two motor-cycle Grand Prix wins and 3 wins at the Isle of Man TT Races in his career. After signing for the 1955 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season to ride for MV Agusta, Ray Amm was killed in his first race for MV Agusta in Italy in 1955.

Biography

A motor-trader from Salisbury in Southern Rhodesia , Ray Amm started racing when he was 17 years old. After the purchase of an AJS motor-cycle shortly after the end of the Second World War, Ray Amm started grass track-racing near Salisbury in Rhodesia and finished last in his first race. The next season the AJS motor-cycle was replaced with a Triumph motor-cycle. The purchase of a brand new Norton motor-cycle allowed Ray Amm to enter the prestigious 1949 Port Elizabeth 200 Motor-Cycle Race in South Africa and despite breaking the lap-record he finished in 17th place when the clutch started to slip. Again entering the 1950 Port Elizabeth 200, Ray Amm finished in 1st place for the 500cc race and set a new lap record of 95.86 mph. Another win followed in the 500cc class for the 1951 Port Elizabeth 2000 Race despite suffering carburation problems. After these successes the Salisbury Motor-Cycle Club helped with his passage to compete in Europe.

Racing in Europe

After ordering two Manx Norton motor-cycles before leaving Rhodesia for the 1955 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, Ray Amm discovered on arriving in Europe that they would not be delivered until the start of practice for the 1951 Isle of Man TT Races. To practice on short circuits before the Manx Nortons where delivered, a 'hack' 7R AJS motor-cycle was purchased and Ray Amm won the 350cc class at an Andreas Racing Association meeting in the Isle of Man.

The two Manx Nortons arrived on the first day of practice for the 1951 Isle of Man TT Races. Despite trouble with a gear lever finished in 9th place for the 1951 Junior TT Race at an average race speed of 81.59 mph. After a 20 minute delay, Ray Amm finished in 28th place for the 1951 Senior TT Race at an average race speed of 75.42 mph. For the 1952 Isle of Man TT Race, Ray Amm crashed at Braddan Bridge on lap 3 of the Junior Race. This was followed by a 3rd place in the 1952 Senior TT Race at an average race speed of 92.40 mph, a race that was won by Reg Armstrong for Norton.

Norton Team 1952-1954

For the 1952 Dutch TT, Ray Amm was a full member of the Norton team and was second to Geoff Duke in the 350cc Dutch TT and retired from the 500cc race. At the 1952 German Grand Prix held at Solitude, Ray Amm crashed and broke a leg, returning later in the 1952 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season to win the 350cc class for the 1952 Nations Grand Prix held at Monza in Italy.

For the 1953 racing season, Ray Amm debuted the controversial Norton Kneeler 350cc motor-cycle at the 1953 North West 200 Race. Despite over-heating problems the Norton Kneeler with the nickname the "Amm Sandwich" or "Silver-Fish", Ray Amm finished in 9th place in the 350cc class that was eventually won by Bob McIntyre at an average race speed of 86.86 mph. Despite testing the Norton Kneeler for practice for the 1953 Isle of Man TT Races, Ray Amm reverted back to the non-steamlined Norton motor-cycles due to handling problems with cross-winds on the Mountain Section of the course and also opposition by the TT Race Scrutineers. It proved a good choice as Ray Amm won the 1953 Junior TT Race at an average race speed of 90.52 mph from Ken Kavanagh in 2nd place and Fergus Anderson in 3rd place. Another win in the 1953 Senior TT Race for Ray Amm at an average race speed of 93.85 mph completed a prestigious Junior/Senior TT double win for the works Norton team. Following Ray Amm during the 1953 Senior TT Race, Geoff Duke commented on Ray Amm's distinctive riding style;- "After I had caught and passed Ray Amm on the Norton, he passed me at Ballugh when I missed a gearchange! Then there was the frightening experience of following him to the end of the lap, Ray could be pretty lurid when he was trying!" A fall at the 1953 French Grand Prix at Rouen in the 350cc class broke a collar-bone and brought about a premature end to championship ambitions for Ray Amm for the 1953 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. However, Ray Amm returned to the abortive Norton Kneeler project in November 1953 to set a number of world speed records at Montlhéry, France rasing the hour speed endurance record to a distance of 133.70 miles. Also at Montlhéry in November 1953, Ray Amm shared a streamlined Norton Sidecar outfit with Eric Oliver to set further speed records.

Again riding for the works Norton in 1954 Isle of Man TT Races, despite leading the 1954 Junior TT a retirement on lap 5 for Ray Amm, allows Rod Coleman to become the first New Zealander to win a TT Race at an average race speed of 91.51 mph. The 1954 Senior TT race was delayed due to weather conditions and reduced visibility on the Mountain Section of the course. The race is held after a short delay and starts at mid-day. Despite the conditions, Geoff Duke riding the works Gilera and leads Ray Amm riding for Norton by 14 seconds on lap 1. On the second lap, Geoff Duke laps in 26 minutes and 23 seconds at an average speed of 86.97 mph and Ray Amm laps at an average speed of 86.49 to reduce the lead to just 2 seconds.. Further heavy rain and low cloud on the Mountain Section reduces speed further and on lap 2 and Ray Amm uses "feet-down" tactics on the slower corners. Then Geoff Duke decides to refuel on lap 3 and Ray Amm in second place goes straight through without stopping and now leads Geoff Duke by 32 seconds. At the Windy Corner on lap 4, the visibility is down to 20 yards and a decision is made to stop the race because of the conditions. This allowed Ray Amm, due to refuel at the TT Grandstand on lap 4, to win the highly controversial 1954 Senior TT Race in 1 hour, 42 minutes and 46.8 seconds at an average race speed of 88.12 mph.

1954 Isle of Man Senior TT 500cc final standings

Friday 18 June 1954 - 4 Laps (150.92 Miles) Mountain Course.

Place	Rider	Number	Country	Machine	Speed	Time
1	Ray Amm		Rhodesia	Norton	88.12 mph	1:42.46.8
2	Geoff Duke		United Kingdom	Gilera	87.19 mph	1:43.52.6
3	Jack Brett		United Kingdom	Norton	86.04 mph	1:45.15.2

The next event after the 1954 Isle of Man TT Races was the Ulster Grand Prix held at the Dundrod Circuit in Northern Ireland. In an event that was much affected by rain, Ray Amm won the 350cc Ulster Grand Prix at an average race speed of 83.47 mph from Jack Brett in 2nd place and Bob McIntyre in 3rd place. The 500cc Ulster Grand Prix was reduced from 27 laps to 15 laps due to heavy rain and again the race was won by Ray Amm at an average race speed of 83.87 mph, although later these result was excluded from the World Championship by the FIM. A further Grand Prix win in 1954 follows for Ray Amm with another 350cc victory at the German Grand Prix held at Solitudering. At the end of the 1954 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season Ray Amm finished in 2nd place in both the 350cc and 500cc classifications behind world champions Fergus Anderson and Geoff Duke.

1954 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season 500cc Standings

Place	Rider	Number	Country	Machine	Points	Wins
1	Geoff Duke		United Kingdom	Gilera	40	5
2	Ray Amm	93	Rhodesia	Norton	20	1
3	Ken Kavanagh		Australia	Moto Guzzi	16	0

1954 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season 350cc Standings

Place	Rider	Number	Country	Machine	Points	Wins
1	Fergus Anderson		United Kingdom	Moto Guzzi	38	4
2	Ray Amm		Rhodesia	Norton	22	2
3	Rod Coleman	33	New Zealand	AJS	20	1

Moving to MV Agusta Team 1955

Despite many offers Ray Amm finally moved from the works Norton motor-cycles to the factory MV Agusta racing team. The debut race for Ray Amm and MV Agusta was to be the 1955 Easter Monday race meeting at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in Imola, Italy. Riding a 350cc four-cylinder MV Agusta in the Coppa d'Oro Shell Race, Ray Amm lost control at the Rivazza Corner as he pursued Kavanagh and crashed in slippery conditions and died of his injuries on the way to hospital.

Race Results

TT Race Victories

Year	Race & Capacity	Motorcycle	Average Speed
1953	Junior 350cc	Norton	90.52 mph
1953	Junior 350cc	Norton	93.85 mph
1954	Senior 500cc	Norton	88.12 mph

TT Career Summary

Finishing Position	1st	3rd	9th	28th	DNF
Number of times	3	1	1	1	2

FIM Motor-Cycle Grand Prix Results

Position	1	2	3	4	5	6
Points	8	6	4	3	2	1

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)

Year	Class	Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	Points	Rank	Wins
1951	350cc	Norton	ESP -	SUI -	IOM 9	BEL -	NED -	FRA -	ULS -	NAT -		0	-	0
	500cc	Norton	ESP -	SUI -	IOM 28	BEL -	NED -	FRA -	ULS -	NAT -		0	-	0
1952	350cc	Norton	SUI 6	IOM NC	NED 2	BEL 2	GER -	ULS -	NAT 1	ESP -		21	3rd	1
	500cc	Norton	SUI 6	IOM 3	NED -	BEL 3	GER -	ULS -	NAT -	ESP -		9	10th	0
1953	350cc	Norton	IOM 1	NED 2	BEL 3	GER -	FRA -	ULS -	SUI -	NAT -	ESP -	18	3rd	1
	500cc	Norton	IOM 1	NED -	BEL 2	GER -	FRA -	ULS -	SUI -	NAT -	ESP -	14	5th	1
1954	350cc	Norton	FRA -	IOM NC	ULS 1	BEL -	NED -	GER 1	SUI 3	NAT 5	ESP -	22	2nd	2
	500cc	Norton	FRA -	IOM 1	ULS 1 †	BEL -	NED -	GER 2	SUI 2	NAT -	ESP -	20	2nd	1

† The 500 cc race was stopped by bad weather, and the FIM excluded the race from the World Championship.

External links

• TT database rider profile iomtt.com
• TT database TT results iomtt.com