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"O soave fanciulla"

Enrico Caruso, Nellie Melba (1907)

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"O soave fanciulla" ("O gentle maiden") is a romantic duet from the first act of Giacomo Puccini's 1896 opera La bohème. It is sung as the closing number in act 1 by Rodolfo (tenor) and Mimì (soprano) where they realise they have fallen for each other.

Music

The duet, between 5 and 6 minutes in length, is written in the common time time signature, the key of A major, but ending in C major. The last bar in the orchestra is characterized by descending harp harmonics through the final C major chord.^[1]

When Mimì and Rodolfo realize they are in love (unison "A! tu sol comandi, amor!"/"Fremon già nell'anima"), the music returns to the opera's love leitmotif from Rodolfo's aria "Che gelida manina" (talor dal mio forziere). They leave the stage together singing Amor!. Mimì's last note is a high C, marked perdendosi (fading away), and while an E below is written for Rodolfo, many tenors also sing the high C, making the last note unison. Following Rodolfo's "Che gelida manina" and Mimì's "Sì, mi chiamano Mimì", the duet concludes one of the most romantic passages in all of opera.^[2]

Libretto

The libretto is by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa. Rodolfo and Mimì have met for the first time a few minutes ago. He told her about his life ("Che gelida manina"), and asked her to tell him about hers ("Sì, mi chiamano Mimì"). In this duet, "O soave fanciulla", they realize that they have fallen in love.

Rodolfo's friends call him to join them but he would rather stay with Mimì, but she shyly suggests they all go out together. Rodolfo remarks how cold it is outside, but Mimì promises to stay near to him. She leaves the possibility of a later return to the garret open. They leave the stage.^[3]^[4]

Italian lyrics	Literal translation	Singable translation
Mimì si è avvicinata ancor più alla finestra per modo che i raggi lunari la illuminano: Rodolfo, volgendosi, scorge Mimì avvolta come da un nimbo di luce, e la contempla, quasi estatico. Rodolfo: O soave fanciulla, o dolce viso di mite circonfuso alba lunar, in te, ravviso il sogno ch'io vorrei sempre sognar! Entrambi M: Ah, tu sol comandi, amor! R: Fremon già nell'anima le dolcezze estreme Mimì: assai commossa Tu sol comandi, amore! Entrambi Rodolfo cingendo colle braccia Mimì R: Fremon nell'anima dolcezze estreme, fremon dolcezze estreme, M: quasi abbandonandosi Oh come dolci scendono le sue lusinghe al core... Insieme M: Tu sol comandi, amor! R: nel bacio freme amor! Rodolfo bacia Mimì Mimì: svincolandosi No per pieta! Rodolfo: Sei mia! Mimì: V'aspettan gli amici... Rodolfo: Gia mi mandi via? Mimì: titubante Vorrei dir... ma non oso. Rodolfo: con gentilezza Di? Mimì: con graziosa furberia Se venissi con voi? Rodolfo: sorpreso Che? Mimì! insinuante Sarebbe cosi dolce restar qui. C'e freddo fuori. Mimì: con grande abbandono Vi staro vicina! Rodolfo: E al ritorno? Mimì: maliziosa Curioso! Rodolfo: Aiuta amorosamente Mimì a mettersi lo scialle Dammi il braccio, o mia piccina... Mimì: Dà il braccio a Rodolfo Obbedisco, signor! S'avviano sottobraccio alla porta d'uscita Rodolfo: Che m'ami...di... Mimì: con abbandono Io t'amo. Insieme Amor! Amor! Amor!	At the window, Mimì is illuminated by the moon's rays. Turning, Rodolfo sees Mimì wrapped in a halo of moonlight. He contemplates her, in ecstasy. Rodolfo: Oh lovely girl, oh sweet face bathed in the soft moonlight, I see you in a dream I'd dream forever! Both M: Ah! Love, you rule alone! R: Already the soul trembles extreme kindness Mimì: very moved Ah! Love, you rule alone! Both Rodolfo putting his arms around her R: The soul trembles the heights of tenderness trembling are the heights of tenderness M: almost surrendering How sweet his flatteries enter my heart... Together M: You rule alone, oh love! R: Love trembles at our kiss! kisses her Mimì: freeing herself No, I beg you! Rodolfo: You're mine now! Mimì: Your friends are still waiting... Rodolfo: So soon must I leave you? Mimì: hesitant I dare not... say what I'd like. Rodolfo: with kindness Tell me? Mimì: with graceful cleverness If I came with you? Rodolfo: surprised What? Mimì! insinuating It would be so fine to stay here. It's freezing outside. Mimì: with great abandon I'd be right beside you! Rodolfo: What about later? Mimì: mischievous Who knows? Rodolfo: helping lovingly Mimì to put on her shawl Take my arm, my dear young lady... Mimì: gives Rodolfo her arm I obey, my dear sir! they exit arm in arm Rodolfo: Do you love me, say... Mimì: with abandon I love you.. Together Love! Love! Love!	Rodolfo: Lovely maid in the moonlight, Your face entrancing like radiant seraph from on high appears As thus I watch you, The dream that I would ever dream returns. Both M: Love alone o'er hearts has sway ... R: Heart to heart, and soul to soul love binds us in his fetters. Mimì: Ah love, to thee do we surrender Both R: Love now shall rule our hearts alone shall rule our hearts alone M: Sweet to my soul the magic voice of love its music chanteth Together Life's fairest flower is love ... Mimì: No, I pray you! Rodolfo: My sweethart! Mimì: Your comrades await you. Rodolfo: Do you then dismiss me? Mimì: I should like no, I dare not ... Rodolfo: Say! Mimì: Could I not come with you? Rodolfo: What? Mimì! It would be much more pleasant here to stay, Outside it's chilly. Mimì: I'll be always near you! Rodolfo: On returning? Mimì: Who knows, sir? Rodolfo: Take my arm, my little maiden Mimì: Very well, I obey. Rodolfo: You love me? Say ... Mimì: I love thee. Both My love!^[5]

References

^ Arthur Groos and Roger Parker: Giacomo Puccini – La bohème, Cambridge Opera Handbooks, Cambridge University Press, 1986, ISBN 9780521319133, pp. 16–17
^ Stu Lewis (2013), "La bohème – in-depth guide", p. 5, Kansas City Lyric Opera Guild
^ "O soave fanciulla", opera-arias.com
^ "O soave fanciulla", Music Lyrics Database
^ Piano vocal score, translated by William Grist, pp. 79–84, William and Gayle Cook Music Library, Indiana University School of Music

External links

List of notable recordings by Neil Kurtzman, medicine-opera.com
"O soave fanciulla" on YouTube, performed live by Renata Tebaldi and Jussi Björling, 1956
"O soave fanciulla" on YouTube, Renata Scotto and Luciano Pavarotti, Metropolitan Opera, 1977
End of act 1 on YouTube, Cheryl Barker, David Hobson, Baz Luhrmann's production for Opera Australia, 1993

[1] Arthur Groos and Roger Parker: Giacomo Puccini – La bohème, Cambridge Opera Handbooks, Cambridge University Press, 1986, ISBN 9780521319133, pp. 16–17

[2] Stu Lewis (2013), "La bohème – in-depth guide", p. 5, Kansas City Lyric Opera Guild

[3] "O soave fanciulla", opera-arias.com

[4] "O soave fanciulla", Music Lyrics Database

[5] Piano vocal score, translated by William Grist, pp. 79–84, William and Gayle Cook Music Library, Indiana University School of Music

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Duet from the opera ''La bohème'' by Giacomo Puccini}}
 {{Listen|type=music
 |filename=Enrico Caruso - Nellie Melba - La bohème - O soave fanciulla (restored).ogg|title="O soave fanciulla"|description=[[Enrico Caruso]], [[Nellie Melba]] (1907)}}
-"'''O soave fanciulla'''" (O gentle maiden) is a [[Romantic music|romantic]] [[duet]] from the first act of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s 1896 [[opera]] ''[[La bohème]]'' It is sung as the closing number in act 1 by Rodolfo ([[tenor]]) and Mimì ([[soprano]]) where they realise they have fallen for each other.
+{{lang|it|italic=no|cat=no|"'''O soave fanciulla'''"}} ("O gentle maiden") is a [[Romantic music|romantic]] [[duet]] from the first act of [[Giacomo Puccini]]'s 1896 [[opera]] {{lang|fr|[[La bohème]]}}. It is sung as the closing number in act 1 by Rodolfo ([[tenor]]) and Mimì ([[soprano]]) where they realise they have fallen for each other.
 ==Music==
-The duet, between 5 and 6 minutes in length, is written in the [[common time]] [[time signature]], the [[key (music)|key]] of [[A major]], but ending in [[C major]]. The last bar in the orchestra is characterized by descending [[harp]] harmonics through the final C major chord.<ref>Arthur Groos and Roger Parker: Giacomo Puccini – ''La bohème'', Cambridge Opera Handbooks, Cambridge University Press, 1986, {{ISBN|9780521319133}}, pp. 16–17</ref>
+The duet, between 5 and 6 minutes in length, is written in the [[common time]] [[time signature]], the [[key (music)|key]] of [[A major]], but ending in [[C major]]. The last bar in the orchestra is characterized by descending [[harp]] harmonics through the final C major chord.<ref>[[Arthur Groos]] and [[Roger Parker]]: ''Giacomo Puccini – {{lang|fr|La bohème}}'', Cambridge Opera Handbooks, Cambridge University Press, 1986, {{ISBN|9780521319133}}, pp. 16–17</ref>
-When Mimì and Rodolfo realize they are in love ([[unison]] "A! tu sol comandi, amor!"/"Fremon già nell'anima"), the music returns to the opera's love [[leitmotif]] from Rodolfo's aria "Che gelida manina" ("talor dal mio forziere"). They leave the stage together singing "Amor!". Mimì's last note is a high C, marked ''[[perdendosi]]'' (fading away), and while an E below is written for Rodolfo, many tenors also sing the high C, making the last note unison. Following Rodolfo's "[[Che gelida manina]]" and Mimì's "Sì, mi chiamano Mimì", the duet concludes one of most romantic passages in all of opera.<ref>[https://kcopera.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/la_boheme_guide.pdf "''La bohème'' – in-depth guide"] by Stu Lewis, p. 5, [[Lyric Opera of Kansas City|Kansas City Lyric Opera]] Guild, 2013</ref>
+When Mimì and Rodolfo realize they are in love ([[unison]] {{lang|it|"A! tu sol comandi, amor!"/"Fremon già nell'anima"|italic=no}}), the music returns to the opera's love [[leitmotif]] from Rodolfo's aria {{lang|it|italic=no|"[[Che gelida manina]]"}} ({{lang|it|talor dal mio forziere}}). They leave the stage together singing {{lang|it|Amor!}}. Mimì's last note is a [[high C]], marked {{lang|it|[[perdendosi]]}} (fading away), and while an E below is written for Rodolfo, many tenors also sing the high C, making the last note unison. Following Rodolfo's {{lang|it|"Che gelida manina"|italic=no}} and Mimì's {{lang|it|"Sì, mi chiamano Mimì"|italic=no}}, the duet concludes one of the most romantic passages in all of opera.<ref>Stu Lewis (2013), [https://kcopera.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/la_boheme_guide.pdf "{{lang|fr|cat=no|La bohème}} – in-depth guide"], p. 5, [[Lyric Opera of Kansas City|Kansas City Lyric Opera]] Guild</ref>
 ==Libretto==
-The [[libretto]] is by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]. Rodolfo and Mimì have met for the first time a few minutes ago. He told her about his life ("Che gelida manina"), and asked her to tell him about hers ("Sì, mi chiamano Mimì"). In this duet, "O soave fanciulla", they realize that they have fallen in love.
+The [[libretto]] is by [[Luigi Illica]] and [[Giuseppe Giacosa]]. Rodolfo and Mimì have met for the first time a few minutes ago. He told her about his life ({{lang|it|"Che gelida manina"|italic=no}}), and asked her to tell him about hers ({{lang|it|"Sì, mi chiamano Mimì"}}). In this duet, {{lang|it|italic=no|"O soave fanciulla"}}, they realize that they have fallen in love.
-Rodolfo's friends call him to join them but he would rather stay with Mimì, but she shyly suggests they all go out together. Rodolfo remarks how [[Baby, It's Cold Outside|cold it is outside]], but Mimì promises to stay near to him. She leaves the possibility of a later return to the [[garret]] open. They leave the stage.<ref>[https://www.opera-arias.com/puccini/la-boh%C3%A8me/o-soave-fanciulla/ "O soave fanciulla"]. opera-arias.com.</ref><ref>[http://www.mldb.org/song-176544-o-soave-fanciulla.html "O soave fanciulla"]. Music Lyrics Database site</ref>
+Rodolfo's friends call him to join them but he would rather stay with Mimì, but she shyly suggests they all go out together. Rodolfo remarks how cold it is outside, but Mimì promises to stay near to him. She leaves the possibility of a later return to the [[garret]] open. They leave the stage.<ref>[https://www.opera-arias.com/puccini/la-boh%C3%A8me/o-soave-fanciulla/ "O soave fanciulla"], opera-arias.com</ref><ref>[http://www.mldb.org/song-176544-o-soave-fanciulla.html "O soave fanciulla"], Music Lyrics Database</ref>
 {| class="wikitable"
-! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" |&nbsp;
+! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" | Italian lyrics
 ! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" |Literal translation
 ! scope="col" style="width: 33%;" |Singable translation
@@ Line 32: / Line 33: @@
 '''Mimì:''' ''assai commossa'' Tu sol comandi, amore!
-'''Entrambi''' ''Rodolfo cingendo colle braccia Mimì'
+'''Entrambi''' ''Rodolfo cingendo colle braccia Mimì''
 '''R:''' Fremon nell'anima
 dolcezze estreme,
@@ Line 42: / Line 43: @@
 '''Insieme'''
 '''M:''' Tu sol comandi, amor!
-'''R:''' nel baccio freme amor!
+'''R:''' nel bacio freme amor!
 ''Rodolfo bacia Mimì''
@@ Line 51: / Line 52: @@
 '''Rodolfo:''' Gia mi mandi via?
-'''Mimì:''' ''titubante'' Vorrei dir... ma non osso.
+'''Mimì:''' ''titubante'' Vorrei dir... ma non oso.
 '''Rodolfo:''' ''con gentilezza'' Di?
@@ Line 78: / Line 79: @@
 '''Insieme''' Amor! Amor! Amor!</poem>
-|<poem>''At the window, Mimì is illuminated by the moon's rays. Turning, Rodolfo sees Mimì wrapped in a halo of moonlight. He comtemplates her, in ecstasy.''
+|<poem>''At the window, Mimì is illuminated by the moon's rays. Turning, Rodolfo sees Mimì wrapped in a halo of moonlight. He contemplates her, in ecstasy.''
 '''Rodolfo:'''
 Oh lovely girl, oh sweet face
@@ Line 207: / Line 208: @@
 ==External links==
 * [http://medicine-opera.com/2017/02/o-soave-fanciulla/ List of notable recordings] by Neil Kurtzman, medicine-opera.com
-* {{YouTube|EZJqR_8uE9s|O soave fanciulla}}, performed live by [[Renata Tebaldi]] and [[Jussi Björling]], 1956
+* {{YouTube|EZJqR_8uE9s|"O soave fanciulla"}}, performed live by [[Renata Tebaldi]] and [[Jussi Björling]], 1956
-* {{YouTube|LYB5QS8LS-4|"O soave fanciulla"}}, [[Renata Scotto]] and [[Luciano Pavarotti]], [[Metropolitan Opera]], 1977
+* {{YouTube|LYB5QS8LS-4|"O soave fanciulla"|link=no}}, [[Renata Scotto]] and [[Luciano Pavarotti]], [[Metropolitan Opera]], 1977
 * {{YouTube|zRBJqMNAHVQ|End of act 1|link=no}}, [[Cheryl Barker]], [[David Hobson (tenor)|David Hobson]], [[Baz Luhrmann]]'s production for [[Opera Australia]], 1993
 {{Giacomo Puccini}}
 {{Portal bar|Opera}}
-{{Authority control|VIAF=182661760|MBW=370fca79-6c30-3aff-b80f-a79a014a8cee|LCCN=n/81/081236}}
+{{Authority control}}
 [[Category:Arias by Giacomo Puccini]]
@@ Line 220: / Line 221: @@
 [[Category:Male–female vocal duets]]
 [[Category:1896 compositions]]
+[[Category:Compositions in A major]]

v t e Giacomo Puccini
List of compositions
Operas	Le Villi (1884) Edgar (1889) Manon Lescaut (1893) La bohème (1896) discography Tosca (1900) discography Madama Butterfly (1904) discography La fanciulla del West (1910) La rondine (1917) Il trittico (1918) Il tabarro Suor Angelica Gianni Schicchi discography Turandot (1924) discography
Arias	"Torna ai felici dì" "Donna non vidi mai" "Quando me'n vo'" "E lucevan le stelle" "Recondita armonia" "Vissi d'arte" "Ch'ella mi creda" "O mio babbino caro" "In questa reggia" "Nessun dorma" "Non piangere, Liù" "Tu che di gel sei cinta" "Signore, ascolta!" "O soave fanciulla" "Che gelida manina" "Un bel dì, vedremo"
Other works	Messa di Gloria (1880) Requiem (1905)
Film adaptations	La Bohème (1926 film) Tosca (1956 film) La Bohème (1965 film) La Bohème (1988 film) La Bohème (2008 film) Tosca (2001 film)
Family	Jacopo Puccini (great-great-grandfather) Domenico Puccini (grandfather) Simonetta Puccini (granddaughter)
Related articles	Festival Puccini Giulio Ricordi Puccini Spur Villa Puccini
Category Audio

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Germany United States Poland
Other	MusicBrainz work