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{{Palestinian leaders}} |
{{Palestinian leaders}} |
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'''Nayef Hawatmeh'''{{efn|Also variously romanized as '''Naif Hawatma''' and '''Nayif Hawatme'''}} ({{ |
'''Nayef Hawatmeh'''{{efn|Also variously romanized as '''Naif Hawatma''' and '''Nayif Hawatme'''}} ({{langx|ar|نايف حواتمة|Nāyef Ḥawātmeh}}; [[Kunya (Arabic)|Kunya]]: '''Abu an-Nuf'''; born 17 November 1938) is a [[politics of Jordan|Jordanian politician]] who is the head of the [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Nayif Hawatmeh: Palestinian politician|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nayif-Hawatmeh|website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=5 July 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Nayef Hawatmeh, General Secretary of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine|url=http://www.dflp-palestine.net/english/about-dflp/nayef-hawatmeh-general-secretary-dflp.htm|website=Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine|access-date=16 December 2013|archive-date=11 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021737/http://www.dflp-palestine.net/english/about-dflp/nayef-hawatmeh-general-secretary-dflp.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Hawatmeh hails from a Jordanian clan and is a practicing [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church |Greek Catholic]].{{verify source| reason = need to verify "practicing" and "Jordanian clan", he was born in Jordan to a Christian family, but his exact ethnicity and personal beliefs seem ambiguous. |date=August 2024}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Hawatmeh, Nayef (Abul Nouf) (1938-)|url=http://passia.org/personalities/349|website=Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-date=12 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012012932/http://passia.org/personalities/349 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/leader-of-palestinian-group-injured-in-syria-bomb/|work=The Seattle Times|access-date=11 October 2023|title=Leader of Palestinian group injured in Syria bomb|date=22 February 2013 |first=Albert |last=Aji |agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Ivanovich |first=David |date=12 September 1984|title=Christian Palestinians Share Moslems' Hopes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7L48AAAAIBAJ&dq=Christian+Palestinians+Share+Moslems%E2%80%99+Hopes&pg=PA14&article_id=6884,1537313|work=The Press-Courier|location=Oxnard-Camarillo-Port Hueneme Area}}</ref> He has been the General Secretary of the [[Marxism |Marxist]] [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] (DFLP) since its formation in a 1969 split from the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] (PFLP), of which he was also a founder. He was active as a leader in the [[Arab Nationalist Movement]] (ANM), which preceded the PFLP. |
Hawatmeh hails from a Jordanian clan and is a practicing [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church |Greek Catholic]].{{verify source| reason = need to verify "practicing" and "Jordanian clan", he was born in Jordan to a Christian family, but his exact ethnicity and personal beliefs seem ambiguous. |date=August 2024}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Hawatmeh, Nayef (Abul Nouf) (1938-)|url=http://passia.org/personalities/349|website=Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs|access-date=5 July 2024|archive-date=12 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012012932/http://passia.org/personalities/349 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/leader-of-palestinian-group-injured-in-syria-bomb/|work=The Seattle Times|access-date=11 October 2023|title=Leader of Palestinian group injured in Syria bomb|date=22 February 2013 |first=Albert |last=Aji |agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Ivanovich |first=David |date=12 September 1984|title=Christian Palestinians Share Moslems' Hopes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7L48AAAAIBAJ&dq=Christian+Palestinians+Share+Moslems%E2%80%99+Hopes&pg=PA14&article_id=6884,1537313|work=The Press-Courier|location=Oxnard-Camarillo-Port Hueneme Area}}</ref> He has been the General Secretary of the [[Marxism |Marxist]] [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] (DFLP) since its formation in a 1969 split from the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] (PFLP), of which he was also a founder. At the time, he was characterized as a [[Maoist]], and was satirically referred to as "Nayef [[Mao Zedong|Zedong]]".<ref>{{cite book |last=Takriti |first=Abdel Razzaq |title=Monsoon Revolution: Republicans, Sultans, and Empires in Oman, 1965–1976 |date=2013 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=9780199674435 |location=Oxford |pages=105 |quotation=In the late sixties and the early seventies, Maoism was so evident in the discourse of Nayef Hawatmeh, the founder of the Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PDFLP) that he was satirically dubbed Nayef Zedong.}}</ref> He was active as a leader in the [[Arab Nationalist Movement]] (ANM), which preceded the PFLP. |
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He presently resides in exile in [[Syria]], from which the DFLP receives some support. |
He presently resides in exile in [[Syria]], from which the DFLP receives some support. |
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Although the DFLP’s support has waned for a period under Hawatmeh's general secretariat, there has been an increase in the credibility and support of the DFLP among Palestinians and in the eyes of other groups, particularly in [[Gaza Strip|Gaza]]. In Gaza on 21 February 2023, the 54th anniversary of the group’s founding, hundreds of supporters as well as many armed fighters marched, carried the party banner and symbols, and chanted DFLP anti-Zionist slogans.<ref>{{cite web|title='Resistance and Unity': DFLP Supporters Rally in Gaza (PHOTOS) |url=https://www.palestinechronicle.com/resistance-and-unity-dflp-supporters-rally-in-gaza-photos/|website=Palestine Chronicle|access-date=11 October 2023|archive-date=22 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222032518/https://www.palestinechronicle.com/resistance-and-unity-dflp-supporters-rally-in-gaza-photos/ |url-status=live |date=21 February 2023}}</ref> |
Although the DFLP’s support has waned for a period under Hawatmeh's general secretariat, there has been an increase in the credibility and support of the DFLP among Palestinians and in the eyes of other groups, particularly in [[Gaza Strip|Gaza]]. In Gaza on 21 February 2023, the 54th anniversary of the group’s founding, hundreds of supporters as well as many armed fighters marched, carried the party banner and symbols, and chanted DFLP anti-Zionist slogans.<ref>{{cite web|title='Resistance and Unity': DFLP Supporters Rally in Gaza (PHOTOS) |url=https://www.palestinechronicle.com/resistance-and-unity-dflp-supporters-rally-in-gaza-photos/|website=Palestine Chronicle|access-date=11 October 2023|archive-date=22 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222032518/https://www.palestinechronicle.com/resistance-and-unity-dflp-supporters-rally-in-gaza-photos/ |url-status=live |date=21 February 2023}}</ref> |
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In 2023, the DFLP, under Hawatmeh's leadership, joined the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]] with their paramilitary wing, the [[National Resistance Brigades]]. The DFLP acknowledged their involvement through their party news, ''Al Hourriah'', on 8 October.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://alhourriah.org/article/125237|work=Alhourriah|access-date=11 October 2023|script-title=ar:خلال بيان لها قبل قليل.. كتائب المقاومة الوطنية (قوات الشهيد عمر القاسم) الجناح العسكري للجبهة الديمقراطية |date=8 October 2023 |language=ar}}</ref> |
In 2023, the DFLP, under Hawatmeh's leadership, joined the [[2023 Hamas attack on Israel]] with their paramilitary wing, the [[National Resistance Brigades]]. The DFLP acknowledged their involvement through their party news, ''Al Hourriah'', on 8 October.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://alhourriah.org/article/125237|work=Alhourriah|access-date=11 October 2023|script-title=ar:خلال بيان لها قبل قليل.. كتائب المقاومة الوطنية (قوات الشهيد عمر القاسم) الجناح العسكري للجبهة الديمقراطية |date=8 October 2023 |language=ar}}</ref> The National Resistance Brigades have since fought the IDF alongside Hamas and [[Palestinian Joint Operations Room|other allied Palestinian factions]] in subsequent battles of the [[Israel–Hamas war|Israel-Hamas war]] throughout the Gaza Strip.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2023-11-07 |title=Not only Hamas: eight factions at war with Israel in Gaza |url=https://www.newsweek.com/not-only-hamas-eight-factions-war-israel-gaza-1841292 |access-date=2024-09-22 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=22 May 2024 |title=With Al-Qassam and Al-Quds Brigades, four other armed Palestinian factions are fighting Israel in Gaza |url=https://www.newarab.com/news/four-other-armed-palestinian-groups-fighting-israel-gaza |website=The New Arab}}</ref> |
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Latest revision as of 17:52, 21 December 2024
Nayef Hawatmeh | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Hawatmeh in 2017 | |
| General Secretary Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine | |
| Assumed office 1969 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 November 1938 Al-Salt, Emirate of Transjordan |
| Political party | DFLP |
| Other political affiliations | Arab Nationalist Movement (before 1963) National Liberation Front (Yemen) (1963-1967) Popular Front for Liberation of Palestine (1968-1969) |
| Residence | Syria |
| Occupation | Political activist |
| Religion | Greek Catholicism[1][2][3] |
| Palestinian nationalism Factions and leaders | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Map: Birthplaces or family origins Details below: p. parents from, b. born in, d. death. |
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Nayef Hawatmeh[a] (Arabic: نايف حواتمة, romanized: Nāyef Ḥawātmeh; Kunya: Abu an-Nuf; born 17 November 1938) is a Jordanian politician who is the head of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine.[4][5]
Biography
[edit]Hawatmeh hails from a Jordanian clan and is a practicing Greek Catholic.[verification needed][6][7][8] He has been the General Secretary of the Marxist Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) since its formation in a 1969 split from the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), of which he was also a founder. At the time, he was characterized as a Maoist, and was satirically referred to as "Nayef Zedong".[9] He was active as a leader in the Arab Nationalist Movement (ANM), which preceded the PFLP.
He presently resides in exile in Syria, from which the DFLP receives some support.
Hawatmeh did not support Fatah's policy of non-interference in the host country’s internal affairs from 1969 and argued just before Black September that attacks against King Hussein's regime in Jordan had become inevitable.[10] He opposed the 1993 Oslo Accords, calling them a "sell-out," but became more conciliatory in the late 1990s. In 1999 he agreed to meet with Yassir Arafat, who had signed the accords, and even shook hands with Israeli President Ezer Weizmann at the funeral of King Hussein of Jordan, drawing strong criticism from his Palestinian and Arab peers.[11]
In 2004, he was briefly active in a joint Palestinian-Israeli non-governmental attempt to start a coalition of Palestinian groups supporting a two-state solution, and called for a cessation of hostilities in the al-Aqsa Intifada.
In 2007, Israel indicated it would allow him to travel to the West Bank for the first time since 1967, in order to participate in a meeting of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). In the end, he decided not to travel to West Bank due to what he described as "Israeli conditions for his visit."[12]
Although the DFLP’s support has waned for a period under Hawatmeh's general secretariat, there has been an increase in the credibility and support of the DFLP among Palestinians and in the eyes of other groups, particularly in Gaza. In Gaza on 21 February 2023, the 54th anniversary of the group’s founding, hundreds of supporters as well as many armed fighters marched, carried the party banner and symbols, and chanted DFLP anti-Zionist slogans.[13]
In 2023, the DFLP, under Hawatmeh's leadership, joined the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel with their paramilitary wing, the National Resistance Brigades. The DFLP acknowledged their involvement through their party news, Al Hourriah, on 8 October.[14] The National Resistance Brigades have since fought the IDF alongside Hamas and other allied Palestinian factions in subsequent battles of the Israel-Hamas war throughout the Gaza Strip.[15][16]
See also
[edit]- Palestine Liberation Organization
- George Habash
- Jordanian Christians
- Palestinian Christians
- Palestinian political violence
Notes
[edit]- ^ Also variously romanized as Naif Hawatma and Nayif Hawatme
References
[edit]- ^ "Hawatmeh, Nayef (Abul Nouf) (1938-)". Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
- ^ Aji, Albert (22 February 2013). "Leader of Palestinian group injured in Syria bomb". The Seattle Times. Associated Press. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
- ^ Ivanovich, David (12 September 1984). "Christian Palestinians Share Moslems' Hopes". The Press-Courier. Oxnard-Camarillo-Port Hueneme Area.
- ^ "Nayif Hawatmeh: Palestinian politician". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
- ^ "Nayef Hawatmeh, General Secretary of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine". Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
- ^ "Hawatmeh, Nayef (Abul Nouf) (1938-)". Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
- ^ Aji, Albert (22 February 2013). "Leader of Palestinian group injured in Syria bomb". The Seattle Times. Associated Press. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
- ^ Ivanovich, David (12 September 1984). "Christian Palestinians Share Moslems' Hopes". The Press-Courier. Oxnard-Camarillo-Port Hueneme Area.
- ^ Takriti, Abdel Razzaq (2013). Monsoon Revolution: Republicans, Sultans, and Empires in Oman, 1965–1976. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 105. ISBN 9780199674435.
In the late sixties and the early seventies, Maoism was so evident in the discourse of Nayef Hawatmeh, the founder of the Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PDFLP) that he was satirically dubbed Nayef Zedong.
- ^ Joseph Nevo (2008). "September 1970 in Jordan: A Civil War?". Civil Wars. 10 (3): 223. doi:10.1080/13698240802168056. S2CID 143923013.
- ^ "Death of a King; two old enemies meet and shake". The New York Times. Associated Press. 9 February 1999. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- ^ הנגבי: אישור לחוואתמה רק אם הוא יובא למשפט. Haaretz (in Hebrew). 13 July 2007. Archived from the original on 6 July 2024. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ^ "'Resistance and Unity': DFLP Supporters Rally in Gaza (PHOTOS)". Palestine Chronicle. 21 February 2023. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
- ^ خلال بيان لها قبل قليل.. كتائب المقاومة الوطنية (قوات الشهيد عمر القاسم) الجناح العسكري للجبهة الديمقراطية. Alhourriah (in Arabic). 8 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
- ^ "Not only Hamas: eight factions at war with Israel in Gaza". Newsweek. 7 November 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
- ^ "With Al-Qassam and Al-Quds Brigades, four other armed Palestinian factions are fighting Israel in Gaza". The New Arab. 22 May 2024.
Sources
[edit]- "Radical Palestinians bitter over Israel handshake". BBC News. 14 February 1999.
- "Arafat meets radical opponent". BBC News. 22 August 1999.
- "Key Palestinian exile may return". BBC News. 15 July 2007.
- "DFLP: Nayef Hawatmeh, General Secretary of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine". DFLP website. 13 October 2012. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
- Tucker, Spencer C.; Roberts, Priscilla (12 May 2008). "The Encyclopedia of the Arab Israeli Conflict". Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 9781851098422 – via Google Books.
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