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m Dragon challenge is no longer the only demolished B&M Project. Green Lantern at Six Flags Great Adventure is being demolished as well.
 
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| logo = Bolliger & Mabillard wordmark.svg
| logo = Bolliger & Mabillard wordmark.svg
| image = Shambala & Dragon Khan2.jpg
| image = Shambala & Dragon Khan2.jpg
| image_caption = Two of B&M's roller coasters, [[Shambhala (roller coaster)|Shambhala]] (back) and [[Dragon Khan]] (front) at [[PortAventura World]] in Spain
| type = Private
| type = Private
| foundation = 1988
| foundation = 1988
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| location_country = Switzerland
| location_country = Switzerland
| area_served = Worldwide
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|Walter Bolliger(CEO) |Claude Mabillard}}(VP) | Kim Jent(Structural engineer) | Sophie Bolliger (VP/Head of Sales)
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|Walter Bolliger (CEO) |Claude Mabillard (VP) | Kim Jent (Structural engineer) | Sophie Bolliger (VP/Head of Sales)}}
| products = {{Unbulleted list | [[Stand-up roller coaster|Stand-Up Coaster]] | [[Inverted roller coaster|Inverted Coaster]] | Sitting Coaster | [[Dive Coaster]] | [[hypercoaster|Hyper Coaster]] | [[Floorless Coaster]] | [[Flying roller coaster|Flying Coaster]] | [[Wing Coaster]] | Family Coaster | Surf Coaster}}
| products = {{Unbulleted list | [[Stand-up roller coaster|Stand-Up Coaster]] | [[Inverted roller coaster|Inverted Coaster]] | Sitting Coaster | [[Dive Coaster]] | [[hypercoaster|Hyper Coaster]] | [[Floorless Coaster]] | [[Flying roller coaster|Flying Coaster]] | [[Wing Coaster]] | Family Coaster | Surf Coaster}}
| industry = [[Roller coaster]] design
| industry = [[Roller coaster]] design
| num_employees = 37 (2012)
| num_employees = 37 (2012)
| homepage = {{Official Website|http://www.bolliger-mabillard.com}}
| homepage = {{Official website|http://www.bolliger-mabillard.com}}
}}
}}
'''Bolliger & Mabillard''', officially '''Bolliger & Mabillard Consulting Engineers, Inc.''' and often abbreviated '''B&M''', is a [[roller coaster]] design consultancy based in [[Monthey]], Switzerland. The company was founded in 1988 by engineers Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard, both of whom had worked for [[Giovanola]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/cd1.htm |title=Bolliger & Mabillard |access-date=May 20, 2007 |publisher=[[RCDB]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608130152/http://www.rcdb.com/cd1.htm |archive-date=June 8, 2007 }}</ref>
'''Bolliger & Mabillard''', officially '''Bolliger & Mabillard Consulting Engineers, Inc.''' and often abbreviated '''B&M''', is a [[roller coaster]] design consultancy based in [[Monthey]], Switzerland. The company was founded in 1988 by engineers Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard, both of whom had worked for [[Giovanola]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/cd1.htm |title=Bolliger & Mabillard |access-date=May 20, 2007 |publisher=[[RCDB]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608130152/http://www.rcdb.com/cd1.htm |archive-date=June 8, 2007 }}</ref>
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=== Roots ===
=== Roots ===
Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard started working for Giovanola, a manufacturing company which supplied rides to [[Intamin]], in the 1970s. During their time at Giovanola, they helped design the company's first [[stand-up roller coaster]], ''[[Batman The Escape|Shockwave]]'' (at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]]). They also worked on other projects, such as ''[[Flashback (roller coaster)|Z-Force]]'' (at [[Six Flags Great America]]).<ref name="Significance of B&M">{{cite web|url=http://coaster-net.com/blogs/158-the-significance-of-bolliger-mabillard/ |title=The Significance of Bolliger & Mabillard |publisher=Coaster-net.com |date=February 12, 2011 |access-date=June 30, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120427045703/http://www.coaster-net.com/blogs/158-the-significance-of-bolliger-mabillard/ |archive-date=April 27, 2012 }}</ref> Bolliger & Mabillard left Giovanola, but the company continued to use their track design; the company's roller coasters ''[[Goliath (Six Flags Magic Mountain)|Goliath]]'' (at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]]) and ''[[Titan (Six Flags Over Texas)|Titan]]'' (at [[Six Flags Over Texas]]), use a track style very similar to B&M's.<ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Titan|location=Six Flags Over Texas|rcdb_number=742|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Goliath|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=615|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard started working for Giovanola, a manufacturing company which supplied rides to [[Intamin]], in the 1970s. During their time at Giovanola, they helped design the company's first [[stand-up roller coaster]], ''[[Batman The Escape|Shockwave]]'' (at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]]). They also worked on other projects, such as ''[[Flashback (roller coaster)|Z-Force]]'' (at [[Six Flags Great America]]).<ref name="Significance of B&M">{{cite web|url=http://coaster-net.com/blogs/158-the-significance-of-bolliger-mabillard/ |title=The Significance of Bolliger & Mabillard |publisher=Coaster-net.com |date=February 12, 2011 |access-date=June 30, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120427045703/http://www.coaster-net.com/blogs/158-the-significance-of-bolliger-mabillard/ |archive-date=April 27, 2012 }}</ref> Bolliger & Mabillard left Giovanola, but the company continued to use that track design; the company's roller coasters ''[[Goliath (Six Flags Magic Mountain)|Goliath]]'' (at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]]) and ''[[Titan (Six Flags Over Texas)|Titan]]'' (at [[Six Flags Over Texas]]), use a track style very similar to B&M's.<ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Titan|location=Six Flags Over Texas|rcdb_number=742|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Goliath|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=615|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>


[[File:Batman The Ride SFGA.jpg|thumb|An inverted model with the curved drop, common on inverted roller coasters, [[Batman: The Ride]] at [[Six Flags Great Adventure]]]]
[[File:Batman The Ride SFGA.jpg|thumb|An inverted model with the curved drop, common on inverted roller coasters, [[Batman: The Ride]] at [[Six Flags Great Adventure]]]]


=== Launch ===
=== Launch ===
In 1987, Giovanola underwent a change of management, and B&M decided to leave and create their own company.<ref name="Significance of B&M"/> At the time, B&M employed four people, including two draftsmen: Bolliger and Mabillard. When B&M was created, the pair had agreed not to make any more amusement attractions.<ref name="CPV1"/><ref name="CPV2"/> However, Robert Mampe, [[Six Flags Great America]]'s staff engineer, had worked with both men during the construction of ''[[Flashback (Six Flags Magic Mountain)|Z-Force]]''; he contacted the newly-formed company and asked them to reconfigure the cars for their Giovanola-built, Intamin [[bobsled roller coaster|bobsled coaster]], to be relocated from [[Six Flags Great Adventure]].<ref name="RC!95">{{cite magazine | last = Davidson | first = Mark | year = 2005 | title = A Revolution on Rails: The Bolliger & Mabillard Story (Part I) | journal = RollerCoaster!|volume = dd27 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–46 | publisher=American Coaster Enthusiasts | location= Minneapolis, Minnesota | issn = 0896-7261}}</ref>
In 1987, Giovanola underwent a change of management, and the pair decided to leave and create their own company.<ref name="Significance of B&M"/> At the time, B&M employed four people, including two draftsmen: Bolliger and Mabillard. When B&M was created, the pair had agreed not to make any more amusement attractions.<ref name="CPV1"/><ref name="CPV2"/> However, Robert Mampe, [[Six Flags Great America]]'s staff engineer, had worked with both men during the construction of ''[[Flashback (Six Flags Magic Mountain)|Z-Force]]''; he contacted the newly-formed company and asked them to reconfigure the cars for its Giovanola-built, Intamin [[bobsled roller coaster|bobsled coaster]], to be relocated from [[Six Flags Great Adventure]].<ref name="RC!95">{{cite magazine | last = Davidson | first = Mark | year = 2005 | title = A Revolution on Rails: The Bolliger & Mabillard Story (Part I) | journal = RollerCoaster!|volume = dd27 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–46 | publisher=American Coaster Enthusiasts | location= Minneapolis, Minnesota | issn = 0896-7261}}</ref>


Following that project, Mampe asked the new company to design and build a stand-up roller coaster for [[Six Flags Great America]], similar to ''[[Batman The Escape|Shockwave]]'' at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]].<ref name="RC!95"/> B&M accepted the offer and hired two more draftsmen. But B&M had a problem regarding how and where to manufacture the track pieces for the roller coaster. With the favorable history of the work done by [[Clermont Steel Fabricators]] (on ''[[Vortex (Kings Island)|Vortex]]'', [[Kings Island]], and ''[[Shockwave (Six Flags Great America)|Shockwave]]'', [[Six Flags Great America]]), Walter Bolliger went to the steel plant and asked if they would be interested in manufacturing the track. Clermont Steel Fabricators accepted, and to this day, manufactures all of B&M’s roller coaster track pieces for all of North America.<ref name="NPN:B&M">{{cite web |url=http://newsplusnotes.blogspot.ca/2008/12/scott-carol-present.html |title=Scott & Carol Present: Getting On Track With B&M |publisher=NewsPlusNotes |date=December 11, 2008 |access-date=September 6, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055515/http://newsplusnotes.blogspot.ca/2008/12/scott-carol-present.html |archive-date=September 21, 2013 }}</ref> Now with a company to manufacture the track, B&M built its first roller coaster, a stand-up roller coaster, ''[[Apocalypse (Six Flags America)|Iron Wolf]]'', which opened in 1990 at [[Six Flags Great America]].<ref name="CPV1" /><ref name="CPV2" /> Two years later, Bolliger & Mabillard built another project for Six Flags Great America, ''[[Batman: The Ride]]'', the world's first [[inverted roller coaster]], which brought them to prominence in the industry.<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 5272984 | status = patent | title = Amusement ride of the roller coaster type | gdate = December 28, 1993 | fdate = November 13, 1992 | invent1 = Bolliger, Walter | invent2 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Le, Mark T.}}</ref><ref name="BatmanSFGA">{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags Great America|rcdb_number=5|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
Following that project, Mampe asked the new company to design and build a stand-up roller coaster for [[Six Flags Great America]], similar to ''[[Batman The Escape|Shockwave]]'' at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]].<ref name="RC!95"/> B&M accepted the offer and hired two more draftsmen. But B&M had a problem regarding how and where to manufacture the track pieces for the roller coaster. With the favorable history of the work done by [[Clermont Steel Fabricators]] (on ''[[Vortex (Kings Island)|Vortex]]'', [[Kings Island]], and ''[[Shockwave (Six Flags Great America)|Shockwave]]'', [[Six Flags Great America]]), Walter Bolliger went to the steel plant and asked if they would be interested in manufacturing the track. Clermont Steel Fabricators accepted, and to this day, manufactures all of B&M's roller coaster track pieces for all of North America.<ref name="NPN:B&M">{{cite web |url=http://newsplusnotes.blogspot.ca/2008/12/scott-carol-present.html |title=Scott & Carol Present: Getting On Track With B&M |publisher=NewsPlusNotes |date=December 11, 2008 |access-date=September 6, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055515/http://newsplusnotes.blogspot.ca/2008/12/scott-carol-present.html |archive-date=September 21, 2013 }}</ref> Now with a company to manufacture the track, B&M built its first roller coaster, a stand-up roller coaster, ''[[Apocalypse (Six Flags America)|Iron Wolf]]'', which opened in 1990 at [[Six Flags Great America]].<ref name="CPV1" /><ref name="CPV2" /> Two years later, Bolliger & Mabillard built another project for Six Flags Great America, ''[[Batman: The Ride]]'', the world's first [[inverted roller coaster]], which brought them to prominence in the industry.<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 5272984 | status = patent | title = Amusement ride of the roller coaster type | gdate = December 28, 1993 | fdate = November 13, 1992 | invent1 = Bolliger, Walter | invent2 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Le, Mark T.}}</ref><ref name="BatmanSFGA">{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags Great America|rcdb_number=5|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>


=== Development ===
=== Development ===
Bolliger & Mabillard also invented the [[Floorless Coaster]]<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 6352034 | status = patent | title = Installation for amusement park, installation referred to as roller coaster | gdate = March 5, 2002 | fdate = October 22, 1999 | invent1 = Bolliger, Walter | invent2 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Morano, Joseph}}</ref> and the [[Dive Coaster]]. The company also built its first [[launched roller coaster]], the ''[[The Incredible Hulk Coaster|Incredible Hulk]]'', which is at [[Islands of Adventure]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themeparkinsider.com/flume/201510/4775/|title=Yes, Bolliger & Mabillard is Building the New Hulk Coaster at Universal Orlando|website=Theme Park Insider|access-date=2019-07-07}}</ref> In 2010, B&M unveiled its new [[Wing Coaster]] and premiered the prototype model, named ''[[Raptor (Gardaland)|Raptor]]'', at [[Gardaland]] in 2011.<ref name="X-Flight wing coaster premieres at Six Flags Great America in May">{{cite news|last=MacDonald|first=Brady|title=X-Flight wing coaster premieres at Six Flags Great America in May|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2012/apr/11/news/la-trb-xflight-six-flags-great-america-04201211|access-date=July 7, 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=April 11, 2012}}</ref> It has two seats on each side on the car that hang riders over the sides of the track. {{As of|2019||df=}} there are fifteen in operation.<ref name="X-Flight wing coaster premieres at Six Flags Great America in May" /> In 2015, B&M constructed ''[[Thunderbird (Holiday World)|Thunderbird]]'' at [[Holiday World & Splashin' Safari]], its first in-house launched coaster.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indystar.com/story/entertainment/2014/07/24/rumors-explode-holiday-world-mystery-ride/13087023/|title=Holiday World takes flight with $22M Thunderbird wing coaster|first=Bill |last=McCleery |newspaper=Indianapolis Star |date=July 24, 2014 |access-date=July 24, 2014}}</ref>
Bolliger & Mabillard also invented the [[Floorless Coaster]]<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 6352034 | status = patent | title = Installation for amusement park, installation referred to as roller coaster | gdate = March 5, 2002 | fdate = October 22, 1999 | invent1 = Bolliger, Walter | invent2 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Morano, Joseph}}</ref> and the [[Dive Coaster]]. The company also built its first [[launched roller coaster]], the ''[[The Incredible Hulk Coaster|Incredible Hulk]]'', which is at [[Islands of Adventure]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themeparkinsider.com/flume/201510/4775/|title=Yes, Bolliger & Mabillard is Building the New Hulk Coaster at Universal Orlando|website=Theme Park Insider|access-date=2019-07-07}}</ref> In 2010, B&M unveiled its new [[Wing Coaster]] and premiered the prototype model, named ''[[Raptor (Gardaland)|Raptor]]'', at [[Gardaland]] in 2011.<ref name="X-Flight wing coaster premieres at Six Flags Great America in May">{{cite news|last=MacDonald|first=Brady|title=X-Flight wing coaster premieres at Six Flags Great America in May|url=https://www.latimes.com/travel/la-xpm-2012-apr-11-la-trb-xflight-six-flags-great-america-04201211-story.html|access-date=July 7, 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=April 11, 2012}}</ref> It has two seats on each side on the car that hang riders over the sides of the track. {{As of|2019||df=}} there are fifteen in operation.<ref name="X-Flight wing coaster premieres at Six Flags Great America in May" /> In 2015, B&M constructed ''[[Thunderbird (Holiday World)|Thunderbird]]'' at [[Holiday World & Splashin' Safari]], its first in-house launched coaster.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indystar.com/story/entertainment/2014/07/24/rumors-explode-holiday-world-mystery-ride/13087023/|title=Holiday World takes flight with $22M Thunderbird wing coaster|first=Bill |last=McCleery |newspaper=Indianapolis Star |date=July 24, 2014 |access-date=July 24, 2014}}</ref>


By 2010, B&M employed twelve engineers, twelve draftsmen and two draftswomen.<ref name="CPV1">{{cite web|author=PointBuzz |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQV18vNQBsw |title=Cedar Point Video – Walter Bolliger at CoasterMania! 2010 (Part 1 / 2) |publisher=YouTube |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref><ref name="CPV2">{{cite web|author=PointBuzz |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbfQFyFs39k |title=Cedar Point Video – Walter Bolliger at CoasterMania! 2010 (Part 2 / 2) |publisher=YouTube |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref> The company has made other contributions to the roller coaster industry. The company built the trains for the ''[[Psyclone (roller coaster)|Psyclone]]'', a now-demolished [[wooden roller coaster]] at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]]. The trains were later used on the park's ''[[Colossus (Six Flags Magic Mountain)|Colossus]]'' wooden roller coaster (until it was refurbished by Rocky Mountain Construction), but were only used during October each year. The trains faced backward and usually raced against trains on the second track, which ran forward.<ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Psyclone|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=27|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
By 2010, B&M employed twelve engineers, twelve draftsmen and two draftswomen.<ref name="CPV1">{{cite web|author=PointBuzz |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQV18vNQBsw |title=Cedar Point Video – Walter Bolliger at CoasterMania! 2010 (Part 1 / 2) |publisher=YouTube |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref><ref name="CPV2">{{cite web|author=PointBuzz |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbfQFyFs39k |title=Cedar Point Video – Walter Bolliger at CoasterMania! 2010 (Part 2 / 2) |publisher=YouTube |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref> The company has made other contributions to the roller coaster industry. The company built the trains for the ''[[Psyclone (roller coaster)|Psyclone]]'', a now-demolished [[wooden roller coaster]] at [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]]. The trains were later used on the park's ''[[Colossus (Six Flags Magic Mountain)|Colossus]]'' wooden roller coaster (until it was refurbished by Rocky Mountain Construction), but were only used during October each year. The trains faced backward and usually raced against trains on the second track, which ran forward.<ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Psyclone|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=27|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
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In 2013, the company launched the construction of [[Banshee (roller coaster)|Banshee]], the world's longest inverted roller coaster.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newsparcs.com/en/article/00006074-bolliger_mabillard_to_supply_world_s_longestinverted_roller_coaster_at_kings_island_in_2014/fb|title=NewsParcs - Bolliger & Mabillard to supply world's longest inverted roller coaster at Kings Island in 2014|website=NewsParcs|access-date=2019-07-07}}</ref> B&M supplied new trains for [[Steel Dragon 2000]], built by [[D. H. Morgan Manufacturing]] in 2000.<ref name="Nagashima website">{{cite web|title="Steel Dragon 2000 new" is finally here! Debut on March 15, 2013 (Friday)!|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nagashima-onsen.co.jp%2Fpage.jsp%3Fid%3D10589|publisher=Nagashima Spa Land|access-date=March 18, 2013|date=March 13, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Steel Dragon 2000 Adds B&M Trains">{{cite web|title=Steel Dragon 2000 Adds B&M Trains |url=http://vhcoasters.com/2013/03/17/steel-dragon-2000-adds-bm-trains/# |publisher=VHCoasters.com |access-date=March 18, 2013 |date=March 17, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320180256/http://vhcoasters.com/2013/03/17/steel-dragon-2000-adds-bm-trains/ |archive-date=March 20, 2013 }}</ref> As of 2012, Bolliger & Mabillard had 85 operating roller coasters worldwide.<ref name="B&Mlist" /> Of these, twenty-two were listed among that year's ''[[Amusement Today]]'' [[Golden Ticket Awards]] Top 50 Steel Coasters List for 2012 and five were in the top 10.
In 2013, the company launched the construction of [[Banshee (roller coaster)|Banshee]], the world's longest inverted roller coaster.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newsparcs.com/en/article/00006074-bolliger_mabillard_to_supply_world_s_longestinverted_roller_coaster_at_kings_island_in_2014/fb|title=NewsParcs - Bolliger & Mabillard to supply world's longest inverted roller coaster at Kings Island in 2014|website=NewsParcs|access-date=2019-07-07}}</ref> B&M supplied new trains for [[Steel Dragon 2000]], built by [[D. H. Morgan Manufacturing]] in 2000.<ref name="Nagashima website">{{cite web|title="Steel Dragon 2000 new" is finally here! Debut on March 15, 2013 (Friday)!|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nagashima-onsen.co.jp%2Fpage.jsp%3Fid%3D10589|publisher=Nagashima Spa Land|access-date=March 18, 2013|date=March 13, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Steel Dragon 2000 Adds B&M Trains">{{cite web|title=Steel Dragon 2000 Adds B&M Trains |url=http://vhcoasters.com/2013/03/17/steel-dragon-2000-adds-bm-trains/# |publisher=VHCoasters.com |access-date=March 18, 2013 |date=March 17, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320180256/http://vhcoasters.com/2013/03/17/steel-dragon-2000-adds-bm-trains/ |archive-date=March 20, 2013 }}</ref> As of 2012, Bolliger & Mabillard had 85 operating roller coasters worldwide.<ref name="B&Mlist" /> Of these, twenty-two were listed among that year's ''[[Amusement Today]]'' [[Golden Ticket Awards]] Top 50 Steel Coasters List for 2012 and five were in the top 10.


By 2016, Bolliger & Mabillard had completed their 100th coaster, and had built more roller coasters than any other manufacturer on the Golden Ticket Awards Steel Coasters list.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.goldenticketawards.com/pdfs/at_goldenticket_2012_web.pdf |title=Amusement Today&nbsp;— Golden Ticket Winners 2012 |magazine=Amusement Today |access-date=September 10, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919232328/http://www.goldenticketawards.com/pdfs/at_goldenticket_2012_web.pdf |archive-date=September 19, 2012 }}</ref>
By 2016, Bolliger & Mabillard had completed its 100th coaster, and had built more roller coasters than any other manufacturer on the Golden Ticket Awards Steel Coasters list.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.goldenticketawards.com/pdfs/at_goldenticket_2012_web.pdf |title=Amusement Today&nbsp;— Golden Ticket Winners 2012 |magazine=Amusement Today |access-date=September 10, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919232328/http://www.goldenticketawards.com/pdfs/at_goldenticket_2012_web.pdf |archive-date=September 19, 2012 }}</ref>


==Features==
==Features==
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[[Image:Pre-drop.jpg|left|thumb|Diagram comparing a standard lift hill and the B&M pre-drop lift hill.|305x305px]]
[[Image:Pre-drop.jpg|left|thumb|Diagram comparing a standard lift hill and the B&M pre-drop lift hill.|305x305px]]


Early Bolliger & Mabillard coasters feature an element known as a "pre-drop", a short drop after the top of the lift hill and before the start of the first drop, designed to reduce stress on the lift chain. The flat section between the pre-drop and the first drop serves as a shelf to support the weight of the train, reducing related stresses on the chain. On most coasters without a pre-drop, the weight of the train tends to pull on the lift chain as it begins its descent because the latter half of the train is still being lifted by the chain. Pre-drops have not been used on the company's Dive or Flying coasters, or on hyper coasters built after 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&ml=6803 |title=Dive Machine |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&ml=6805 |title=Flying Coaster |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref> ''[[OzIris]]'' at [[Parc Astérix]] was the first B&M inverted roller coaster that does not feature a pre-drop.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/9675.htm?p=37944 |title=OzIris |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref> Ever since, no coaster built by B&M has featured a pre-drop<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rcdb.com/6817.htm#p=51270 |title=Nitro - Adlabs Imagica |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=March 25, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://rcdb.com/6640.htm#p=52931 |title=Banshee - Kings Island |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=March 25, 2017}}</ref> because the chain accelerates to acquire the same speed as the train when it is being taken over by gravity after it passes the crest .
Early Bolliger & Mabillard coasters feature an element known as a "pre-drop", a short drop after the top of the lift hill and before the start of the first drop, designed to reduce stress on the lift chain. The flat section between the pre-drop and the first drop serves as a shelf to support the weight of the train, reducing related stresses on the chain. On most coasters without a pre-drop, the weight of the train tends to pull on the lift chain as it begins its descent because the latter half of the train is still being lifted by the chain. Pre-drops have not been used on the company's Dive or Flying coasters, or on hyper coasters built after 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&ml=6803 |title=Dive Machine |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&ml=6805 |title=Flying Coaster |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref> ''[[OzIris]]'' at [[Parc Astérix]] was the first B&M inverted roller coaster that does not feature a pre-drop.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/9675.htm?p=37944 |title=OzIris |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref> Ever since, no coaster built by B&M has featured a pre-drop<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rcdb.com/6817.htm#p=51270 |title=Nitro - Adlabs Imagica |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=March 25, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://rcdb.com/6640.htm#p=52931 |title=Banshee - Kings Island |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=March 25, 2017}}</ref> because the chain accelerates to acquire the same speed as the train when it is being taken over by gravity after it passes the crest.


===Trains===
===Trains===
Most of Bolliger & Mabillard's roller coaster [[train (roller coaster)|trains]] use four-abreast seating. Each car has one row of four seats, while the train length can vary between coasters. All of the company's coaster models, except the Dive Coaster, Wing Coaster, Family Inverted Coaster and Surf Coaster use this configuration. The Dive Coaster uses six, seven, eight or ten-abreast seating, with two or three rows of seats. For example, ''[[Griffon (roller coaster)|Griffon]]'' at [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]], uses ten seats in three rows, while ''[[Krake]]'' at [[Heide Park]] uses six-across seating in three rows.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://parkthoughts.com/2010/11/15/bolliger-and-mabillard-2011-the-year-of-quality/ |title=Bolliger & Mabillard 2011 |publisher=Parkthoughts.com |access-date=July 5, 2012}}</ref> On recent hyper coaster projects, B&M has used a new car design that has two rows of two seats; the two seats in the rear of the car pushed out from the centerline so that the four seats resemble a [[V formation]]. This formation has only been used on ''[[Behemoth (roller coaster)|Behemoth]]'' at [[Canada's Wonderland]], ''[[Diamondback (roller coaster)|Diamondback]]'' at [[Kings Island]], ''[[Intimidator (roller coaster)|Intimidator]]'' and ''[[Shambhala: Expedición al Himalaya]]'' at [[PortAventura Park]], in the resort [[PortAventura World]]. In 2013, B&M introduced a new car design that has two rows of two seats, however, they are not in a V formation.<ref name="Nagashima website" /><ref name="Steel Dragon 2000 Adds B&M Trains" />
Most of Bolliger & Mabillard's roller coaster [[train (roller coaster)|trains]] use four-abreast seating. Each car has one row of four seats, while the train length can vary between coasters. All of the company's coaster models, except the Dive Coaster, Wing Coaster, Family Inverted Coaster and Surf Coaster use this configuration. The Dive Coaster uses six, seven, eight or ten-abreast seating, with two or three rows of seats. For example, ''[[Griffon (roller coaster)|Griffon]]'' at [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]], uses ten seats in three rows, while ''[[Krake]]'' at [[Heide Park]] uses six-across seating in three rows.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://parkthoughts.com/2010/11/15/bolliger-and-mabillard-2011-the-year-of-quality/ |title=Bolliger & Mabillard 2011 |publisher=Parkthoughts.com |access-date=July 5, 2012}}</ref> On recent hyper coaster projects, B&M has used a new car design that has two rows of two seats; the two seats in the rear of the car pushed out from the centerline so that the four seats resemble a [[V formation]]. This formation has only been used on ''[[Behemoth (roller coaster)|Behemoth]]'' at [[Canada's Wonderland]], ''[[Diamondback (roller coaster)|Diamondback]]'' at [[Kings Island]], [[Intimidator (roller coaster)|Thunder Striker]] at Carowinds, and ''[[Shambhala: Expedición al Himalaya]]'' at [[PortAventura Park]], in the resort [[PortAventura World]]. In 2013, B&M introduced a new car design that has two rows of two seats, however, they are not in a V formation.<ref name="Nagashima website" /><ref name="Steel Dragon 2000 Adds B&M Trains" />


All B&M hyper coasters use a type of restraint called a "T-bar" or "Clamshell" restraint, which consists of bar with a cushioned lap bar with two handles for riders to hold on to. This type of restraint generally does not use a seat belt, however seat belts have been added to ''[[Behemoth (roller coaster)|Behemoth]]'' and ''[[Leviathan (Canada's Wonderland)|Leviathan]]'' at [[Canada's Wonderland]], ''[[Diamondback (roller coaster)|Diamondback]]'' and ''[[Orion (roller coaster)|Orion]]'' at [[Kings Island]], and ''[[Intimidator (roller coaster)|Intimidator]]'' and ''[[Fury 325]]'' at [[Carowinds]].<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 6287211 | status = patent | title = Installation for amusement park | gdate = September 11, 2001 | fdate = October 22, 1999 | invent1 = Bolliger, Walter | invent2 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Nguyen, Kien T.}}</ref> Bolliger & Mabillard also uses over-the-shoulder restraints, in that the restraint is placed over the riders' shoulders and sits and extends to the riders' laps. This type of restraint is used on Dive, Inverted, Sitting, Flying, Floorless, Stand-up and Wing Coasters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bolliger-mabillard.com/products/products_en.aspx |title=Bolliger & Mabillard Products |publisher=Bolliger & Mabillard |access-date=June 30, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621013654/http://www.bolliger-mabillard.com/products/products_en.aspx |archive-date=June 21, 2012 }}</ref> Bolliger & Mabillard has recently begun using a vest like over the shoulder restraint, which reduces headbanging found on the older, more common padded over the shoulder restraints. These have been met with some criticism from the coaster community, due to the nature in which they tighten during the ride; stapling riders to their seats, resulting in less airtime (negative g-forces) being felt.[[Image:BandMTrack.jpg|thumb|[[Computer-aided design|CAD]] model of B&M's signature box-spined track]]
All B&M hyper coasters use a type of restraint called a "T-bar" or "Clamshell" restraint, which consists of bar with a cushioned lap bar with two handles for riders to hold on to. This type of restraint generally does not use a seat belt, however seat belts have been added to ''[[Behemoth (roller coaster)|Behemoth]]'' and ''[[Leviathan (Canada's Wonderland)|Leviathan]]'' at [[Canada's Wonderland]], ''[[Diamondback (roller coaster)|Diamondback]]'' and ''[[Orion (roller coaster)|Orion]]'' at [[Kings Island]], and ''[[Intimidator (roller coaster)|Intimidator]]'' and ''[[Fury 325]]'' at [[Carowinds]].<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 6287211 | status = patent | title = Installation for amusement park | gdate = September 11, 2001 | fdate = October 22, 1999 | invent1 = Bolliger, Walter | invent2 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Nguyen, Kien T.}}</ref> Bolliger & Mabillard also uses over-the-shoulder restraints, in that the restraint is placed over the riders' shoulders and sits and extends to the riders' laps. This type of restraint is used on Dive, Inverted, Sitting, Flying, Floorless, Stand-up and Wing Coasters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bolliger-mabillard.com/products/products_en.aspx |title=Bolliger & Mabillard Products |publisher=Bolliger & Mabillard |access-date=June 30, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621013654/http://www.bolliger-mabillard.com/products/products_en.aspx |archive-date=June 21, 2012 }}</ref> Bolliger & Mabillard has recently begun using a vest like over the shoulder restraint, which reduces headbanging found on the older, more common padded over the shoulder restraints. These have been met with some criticism from the coaster community, due to the nature in which they tighten during the ride; stapling riders to their seats, resulting in less airtime (negative g-forces) being felt.[[Image:BandMTrack.jpg|thumb|[[Computer-aided design|CAD]] model of B&M's signature box-spined track]]
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====Friction brakes====
====Friction brakes====
When B&M was first founded, the [[Eddy current brake|linear magnetic eddy brake]] had yet to be developed, so it used friction brakes as its main braking system. On the train, pads are fitted on the vehicle chassis between the wheel assemblies. On the brakes, similar pads are connected to steel supports. When the pads on the train come into contact with the brakes, friction is created which slows the train.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/1549.htm?p=2758 |title=Batman – The Dark Knight |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref> Beginning with Kumba in 1993, friction brakes have also been used as trim brakes that regulate the speed of the train while it is still navigating the course.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rcdb.com/4005.htm?p=21470 |title=Behemoth |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
When B&M was first founded, the [[Eddy current brake|linear magnetic eddy brake]] had yet to be developed, so it used friction brakes as its main braking system. On the train, pads are fitted on the vehicle chassis between the wheel assemblies. On the brakes, similar pads are connected to steel supports. When the pads on the train come into contact with the brakes, friction is created which slows the train.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/1549.htm?p=2758 |title=Batman – The Dark Knight |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref> Beginning with Kumba in 1993, friction brakes have also been used as trim brakes that regulate the speed of the train while it is still navigating the course.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rcdb.com/4005.htm?p=21470 |title=Behemoth |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
[[File:SheiKra (Busch Gardens Africa) 03.jpg|thumb|300px|[[SheiKra]]'s splashdown element[[File:Bolliger_+_Mabbilard_Water_Breaks.png|thumb|363x363px|Patent for water breaks for Bolliger+Mabbilard]]]]
[[File:SheiKra (Busch Gardens Africa) 03.jpg|thumb|300px|[[SheiKra]]'s splashdown element[[File:Bolliger_+_Mabbilard_Water_Breaks.png|thumb|363x363px|Patent for water brakes for Bolliger+Mabbilard]]]]


====Magnetic brakes====
====Magnetic brakes====
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====Water brakes====
====Water brakes====
Water brakes were first introduced on ''[[SheiKra]]'' at [[Busch Gardens Tampa Bay]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&el=9342&page=1&order=10 |title=Splashdown |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=August 7, 2012}}</ref> Water brakes can only be used when a splashdown element, in which a body of water surrounds a section of track, is present within the layout of the roller coaster. When scoops on the last car of each train come in contact with the surrounding water, the train slows down and the water is sprayed several feet into the air behind it.<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 7430966 | status = patent | title = Brake, vehicle and roller coaster circuit | gdate = October 7, 2008 | fdate = March 30, 2005 | invent2 = Bolliger, Walter | invent1 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Morano, Joseph}}</ref>
Water brakes were first introduced on ''[[SheiKra]]'' at [[Busch Gardens Tampa Bay]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcdb.com/r.htm?ot=2&el=9342&page=1&order=10 |title=Splashdown |publisher=Roller Coaster Database |access-date=August 7, 2012}}</ref> Water brakes can only be used when a splashdown element, in which a body of water surrounds a section of track, is present within the layout of the roller coaster. When scoops on the last car of each train come in contact with the surrounding water, the train slows down and the water is sprayed several feet into the air behind it.<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 7430966 | status = patent | title = Brake, vehicle and roller coaster circuit | gdate = October 7, 2008 | fdate = March 30, 2005 | invent2 = Bolliger, Walter | invent1 = Mabillard, Claude | assign1 = Morano, Joseph}}</ref>


==List of roller coasters==
==Notable roller coasters==


{{See also|Category:Roller coasters manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard}}
{{See also|Category:Roller coasters manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard}}
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[[File:Raptor Gardaland 2011.jpg|thumb|150px|right|''Raptor'' at Gardaland, first Wing Coaster model]]
[[File:Raptor Gardaland 2011.jpg|thumb|150px|right|''Raptor'' at Gardaland, first Wing Coaster model]]


<!-- This is a list of existing projects and CONFIRMED future projects. "Confirmed" means the park has issued a press release announcing it (acceptable) or a reliable source (i.e., local newspaper) has published an article mentioning its construction (preferable). This is not a wish-list nor is it a place for speculation and rumor. -->
<!-- This is NOT a complete exhaustive list of B&M roller coasters, nor is it a place for speculation and rumor. -->
<!-- Only notable coasters that currently operate, have operated in the past, or are under construction should be listed. If there is any disagreement, discuss on the talk page. -->
In North America, B&M coaster designs have been manufactured by [[Ohio]] company Clermont Steel Fabricators since 1990.<ref name="CSF">{{cite web|url=http://www.clermontsteel.com/7155.html|title=Typical Clermont Steel Fabrications|publisher=Clermont Steel Fabrications|access-date=June 12, 2012|archive-date=September 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061021/http://www.clermontsteel.com/7155.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Diamondback Clermont">{{cite web|url=http://www.lovelandmagazine.com/2009/03/diamondback-built-in-clermont-.html|title=Diamondback built in Clermont|date=March 23, 2009|work=Loveland Magazine|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130128092050/http://www.lovelandmagazine.com/2009/03/diamondback-built-in-clermont-.html|archive-date=January 28, 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref><ref name="NPN:B&M" />
According to the [[Roller Coaster DataBase]], Bolliger & Mabillard has built 127 [[roller coaster]]s since its founding in 1988,<ref>[https://rcdb.com/6831.htm Bolliger & Mabillard - rcdb.com]</ref> beginning with [[Iron Wolf (roller coaster)|Iron Wolf]], which opened at [[Six Flags Great America]] in 1990.<ref name="IronWolf-RCDB" /> Some have either been relocated, renamed or closed.<!-- Need to expand this paragraph to talk about some of the more notable coasters, creating a nice segue into the chart. --> In North America, B&M coaster designs are manufactured by [[Ohio]] company Clermont Steel Fabricators.<ref name="CSF">{{cite web|url=http://www.clermontsteel.com/7155.html|title=Typical Clermont Steel Fabrications|publisher=Clermont Steel Fabrications|access-date=June 12, 2012|archive-date=September 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061021/http://www.clermontsteel.com/7155.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Diamondback Clermont">{{cite web|url=http://www.lovelandmagazine.com/2009/03/diamondback-built-in-clermont-.html|title=Diamondback built in Clermont|date=March 23, 2009|work=Loveland Magazine|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130128092050/http://www.lovelandmagazine.com/2009/03/diamondback-built-in-clermont-.html|archive-date=January 28, 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref><ref name="NPN:B&M" />
As of 2022, Bolliger & Mabillard has built 124 [[roller coaster]]s<!--see ref--> around the world.<ref>[https://rcdb.com/6831.htm Bolliger & Mabillard - rcdb.com]</ref> Some have either been relocated, renamed or closed.


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Name !! Model !! Park !! Country !! Opened !! Status !! class="unsortable" | Ref
! Name !! Model !! Park !! Country !! Opened !! Status !! Notes !! class="unsortable" | Ref
|-
|-
| [[Firebird (roller coaster)|Iron Wolf]]<br /><small>Renamed Apocalypse<br />Renamed Firebird<br /></small> || Stand-Up Coaster<br /><br /><small>Later Floorless Coaster</small> || [[Six Flags Great America]]<br /><small>[[Six Flags America]]</small> || United States || 1990 to 2011 <br /><small>2012 to 2018<br /><br />2019<br /></small> || {{yes|Operating}} || First B&M project and first build of this model || <ref name="IronWolf-RCDB">{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Firebird|location=Six Flags America|rcdb_number=10136|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Iron Wolf|location=Six Flags Great America|rcdb_number=6|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Batman: The Ride]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags Great America]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1992 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref name="BatmanSFGA"/>
|-
| [[Vortex (Carowinds)|Vortex]] || Stand-Up Coaster || [[Carowinds]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1992 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Vortex|location=Carowinds|rcdb_number=86|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Batman: The Ride]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags Great Adventure]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1993 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags Great Adventure|rcdb_number=32|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Batman: The Ride]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags Great America]] || United States || 1992 || {{yes|Operating}} || First build of this model || <ref name="BatmanSFGA"/>
|-
|-
| [[Flight Deck (Great America)|Flight Deck]]<br /><small> Formerly Top Gun</small> || Inverted Coaster || [[California's Great America]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1993 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Flight Deck|location=California's Great America|rcdb_number=80|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Kumba (roller coaster)|Kumba]] || Sitting Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Tampa]] || United States || 1993 || {{yes|Operating}} || First build of this model || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Kumba|location=Bush Gardens Tampa|rcdb_number=94|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Kumba (roller coaster)|Kumba]] || Sitting Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Tampa]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1993 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Kumba|location=Bush Gardens Tampa|rcdb_number=94|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Dragon Khan]] || Sitting Coaster || [[PortAventura Park]] || Spain || 1995 || {{yes|Operating}} || Record for most inversions (8) at opening || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dragon Khan|location=PortAventura Park|rcdb_number=760|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Batman: The Ride]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1994 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=24|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Alpengeist]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]] || United States || 1997 || {{yes|Operating}} || Tallest of its class || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Alpengeist|location=Bush Gardens Williamsburg|rcdb_number=277|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Diavlo]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Himeji Central Park]] || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || 1994 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Diavlo|location=Himeji Central Park|rcdb_number=1208|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Oblivion (roller coaster)|Oblivion]] || Dive Coaster || [[Alton Towers]] || United Kingdom || 1998 || {{yes|Operating}} || First build of this model || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Oblivion|location=Alton Towers|rcdb_number=777|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Nemesis Reborn]]<br /><small> Formerly Nemesis</small> || Inverted Coaster || [[Alton Towers]] || {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || 1994 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Nemesis|location=Alton Towers|rcdb_number=776|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[The Riddler's Revenge]] || Stand-Up Coaster || [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]] || United States || 1998 || {{yes|Operating}} || Largest and fastest of its class || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=The Riddler's Revenge|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=470|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Raptor (Cedar Point)|Raptor]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Cedar Point]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1994 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Raptor|location=Cedar Point|rcdb_number=1|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Medusa (Six Flags Great Adventure)|Medusa]]<br /><small> Formerly Bizarro</small> || Floorless Coaster|| [[Six Flags Great Adventure]] || United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || First build of this model || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Medusa|location=Six Flags Great Adventure|rcdb_number=502|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Batman: The Ride]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags St. Louis]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1995 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags St. Louis|rcdb_number=43|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Incredible Hulk (roller coaster)|Incredible Hulk]] || Sitting Coaster || [[Universal Islands of Adventure]] || United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || First launched B&M attraction || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Incredible Hulk|location=Universal Islands of Adventure|rcdb_number=557|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Dragon Khan]] || Sitting Coaster || [[PortAventura Park]] || {{flagicon|Spain}} Spain || 1995 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dragon Khan|location=PortAventura|rcdb_number=760|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Dragon Challenge]]<br /><small> Formerly Dueling Dragons</small> || Inverted Coaster || [[Universal Islands of Adventure]] || United States || 1999 || {{no|Removed}} || First B&M project to be demolished || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dragon Challenge|location=Universal Islands of Adventure|rcdb_number=558|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Montu (roller coaster)|Montu]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Tampa]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1996 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Montu|location=Bush Gardens Tampa Bay|rcdb_number=87|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Apollo's Chariot]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]] || United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || First build of this model || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Apollo's Chariot|location=Busch Gardens Williamsburg|rcdb_number=531|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Alpengeist]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1997 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Alpengeist|location=Bush Gardens Williamsburg|rcdb_number=277|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Galactica (roller coaster)|Galactica]]<br /><small> Formerly Air</small> || Flying Coaster || [[Alton Towers]] || United Kingdom || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || First build of this model || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Air|location=Alton Towers|rcdb_number=1458|access-date=July 14, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Batman: The Ride]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags Over Georgia]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1997 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags Over Georgia|rcdb_number=421|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Dominator (roller coaster)|Dominator]]<br /><small> Formerly Batman: Knight Flight</small> || Floorless Coaster || [[Kings Dominion]]<br /><small>[[Geauga Lake]]</small> || United States || 2008<br /><small>2000 to 2007</small> || {{yes|Operating}} || Largest of its class || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dominator|location=Kings Dominion|rcdb_number=4079|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dominator|location=Geauga Lake|rcdb_number=632|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Pyrenees (roller coaster)|Pyrenees]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Parque Espana-Shima Spain Village]] || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || 1997 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Pyrenees|location=Parque Espana|rcdb_number=1227|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Raptor (Gardaland)|Raptor]] || Wing Coaster || [[Gardaland]] || Italy || 2011 || {{yes|Operating}} || First build of this model || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Raptor|location=Gardaland|rcdb_number=9309|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[The Great White (SeaWorld San Antonio)|Great White]] || Inverted Coaster || [[SeaWorld San Antonio]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1997 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=The Great White|location=SeaWorld San Antonio|rcdb_number=278|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Leviathan (Canada's Wonderland)|Leviathan]] || Hyper<!--B&M does market a Giga Coaster model. They market Giga coasters models that exceed 300' in height, which in enthusiast terms is a gigacoaster. This column is not for the enthusiast term.--> Coaster || [[Canada's Wonderland]] || Canada || 2012 || {{yes|Operating}} || First B&M roller coaster to be classified as a "gigacoaster" || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Leviathan|location=Canada's Wonderland|rcdb_number=10108|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Oblivion (roller coaster)|Oblivion]] || Dive Coaster || [[Alton Towers]] || {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || 1998 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Oblivion|location=Alton Towers|rcdb_number=777|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Rougarou (roller coaster)|Rougarou]]<br /><small>Formerly Mantis<br /></small> || Floorless Coaster<br /><small>Formerly Stand-Up Coaster<br /></small> || [[Cedar Point]] || United States || 2015<br /><small>1996 to 2014<br /></small> || {{yes|Operating}} || First instance of B&M changing train type || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Rougarou|location=Cedar Point|rcdb_number=7|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Great Bear (roller coaster)|Great Bear]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Hersheypark]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1998 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Great Bear|location=Hersheypark|rcdb_number=468|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Fury 325]] || Hyper<!--B&M does not market a Giga Coaster model. They market Hyper Coaster models that exceed 300' in height, which in enthusiast terms is a gigacoaster. This column is not for the enthusiast term.--> Coaster || [[Carowinds]] || United States || 2015 || {{yes|Operating}} || World's tallest non-launched roller coaster || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Fury 325|location=Carowinds|rcdb_number=12273|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[The Riddler's Revenge]] || Stand-Up Coaster || [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1998 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=The Riddler's Revenge|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=470|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Yukon Striker]] || Dive Coaster || [[Canada's Wonderland]] || Canada || 2019 || {{yes|Operating}} || Tallest of its class || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Yukon Striker|location=Canada's Wonderland|rcdb_number=16021|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Afterburn (roller coaster)|Afterburn]]<br /><small> Formerly Top Gun - The Jet Coaster</small> || Inverted Coaster|| [[Carowinds]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Afterburn|location=Carowinds|rcdb_number=527|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
| [[Pipeline: The Surf Coaster]]|| Surf Coaster (Stand Up) || [[SeaWorld Orlando]] || United States || 2023 || {{yes|Operating}} || First launched stand-up roller coaster || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Pipeline|location=SeaWorld Orlando|rcdb_number=20042|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Medusa (Six Flags Great Adventure)| Medusa]]<br /><small> Formerly Bizarro</small> || Floorless Coaster|| [[Six Flags Great Adventure]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Medusa|location=Six Flags Great Adventure|rcdb_number=502|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Incredible Hulk (roller coaster)|Incredible Hulk]] || Sitting Coaster || [[Universal Islands of Adventure]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Incredible Hulk|location=Universal Islands of Adventure|rcdb_number=557|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dragon Challenge]]<br /><small> Formerly Dueling Dragons</small> || Inverted Coaster || [[Universal Islands of Adventure]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{no|Removed}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dragon Challenge|location=Universal Islands of Adventure|rcdb_number=558|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Batman: The Ride]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags Over Texas]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags Over Texas|rcdb_number=552|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Raging Bull (roller coaster)|Raging Bull]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Six Flags Great America]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Raging Bull|location=Six Flags Great America|rcdb_number=535|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Georgia Scorcher]] || Stand-Up Coaster || [[Six Flags Over Georgia]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Georgia Scorcher|location=Six Flags Over Georgia|rcdb_number=556|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Apollo's Chariot]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 1999 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Apollo's Chariot|location=Busch Gardens Williamsburg|rcdb_number=531|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kraken (roller coaster)|Kraken]]<br /><small>Formerly Kraken Unleashed</small> || Floorless Coaster || [[SeaWorld Orlando]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2000 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Kraken Unleashed|location=SeaWorld Orlando|rcdb_number=581|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Medusa (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom)|Medusa]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Six Flags Discovery Kingdom]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2000 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Medusa|location=Six Flags Discovery Kingdom|rcdb_number=617|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Katun (roller coaster)|Katun]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Mirabilandia (Italy)|Mirabilandia]] || {{flagicon|Italy}} Italy || 2000 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Katun|location=Mirabilandia|rcdb_number=764|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Superman: Krypton Coaster]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Six Flags Fiesta Texas]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2000 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Superman: Krypton Coaster|location=Six Flags Fiesta Texas|rcdb_number=605|access-date=June 28, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Diving Machine G5]] || Dive Coaster || [[Janfusun Fancyworld]] || {{flagicon|Taiwan}} Taiwan || 2000 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Diving Machine G5|location=Janfusun Fancyworld|rcdb_number=1417|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Insane Speed]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Janfusun Fancyworld]] || {{flagicon|Taiwan}} Taiwan || 2001 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Insane Speed|location=Janfusun Fancyworld|rcdb_number=1500|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Nitro (Six Flags Great Adventure)|Nitro]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Six Flags Great Adventure]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2001 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Nitro|location=Six Flags Great Adventure|rcdb_number=1417|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Talon (roller coaster)|Talon]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom|Dorney Park]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2001 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Talon|location=Dorney Park|rcdb_number=735|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Wildfire (Silver Dollar City)|Wildfire]] || Sitting Coaster || [[Silver Dollar City]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2001 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Wildfire|location=Silver Dollar City|rcdb_number=720|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Galactica (roller coaster)|Galactica]]<br /><small> Formerly Air</small> || Flying Coaster || [[Alton Towers]] || {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Air|location=Alton Towers|rcdb_number=1458|access-date=July 14, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Batman: The Dark Knight (roller coaster)|Batman: The Dark Knight]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Six Flags New England]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman – The Dark Knight|location=Six Flags New England|rcdb_number=1549|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Shadows of Arkham]]<br /><small>Formerly Batman: La Fuga</small>,<small>Formerly Batman: Arkham Asylum</small>|| Inverted Coaster || [[Parque Warner Madrid]] || {{flagicon|Spain}} Spain || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: Arkham Asylum|location=Parque Warner Madrid|rcdb_number=1365|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Silver Star (roller coaster)|Silver Star]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Europa Park]] || {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Silver Star|location=Europa Park|rcdb_number=1414|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Superman: La Atracción de Acero]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Parque Warner Madrid]] || {{flagicon|Spain}} Spain || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Superman: La Atracción de Acero|location=Parque Warner Madrid|rcdb_number=1366|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Superman: Ultimate Flight]] || Flying Coaster || [[Six Flags Over Georgia]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Superman: Ultimate Flight|location=Six Flags Over Georgia|rcdb_number=1568|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Vampire (La Ronde)|Vampire]] || Inverted Coaster || [[La Ronde (amusement park)|La Ronde]] || {{flagicon|Canada}} Canada || 2002 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Vampire|location=La Ronde|rcdb_number=1567|access-date=June 29, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Nemesis Inferno]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Thorpe Park]] || {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || 2003 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Nemesis Inferno|location=Thorpe Park|rcdb_number=1747|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Scream (roller coaster)|Scream]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2003 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Scream|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=2169|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Superman: Ultimate Flight]] || Flying Coaster || [[Six Flags Great America]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2003 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Superman: Ultimate Flight|location=Six Flags Great America|rcdb_number=1977|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Superman: Ultimate Flight]] || Flying Coaster || [[Six Flags Great Adventure]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2003 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Superman:Ultimate Flight|location=Six Flags Great Adventure|rcdb_number=1976|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dæmonen]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Tivoli Gardens, Copenhagen|Tivoli Gardens]] || {{flagicon|Denmark}} Denmark || 2004 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dæmonen|location=Tivoli Gardens|rcdb_number=2504|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lightning (Entertainment City)|Lightning]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Kuwait Entertainment City]] || {{flagicon|Kuwait}} Kuwait || 2004 || {{no|Removed}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Lightning|location=Kuwait Entertainment City|rcdb_number=2872|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Silver Bullet (Knott's Berry Farm)|Silver Bullet]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Knott's Berry Farm]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2004 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Silver Bullet|location=Knott's Berry Farm|rcdb_number=2536|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Hydra the Revenge]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom|Dorney Park]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2005 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Hydra the Revenge|location=Dorney Park|rcdb_number=2528|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[SheiKra]] || Dive Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Tampa]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2005 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=SheiKra|location=Bush Gardens Tampa Bay|rcdb_number=2662|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Black Mamba (roller coaster)|Black Mamba]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Phantasialand]] || {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany || 2006 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Black Mamba|location=Phantasialand|rcdb_number=3117|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Crystal Wing]] || Flying Coaster || [[Happy Valley Beijing]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2006 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Crystal Wing|location=Happy Valley Beijing|rcdb_number=3141|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Goliath (La Ronde)|Goliath]] || Hyper Coaster || [[La Ronde (amusement park)|La Ronde]] || {{flagicon|Canada}} Canada || 2006 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Goliath|location=La Ronde|rcdb_number=3385|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Goliath (Six Flags Over Georgia)|Goliath]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Six Flags Over Georgia]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2006 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Goliath|location=Six Flags Over Georgia|rcdb_number=3290|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Patriot (Worlds of Fun)|Patriot]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Worlds of Fun]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2006 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Patriot|location=Worlds of Fun|rcdb_number=3244|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Tatsu]] || Flying Coaster || [[Six Flags Magic Mountain]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2006 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Tatsu|location=Six Flags Magic Mountain|rcdb_number=3305|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Griffon (roller coaster)|Griffon]] || Dive Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]]|| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2007 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Griffon|location=Busch Gardens Williamsburg|rcdb_number=3631|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Hollywood Dream: The Ride]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Universal Studios Japan]] || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || 2007 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Hollywood Dream: The Ride|location=Universal Studios Japan|rcdb_number=3621|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Phaethon (roller coaster)|Phaethon]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Gyeongju World]] || {{flagicon|South Korea}} South Korea || 2007 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Phaethon|location=Gyeongju World|rcdb_number=3935|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Behemoth (roller coaster)|Behemoth]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Canada's Wonderland]] || {{flagicon|Canada}} Canada || 2008 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Behemoth|location=Canada's Wonderland|rcdb_number=4005|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dive Coaster (Chimelong Paradise)|Dive Coaster]] || Dive Coaster || [[Chime-Long Paradise|Chimelong Paradise]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2008 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dive Coaster|location=Chimelong Paradise|rcdb_number=3930|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dominator (roller coaster)|Dominator]]<br /><small> Formerly Batman: Knight Flight</small> || Floorless Coaster || [[Kings Dominion]]<br /><small>[[Geauga Lake]]</small> || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2008<br /><small>2000 to 2007</small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dominator|location=Kings Dominion|rcdb_number=4079|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dominator|location=Geauga Lake|rcdb_number=632|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Goliath (Six Flags Fiesta Texas)|Goliath]]<br /><small>Formerly Batman: The Ride<br />Formerly Gambit</small> || Inverted Coaster || [[Six Flags Fiesta Texas]]<br /><small>[[Six Flags New Orleans]]<br />[[Thrill Valley]]</small> || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2008<br /><small>2003 to 2005<br />1995 to 2002</small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Goliath|location=Six Flags Fiesta Texas|rcdb_number=3976|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Batman: The Ride|location=Six Flags New Orleans|rcdb_number=1886|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Gambit|location=Thrill Valley|rcdb_number=1521|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Diamondback (roller coaster)|Diamondback]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Kings Island]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2009 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Diamondback|location=Kings Island|rcdb_number=4253|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Diving Coaster]] || Dive Coaster || [[Happy Valley Shanghai]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2009 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Diving Coaster|location=Happy Valley Shanghai|rcdb_number=4224|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Manta (SeaWorld Orlando)|Manta]] || Flying Coaster || [[SeaWorld Orlando]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2009 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Manta|location=SeaWorld Orlando|rcdb_number=4190|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[The Monster (Walygator Parc)|Monster]] <br /><small>Formerly Orochi</small> || Inverted Coaster || [[Walygator Parc]]<br /><small>[[Expoland]]</small> || {{flagicon|France}} France || 2010<br /><small>1996 to 2007</small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Monster|location=Walygator Parc|rcdb_number=4478|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Orochi|location=Expoland|rcdb_number=1186|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Thunder Striker]]<br /><small>Formerly Intimidator</small> || Hyper Coaster || [[Carowinds]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2010 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Intimidator|location=Carowinds|rcdb_number=8588|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Green Lantern (Six Flags Great Adventure)|Green Lantern]]<br /><small>Formerly Chang</small>|| Stand-Up Coaster || [[Six Flags Great Adventure]]<br /><small>[[Kentucky Kingdom]]</small> || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2011<br /><small>1997 to 2009</small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Green Lantern|location=Six Flags Great Adventure|rcdb_number=8932|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Chang|location=Kentucky Kingdom|rcdb_number=275|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Hair Raiser]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Ocean Park Hong Kong]] || {{flagicon|Hong Kong}} Hong Kong || 2011 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Hair Raiser|location=Ocean Park Hong Kong|rcdb_number=9647|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Krake]] || Dive Coaster || [[Heide Park]] || {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany || 2011 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Krake|location=Heide Park|rcdb_number=9097|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Raptor (Gardaland)|Raptor]] || Wing Coaster || [[Gardaland]] || {{flagicon|Italy}} Italy || 2011 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Raptor|location=Gardaland|rcdb_number=9309|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Sky Scrapper|Starry Sky Ripper]] <br /><small>Formerly Sky Scrapper</small>|| Flying Coaster || [[World Joyland|Joyland]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2011 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Starry Sky Ripper|location=Joyland|rcdb_number=8983|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Leviathan (Canada's Wonderland)|Leviathan]] || Hyper <!--B&M does market a Giga Coaster model. They market Giga coasters models that exceed 300' in height, which in enthusiast terms is a gigacoaster. This column is not for the enthusiast term.--> Coaster || [[Canada's Wonderland]] || {{flagicon|Canada}} Canada || 2012 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Leviathan|location=Canada's Wonderland|rcdb_number=10108|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[OzIris]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Parc Astérix]] || {{flagicon|France}} France || 2012 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=OzIris|location=Parc Astérix|rcdb_number=9675|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Shambhala: Expedición al Himalaya|Shambhala]] || Hyper Coaster || [[PortAventura Park]] || {{flagicon|Spain}} Spain || 2012 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Shambhala|location=PortAdventura|rcdb_number=10239|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[The Swarm (roller coaster)|Swarm]] || Wing Coaster || [[Thorpe Park]] || {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || 2012 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=The Swarm|location=Thorpe Park|rcdb_number=9820|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Wild Eagle]] || Wing Coaster || [[Dollywood]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2012 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Wild Eagle|location=Dollywood|rcdb_number=10148|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[X-Flight (Six Flags Great America)|X-Flight]] || Wing Coaster || [[Six Flags Great America]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2012 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=X-Flight|location=Six Flags Great America|rcdb_number=10137|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
|| [[GateKeeper (roller coaster)|GateKeeper]] || Wing Coaster || [[Cedar Point]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2013 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=GateKeeper|location=Cedar Point|rcdb_number=10891|access-date=August 14, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Nitro (Adlabs Imagica)|Nitro]] || Floorless Coaster || [[Adlabs Imagica]] || {{flagicon|India}} India || 2013 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Nitro|location=Adlabs Imagica|rcdb_number=6817|access-date=April 9, 2013}}</ref>
|-
|[[Banshee (roller coaster)|Banshee]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Kings Island]] || {{flagicon|United States}} United States || 2014 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Banshee|location=Kings Island|rcdb_number=6640|access-date=August 8, 2013}}</ref>
|-
| [[Parrot Coaster]]<br /><small>Formerly Flying over the Rainforest</small> || Wing Coaster || [[Chime-Long Ocean Kingdom|Chimelong Ocean Kingdom]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2014 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Parrot Coaster|location=Ocean Kingdom|rcdb_number=9114|access-date=November 20, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Flug der Dämonen]] || Wing Coaster || [[Heide Park]] || {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany || 2014 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Flug der Dämonen|location=Heide Park|rcdb_number=6667|access-date=June 6, 2013}}</ref>
|-
| [[Family Inverted Coaster (Happy Valley Shanghai)|Family Inverted Coaster]] || Family Inverted Coaster || [[Happy Valley Shanghai]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2014 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Family Inverted Coaster|location=Happy Valley|rcdb_number=6712|access-date=November 20, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Harpy (Xishuangbanna Theme Park)|Harpy]] || Flying Coaster || [[Xishuangbanna Sunac Land]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2015 || {{no|SBNO}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Harpy|location=Xishuangbanna Sunac Land|rcdb_number=11930|access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Rougarou (roller coaster)|Rougarou]]<br /><small>Formerly Mantis<br /></small> || Floorless Coaster<br /><small>Formerly Stand-Up Coaster<br /></small> || [[Cedar Point]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2015<br /><small>1996 to 2014<br /></small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Rougarou|location=Cedar Point|rcdb_number=7|access-date=June 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[Acrobat (Nagashima Spa Land)|Acrobat]] || Flying Coaster || [[Nagashima Spa Land]] || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan || 2015 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Acrobat|location=Nagashima Spa Land|rcdb_number=12272|access-date=August 14, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Thunderbird (Holiday World)|Thunderbird]] || Wing Coaster (Launch) || [[Holiday World & Splashin' Safari|Holiday World]] || {{flagicon|United States}} United States || 2015 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Thunderbird|location=Holiday World|rcdb_number=12260|access-date=July 24, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Oblivion: The Black Hole]] || Dive Coaster || [[Gardaland]] || {{flagicon|Italy}} Italy || 2015 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Oblivion The Black Hole|location=Gardaland|rcdb_number=12050|access-date=April 11, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Baron 1898]] || Dive Coaster || [[Efteling]] || {{flagicon|Netherlands}} Netherlands || 2015 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Baron 1898|location=Efteling|rcdb_number=12083|access-date=July 28, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Fury 325]] || Hyper <!--B&M does not market a Giga Coaster model. They market Hyper Coaster models that exceed 300' in height, which in enthusiast terms is a gigacoaster. This column is not for the enthusiast term.--> Coaster || [[Carowinds]] || {{flagicon|United States}} United States || 2015 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Fury 325|location=Carowinds|rcdb_number=12273|access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Mako (SeaWorld Orlando)|Mako]] || Hyper Coaster || [[SeaWorld Orlando]] || {{flagicon|United States}} United States || 2016 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Mako|location=SeaWorld Orlando|rcdb_number=12758|access-date=May 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[The Flying Dinosaur]] || Flying Coaster || [[Universal Studios Japan]] || {{flagicon|Japan}} Japan ||2016|| {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=The Flying Dinosaur|location=Universal Studios Japan|rcdb_number=12959}}</ref>
|-
| [[Valravn (roller coaster)|Valravn]] || Dive Coaster || [[Cedar Point]] || {{flagicon|United States}} United States ||2016|| {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Valravn|location=Cedar Point|rcdb_number=13383}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dragon's Run]] <br /><small> Formerly Time Machine</small> <br /><small> Formerly Led Zeppelin - The Ride</small> || Sitting Coaster || [[Dragon Park Ha Long]] <br /><small>[[Freestyle Music Park]]<br />[[Hard Rock Park]]</small> || {{flagicon|Vietnam}} Vietnam || 2017 <br /><small>2009<br />2008</small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dragon's Run|location=Dragon Park Ha Long|rcdb_number=6605}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Time Machine|location=Freestyle Music Park|rcdb_number=3852}}</ref>
|-
| [[Patriot (California's Great America)|Patriot]]<br /><small>Formerly Vortex<br /></small> || Floorless Coaster<br /><small>Formerly Stand-Up Coaster</small> || [[California's Great America]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2017<br /><small>1991 to 2016<br /></small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Patriot|location=California's Great America|rcdb_number=79|access-date=April 19, 2017}}</ref>
|-
| [[Flying Wing Coaster]] || Wing Coaster || [[Happy Valley Chongqing]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2017 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Flying Wing Coaster|location=Happy Valley Chongqing|rcdb_number=13832|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Draken (roller coaster)|Draken]] || Dive Coaster || [[Gyeongju World]] || {{flagicon|South Korea}} South Korea || 2018 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Draken|location=Gyeongju World|rcdb_number=14310|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Flying Apsaras in Western Region]] || Dive Coaster || [[Happy Valley Chengdu]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2018 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Flying Apsaras in Western Region|location=Happy Valley Chengdu|rcdb_number=13653|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Valkyria (roller coaster)|Valkyria]] || Dive Coaster || [[Liseberg]] || {{flagicon|Sweden}} Sweden ||2018|| {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Valkyria|location=Liseberg|rcdb_number=14301}}</ref>
|-
| [[Family Inverted Coaster (Happy Valley Beijing)|Family Inverted Coaster]] || Family Inverted Coaster || [[Happy Valley Beijing]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2018 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Family Inverted Coaster|location=Happy Valley Beijing|rcdb_number=14356}}</ref>
|-
| [[Wing Coaster (Colourful Yunnan Happy World)|Wing Coaster]] || Wing Coaster || [[Colourful Yunnan Happy World]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2018 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Wing Coaster|location=Colourful Yunnan Happy World|rcdb_number=15024|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Fēnix (roller coaster)|Fēnix]] || Wing Coaster || [[Toverland]] || {{flagicon|Netherlands}} Netherlands || 2018 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Fēnix|location=Toverland|rcdb_number=14717|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Heaven's Wing]] || Wing Coaster || [[HB World]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2018 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Heaven's Wing|location=HB World|rcdb_number=15676|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Yukon Striker]] || Dive Coaster || [[Canada's Wonderland]] || {{flagicon|Canada}} Canada || 2019 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Yukon Striker|location=Canada's Wonderland|rcdb_number=16021|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Firebird (roller coaster)|Firebird]]<br /><small>Formerly Apocalypse<br />Formerly Iron Wolf<br /></small> || Floorless Coaster<br /><small>Formerly Stand-Up Coaster</small> || [[Six Flags America]]<br /><small>[[Six Flags Great America]]</small> || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2019<br /><small>2012 to 2018<br />1990 to 2011<br /></small> || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Firebird|location=Six Flags America|rcdb_number=10136|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite RCDB|coaster_name=Iron Wolf|location=Six Flags Great America|rcdb_number=6|access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| {{N/A|Unknown}} || Wing Coaster || [[Hot Go Dreamworld]] || {{flagicon|China}} China ||{{N/A|Unknown}}|| {{no|SBNO}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Unknown|location=Hot Go Dreamworld|rcdb_number=13454}}</ref>
|-
| {{N/A|Unknown}} || Hyper Coaster || [[Hot Go Dreamworld]] || {{flagicon|China}} China ||{{N/A|Unknown}}|| {{no|SBNO}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Unknown|location=Hot Go Dreamworld|rcdb_number=13875}}</ref>
|-
| [[Flight of the Himalayan Eagle Music Roller Coaster]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Happy Valley Beijing]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2019 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Flight of the Himalayan Eagle Music Roller Coaster|location=Happy Valley Beijing|rcdb_number=15115}}</ref>
|-
| [[Falcon (Wuxi Sunac Land)|Falcon]] || Wing Coaster || [[Wuxi Sunac Land]] || {{flagicon|China}} China ||2019|| {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Falcon|location=Wuxi Sunac Land|rcdb_number=12413}}</ref>
|-
| [[Forest Predator]] || Wing Coaster || [[Happy Valley Nanjing]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2020 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Forest Predator|location=Happy Valley Nanjing|rcdb_number=15667|access-date=February 4, 2021}}</ref>
|-
| [[Candymonium]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Hersheypark]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2020 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Candymonium|location=Hersheypark|rcdb_number=16682}}</ref>
|-
| [[Orion (roller coaster)|Orion]] || Hyper Coaster || [[Kings Island]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2020 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Orion|location=Kings Island|rcdb_number=11437}}</ref>
|-
| [[Monster (Gröna Lund)|Monster]] || Inverted Coaster || [[Gröna Lund]] || {{flagicon|Sweden}} Sweden || 2021 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Monster|location=Gröna Lund|rcdb_number=15212|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Decepticoaster]] || Sitting Coaster || [[Universal Studios Beijing]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2021 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Unknown|location=Universal Studios Beijing|rcdb_number=17349|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Emperor (roller coaster)|Emperor]] || Dive Coaster || [[SeaWorld San Diego]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2022 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Mako|location=SeaWorld San Diego|rcdb_number=17030}}</ref>
|-
| [[DaVinci Ride]] || Wing Coaster || [[Fantasy Valley]] || {{flagicon|China}} China || 2022 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=DaVinci Ride|location=Fantasy Valley|rcdb_number=17707|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dr. Diabolical’s Cliffhanger]] || Dive Coaster || [[Six Flags Fiesta Texas]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2022 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Dr. Diabolical's Cliffhanger|location=Six Flags Fiesta Texas|rcdb_number=19495|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Maximus - Der Flug des Wächters]] || Wing Coaster || [[Legoland Deutschland Resort|Legoland Deutschland]] || {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany || 2023 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Maximus - Der Flug des Wächters|location=Legoland Deutschland|rcdb_number=19912|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Pipeline: The Surf Coaster]]|| Surf Coaster (Stand Up) || [[SeaWorld Orlando]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2023 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coaster_name=Pipeline|location=SeaWorld Orlando|rcdb_number=20042|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Mandrill Mayhem]] || Wing Coaster (shuttle) || [[Chessington World of Adventures]] || {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} United Kingdom || 2023 || {{yes|Operating}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coastere_name=Mandrill Mayhem|location=Chessington World of Adventures|rcdb_number=20349|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Iron Menace]] || Dive Coaster || [[Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2024 || {{maybe|Under construction}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coastere_name=Iron Menace|location=Dorney Park|rcdb_number=21085|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Penguin Trek]] || Family Coaster || [[SeaWorld Orlando]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2024 || {{maybe|Under construction}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coastere_name=Penguin Trek|location=SeaWorld Orlando|rcdb_number=21034|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Phoenix Rising (Roller Coaster)|Phoenix Rising]] || Family Inverted Coaster || [[Busch Gardens Tampa]] || {{flagicon|USA}} United States || 2024 || {{maybe|Under construction}} || <ref>{{cite RCDB|coastere_name=Phoenix Rising|location=Busch Gardens Tampa Bay|rcdb_number=21221|access-date=November 27, 2015}}</ref>
|}
|}


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{{Bolliger & Mabillard}}
{{Bolliger & Mabillard}}
{{Roller coaster manufacturers}}
{{Roller coaster manufacturers}}
{{Amusement rides}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Bolliger and Mabillard}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bolliger and Mabillard}}

Latest revision as of 17:25, 7 December 2024

Bolliger & Mabillard Consulting Engineers Inc.
Company typePrivate
IndustryRoller coaster design
Founded1988
Founders
  • Walter Bolliger
  • Claude Mabillard
Headquarters
Monthey
,
Switzerland
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
  • Walter Bolliger (CEO)
  • Claude Mabillard (VP)
  • Kim Jent (Structural engineer)
  • Sophie Bolliger (VP/Head of Sales)
Products
Number of employees
37 (2012)
WebsiteOfficial website

Bolliger & Mabillard, officially Bolliger & Mabillard Consulting Engineers, Inc. and often abbreviated B&M, is a roller coaster design consultancy based in Monthey, Switzerland. The company was founded in 1988 by engineers Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard, both of whom had worked for Giovanola.[1]

B&M has pioneered several new ride technologies, most notably the inverted roller coaster[2][3] and the box-section track.[4] In 2016, the company completed its 100th roller coaster. B&M currently produces ten types of coaster models: Stand-Up Coaster, Inverted Coaster, Floorless Coaster, Flying Coaster, Hyper Coaster, Dive Coaster, Sitting Coaster, Wing Coaster, Family Coaster, and most recently, the Surf Coaster. Though B&M has not used the term, the company has also manufactured three giga coasters.

History

[edit]

Roots

[edit]

Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard started working for Giovanola, a manufacturing company which supplied rides to Intamin, in the 1970s. During their time at Giovanola, they helped design the company's first stand-up roller coaster, Shockwave (at Six Flags Magic Mountain). They also worked on other projects, such as Z-Force (at Six Flags Great America).[5] Bolliger & Mabillard left Giovanola, but the company continued to use that track design; the company's roller coasters Goliath (at Six Flags Magic Mountain) and Titan (at Six Flags Over Texas), use a track style very similar to B&M's.[6][7]

An inverted model with the curved drop, common on inverted roller coasters, Batman: The Ride at Six Flags Great Adventure

Launch

[edit]

In 1987, Giovanola underwent a change of management, and the pair decided to leave and create their own company.[5] At the time, B&M employed four people, including two draftsmen: Bolliger and Mabillard. When B&M was created, the pair had agreed not to make any more amusement attractions.[8][9] However, Robert Mampe, Six Flags Great America's staff engineer, had worked with both men during the construction of Z-Force; he contacted the newly-formed company and asked them to reconfigure the cars for its Giovanola-built, Intamin bobsled coaster, to be relocated from Six Flags Great Adventure.[10]

Following that project, Mampe asked the new company to design and build a stand-up roller coaster for Six Flags Great America, similar to Shockwave at Six Flags Magic Mountain.[10] B&M accepted the offer and hired two more draftsmen. But B&M had a problem regarding how and where to manufacture the track pieces for the roller coaster. With the favorable history of the work done by Clermont Steel Fabricators (on Vortex, Kings Island, and Shockwave, Six Flags Great America), Walter Bolliger went to the steel plant and asked if they would be interested in manufacturing the track. Clermont Steel Fabricators accepted, and to this day, manufactures all of B&M's roller coaster track pieces for all of North America.[4] Now with a company to manufacture the track, B&M built its first roller coaster, a stand-up roller coaster, Iron Wolf, which opened in 1990 at Six Flags Great America.[8][9] Two years later, Bolliger & Mabillard built another project for Six Flags Great America, Batman: The Ride, the world's first inverted roller coaster, which brought them to prominence in the industry.[11][12]

Development

[edit]

Bolliger & Mabillard also invented the Floorless Coaster[13] and the Dive Coaster. The company also built its first launched roller coaster, the Incredible Hulk, which is at Islands of Adventure.[14] In 2010, B&M unveiled its new Wing Coaster and premiered the prototype model, named Raptor, at Gardaland in 2011.[15] It has two seats on each side on the car that hang riders over the sides of the track. As of 2019 there are fifteen in operation.[15] In 2015, B&M constructed Thunderbird at Holiday World & Splashin' Safari, its first in-house launched coaster.[16]

By 2010, B&M employed twelve engineers, twelve draftsmen and two draftswomen.[8][9] The company has made other contributions to the roller coaster industry. The company built the trains for the Psyclone, a now-demolished wooden roller coaster at Six Flags Magic Mountain. The trains were later used on the park's Colossus wooden roller coaster (until it was refurbished by Rocky Mountain Construction), but were only used during October each year. The trains faced backward and usually raced against trains on the second track, which ran forward.[17]

In 2013, the company launched the construction of Banshee, the world's longest inverted roller coaster.[18] B&M supplied new trains for Steel Dragon 2000, built by D. H. Morgan Manufacturing in 2000.[19][20] As of 2012, Bolliger & Mabillard had 85 operating roller coasters worldwide.[2] Of these, twenty-two were listed among that year's Amusement Today Golden Ticket Awards Top 50 Steel Coasters List for 2012 and five were in the top 10.

By 2016, Bolliger & Mabillard had completed its 100th coaster, and had built more roller coasters than any other manufacturer on the Golden Ticket Awards Steel Coasters list.[21]

Features

[edit]
Raptor's cobra roll, a first for inverted roller coasters

Bolliger & Mabillard currently manufactures ten different roller coaster styles: Stand-Up Coaster, Inverted Coaster, Floorless Coaster, Flying Coaster, Hyper Coaster, Dive Coaster, Sitting Coaster, Wing Coaster, Family Coaster and most recently, the Surf Coaster.[22][23] Bolliger & Mabillard has been involved in developing new technologies and concepts in roller coasters almost since its inception. It has often worked with engineer Werner Stengel and with designers and management of client theme parks.[24][25]

Lift hills

[edit]
Diagram comparing a standard lift hill and the B&M pre-drop lift hill.

Early Bolliger & Mabillard coasters feature an element known as a "pre-drop", a short drop after the top of the lift hill and before the start of the first drop, designed to reduce stress on the lift chain. The flat section between the pre-drop and the first drop serves as a shelf to support the weight of the train, reducing related stresses on the chain. On most coasters without a pre-drop, the weight of the train tends to pull on the lift chain as it begins its descent because the latter half of the train is still being lifted by the chain. Pre-drops have not been used on the company's Dive or Flying coasters, or on hyper coasters built after 1999.[26][27] OzIris at Parc Astérix was the first B&M inverted roller coaster that does not feature a pre-drop.[28] Ever since, no coaster built by B&M has featured a pre-drop[29][30] because the chain accelerates to acquire the same speed as the train when it is being taken over by gravity after it passes the crest.

Trains

[edit]

Most of Bolliger & Mabillard's roller coaster trains use four-abreast seating. Each car has one row of four seats, while the train length can vary between coasters. All of the company's coaster models, except the Dive Coaster, Wing Coaster, Family Inverted Coaster and Surf Coaster use this configuration. The Dive Coaster uses six, seven, eight or ten-abreast seating, with two or three rows of seats. For example, Griffon at Busch Gardens Williamsburg, uses ten seats in three rows, while Krake at Heide Park uses six-across seating in three rows.[31] On recent hyper coaster projects, B&M has used a new car design that has two rows of two seats; the two seats in the rear of the car pushed out from the centerline so that the four seats resemble a V formation. This formation has only been used on Behemoth at Canada's Wonderland, Diamondback at Kings Island, Thunder Striker at Carowinds, and Shambhala: Expedición al Himalaya at PortAventura Park, in the resort PortAventura World. In 2013, B&M introduced a new car design that has two rows of two seats, however, they are not in a V formation.[19][20]

All B&M hyper coasters use a type of restraint called a "T-bar" or "Clamshell" restraint, which consists of bar with a cushioned lap bar with two handles for riders to hold on to. This type of restraint generally does not use a seat belt, however seat belts have been added to Behemoth and Leviathan at Canada's Wonderland, Diamondback and Orion at Kings Island, and Intimidator and Fury 325 at Carowinds.[32] Bolliger & Mabillard also uses over-the-shoulder restraints, in that the restraint is placed over the riders' shoulders and sits and extends to the riders' laps. This type of restraint is used on Dive, Inverted, Sitting, Flying, Floorless, Stand-up and Wing Coasters.[33] Bolliger & Mabillard has recently begun using a vest like over the shoulder restraint, which reduces headbanging found on the older, more common padded over the shoulder restraints. These have been met with some criticism from the coaster community, due to the nature in which they tighten during the ride; stapling riders to their seats, resulting in less airtime (negative g-forces) being felt.

CAD model of B&M's signature box-spined track
B&M Friction Brakes Model

Track

[edit]

A notable feature of Bolliger & Mabillard roller coasters is the box-section track. The running rails are connected to a box-section spine, instead of the circular spine used by other manufacturers. When a train travels around a box-section track, it creates a one-of-a-kind whooshing sound, which is sometimes nicknamed the “B&M roar” by roller coaster enthusiasts. However, on some Bolliger & Mabillard roller coasters, such as Talon at Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom and GateKeeper at Cedar Point, the track is filled with a proprietary sound dampening material to reduce this noise.[34]

Also, depending on the model of the roller coaster, the track size can vary. Models such as the Flying, Wing and Dive Coaster have heavier trains which require a larger track size while models with lighter trains, such as the Stand-Up and Hyper Coaster, do not and use a smaller sized track.[4]

Brakes

[edit]

As of 2016, Bolliger & Mabillard uses three types of braking systems: friction, magnetic, and water.

Friction brakes

[edit]

When B&M was first founded, the linear magnetic eddy brake had yet to be developed, so it used friction brakes as its main braking system. On the train, pads are fitted on the vehicle chassis between the wheel assemblies. On the brakes, similar pads are connected to steel supports. When the pads on the train come into contact with the brakes, friction is created which slows the train.[35] Beginning with Kumba in 1993, friction brakes have also been used as trim brakes that regulate the speed of the train while it is still navigating the course.[36]

SheiKra's splashdown element
Patent for water brakes for Bolliger+Mabbilard

Magnetic brakes

[edit]

Magnetic brakes provide smoother deceleration than friction brakes; most B&M roller coasters built after 2001 (starting with Nitro) have at least one set of magnetic brakes. Magnetic brakes do not make contact with the train. Metal fins that run parallel to the train are fitted on the vehicle chassis between the wheel assemblies. As the fins pass through the brakes, the magnetic field created by the brakes slows the train. Magnetic brakes have also been used as an alternate type of trim brake on B&M roller coasters such as Leviathan at Canada's Wonderland.[37]

Water brakes

[edit]

Water brakes were first introduced on SheiKra at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay in 2005.[38] Water brakes can only be used when a splashdown element, in which a body of water surrounds a section of track, is present within the layout of the roller coaster. When scoops on the last car of each train come in contact with the surrounding water, the train slows down and the water is sprayed several feet into the air behind it.[39]

Notable roller coasters

[edit]
See also: Category:Roller coasters manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard
Vortex at Carowinds, a Stand-up Coaster model
Leviathan at Canada's Wonderland, a Hyper Coaster model
Batman: The Ride at Six Flags Great Adventure, an Inverted Coaster model
Dragon Khan at PortAventura Park, a Sitting Coaster model
Oblivion at Alton Towers, a Dive Coaster model
Hydra at Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom, a floorless coaster model
Behemoth at Canada's Wonderland, a Hyper Coaster model
Manta at SeaWorld Orlando, a Flying Coaster model
Raptor at Gardaland, first Wing Coaster model

According to the Roller Coaster DataBase, Bolliger & Mabillard has built 127 roller coasters since its founding in 1988,[40] beginning with Iron Wolf, which opened at Six Flags Great America in 1990.[41] Some have either been relocated, renamed or closed. In North America, B&M coaster designs are manufactured by Ohio company Clermont Steel Fabricators.[42][43][4]

Name Model Park Country Opened Status Notes Ref
Iron Wolf
Renamed Apocalypse
Renamed Firebird
 Stand-Up Coaster

Later Floorless Coaster		 Six Flags Great America
Six Flags America		 United States 1990 to 2011
2012 to 2018

2019
 Operating First B&M project and first build of this model [41]
[44]
Batman: The Ride Inverted Coaster Six Flags Great America United States 1992 Operating First build of this model [12]
Kumba Sitting Coaster Busch Gardens Tampa United States 1993 Operating First build of this model [45]
Dragon Khan Sitting Coaster PortAventura Park Spain 1995 Operating Record for most inversions (8) at opening [46]
Alpengeist Inverted Coaster Busch Gardens Williamsburg United States 1997 Operating Tallest of its class [47]
Oblivion Dive Coaster Alton Towers United Kingdom 1998 Operating First build of this model [48]
The Riddler's Revenge Stand-Up Coaster Six Flags Magic Mountain United States 1998 Operating Largest and fastest of its class [49]
Medusa
Formerly Bizarro		 Floorless Coaster Six Flags Great Adventure United States 1999 Operating First build of this model [50]
Incredible Hulk Sitting Coaster Universal Islands of Adventure United States 1999 Operating First launched B&M attraction [51]
Dragon Challenge
Formerly Dueling Dragons		 Inverted Coaster Universal Islands of Adventure United States 1999 Removed First B&M project to be demolished [52]
Apollo's Chariot Hyper Coaster Busch Gardens Williamsburg United States 1999 Operating First build of this model [53]
Galactica
Formerly Air		 Flying Coaster Alton Towers United Kingdom 2002 Operating First build of this model [54]
Dominator
Formerly Batman: Knight Flight		 Floorless Coaster Kings Dominion
Geauga Lake		 United States 2008
2000 to 2007		 Operating Largest of its class [55]
[56]
Raptor Wing Coaster Gardaland Italy 2011 Operating First build of this model [57]
Leviathan Hyper Coaster Canada's Wonderland Canada 2012 Operating First B&M roller coaster to be classified as a "gigacoaster" [58]
Rougarou
Formerly Mantis
 Floorless Coaster
Formerly Stand-Up Coaster
 Cedar Point United States 2015
1996 to 2014
 Operating First instance of B&M changing train type [59]
Fury 325 Hyper Coaster Carowinds United States 2015 Operating World's tallest non-launched roller coaster [60]
Yukon Striker Dive Coaster Canada's Wonderland Canada 2019 Operating Tallest of its class [61]
Pipeline: The Surf Coaster Surf Coaster (Stand Up) SeaWorld Orlando United States 2023 Operating First launched stand-up roller coaster [62]

References

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