Jump to content

Griffinia: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Rkitko (talk | contribs)
51,198 edits
remove hatnote - no need for this if redlinked
Unplaced names, subgenera publication, original publication
 
(27 intermediate revisions by 18 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Griffinia liboniana1ALagarde.jpg
|image = Griffinia liboniana1ALagarde.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Griffinia liboniana]]''<ref>illustration from Annales de la Société royale d’Agriculture et de Botanique de Gand, Journal d’horticulture by Charles Morren (editor). Gand [Gent], Local de la Société (Casino), etc., 1845, volume 1, plate 13. Hand-coloured lithograph by Alex. Lagarde</ref>
|image_caption = ''[[Griffinia liboniana]]''
|taxon = Griffinia
|taxon = Griffinia
|authority = [[Ker-Gawl.]]<ref>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/130909#page/32/mode/1up Ker Gawler, John Bellenden 1820. Botanical Register 6, plate 444 + 2 subsequent text pages] full-page color illustrion, description in Latin, commentary in English</ref>
|authority = [[Ker-Gawl.]]
|synonyms_ref=<ref name = "POWO, 2023" />
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
|synonyms=
|subdivision = See text.
* ''Hyline'' <small>Herb.</small>
* ''Libonia'' <small>Lem.</small>
|type_species = ''Griffinia hyacinthina'' <small>(Ker Gawl.) Ker Gawl.</small><ref name = "IPNI, 2023">''Griffinia'' | International Plant Names Index. (n.d.). Retrieved June 27, 2023, from https://www.ipni.org/n/330432-2</ref>
|range_map = Brazil in the world (W3).svg
|range_map_caption = ''Griffinia'' is endemic to Brazil<ref name = "POWO, 2023" />
}}
}}


'''''Griffinia''''' is a genus of monocotyledonous plants in the [[Amaryllidaceae]] family, subfamily [[Amaryllidoideae]].<ref>{{citation |last=Stevens |first=P.F. |year=2001 onwards |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#AllAma }}</ref> It includes 21 species which are endemic to [[South America]], [[Brazil]]. The most closely related genus to it is the monotypic ''[[Worsleya]]''. The members of the genus '''''Griffinia''''' are tropical, bulbous plants which grow in high levels of humidity. The leaves are green, petiolate, elliptical, sometimes with white speckles on them. The flowers are typical for the tribe - lilac or blue colored (although there are also white - colored species) and collected into an [[umbel]]. Many of the members in this genus are endangered because of the deforestation of their habitat.
'''''Griffinia''''' is a genus of [[Brazil]]ian plants in the [[Amaryllidaceae|Amaryllis family]], subfamily [[Amaryllidoideae]].<ref>{{citation |last=Stevens |first=P.F. |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#AllAma }}</ref> It includes 23 known species which are endemic to Brazil.<ref name = "POWO, 2023" /> The most closely related genus to it is the [[monotypic]] ''[[Worsleya]]''.
[[File:Development of Griffinia espiritensis var. ituberae K.D.Preuss & Meerow inflorescence.jpg|thumb|Development of inflorescence of ''Griffinia espiritensis'' var. ''ituberae'']]
[[File:Lateral view of Griffinia espiritensis var. ituberae K.D.Preuss & Meerow inflorescence.jpg|thumb|Lateral view of inflorescence of ''Griffinia espiritensis'' var. ''ituberae'']]
[[File:Detail of Griffinia espiritensis var. ituberae K.D.Preuss & Meerow flower.jpg|thumb|Detail of flower of ''Griffinia espiritensis'' var. ''ituberae'']]
[[File:Immature Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna bulb.jpg|thumb|Immature bulb of ''Griffinia gardneriana'']]

The members of the genus '''''Griffinia''''' are tropical, bulbous plants which grow in high levels of humidity. The leaves are green, petiolate, elliptical, sometimes with white speckles on them. The flowers are typical for the tribe - lilac or blue colored (although there are also white - colored species) and collected into an [[umbel]]. Many of the members in this genus are endangered because of the [[deforestation]] of their habitat.<ref>Preuss, Kevin D. 2000. The Genus ''Griffinia'' Ker Gawler (Amaryllidaceae), Revisited. Herbertia 54(1999): 51-66.</ref>


== Taxonomy ==
== Taxonomy ==
''Griffinia'' {{small|Ker Gawl.}} was published by [[John Bellenden Ker]] in 1820 with ''[[Griffinia hyacinthina]]'' {{small|(Ker Gawl.) Ker Gawl.}} as the type species.<ref name = "Meerow et al., 2000" /> The genus ''Hyline'' {{small|Herb.}} published by [[William Herbert (botanist)|William Herbert]] in 1840 is now a synonym of ''Griffinia'' {{small|Ker Gawl.}},<ref name = "POWO, 2023" /> but it was retained on the subgeneric level as the subgenus ''Griffinia'' subg. ''Hyline'' Rav. published by [[Pedro Felix Ravenna]] in 1969.<ref name = "Meerow et al., 2000" /> The genus ''Libonia'' Lem. published by [[Charles Antoine Lemaire]] in 1852 is a synonym of ''Griffinia'' {{small|Ker Gawl.}}<ref name = "POWO, 2023" />
The genus '''''Griffinia''''' includes 2 subgenera and 21 species.
===Subgenera===
The genus ''Griffinia'' is divided into ''Griffinia'' subg. ''Hyline'' {{small|Ravenna}}, in which only ''Griffinia gardneriana'' <small>(Herb.) Ravenna</small> and ''Griffinia nocturna'' <small>Ravenna</small> are placed, as well as the [[Autonym (botany)|autonymous]] subgenus ''Griffinia'' subg. ''Griffinia'', which includes all other species.<ref name = "Meerow et al., 2000">Meerow, A. W., Preuss, K. D., Fernando, A., & Tombolato, C. (2000, August). [https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/download/2963/pdf "''Griffinia'' (Amaryllidaceae), a critically endangered Brazilian geophyte with horticultural potential."] In VIII International Symposium on Flowerbulbs 570 (pp. 57–64).</ref>


===Species===
*Subgenus ''Griffinia'' - includes the typical blue - flowering members of the genus.
As of June 2023, the genus comprises 23 species:<ref name = "POWO, 2023">{{cite POWO |id=330432-2 |title=''Griffinia'' Ker Gawl. |access-date=27 June 2023}}</ref>
**''[[Griffinia alba]]''
**''[[Griffinia aracensis]]''
*''[[Griffinia alba]]'' <small>K.D.Preuss & Meerow</small>
**''[[Griffinia arifolia]]''
*''[[Griffinia albolineata]]'' <small>Campos-Rocha</small>
**''[[Griffinia colatinensis]]''
*''[[Griffinia angustifolia]]'' <small>Campos-Rocha, Dutilh & Semir</small>
**''[[Griffinia concinna]]''
*''[[Griffinia aracensis]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia cordata]]''
*''[[Griffinia arifolia]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia espiritensis]]''
*''[[Griffinia capixabae]]'' <small>Campos-Rocha & Dutilh</small>
**''[[Griffinia hyacinthina]]
*''[[Griffinia colatinensis]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia ilheusiana]]''
*''[[Griffinia concinna]]'' <small>(Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia intermedia]]''
*''[[Griffinia espiritensis]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia itambensis]]''
*''[[Griffinia gardneriana]]'' <small>(Herb.) Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia leucantha]]''
*''[[Griffinia hyacinthina]]'' <small>(Ker Gawl.) Ker Gawl.</small>
**''[[Griffinia liboniana]]''
*''[[Griffinia ilheusiana]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia mucurina]]''
*''[[Griffinia intermedia]]'' <small>Lindl.</small>
**''[[Griffinia ornata]]''
*''[[Griffinia itambensis]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia parviflora]]''
*''[[Griffinia liboniana]]'' <small>É.Morren</small>
**''[[Griffinia paubrasilica]]''
*''[[Griffinia meerowiana]]'' <small>Campos-Rocha & M.Peixoto</small>
**''[[Griffinia rochae]]''
*''[[Griffinia mucurina]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
**''[[Griffinia rostrata]]''
*''[[Griffinia nocturna]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
*''[[Griffinia ornata]]'' <small>T.Moore</small>
*Subgenus '''''Hyline''''' - includes white - flowering, fragrant members.
**''[[Griffinia nocturna]]''
*''[[Griffinia parviflora]]'' <small>Ker Gawl.</small>
**''[[Griffinia gardneriana]]''
*''[[Griffinia paubrasilica]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>
*''[[Griffinia rochae]]'' <small>G.M.Morel</small>
*''[[Griffinia rostrata]]'' <small>Ravenna</small>

Several [[Species inquirenda|unplaced names]] exist:
*''Hyline itaobina'' Ravenna was published by Pedro Felix Ravenna in 2003.<ref>{{cite POWO |id=20010954-1 |title=''Hyline itaobina'' Ravenna |accessdate=24 November 2024}}</ref>
*''Hyline paraensis'' Ravenna was published by Pedro Felix Ravenna in 2003.<ref>{{cite POWO |id=20010955-1 |title=''Hyline paraensis'' Ravenna |accessdate=24 November 2024}}</ref>

==Conservation==
''Griffinia intermedia'' is categorized as endangered (EN) by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is only known from two locations, in which the species, as well as its habitat is continually declining.<ref name = "Moraes, 2016">Moraes, L. 2016. ''Griffinia intermedia''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T107250175A107302180. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T107250175A107302180.pt. Accessed on 15 May 2023.</ref> An initiative has been taken to replicate the fragrance of ''Griffinia gardneriana'', which is threatened with extinction, for the creation of a perfume. The sale of the perfume is meant to financially contribute to the conservation effort for this species.<ref name = "Fischermann, 2022">Fischermann, T. (2022, February 4). Jägerin der verlorenen Düfte. ZEIT ONLINE. Retrieved July 1, 2023, from https://www.zeit.de/2022/06/pflanzenschutz-kosmetik-luiza-de-paula-the-red-list-project</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5608850}}


[[Category:Amaryllidaceae genera]]
[[Category:Amaryllidaceae genera]]
[[Category:Amaryllidoideae]]
[[Category:Amaryllidoideae]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Brazil]]



{{Amaryllidaceae-stub}}
[[pt:Griffinia]]
[[es:Griffinia]]

Latest revision as of 22:05, 24 November 2024

Griffinia
Griffinia liboniana[3]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Tribe: Griffineae
Genus: Griffinia
Ker-Gawl.[1]
Type species
Griffinia hyacinthina (Ker Gawl.) Ker Gawl.[2]
Griffinia is endemic to Brazil[4]
Synonyms[4]
  • Hyline Herb.
  • Libonia Lem.

Griffinia is a genus of Brazilian plants in the Amaryllis family, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.[5] It includes 23 known species which are endemic to Brazil.[4] The most closely related genus to it is the monotypic Worsleya.

Development of inflorescence of Griffinia espiritensis var. ituberae
Lateral view of inflorescence of Griffinia espiritensis var. ituberae
Detail of flower of Griffinia espiritensis var. ituberae
Immature bulb of Griffinia gardneriana

The members of the genus Griffinia are tropical, bulbous plants which grow in high levels of humidity. The leaves are green, petiolate, elliptical, sometimes with white speckles on them. The flowers are typical for the tribe - lilac or blue colored (although there are also white - colored species) and collected into an umbel. Many of the members in this genus are endangered because of the deforestation of their habitat.[6]

Taxonomy

[edit]

Griffinia Ker Gawl. was published by John Bellenden Ker in 1820 with Griffinia hyacinthina (Ker Gawl.) Ker Gawl. as the type species.[7] The genus Hyline Herb. published by William Herbert in 1840 is now a synonym of Griffinia Ker Gawl.,[4] but it was retained on the subgeneric level as the subgenus Griffinia subg. Hyline Rav. published by Pedro Felix Ravenna in 1969.[7] The genus Libonia Lem. published by Charles Antoine Lemaire in 1852 is a synonym of Griffinia Ker Gawl.[4]

Subgenera

[edit]

The genus Griffinia is divided into Griffinia subg. Hyline Ravenna, in which only Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna and Griffinia nocturna Ravenna are placed, as well as the autonymous subgenus Griffinia subg. Griffinia, which includes all other species.[7]

Species

[edit]

As of June 2023, the genus comprises 23 species:[4]

Several unplaced names exist:

  • Hyline itaobina Ravenna was published by Pedro Felix Ravenna in 2003.[8]
  • Hyline paraensis Ravenna was published by Pedro Felix Ravenna in 2003.[9]

Conservation

[edit]

Griffinia intermedia is categorized as endangered (EN) by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is only known from two locations, in which the species, as well as its habitat is continually declining.[10] An initiative has been taken to replicate the fragrance of Griffinia gardneriana, which is threatened with extinction, for the creation of a perfume. The sale of the perfume is meant to financially contribute to the conservation effort for this species.[11]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ker Gawler, John Bellenden 1820. Botanical Register 6, plate 444 + 2 subsequent text pages full-page color illustrion, description in Latin, commentary in English
  2. ^ Griffinia | International Plant Names Index. (n.d.). Retrieved June 27, 2023, from https://www.ipni.org/n/330432-2
  3. ^ illustration from Annales de la Société royale d’Agriculture et de Botanique de Gand, Journal d’horticulture by Charles Morren (editor). Gand [Gent], Local de la Société (Casino), etc., 1845, volume 1, plate 13. Hand-coloured lithograph by Alex. Lagarde
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Griffinia Ker Gawl". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  5. ^ Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae
  6. ^ Preuss, Kevin D. 2000. The Genus Griffinia Ker Gawler (Amaryllidaceae), Revisited. Herbertia 54(1999): 51-66.
  7. ^ a b c Meerow, A. W., Preuss, K. D., Fernando, A., & Tombolato, C. (2000, August). "Griffinia (Amaryllidaceae), a critically endangered Brazilian geophyte with horticultural potential." In VIII International Symposium on Flowerbulbs 570 (pp. 57–64).
  8. ^ "Hyline itaobina Ravenna". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
  9. ^ "Hyline paraensis Ravenna". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
  10. ^ Moraes, L. 2016. Griffinia intermedia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T107250175A107302180. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T107250175A107302180.pt. Accessed on 15 May 2023.
  11. ^ Fischermann, T. (2022, February 4). Jägerin der verlorenen Düfte. ZEIT ONLINE. Retrieved July 1, 2023, from https://www.zeit.de/2022/06/pflanzenschutz-kosmetik-luiza-de-paula-the-red-list-project


Stub icon

This Amaryllidaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Griffinia&oldid=1259390001"