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{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Ardem Patapoutian
| name = Ardem Patapoutian
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1967}}
| birth_date = October 1,
{{birth year and age|1967}}
| birth_place = [[Beirut]], Lebanon
| birth_place = [[Beirut]], Lebanon
| death_date =
| death_date =
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==Early life==
==Early life==
Ardem Patapoutian ({{lang-hy|Արտեմ Փաթափութեան}}) was born to a [[Armenians in Lebanon|Lebanese Armenian]] family in [[Beirut]], Lebanon.<ref name="Ahlander-2021" /><ref name="The Indian Express 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=Americans Julius and Patapoutian win 2021 Nobel Prize in Medicine|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/nobel-prize-medicine-david-julius-ardem-patapoutian-7551438/|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref name="Scripps Research 2020">{{cite web|date=April 30, 2020|title=Scripps Research neurobiologist Ardem Patapoutian elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences|url=https://www.scripps.edu/news-and-events/press-room/2020/20200430-patapoutian-academy.html|url-status=live|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=[[Scripps Research]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310150556/https://www.scripps.edu/news-and-events/press-room/2020/20200430-patapoutian-academy.html |archive-date=March 10, 2021 }}</ref> His father, Sarkis Patapoutian (better known by the pen name {{ill|Sarkis Vahakn|hy|Սարգիս Վահագն}}), is a poet and an accountant,<ref name="lorientlejour">{{cite news |last1=Braidy |first1=Nour |title=Ardem Patapoutian: The journey of a boy from Beirut who won the Nobel Prize |url=https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1277723/ardem-patapoutian-the-journey-of-a-boy-from-beirut-who-won-the-nobel-prize.html |work=[[L'Orient-Le Jour]] |date=October 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106165130/https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1277723/ardem-patapoutian-the-journey-of-a-boy-from-beirut-who-won-the-nobel-prize.html |archive-date=November 6, 2021}}</ref> while his mother, Haiguhi Adjemian, was the principal of an Armenian school in Beirut. He has a brother, Ara, and a sister, Houry.<ref>{{cite web |title=Նոբելյան մրցանակ է շնորհվել հայազգի գիտնական Արտեմ Փաթափությանին |url=https://www.sci.am/m/newsview.php?id=427&langid=1 |website=sci.am |publisher=[[National Academy of Sciences of Armenia]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170749/https://www.sci.am/m/newsview.php?id=427&langid=1 |archive-date=October 28, 2021 |language=hy |date=October 6, 2021}}</ref> His grandparents settled in Lebanon from [[Saimbeyli|Hadjin]] after surviving the [[Armenian Genocide]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Patapoutian |first1=Ardem |title=The Armenian Genocide is still denied and ignored by many but is commemorated by Armenians around the globe on April 24 (107th anniversary this year). Today I am thinking of my ancestors who perished and those who survived and started a new life in Lebanon. |url=https://twitter.com/ardemp/status/1518110756801110018 |publisher=Twitter |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220507192058/https://twitter.com/ardemp/status/1518110756801110018 |archive-date=May 7, 2022 |date=April 24, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title='My family's history is represented here' – Ardem Patapoutian visits Armenian Genocide Memorial |url=https://armenpress.am/eng/news/1086159/ |agency=[[Armenpress]] |date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625220019/https://armenpress.am/eng/news/1086159 |archive-date=June 25, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ARDEM PATAPOUTIAN WINS NOBEL PRIZE IN MEDICINE |url=https://armenianprelacy.org/2021/10/06/ardem-patapoutian-wins-nobel-prize-in-medicine/ |website=Armenianprelacy.org}}</ref>
Ardem Patapoutian ({{langx|hy|Արտեմ Փաթափութեան}}) was born to a [[Armenians in Lebanon|Lebanese Armenian]] family in [[Beirut]], Lebanon.<ref name="Ahlander-2021" /><ref name="The Indian Express 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=Americans Julius and Patapoutian win 2021 Nobel Prize in Medicine|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/nobel-prize-medicine-david-julius-ardem-patapoutian-7551438/|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref name="Scripps Research 2020">{{cite web|date=April 30, 2020|title=Scripps Research neurobiologist Ardem Patapoutian elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences|url=https://www.scripps.edu/news-and-events/press-room/2020/20200430-patapoutian-academy.html|url-status=live|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=[[Scripps Research]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310150556/https://www.scripps.edu/news-and-events/press-room/2020/20200430-patapoutian-academy.html |archive-date=March 10, 2021 }}</ref> His father, Sarkis Patapoutian (better known by the pen name {{ill|Sarkis Vahakn|hy|Սարգիս Վահագն}}), is a poet and an accountant,<ref name="lorientlejour">{{cite news |last1=Braidy |first1=Nour |title=Ardem Patapoutian: The journey of a boy from Beirut who won the Nobel Prize |url=https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1277723/ardem-patapoutian-the-journey-of-a-boy-from-beirut-who-won-the-nobel-prize.html |work=[[L'Orient-Le Jour]] |date=October 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106165130/https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1277723/ardem-patapoutian-the-journey-of-a-boy-from-beirut-who-won-the-nobel-prize.html |archive-date=November 6, 2021}}</ref> while his mother, Haiguhi Adjemian, was the principal of an Armenian school in Beirut. He has a brother, Ara, and a sister, Houry.<ref>{{cite web |title=Նոբելյան մրցանակ է շնորհվել հայազգի գիտնական Արտեմ Փաթափությանին |url=https://www.sci.am/m/newsview.php?id=427&langid=1 |website=sci.am |publisher=[[National Academy of Sciences of Armenia]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170749/https://www.sci.am/m/newsview.php?id=427&langid=1 |archive-date=October 28, 2021 |language=hy |date=October 6, 2021}}</ref> His grandparents settled in Lebanon from [[Saimbeyli|Hadjin]] after surviving the [[Armenian Genocide]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Patapoutian |first1=Ardem |title=The Armenian Genocide is still denied and ignored by many but is commemorated by Armenians around the globe on April 24 (107th anniversary this year). Today I am thinking of my ancestors who perished and those who survived and started a new life in Lebanon. |url=https://twitter.com/ardemp/status/1518110756801110018 |publisher=Twitter |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220507192058/https://twitter.com/ardemp/status/1518110756801110018 |archive-date=May 7, 2022 |date=April 24, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title='My family's history is represented here' – Ardem Patapoutian visits Armenian Genocide Memorial |url=https://armenpress.am/eng/news/1086159/ |agency=[[Armenpress]] |date=June 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625220019/https://armenpress.am/eng/news/1086159 |archive-date=June 25, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ARDEM PATAPOUTIAN WINS NOBEL PRIZE IN MEDICINE |url=https://armenianprelacy.org/2021/10/06/ardem-patapoutian-wins-nobel-prize-in-medicine/ |website=Armenianprelacy.org}}</ref>


He is childhood friends with journalist and author [[Vicken Cheterian]].<ref name="mediamax">{{cite web |first=Mari|last=Taryan|title=Արտեմ Փաթափությանի մանկությունը՝ բասկետբոլի եւ պատերազմի արանքում |url=https://mediamax.am/am/news/science/44846/ |website=mediamax.am |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108202019/https://mediamax.am/am/news/science/44846/ |archive-date=November 8, 2021 |language=hy |date=October 5, 2021}}</ref> He attended the Demirdjian and Hovagimian Armenian schools in Beirut.<ref name="mediamax" /> He enrolled at the [[American University of Beirut]] for a year before emigrating to the United States in 1986.<ref name="Scripps Research 2020" /><ref name="American University of Beirut 2021">{{cite web|date=October 5, 2021|title=Nobel Prize for AUB alumnus and former student Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://www.aub.edu.lb/articles/Pages/Nobel_Prize_AUB_alumnus_Ardem_Patapoutian.aspx|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=American University of Beirut}}</ref> He received a [[Bachelor of Science|B.S.]] degree in cell and developmental biology from the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] in 1990 and a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] degree in biology from the [[California Institute of Technology]] in 1996 under direction of [[Barbara Wold]].<ref name="thesis-patapoutian-1996">{{cite thesis |title=The Role of the MyoD Family Genes During Mouse Development |date=1996 |institution= California Institute of Technology |degree=Ph.D. |last=Patapoutian |first=Ardem |id={{ProQuest|304282071}} |oclc=35966904}}</ref><ref name="Scripps Research 2020" /><ref name="kavli">{{Cite web|date=March 12, 2021|title=Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://kavliprize.org/prizes-and-laureates/laureates/ardem-patapoutian|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204431/https://kavliprize.org/prizes-and-laureates/laureates/ardem-patapoutian|archive-date=June 24, 2021|access-date=June 23, 2021|website=www.kavliprize.org}}</ref>
He is childhood friends with journalist and author [[Vicken Cheterian]].<ref name="mediamax">{{cite web |first=Mari|last=Taryan|title=Արտեմ Փաթափությանի մանկությունը՝ բասկետբոլի եւ պատերազմի արանքում |url=https://mediamax.am/am/news/science/44846/ |website=mediamax.am |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108202019/https://mediamax.am/am/news/science/44846/ |archive-date=November 8, 2021 |language=hy |date=October 5, 2021}}</ref> He attended the Demirdjian and Hovagimian Armenian schools in Beirut.<ref name="mediamax" /> He enrolled at the [[American University of Beirut]] for a year before emigrating to the United States in 1986.<ref name="Scripps Research 2020" /><ref name="American University of Beirut 2021">{{cite web|date=October 5, 2021|title=Nobel Prize for AUB alumnus and former student Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://www.aub.edu.lb/articles/Pages/Nobel_Prize_AUB_alumnus_Ardem_Patapoutian.aspx|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=American University of Beirut}}</ref> He received a [[Bachelor of Science|B.S.]] degree in cell and developmental biology from the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] in 1990 and a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] degree in biology from the [[California Institute of Technology]] in 1996 under direction of [[Barbara Wold]].<ref name="thesis-patapoutian-1996">{{cite thesis |title=The Role of the MyoD Family Genes During Mouse Development |date=1996 |institution= California Institute of Technology |degree=Ph.D. |last=Patapoutian |first=Ardem |id={{ProQuest|304282071}} |oclc=35966904}}</ref><ref name="Scripps Research 2020" /><ref name="kavli">{{Cite web|date=March 12, 2021|title=Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://kavliprize.org/prizes-and-laureates/laureates/ardem-patapoutian|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204431/https://kavliprize.org/prizes-and-laureates/laureates/ardem-patapoutian|archive-date=June 24, 2021|access-date=June 23, 2021|website=www.kavliprize.org}}</ref>
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Patapoutian researches the signal [[Transduction (physiology)|transduction]] of sensors. Patapoutian and co-workers inactivated genes.<ref name="The New York Times 2021" /> In this way, they identified the gene, that made the cells insensitive for touch.<ref name="The New York Times 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/04/health/nobel-prize-medicine-physiology-temperature-touch.html|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> The channel for the sense of touch was called [[PIEZO1]] ({{translation|pressure}}).<ref name="The New York Times 2021" /> Through its similarity to PIEZO1, a second gene was discovered and named [[PIEZO2]].<ref name="NobelPrize.org 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2021/press-release/|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=NobelPrize.org}}</ref> This [[ion channel]], the more important of the two mechanoreceptors, is essential for the sense of touch.<ref name="NobelPrize.org 2021" /><ref name="GmbH 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=Medizin-Nobelpreis: Wie Nervenzellen Temperaturen und Berührungen erkennen|url=https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/127840/Medizin-Nobelpreis-Wie-Nervenzellen-Temperaturen-und-Beruehrungen-erkennen|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=Deutsches Ärzteblatt|language=de}}</ref> PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 channels have been shown to regulate additional important physiological processes including blood pressure, respiration and urinary bladder control.<ref name="NobelPrize.org 2021" />
Patapoutian researches the signal [[Transduction (physiology)|transduction]] of sensors. Patapoutian and co-workers inactivated genes.<ref name="The New York Times 2021" /> In this way, they identified the gene, that made the cells insensitive for touch.<ref name="The New York Times 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/04/health/nobel-prize-medicine-physiology-temperature-touch.html|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> The channel for the sense of touch was called [[PIEZO1]] ({{translation|pressure}}).<ref name="The New York Times 2021" /> Through its similarity to PIEZO1, a second gene was discovered and named [[PIEZO2]].<ref name="NobelPrize.org 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2021/press-release/|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=NobelPrize.org}}</ref> This [[ion channel]], the more important of the two mechanoreceptors, is essential for the sense of touch.<ref name="NobelPrize.org 2021" /><ref name="GmbH 2021">{{cite web|date=October 4, 2021|title=Medizin-Nobelpreis: Wie Nervenzellen Temperaturen und Berührungen erkennen|url=https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/127840/Medizin-Nobelpreis-Wie-Nervenzellen-Temperaturen-und-Beruehrungen-erkennen|access-date=October 5, 2021|website=Deutsches Ärzteblatt|language=de}}</ref> PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 channels have been shown to regulate additional important physiological processes including blood pressure, respiration and urinary bladder control.<ref name="NobelPrize.org 2021" />


Patapoutian also made significant contributions to the identification of novel ion channels and receptors that are activated by temperature, mechanical forces or increased cell volume.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Syeda|first1=Ruhma|last2=Qiu|first2=Zhaozhu|last3=Dubin|first3=Adrienne E.|last4=Murthy|first4=Swetha E.|last5=Florendo|first5=Maria N.|last6=Mason|first6=Daniel E.|last7=Mathur|first7=Jayanti|last8=Cahalan|first8=Stuart M.|last9=Peters|first9=Eric C.|last10=Montal|first10=Mauricio|last11=Patapoutian|first11=Ardem|date=January 28, 2016|title=LRRC8 Proteins Form Volume-Regulated Anion Channels that Sense Ionic Strength|journal=Cell|volume=164|issue=3|pages=499–511|doi=10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.031|issn=1097-4172|pmc=4733249|pmid=26824658}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Qiu|first1=Zhaozhu|last2=Dubin|first2=Adrienne E.|last3=Mathur|first3=Jayanti|last4=Tu|first4=Buu|last5=Reddy|first5=Kritika|last6=Miraglia|first6=Loren J.|last7=Reinhardt|first7=Jürgen|last8=Orth|first8=Anthony P.|last9=Patapoutian|first9=Ardem|year=2014|title=SWELL1, a Plasma Membrane Protein, Is an Essential Component of Volume-Regulated Anion Channel|journal=Cell|publisher=Elsevier BV|volume=157|issue=2|pages=447–458|doi=10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.024|issn=0092-8674|pmc=4023864|pmid=24725410}}</ref> Patapoutian and co-workers were able to show that these ion channels play an outstanding role in the sensation of temperature, in the sensation of touch, in [[proprioception]],<ref name="Woo Lukacs de Nooij Zaytseva pp. 1756–1762">{{cite journal|last1=Woo|first1=Seung-Hyun|last2=Lukacs|first2=Viktor|last3=de Nooij|first3=Joriene C|last4=Zaytseva|first4=Dasha|last5=Criddle|first5=Connor R|last6=Francisco|first6=Allain|last7=Jessell|first7=Thomas M|last8=Wilkinson|first8=Katherine A|last9=Patapoutian|first9=Ardem|date=November 9, 2015|title=Piezo2 is the principal mechanotransduction channel for proprioception|journal=Nature Neuroscience|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC|volume=18|issue=12|pages=1756–1762|doi=10.1038/nn.4162|issn=1097-6256|pmc=4661126|pmid=26551544}}</ref> in the [[neuropathic pain|sensation of pain]] and in the regulation of vascular tone. More recent work uses [[functional genomics]] techniques to identify and characterize mechanosensitive ion channels ([[mechanotransduction]]).<ref name="Scripps Research">{{cite web|title=Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://www.scripps.edu/faculty/patapoutian/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202113742/https://www.scripps.edu/faculty/patapoutian/|archive-date=February 2, 2021|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=Scripps Research}}</ref><ref name="Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute 2019">{{cite web|date=December 17, 2019|title=Piezo channels in mechanotransduction: Sensory biology to disease – Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://neuroscience.stanford.edu/events/piezo-channels-mechanotransduction-sensory-biology-disease-ardem-patapoutian|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004145413/https://neuroscience.stanford.edu/events/piezo-channels-mechanotransduction-sensory-biology-disease-ardem-patapoutian|archive-date=October 4, 2021|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute}}</ref><ref name="Syeda Xu Dubin Coste p.">{{cite journal|last1=Syeda|first1=Ruhma|last2=Xu|first2=Jie|last3=Dubin|first3=Adrienne E|last4=Coste|first4=Bertrand|last5=Mathur|first5=Jayanti|last6=Huynh|first6=Truc|last7=Matzen|first7=Jason|last8=Lao|first8=Jianmin|last9=Tully|first9=David C|last10=Engels|first10=Ingo H|last11=Petrassi|first11=H Michael|date=May 22, 2015|title=Chemical activation of the mechanotransduction channel Piezo1|journal=eLife|publisher=eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd|volume=4|page=|doi=10.7554/elife.07369|issn=2050-084X|pmc=4456433|pmid=26001275|last13=Montal|first13=Mauricio|last14=Bandell|first14=Michael|last15=Patapoutian|first15=Ardem|last12=Schumacher|first12=Andrew M |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Murthy Dubin Patapoutian pp. 771–783">{{cite journal|last1=Murthy|first1=Swetha E.|last2=Dubin|first2=Adrienne E.|last3=Patapoutian|first3=Ardem|date=October 4, 2017|title=Piezos thrive under pressure: mechanically activated ion channels in health and disease|journal=Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC|volume=18|issue=12|pages=771–783|doi=10.1038/nrm.2017.92|issn=1471-0072|pmid=28974772|s2cid=20977908}}</ref>
Patapoutian also made significant contributions to the identification of novel ion channels and receptors that are activated by temperature, mechanical forces or increased cell volume.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Syeda|first1=Ruhma|last2=Qiu|first2=Zhaozhu|last3=Dubin|first3=Adrienne E.|last4=Murthy|first4=Swetha E.|last5=Florendo|first5=Maria N.|last6=Mason|first6=Daniel E.|last7=Mathur|first7=Jayanti|last8=Cahalan|first8=Stuart M.|last9=Peters|first9=Eric C.|last10=Montal|first10=Mauricio|last11=Patapoutian|first11=Ardem|date=January 28, 2016|title=LRRC8 Proteins Form Volume-Regulated Anion Channels that Sense Ionic Strength|journal=Cell|volume=164|issue=3|pages=499–511|doi=10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.031|issn=1097-4172|pmc=4733249|pmid=26824658}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Qiu|first1=Zhaozhu|last2=Dubin|first2=Adrienne E.|last3=Mathur|first3=Jayanti|last4=Tu|first4=Buu|last5=Reddy|first5=Kritika|last6=Miraglia|first6=Loren J.|last7=Reinhardt|first7=Jürgen|last8=Orth|first8=Anthony P.|last9=Patapoutian|first9=Ardem|year=2014|title=SWELL1, a Plasma Membrane Protein, Is an Essential Component of Volume-Regulated Anion Channel|journal=Cell|publisher=Elsevier BV|volume=157|issue=2|pages=447–458|doi=10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.024|issn=0092-8674|pmc=4023864|pmid=24725410}}</ref> Patapoutian and his collaborators were able to show that these ion channels play an outstanding role in the sensation of temperature, in the sensation of touch, in [[proprioception]],<ref name="Woo Lukacs de Nooij Zaytseva pp. 1756–1762">{{cite journal|last1=Woo|first1=Seung-Hyun|last2=Lukacs|first2=Viktor|last3=de Nooij|first3=Joriene C|last4=Zaytseva|first4=Dasha|last5=Criddle|first5=Connor R|last6=Francisco|first6=Allain|last7=Jessell|first7=Thomas M|last8=Wilkinson|first8=Katherine A|last9=Patapoutian|first9=Ardem|date=November 9, 2015|title=Piezo2 is the principal mechanotransduction channel for proprioception|journal=Nature Neuroscience|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC|volume=18|issue=12|pages=1756–1762|doi=10.1038/nn.4162|issn=1097-6256|pmc=4661126|pmid=26551544}}</ref> in the [[neuropathic pain|sensation of pain]] and in the regulation of vascular tone. More recent work uses [[functional genomics]] techniques to identify and characterize mechanosensitive ion channels ([[mechanotransduction]]).<ref name="Scripps Research">{{cite web|title=Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://www.scripps.edu/faculty/patapoutian/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202113742/https://www.scripps.edu/faculty/patapoutian/|archive-date=February 2, 2021|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=Scripps Research}}</ref><ref name="Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute 2019">{{cite web|date=December 17, 2019|title=Piezo channels in mechanotransduction: Sensory biology to disease – Ardem Patapoutian|url=https://neuroscience.stanford.edu/events/piezo-channels-mechanotransduction-sensory-biology-disease-ardem-patapoutian|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004145413/https://neuroscience.stanford.edu/events/piezo-channels-mechanotransduction-sensory-biology-disease-ardem-patapoutian|archive-date=October 4, 2021|access-date=October 4, 2021|website=Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute}}</ref><ref name="Syeda Xu Dubin Coste p.">{{cite journal|last1=Syeda|first1=Ruhma|last2=Xu|first2=Jie|last3=Dubin|first3=Adrienne E|last4=Coste|first4=Bertrand|last5=Mathur|first5=Jayanti|last6=Huynh|first6=Truc|last7=Matzen|first7=Jason|last8=Lao|first8=Jianmin|last9=Tully|first9=David C|last10=Engels|first10=Ingo H|last11=Petrassi|first11=H Michael|date=May 22, 2015|title=Chemical activation of the mechanotransduction channel Piezo1|journal=eLife|publisher=eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd|volume=4|page=|doi=10.7554/elife.07369|issn=2050-084X|pmc=4456433|pmid=26001275|last13=Montal|first13=Mauricio|last14=Bandell|first14=Michael|last15=Patapoutian|first15=Ardem|last12=Schumacher|first12=Andrew M |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Murthy Dubin Patapoutian pp. 771–783">{{cite journal|last1=Murthy|first1=Swetha E.|last2=Dubin|first2=Adrienne E.|last3=Patapoutian|first3=Ardem|date=October 4, 2017|title=Piezos thrive under pressure: mechanically activated ion channels in health and disease|journal=Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC|volume=18|issue=12|pages=771–783|doi=10.1038/nrm.2017.92|issn=1471-0072|pmid=28974772|s2cid=20977908}}</ref>


==Awards and honors==
==Awards and honors==
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[[Category:American people of Armenian descent]]
[[Category:American people of Armenian descent]]
[[Category:American University of Beirut alumni]]
[[Category:American University of Beirut alumni]]
[[Category:Armenian scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century Armenian scientists]]
[[Category:Lebanese emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Lebanese emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:California Institute of Technology alumni]]
[[Category:California Institute of Technology alumni]]

Latest revision as of 03:44, 24 November 2024

Ardem Patapoutian
Ardem Patapoutian in 2022
BornOctober 1, 1967 (age 56–57)
Beirut, Lebanon
Citizenship
  • Armenia
  • Lebanon
  • United States
EducationAmerican University of Beirut
University of California, Los Angeles (BS)
California Institute of Technology (MS, PhD)
Known forresearch of PIEZO1, PIEZO2, TRPM8 receptors
AwardsNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2021)
Scientific career
FieldsMolecular biology, neuroscience
InstitutionsScripps Research
ThesisThe role of the MyoD family genes during mouse development (1996)
Doctoral advisorBarbara Wold

Ardem Patapoutian (born 1967)[1] is a Lebanese-American molecular biologist, neuroscientist, and Nobel Prize laureate of Armenian descent.[2] He is known for his work in characterizing the PIEZO1, PIEZO2, and TRPM8 receptors that detect pressure, menthol, and temperature. Patapoutian is a neuroscience professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California. In 2021, he won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with David Julius.[3]

Early life

[edit]

Ardem Patapoutian (Armenian: Արտեմ Փաթափութեան) was born to a Lebanese Armenian family in Beirut, Lebanon.[2][4][5] His father, Sarkis Patapoutian (better known by the pen name Sarkis Vahakn [hy]), is a poet and an accountant,[6] while his mother, Haiguhi Adjemian, was the principal of an Armenian school in Beirut. He has a brother, Ara, and a sister, Houry.[7] His grandparents settled in Lebanon from Hadjin after surviving the Armenian Genocide.[8][9][10]

He is childhood friends with journalist and author Vicken Cheterian.[11] He attended the Demirdjian and Hovagimian Armenian schools in Beirut.[11] He enrolled at the American University of Beirut for a year before emigrating to the United States in 1986.[5][12] He received a B.S. degree in cell and developmental biology from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1990 and a Ph.D. degree in biology from the California Institute of Technology in 1996 under direction of Barbara Wold.[13][5][14]

As a postdoctoral fellow, Patapoutian worked with Louis F. Reichardt at the University of California, San Francisco.[15] In 2000, he became an assistant professor at the Scripps Research Institute.[16] Between 2000 and 2014, he had an additional research position for the Novartis Research Foundation.[17] Since 2014, Patapoutian has been an investigator for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI).[14]

Personal life

[edit]

Patapoutian, a naturalized US citizen,[5] lives in Del Mar, California with his wife Nancy Hong, a venture capitalist, and son, Luca.[18][19][20][21]

Research

[edit]

Patapoutian's research is into the biological receptors for temperature and touch (nociception).[3] The knowledge is used to develop treatments for a range of diseases, including chronic pain.[22] The discoveries made it possible to understand how heat, cold and mechanical forces trigger nerve impulses.[22]

Patapoutian researches the signal transduction of sensors. Patapoutian and co-workers inactivated genes.[23] In this way, they identified the gene, that made the cells insensitive for touch.[23] The channel for the sense of touch was called PIEZO1 (transl. pressure).[23] Through its similarity to PIEZO1, a second gene was discovered and named PIEZO2.[24] This ion channel, the more important of the two mechanoreceptors, is essential for the sense of touch.[24][25] PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 channels have been shown to regulate additional important physiological processes including blood pressure, respiration and urinary bladder control.[24]

Patapoutian also made significant contributions to the identification of novel ion channels and receptors that are activated by temperature, mechanical forces or increased cell volume.[26][27] Patapoutian and his collaborators were able to show that these ion channels play an outstanding role in the sensation of temperature, in the sensation of touch, in proprioception,[28] in the sensation of pain and in the regulation of vascular tone. More recent work uses functional genomics techniques to identify and characterize mechanosensitive ion channels (mechanotransduction).[16][29][30][31]

Awards and honors

[edit]
Patapoutian on a 2022 stamp of Armenia
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021: Discovery of TRPV1 and PIEZO2

Patapoutian has an h-index of 68 according to Google Scholar,[32] and of 63 according to Scopus[33] (As of May 2020). He has been a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science since 2016, a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2017[34] and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2020.[35]

In 2017, Patapoutian received the W. Alden Spencer Award,[36] in 2019 the Rosenstiel Award,[37] in 2020 the Kavli Prize for Neuroscience,[38] and the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Biology / Biomedicine.[39]

In 2021, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with David Julius for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.[3][40][41]

In October 2021 President of Lebanon Michel Aoun awarded Patapoutian the Lebanese Order of Merit.[42]

In December 2021, Patapoutian received the American Academy of Achievement’s Golden Plate Award presented by Awards Council member Frances Arnold.[43]

In 2022, Patapoutian was named by Carnegie Corporation of New York as an honoree of the Great Immigrants Award.[44]

Recognition in Armenia

[edit]

Patapoutian, the first Armenian Nobel laureate, received a hero's welcome when he visited Armenia in June 2022. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan awarded him the Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots,[45] while the Armenian National Academy of Sciences elected him an honorary member,[46] and the Yerevan State Medical University awarded him an honorary doctorate.[47] Patapoutian gifted a replica of his Nobel medal to the History Museum of Armenia.[48][49] HayPost issued a stamp dedicated to him.[50]

Selected publications

[edit]

PIEZO1 + PIEZO2

[edit]
  • Coste, B.; Mathur, J.; Schmidt, M.; Earley, T. J.; Ranade, S.; Petrus, M. J.; Dubin, A. E.; Patapoutian, A. (September 2, 2010). "Piezo1 and Piezo2 Are Essential Components of Distinct Mechanically Activated Cation Channels". Science. 330 (6000). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 55–60. Bibcode:2010Sci...330...55C. doi:10.1126/science.1193270. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 3062430. PMID 20813920.[23]
  • Coste, Bertrand; Xiao, Bailong; Santos, Jose S.; Syeda, Ruhma; Grandl, Jörg; Spencer, Kathryn S.; Kim, Sung Eun; Schmidt, Manuela; Mathur, Jayanti; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Montal, Mauricio; Patapoutian, Ardem (February 19, 2012). "Piezo proteins are pore-forming subunits of mechanically activated channels". Nature. 483 (7388). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 176–181. Bibcode:2012Natur.483..176C. doi:10.1038/nature10812. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 3297710. PMID 22343900.
  • Kim, Sung Eun; Coste, Bertrand; Chadha, Abhishek; Cook, Boaz; Patapoutian, Ardem (February 19, 2012). "The role of Drosophila Piezo in mechanical nociception". Nature. 483 (7388). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 209–212. Bibcode:2012Natur.483..209K. doi:10.1038/nature10801. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 3297676. PMID 22343891.

PIEZO2

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. January 10, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
  2. ^ a b Ahlander, Johan; Burger, Ludwig (October 4, 2021). "Two Americans win Medicine Nobel for work on heat and touch". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  3. ^ a b c "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  4. ^ "Americans Julius and Patapoutian win 2021 Nobel Prize in Medicine". The Indian Express. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d "Scripps Research neurobiologist Ardem Patapoutian elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences". Scripps Research. April 30, 2020. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  6. ^ Braidy, Nour (October 12, 2021). "Ardem Patapoutian: The journey of a boy from Beirut who won the Nobel Prize". L'Orient-Le Jour. Archived from the original on November 6, 2021.
  7. ^ "Նոբելյան մրցանակ է շնորհվել հայազգի գիտնական Արտեմ Փաթափությանին". sci.am (in Armenian). National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. October 6, 2021. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021.
  8. ^ Patapoutian, Ardem (April 24, 2022). "The Armenian Genocide is still denied and ignored by many but is commemorated by Armenians around the globe on April 24 (107th anniversary this year). Today I am thinking of my ancestors who perished and those who survived and started a new life in Lebanon". Twitter. Archived from the original on May 7, 2022.
  9. ^ "'My family's history is represented here' – Ardem Patapoutian visits Armenian Genocide Memorial". Armenpress. June 16, 2022. Archived from the original on June 25, 2022.
  10. ^ "ARDEM PATAPOUTIAN WINS NOBEL PRIZE IN MEDICINE". Armenianprelacy.org.
  11. ^ a b Taryan, Mari (October 5, 2021). "Արտեմ Փաթափությանի մանկությունը՝ բասկետբոլի եւ պատերազմի արանքում". mediamax.am (in Armenian). Archived from the original on November 8, 2021.
  12. ^ "Nobel Prize for AUB alumnus and former student Ardem Patapoutian". American University of Beirut. October 5, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  13. ^ Patapoutian, Ardem (1996). The Role of the MyoD Family Genes During Mouse Development (Ph.D. thesis). California Institute of Technology. OCLC 35966904. ProQuest 304282071.
  14. ^ a b "Ardem Patapoutian". www.kavliprize.org. March 12, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  15. ^ "Scripps Research neuroscientist Ardem Patapoutian receives 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology". Scripps Research. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  16. ^ a b "Ardem Patapoutian". Scripps Research. Archived from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  17. ^ "Medizin-Nobelpreis für Entschlüsselung des Taststinns". tagesschau.de (in German). October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  18. ^ Robbins, Gary (December 9, 2021). "Del Mar's Ardem Patapoutian receives Nobel Prize during special ceremony in Irvine". Del Mar Times. The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021.
  19. ^ Robbins, Gary (November 7, 2021). "San Diego's Ardem Patapoutian experiences the dizzying, fragile joy of winning the Nobel Prize". The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on December 25, 2021. ...Patapoutian and his wife, venture capitalist Nancy Hong...
  20. ^ "Nobel Prize Laureate Finds Out He Won While in Bed, Check Out Viral Picture Here". The Quint. October 5, 2021. Archived from the original on October 5, 2021.
  21. ^ "New medicine laureate Ardem Patapoutian and his son Luca, watching the #NobelPrize press conference shortly after finding out the happy news". Twitter. The Nobel Prize. October 4, 2021. Archived from the original on December 25, 2021.
  22. ^ a b "Medizin-Nobelpreis – US-Forscher David Julius und Ardem Patapoutian ausgezeichnet". Deutschlandfunk (in German). April 15, 2019. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  23. ^ a b c d "Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian". The New York Times. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  24. ^ a b c "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  25. ^ a b "Medizin-Nobelpreis: Wie Nervenzellen Temperaturen und Berührungen erkennen". Deutsches Ärzteblatt (in German). October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  26. ^ Syeda, Ruhma; Qiu, Zhaozhu; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Murthy, Swetha E.; Florendo, Maria N.; Mason, Daniel E.; Mathur, Jayanti; Cahalan, Stuart M.; Peters, Eric C.; Montal, Mauricio; Patapoutian, Ardem (January 28, 2016). "LRRC8 Proteins Form Volume-Regulated Anion Channels that Sense Ionic Strength". Cell. 164 (3): 499–511. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.031. ISSN 1097-4172. PMC 4733249. PMID 26824658.
  27. ^ Qiu, Zhaozhu; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Mathur, Jayanti; Tu, Buu; Reddy, Kritika; Miraglia, Loren J.; Reinhardt, Jürgen; Orth, Anthony P.; Patapoutian, Ardem (2014). "SWELL1, a Plasma Membrane Protein, Is an Essential Component of Volume-Regulated Anion Channel". Cell. 157 (2). Elsevier BV: 447–458. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.024. ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 4023864. PMID 24725410.
  28. ^ Woo, Seung-Hyun; Lukacs, Viktor; de Nooij, Joriene C; Zaytseva, Dasha; Criddle, Connor R; Francisco, Allain; Jessell, Thomas M; Wilkinson, Katherine A; Patapoutian, Ardem (November 9, 2015). "Piezo2 is the principal mechanotransduction channel for proprioception". Nature Neuroscience. 18 (12). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 1756–1762. doi:10.1038/nn.4162. ISSN 1097-6256. PMC 4661126. PMID 26551544.
  29. ^ "Piezo channels in mechanotransduction: Sensory biology to disease – Ardem Patapoutian". Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute. December 17, 2019. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  30. ^ Syeda, Ruhma; Xu, Jie; Dubin, Adrienne E; Coste, Bertrand; Mathur, Jayanti; Huynh, Truc; Matzen, Jason; Lao, Jianmin; Tully, David C; Engels, Ingo H; Petrassi, H Michael; Schumacher, Andrew M; Montal, Mauricio; Bandell, Michael; Patapoutian, Ardem (May 22, 2015). "Chemical activation of the mechanotransduction channel Piezo1". eLife. 4. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd. doi:10.7554/elife.07369. ISSN 2050-084X. PMC 4456433. PMID 26001275.
  31. ^ Murthy, Swetha E.; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Patapoutian, Ardem (October 4, 2017). "Piezos thrive under pressure: mechanically activated ion channels in health and disease". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 18 (12). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 771–783. doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.92. ISSN 1471-0072. PMID 28974772. S2CID 20977908.
  32. ^ Ardem Patapoutian publications indexed by Google Scholar Edit this at Wikidata
  33. ^ Ardem Patapoutian publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  34. ^ "Ardem Patapoutian". www.nasonline.org. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  35. ^ "Members Elected in 2020". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. December 9, 2020. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  36. ^ "The Thirty-Ninth Annual W. Alden Spencer Award and Lecture". Kavli Institute for Brain Science. June 4, 2020. Archived from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  37. ^ "Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Research". www.brandeis.edu. Archived from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  38. ^ "2020 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience". www.kavliprize.org. March 12, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  39. ^ "Fundación BBVA". FBBVA. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  40. ^ "Armenian President congratulates Ardem Patapoutian on winning the Nobel Prize in Medicine". Public Radio of Armenia. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  41. ^ "Armenian President congratulates Ardem Patapoutian on winning the Nobel Prize in Medicine". Public Radio of Armenia. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  42. ^ "Nobel prize winner Ardem Patapoutian awarded Lebanese Order of Merit". The National. October 6, 2021. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021.
  43. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  44. ^ "Ardem Patapoutian". Carnegie Corporation of New York. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
  45. ^ "PM Pashinyan hosts Nobel Laureate Ardem Patapoutian, awards him with the Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots". The Office to the Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia. June 16, 2022. Archived from the original on June 22, 2022.
  46. ^ "Նոբելյան մրցանակի դափնեկիր Արտեմ Փաթափությանն ընտրվել է ՀՀ ԳԱԱ պատվավոր անդամ [Nobel Laureate Artem Pataputyan was elected an honorary member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia]". sci.am (in Armenian). National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. June 14, 2022. Archived from the original on June 20, 2022.
  47. ^ "First Armenian Nobel Prize winner Ardem Patapoutian is YSMU Honorary Doctor". Yerevan State Medical University. June 14, 2022. Archived from the original on June 22, 2022.
  48. ^ Patapoutian, Ardem (June 15, 2022). "The 2nd (out of 3) replica medals has found a home at the History Museum of Armenia in Yerevan!". Twitter. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022.
  49. ^ Ghazanchyan, Siranush (June 16, 2022). "Replica of Ardem Patapoutian's Nobel medal to be on display at History Museum of Armenia". Public Radio of Armenia. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022.
  50. ^ "World famous Armenians. Ardem Patapoutian". stamps.am. HayPost. June 14, 2022. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022.
[edit]
Scholia has an author profile for Ardem Patapoutian.
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