Societat Civil Catalana: Difference between revisions

Societat Civil Catalana
	Former President of Spain and People's Party, Mariano Rajoy, receiving managers of SCC. From left to right: Óscar Uceda, Álex Ramos, Miriam Tey, José Rosiñol and Mariano Rajoy.
Formation	7 April 2014; 10 years ago
Type	NGO
Purpose	Spanish unionism
Location	Paseo de Gracia N. 26, 4-2 08007, Barcelona;
Official languages	Catalan, Spanish
President	Elda Mata Miró-Sans
Website	Official website

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Societat Civil Catalana (SCC, "Catalan Civil Society") is a Spanish unionist organization based in Barcelona.^[1] Launched in 2014,^[2] SCC seek to counter the Catalan independence movement.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Structure

Elda Mata Miró-Sans is the current president, since April 3, 2022.^[7]^[8] Former presidents have been Rafael Arenas, Mariano Gomà, and Josep Ramon Bosch.^[9]^[10]^[11] SCC board members have different ideological backgrounds and are or have been associated to pro-union parties such as People's Party of Catalonia, Citizens and Socialists' Party of Catalonia.^[12] SCC has delegations in Barcelonès, Baix Llobregat and Tarragona.^[13]

Creation

SCC was legally constituted on April 7, 2014. SCC stated that its goal is to be a transverse platform against separatism.^[14] On April 23 of the same year SCC had its official presentation to the public at the Victoria Theater in Barcelona.^[2]^[15] Susana Beltrán, who became a deputy of Citizens in Catalonia's Parliament,^[16]^[17] was the host of the event and Bosch, Domingo and Coll delivered the keynote speeches.^[2] José Rosiñol was the moderator and also member of the provisional executive office. Other members from the provisional executive office who also attended the event were Isabel Porcel, Ana María Lindin and Ferran Brunet.^[18] The event was attended by members of mainstream political parties with representation in the Spanish parliament such as PP, Citizens, PSC and UPyD^[2] Some founding members were members of the Somatemps, including its first president Josep Ramon Bosch, Javier Barraycoa, Josep Alsina and Xavier Codorniu.^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22] SCC also received support from Jorge Moragas and Miram Tey.^[23] Several leading supporters of the group has far right connections or sympathies.

Awards

In November 2014, eight months after its creation, SCC received from the European Parliament the European Citizen's Prize.^[24] The prize is awarded to "projects and initiatives that facilitate cross-border cooperation or promote mutual understanding within the EU."^[25] SCC was nominated by the Catalan People's Party MEP Santiago Fisas.^[26]^[27]
In January 2018 SCC received from socialist Ximo Puig, president of the government of Valencia (Generalitat Valenciana), the Manuel Broseta Foundation Award to Co-existence without the presence nor acceptance of Compromís and Podemos.^[28]^[29]^[30]

Activism

On 11 September 2014 (National Day of Catalonia) it organized its first big concentration event in Tarragona.^[31]
On 12 October 2014 (Día de la Hispanidad), gathering 40,000 demonstrators in Barcelona against independence, according to the local police spokesman.^[32]^[33]
On 8 October 2017, it mobilized hundreds of thousands of people (350,000 according to local police chief of press, more than 1 million according to the organization itself) in a demonstration at Barcelona.^[34] Former EU Parliament president and current Foreign Affairs Minister, socialist Josep Borrell, and Nobel Award Laureate Mario Vargas Llosa, delivered closing speeches at the demonstration.^[35]
On 12 October 2017, a total of 65,000 people attended to a demonstration call made by SCC.^[36]
On 29 October 2017, 300,000 people according to local police (one million according to SCC) marched against the unilateral declaration of independence by the Catalan Regional Government.^[37] Manifesto speakers were Josep Borrell^[38] and Francisco Frutos, former leader of the Spanish Communist Party which condemned his participation in the demonstration and stated that he did not represent them in any way.^[39]^[40]^[41]
On 5 December 2017, SCC denounces in Brussels an alleged indoctrination in schools of Catalonia in Catalan nationalism.^[42]
On 18 March 2018, 7,000 people were present in another demonstration.^[43] In this demonstration, former French Prime Minister Manuel Valls delivered the closing speech.^[44]

SCC demonstration calls have received cross-party support from Catalonia's Popular Party, PSC and Citizens^[45]^[46]^[47] and it is regarded by some as the leading anti-independence platforms in Catalonia along with the movement for Tabarnia.^[48]

SCC gave public support to a demonstration of the platform Tabarnia along with Vox and PxC.^[49]^[48]^[50]^[51]^[52]

In the first months of 2018 SCC started a round of meetings with Spanish politicians and political parties to discuss how to manage the Catalan independence movement in the context of the Spanish constitutional crisis. SCC established conversations with political party Cs (Citizens) and with the president of the government of Spain, Mariano Rajoy (president of People's Party).^[53]^[54] The organization also met with Susana Díaz, president of Andalusia and PSOE-A,^[55]^[56] and with Alberto Núñez Feijóo, president of Galicia and galician People's Party. Political parties En Marea and BNG were left out.^[57] In April, representatives of SCC met the leader of the Spanish socialist party PSOE Pedro Sanchez.^[58]

First proposed by Miriam Tey, Catalan Civil Society and Josep Ramon Bosch have formed a working group in order to negotiate with Manuel Valls his presentation to 2019 Spain's local elections as a Citizen's candidate.^[59]^[60]

Catalan Civil Society went to the European Parliament to claim that in Catalonia there is linguistic discrimination and that children rights are being violated. They also claimed the existence negative effects in children academic performance due to using Catalan as tuition language in the Catalan education system. This is contradicted by ^[61]^[62] Republican Left of Catalonia former MEP Josep Maria Terricabras, who recalled that PISA report does not show any difference,^[63] as is the case of the last PISA report, Spanish regional tests and university admission tests.^[64] SCC are not the only ones making these claims. Some related media and other similar entities have self published documents claiming alleged negative effects of the current Catalan school system for Spanish-speakers,^[65] based on flawed according to some authors ^[66] secondary reports^[67] analysing PISA and PIRLS tests.^[67]^[68]^[69]^[70] Professors of the University of Barcelona Jorge Calero (former President of the Higher Council for Evaluation of the Educational System of Catalonia) and Alvaro Choi published a complete report^[71]^[72] on the issue based on a detailed analysis of the data from the 2015 PISA reports, which reaches the conclusion that Spanish speakers obtain worse results than Catalan speakers all other variables been equal. As already stated, that report was found to have flaws according to some authors, concretely in its assumptions over the population of the statistical analysis, which are considered unverifiable.^[66] The same problems were found in another report from Calero about PIRLS.^[73]

Criticism

Regarding the alleged instrumentation of public education, this has been a common topic among spanishist entities.^[74]^[75]^[76]^[77]^[65]^[34]^[78]^[79] However, there's data pointing out that the most decisive factor in changing children's political views is their social networking revolving around their own parents, children and neighbours.^[80]^[74]^[81] There's also data suggesting that schools can't be the source of the increase of Catalan independentism either.^[74]^[75]^[76]^[82] There has also been a correction from a local section of the political party Citizens regarding a sound case of alleged indoctrination occurred in Sant Andreu de la Barca^[83]^[84] stated in a report of SCC.^[85] Moreover, Catalan public education syllabus depends on the central government of Spain too, whose history syllabus has been modified to accommodate the political views of the elected central government.^[77]

And yet, numerous and abundant publications echo the existence of data that attest to the indoctrination and instrumentalization of Catalan schools in favor of the Catalan nationalist and pro-independence ideology.^[86]^[87]^[88]^[89]^[90]^[91]

Javier Barraycoa, former member of SCC and founder of Somatemps,^[92]^[93] has claimed that SCC received funding from the central government of Spain to support the pro-union demonstrations of the 8th and 12 October 2017.^[94]^[95] RENFE subsidized 50% of the cost of 245 train tickets for the Diada public act of SCC on September 11, 2014, in Tarragona.^[31] Josep Alsina has claimed that SCC receives grants from the Joan Boscà Foundation to which Catalan businesses has provided funding.^[96]

The Spanish online newspaper Público claims the balance sheet presented by SCC “lacks transparency” given that whilst SCC has only 75 members and 4,000 collaborators SCC, it managed to collect one million euros in funding in 2014.^[31] The members only account for 1.5% of money contributions. Another 1.5% comes from gathering posts and urns. The rest, 97%, comes from private donations. However, audits have found no indication of wrongdoing. Félix Revuelta, founder and principal stakeholder of Naturhouse, stated that he and many other businessmen provided financial support to SCC.

Journalist in pro-independence media claim that a fringe pro-union organisation Somatemps, to some SCC members have links, is a ‘far-right’ organisation as it opposes Catalan secession.^[21]^[22]^[20]^[97] They claim that Josep Ramon Bosch,^[22]^[98]^[96]^[99] Xavier Codorniu,^[21]^[100] José Domingo,^[101] Ferran Brunet^[15]^[102] and Joaquim Coll^[103]^[104] have attended or taken part in events from organisations they label as far-right: Somatemps, PxC, Vox, National Francisco Franco Foundation, National Democracy and Republican Social Movement.^[99]^[101]^[102] They indicate neo-nazi groups have attended mass demonstrations organized by the SCC, even though SCC condemns violence and has clarified it cannot control who attends in their demonstrations.^[105]

In 2015 Catalan separatist parties ERC and CiU, together with the Catalan Green party ICV, sent a joint letter to Socialist MEP Sylvie Gillaume, then vice-president of the European Parliament, protesting the awarding of European Citizen's Price to Societat Civil Catalana. In the letter, they claimed that the SCC has links with Catalan far-right groups and promotes xenophobe and extremist ideas. However, SCC received the award in February 2015, triggering another protest letter. Socialist MEP Gillaume dismissed this second letter, arguing that the award had already obtained approval at the Spanish and EU levels with the support from representatives from PP, PSOE, and UPyD. In her award ceremony speech, Ms. Guillaume stressed that the award was given in particular to the fight against fascism and in favor of freedom of expression, tolerance and intercultural dialogue.^[106] Members of the European Parliament from PSOE and PP Ramón Jaúregui and Santiago Fisas were decisive in the argument to dismiss the accusations.^[107] Catalan Parliament, under the control of separatist groups, accepted a proposal from ICV to file a complaint to the European Parliament. PP, PSC and Citizens voted against the proposal, while ICV-EUiA, ERC, CUP and CiU supported the proposal.^[16]^[107]^[108]

In January 2019, a court of law in Barcelona ruled that several pro-independence associations and politicians had to pay a €15,000 fine for a manifesto published in 2015 which falsely accused SCC of having ties to Nazism and the extreme-right groups.^[109]^[110] The court also ruled that the defendants should stop making similar defamatory accusations in the future.^[109]

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^ ^a ^b Suarez, Gonzalo (16 October 2017). "Los españolistas catalanes salen del armario: "Ya hemos pagado la hipoteca franquista"" [The Catalan Spanishists supporters come out of the closet: "We have already paid the Francoist mortage"] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2017-10-16. Retrieved 2023-03-29. Y ahora, ¿qué? Es el dilema que afrontan los españolistas. Unos, como SCC, optan por mantener la movilización callejera. Otros, como C's, creen que ha sido un movimiento imprescindible, pero puntual. «Las mayorías se demuestran en las urnas», afirma De Páramo. «No podemos manejar la democracia contando manifestantes, sino votos».
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^ ^a ^b Ruiz, Mariano (February 24, 2021). "Efectos de la inmersión lingüística sobre el alumnado castellanoparlante en Cataluña". Profesorado. 24 (1): 334–336 – via Revistas de la Universidad de Granada.
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^ Calero, Jorge (1 January 2022). "The effect of language immersion on cognitive competencies". Education Research and Evaluation. 27, 2022 (5–8). Retrieved 1 January 2022.
^ Ruiz, Mariano (January 2022). "Reseña de "La Calidad del Profesorado en la Adquisición de Competencias de los Alumnos. Un Análisis Basado en PIRLS-2011". Statistical Reports (39): 1–3 – via Research Gate.
^ ^a ^b ^c Wong, Alia (2017-11-03). "Is Catalonia Using Schools as a Political Weapon?". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 2018-09-13. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
^ ^a ^b Soler, Sergi (2019), "Los relatos del procés: discurso y propaganda en la política catalana (2012-2017)" [The stories of the process: discourse and propaganda in Catalan politics (2012-2017)], UAB, pp. 55–56, retrieved 2023-03-29, Uno de los argumentos más repetidos por Ciudadanos durante la campaña fue el del adoctrinamiento y la inmersión lingüística en las escuelas catalanas como causante de la situación que se daba en Cataluña [...] Así mismo, SCC, agrupación cercana al partido, lanzaba en junio de 2015 una campaña en contra del adoctrinamiento en las escuelas donde se anima a la ciudadanía a denunciar practicas que se pudiesen considerar de adoctrinamiento, como por ejemplo carteles políticos o prohibiciones de usar alguna de las lenguas oficiales. Algunos periódicos de ámbito nacional como La Razón se hicieron eco de esta campaña.⁴⁶Este argumento sobre el adoctrinamiento como culpable del crecimiento independentista que también defendió el ministro Wert en 2012⁴⁷, no obstante, es rebatido con datos por algunos estudiosos como Fernando Molina y Alejandro Quiroga, quienes critican la poca solidez de las acusaciones poniendo de manifiesto el rápido crecimiento del movimiento nacionalista catalán y argumentan que «esta lectura obvia que esas mismas políticas nacionalizadoras estuvieron operando durante tres décadas en las que el respaldo a la independencia estuvo siempre por debajo del 20%. Cuando el secesionismo creció de forma vertiginosa, a partir de 2010, lo hizo en todos los grupos de edad y en todo el espectro ideológico.» (Molina y Quiroga, 2017: 61). Según estos datos aportados por Molina y Quiroga, el adoctrinamiento no tendría influencia en la creación de independentistas en el procés, por lo que este argumento entraría dentro de una de las técnicas de manipulación de masas que describía Timsit referida a la creación de problemas inexistentes para después ofrecer soluciones para éstos.
^ ^a ^b Forti, Steven; González, Arnau; Ucelay, Enric, "El proceso separatista en Cataluña. Análisis de un pasado reciente (2006-2017)" [The separatist process in Catalonia. Analysis of a recent past (2006-2017)], Editorial Comares, ISBN 978-84-9045-560-9
^ ^a ^b Muro, Diego; Quiroga, Alejandro (March 1, 2005). "Spanish nationalism: Ethnic or civic?". Ethnicities. 5 (1): 23–24. doi:10.1177/1468796805049922.
^ Montalar, M A C (9 October 2017). "Barcelona: Razia españolista en tiempos de propaganda" [Barcelona: Spanishist raid in times of propaganda]. arainfo.org (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29. La SCC es algo así como el alterego españolista de la Assemblea Nacional Catalana (ANC), aunque las dos niegan esta relación tienen algo en común, ambas son asociaciones civiles que trabaja por un objetivo político concreto. En el caso de SCC por defender la españolidad de Catalunya.
^ Carrasco, Rafael; Villar, Ernesto; Tejedor, Laura. "Twitter como herramienta de comunicación política en el contexto del referéndum independentista catalán: asociaciones ciudadanas frente a instituciones públicas" [Twitter as a political communication tool in the context of Catalan independence referendum: civic associations vs. public institutions]. IconO 14. 16 (1): 76 – via Redalyc. Las cuentas de los grupos que apoyan el referéndum son más de cuatro veces más eficientes que las cuentas del grupo en contra de la consulta. El resultado tiene un aparente sesgo cuantitativo, en el sentido de que la causa independentista cuenta con dos altavoces (Òmnium y ANC) frente a solo una voz activa entre los españolistas (Societat Civil Catalana), pero esta circunstancia no afecta al análisis cualitativo, ya que el hecho de haya dos asociaciones en lugar de una no indica que la masa social sea necesariamente el doble ni que su eficacia deba duplicarse, si tenemos en cuenta que lo que se analiza no es el volumen total de tuits enviados, sino la viralización y eficiencia que éstos logras atendiendo a la fórmula matemática empleada.
^ Wilson Daily, Ann; Kemmelmeier, Markus (April 12, 2019). "Youth Perceptions of Voting Participation in the Midst of Catalonia's Active Struggle for Independence". Youth & Society. 53 (2): 21. doi:10.1177/0044118X19840965 – via SAGE. Notably, the public debate concerning Catalan independence seemed to create distinct atmospheres at different schools. Average school levels of Catalan identification predicted perceived importance of voting in a referendum; that is, students in a school with many Catalan identifying students were more likely to consider voting in a referendum as important—regardless of their level of Catalan identification. While again evidencing the extraordinary nature of the independence debate, this observation is compatible with Hierro's (2015) finding that Catalan schools help craft student identification with Catalonia, but not with Spain.
^ Hierro, María José (2015-06-22). "Crafting identities in a multinational context: evidence from Catalonia". Nations and Nationalism. 21 (3): 461–482. doi:10.1111/nana.12124. The results, which draw on the analysis of a household survey, suggest that more years of schooling makes more likely that individuals develop a dual identity; however, parents' attachment to Catalonia is key in fostering an exclusive identification with Catalonia. Results also suggest that residence in neighbourhoods in which the proportion of natives and immigrants from other regions of Spain favours contact between children from different identity backgrounds is decisive in promoting a more Catalan-oriented identification between second generations.
^ Orriols, Lluís (18 October 2017). "¿Es la escuela catalana una fábrica de independentistas?" [Is the Catalan school a factory of independentistas?]. eldario.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2017-11-04. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
^ Talegón, Beatriz (2021-12-12). "El portavoz de CS en Sant Andreu de la Barca afirma que no ha habido adoctrinamiento en el instituto Palau y que "todo fue un malentendido"" [The CS spokesman in Sant Andreu de la Barca affirms that there has been no indoctrination in the Palau institute and that "it was all a misunderstanding"]. diario16.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29.
^ Albertus, Joel Carrasco (2021-12-12). "Ciudadanos rectifica: los maestros de Sant Andreu de la Barca no adoctrinaron" [Citizens correction: the teachers of Sant Andreu de la Barca did not indoctrinate]. elnacional.cat (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29.
^ Fernández, Antonio (27 September 2018). "El informe que denuncia cómo se adoctrina en el nacionalismo a los niños catalanes" [The report that denounces how Catalan children are indoctrinated into nationalism]. elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29.
^ Vann, Robert E. (15 May 2015). "Language Exposure in Catalonia: An example of indoctrinating linguistic ideology". Word. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
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^ Manning, Joshua. "Teachers' union in Catalonia denounces pro-independence indoctrination in school textbooks". Euroweekly News. Euroweekly News. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
^ Williams, Andréane. "Quand l'espoir d'un pays naît à l'école". La Presse +. La Presse +. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
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^ "Somatemps asegura que el gobierno español financió manifestaciones unionistas". ElNacional.cat. Archived from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-03-29.
^ ^a ^b "Sobre Tabarnia y Sociedad Civil Catalana — La Tribuna de Cartagena". La Tribuna de Cartagena (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-04-09. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
^ "Felicitaciones a Sociedad Civil Catalana por su nuevo Presidente: José Rosiñol" (in European Spanish). 2017-11-07. Archived from the original on 2018-04-08. Retrieved 2018-04-08.
^ Món, El. "SCC convoca una manifestació en defensa de la bandera espanyola a Sabadell". El Món. Archived from the original on 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
^ ^a ^b NacióDigital. "Societat Civil reconeix que Bosch va assistir a un acte de la Fundació Franco" (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
^ "Un fundador de SCC va cridar lemes franquistes davant de la seu d'ERC durant una concentració ultra". El Temps (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
^ ^a ^b "Jordi Borràs posa en evidència José Domingo, secretari de SCC". VilaWeb.cat (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2018-03-29.
^ ^a ^b Cazorla, Bertran (2014-11-08). "Exposen una revista negacionista en un centre cívic de Barcelona durant un acte de Somatemps". Directa (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
^ del Pueblo, Las Voces (2014-07-26). "Orella considera de "suicida" no responder con medidas contundentes y definitivas a la amenaza separatista en Cataluña". Las Voces del Pueblo. Archived from the original on 2018-04-25.
^ del Pueblo, Las Voces (2014-07-26). "Somatemps (Historiadores Debaten Sobre "El Futuro de Cataluña")". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2017-09-27.
^ "La extrema derecha aprovecha el conflicto catalán para reactivarse". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-11-16. Retrieved 2018-09-10. ¿Quiénes han sido los agresores? En algunos casos la Policía los ha identificado con entidades de la extrema derecha, que han participado activamente en las marchas constitucionalistas organizadas por Sociedad Civil Catalana (SCC). Pero no todos responden al perfil clásico de neonazi. Desde esta asociación se desmarcan y condenan estos sucesos. Reconocen, además, que no pueden controlarlos.
^ European Parliament. "European Citizen's prize 2014". europarl.europa.eu. European Parliament. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Jáuregui y Fisas han sido claves para que Sociedad Civil Catalana recibiera el premio Ciudadano Europeo". El Confidencial Digital (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-04-01. Retrieved 2018-04-01.
^ "ICV propone elevar una queja a la Eurocámara por premiar a Societat Civil". Elmundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-04-01. Retrieved 2018-04-01.
^ ^a ^b Periódico, El (2019-01-10). "Condenan a varias entidades por vulnerar el derecho al honor de Societat Civil Catalana". elperiodico (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2019-02-02. Retrieved 2019-02-01.
^ "Obligan a indemnizar a Societat Civil Catalana por vincularla a la extrema derecha". abc (in Spanish). 2019-01-09. Archived from the original on 2019-02-02. Retrieved 2019-02-01.

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[73] Ruiz, Mariano (January 2022). "Reseña de "La Calidad del Profesorado en la Adquisición de Competencias de los Alumnos. Un Análisis Basado en PIRLS-2011". Statistical Reports (39): 1–3 – via Research Gate.

[Wong2-74] Wong, Alia (2017-11-03). "Is Catalonia Using Schools as a Political Weapon?". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 2018-09-13. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

[soler-75] Soler, Sergi (2019), "Los relatos del procés: discurso y propaganda en la política catalana (2012-2017)" [The stories of the process: discourse and propaganda in Catalan politics (2012-2017)], UAB, pp. 55–56, retrieved 2023-03-29, Uno de los argumentos más repetidos por Ciudadanos durante la campaña fue el del adoctrinamiento y la inmersión lingüística en las escuelas catalanas como causante de la situación que se daba en Cataluña [...] Así mismo, SCC, agrupación cercana al partido, lanzaba en junio de 2015 una campaña en contra del adoctrinamiento en las escuelas donde se anima a la ciudadanía a denunciar practicas que se pudiesen considerar de adoctrinamiento, como por ejemplo carteles políticos o prohibiciones de usar alguna de las lenguas oficiales. Algunos periódicos de ámbito nacional como La Razón se hicieron eco de esta campaña.⁴⁶Este argumento sobre el adoctrinamiento como culpable del crecimiento independentista que también defendió el ministro Wert en 2012⁴⁷, no obstante, es rebatido con datos por algunos estudiosos como Fernando Molina y Alejandro Quiroga, quienes critican la poca solidez de las acusaciones poniendo de manifiesto el rápido crecimiento del movimiento nacionalista catalán y argumentan que «esta lectura obvia que esas mismas políticas nacionalizadoras estuvieron operando durante tres décadas en las que el respaldo a la independencia estuvo siempre por debajo del 20%. Cuando el secesionismo creció de forma vertiginosa, a partir de 2010, lo hizo en todos los grupos de edad y en todo el espectro ideológico.» (Molina y Quiroga, 2017: 61). Según estos datos aportados por Molina y Quiroga, el adoctrinamiento no tendría influencia en la creación de independentistas en el procés, por lo que este argumento entraría dentro de una de las técnicas de manipulación de masas que describía Timsit referida a la creación de problemas inexistentes para después ofrecer soluciones para éstos.

[forti2017-76] Forti, Steven; González, Arnau; Ucelay, Enric, "El proceso separatista en Cataluña. Análisis de un pasado reciente (2006-2017)" [The separatist process in Catalonia. Analysis of a recent past (2006-2017)], Editorial Comares, ISBN 978-84-9045-560-9

[muroquiroga2005-77] Muro, Diego; Quiroga, Alejandro (March 1, 2005). "Spanish nationalism: Ethnic or civic?". Ethnicities. 5 (1): 23–24. doi:10.1177/1468796805049922.

[Montalar2-78] Montalar, M A C (9 October 2017). "Barcelona: Razia españolista en tiempos de propaganda" [Barcelona: Spanishist raid in times of propaganda]. arainfo.org (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29. La SCC es algo así como el alterego españolista de la Assemblea Nacional Catalana (ANC), aunque las dos niegan esta relación tienen algo en común, ambas son asociaciones civiles que trabaja por un objetivo político concreto. En el caso de SCC por defender la españolidad de Catalunya.

[79] Carrasco, Rafael; Villar, Ernesto; Tejedor, Laura. "Twitter como herramienta de comunicación política en el contexto del referéndum independentista catalán: asociaciones ciudadanas frente a instituciones públicas" [Twitter as a political communication tool in the context of Catalan independence referendum: civic associations vs. public institutions]. IconO 14. 16 (1): 76 – via Redalyc. Las cuentas de los grupos que apoyan el referéndum son más de cuatro veces más eficientes que las cuentas del grupo en contra de la consulta. El resultado tiene un aparente sesgo cuantitativo, en el sentido de que la causa independentista cuenta con dos altavoces (Òmnium y ANC) frente a solo una voz activa entre los españolistas (Societat Civil Catalana), pero esta circunstancia no afecta al análisis cualitativo, ya que el hecho de haya dos asociaciones en lugar de una no indica que la masa social sea necesariamente el doble ni que su eficacia deba duplicarse, si tenemos en cuenta que lo que se analiza no es el volumen total de tuits enviados, sino la viralización y eficiencia que éstos logras atendiendo a la fórmula matemática empleada.

[80] Wilson Daily, Ann; Kemmelmeier, Markus (April 12, 2019). "Youth Perceptions of Voting Participation in the Midst of Catalonia's Active Struggle for Independence". Youth & Society. 53 (2): 21. doi:10.1177/0044118X19840965 – via SAGE. Notably, the public debate concerning Catalan independence seemed to create distinct atmospheres at different schools. Average school levels of Catalan identification predicted perceived importance of voting in a referendum; that is, students in a school with many Catalan identifying students were more likely to consider voting in a referendum as important—regardless of their level of Catalan identification. While again evidencing the extraordinary nature of the independence debate, this observation is compatible with Hierro's (2015) finding that Catalan schools help craft student identification with Catalonia, but not with Spain.

[hierro-81] Hierro, María José (2015-06-22). "Crafting identities in a multinational context: evidence from Catalonia". Nations and Nationalism. 21 (3): 461–482. doi:10.1111/nana.12124. The results, which draw on the analysis of a household survey, suggest that more years of schooling makes more likely that individuals develop a dual identity; however, parents' attachment to Catalonia is key in fostering an exclusive identification with Catalonia. Results also suggest that residence in neighbourhoods in which the proportion of natives and immigrants from other regions of Spain favours contact between children from different identity backgrounds is decisive in promoting a more Catalan-oriented identification between second generations.

[Orriols2-82] Orriols, Lluís (18 October 2017). "¿Es la escuela catalana una fábrica de independentistas?" [Is the Catalan school a factory of independentistas?]. eldario.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2017-11-04. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

[Talegon2-83] Talegón, Beatriz (2021-12-12). "El portavoz de CS en Sant Andreu de la Barca afirma que no ha habido adoctrinamiento en el instituto Palau y que "todo fue un malentendido"" [The CS spokesman in Sant Andreu de la Barca affirms that there has been no indoctrination in the Palau institute and that "it was all a misunderstanding"]. diario16.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29.

[Albertus2-84] Albertus, Joel Carrasco (2021-12-12). "Ciudadanos rectifica: los maestros de Sant Andreu de la Barca no adoctrinaron" [Citizens correction: the teachers of Sant Andreu de la Barca did not indoctrinate]. elnacional.cat (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29.

[Fernandez2-85] Fernández, Antonio (27 September 2018). "El informe que denuncia cómo se adoctrina en el nacionalismo a los niños catalanes" [The report that denounces how Catalan children are indoctrinated into nationalism]. elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-29.

[linguistic_ideology-86] Vann, Robert E. (15 May 2015). "Language Exposure in Catalonia: An example of indoctrinating linguistic ideology". Word. Retrieved 15 May 2015.

[Catalan_schools-87] The Local. "Catalan schools accused of indoctrinating children with pro-independence ideas". The Local. The Local Es. Retrieved 4 May 2018.

[linguistic_immersion_in_Catalonia-88] Open Kat. "Further links of indoctrination and linguistic inmmersion in Catalonia". Open Kat. Open Kat. Retrieved 25 December 2021.

[school_textbooks-89] Manning, Joshua. "Teachers' union in Catalonia denounces pro-independence indoctrination in school textbooks". Euroweekly News. Euroweekly News. Retrieved 21 June 2022.

[école_et_indépendantisme-90] Williams, Andréane. "Quand l'espoir d'un pays naît à l'école". La Presse +. La Presse +. Retrieved 24 December 2018.

[Ministerio_de_Educación-91] Alvarez, Pilar. "Educación amplía las advertencias a los colegios por 'adoctrinamiento'". El País. El País. Retrieved 11 October 2017.

[92] Món, El. "SCC nega que Javier Barraycoa sigui soci fundador de l'entitat". El Món. Archived from the original on 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2018-03-29.

[93] Barraycoa, Javier (2014-04-22). "Emerge la Cataluña silenciada". Elmundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-04-02. Retrieved 2018-04-01.

[:12-94] Món, El. "Un dirigent de Somatemps denuncia finançament de Madrid per a manifestacions de SCC". El Món. Archived from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-03-29.

[:13-95] "Somatemps asegura que el gobierno español financió manifestaciones unionistas". ElNacional.cat. Archived from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-03-29.

[:18-96] "Sobre Tabarnia y Sociedad Civil Catalana — La Tribuna de Cartagena". La Tribuna de Cartagena (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-04-09. Retrieved 2018-04-09.

[:8-97] "Felicitaciones a Sociedad Civil Catalana por su nuevo Presidente: José Rosiñol" (in European Spanish). 2017-11-07. Archived from the original on 2018-04-08. Retrieved 2018-04-08.

[98] Món, El. "SCC convoca una manifestació en defensa de la bandera espanyola a Sabadell". El Món. Archived from the original on 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2018-05-10.

[:10-99] NacióDigital. "Societat Civil reconeix que Bosch va assistir a un acte de la Fundació Franco" (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2018-03-31.

[100] "Un fundador de SCC va cridar lemes franquistes davant de la seu d'ERC durant una concentració ultra". El Temps (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-05-10.

[:9-101] "Jordi Borràs posa en evidència José Domingo, secretari de SCC". VilaWeb.cat (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2018-03-29.

[:11-102] Cazorla, Bertran (2014-11-08). "Exposen una revista negacionista en un centre cívic de Barcelona durant un acte de Somatemps". Directa (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2018-03-31.

[103] Pueblo, Las Voces (2014-07-26). "Orella considera de "suicida" no responder con medidas contundentes y definitivas a la amenaza separatista en Cataluña". Las Voces del Pueblo. Archived from the original on 2018-04-25.

[104] Pueblo, Las Voces (2014-07-26). "Somatemps (Historiadores Debaten Sobre "El Futuro de Cataluña")". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2017-09-27.

[105] "La extrema derecha aprovecha el conflicto catalán para reactivarse". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-11-16. Retrieved 2018-09-10. ¿Quiénes han sido los agresores? En algunos casos la Policía los ha identificado con entidades de la extrema derecha, que han participado activamente en las marchas constitucionalistas organizadas por Sociedad Civil Catalana (SCC). Pero no todos responden al perfil clásico de neonazi. Desde esta asociación se desmarcan y condenan estos sucesos. Reconocen, además, que no pueden controlarlos.

[European_Citizen's_prize-106] European Parliament. "European Citizen's prize 2014". europarl.europa.eu. European Parliament. Retrieved 1 January 2015.

[:0-107] "Jáuregui y Fisas han sido claves para que Sociedad Civil Catalana recibiera el premio Ciudadano Europeo". El Confidencial Digital (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-04-01. Retrieved 2018-04-01.

[108] "ICV propone elevar una queja a la Eurocámara por premiar a Societat Civil". Elmundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-04-01. Retrieved 2018-04-01.

[:6-109] Periódico, El (2019-01-10). "Condenan a varias entidades por vulnerar el derecho al honor de Societat Civil Catalana". elperiodico (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2019-02-02. Retrieved 2019-02-01.

[abc.es-110] "Obligan a indemnizar a Societat Civil Catalana por vincularla a la extrema derecha". abc (in Spanish). 2019-01-09. Archived from the original on 2019-02-02. Retrieved 2019-02-01.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Spanish unionist organisation}}
 {{POV|date=April 2019}}
 {{Infobox organization
@@ Line 6: / Line 7: @@
 | formation = {{start date and age|2014|04|07|df=y}}
 | type = [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]]
-| area_served = [[Catalonia]]
+| purpose = [[Spanish unionism]]
 | location = Paseo de Gracia N. 26, 4-2 08007, Barcelona
-| motto = ''Juntos y mejor'' ("Better, together")
 | homepage = {{Official website}}
 | leader_name = Elda Mata Miró-Sans
 | leader_title = President
-| slogan = ''Tots som Catalunya'' ("We are all Catalonia")
 | languages = [[Catalan language|Catalan]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
 }}
-'''Societat Civil Catalana''' ("Catalan Civil Society", SCC by its Catalan acronym) is a Barcelona-based grass-roots organisation that was created in 2014 with the aim of promoting Catalonia’s union to Spain.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Planas|first=Pablo|date=2014-04-05|title=Societat Civil Catalana, la anti-ANC del "unionismo"|language=es-ES|work=Libertad Digital|url=https://www.libertaddigital.com/espana/2014-04-05/societat-civil-catalana-la-anti-anc-del-unionismo-1276515094/|access-date=2018-05-13|archive-date=2018-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514141413/https://www.libertaddigital.com/espana/2014-04-05/societat-civil-catalana-la-anti-anc-del-unionismo-1276515094/|url-status=live}}</ref> Most of SCC activities seek to counter the [[Catalan independence movement]].<ref name=":111">{{Cite news|title=Premi a l’anticatalanisme|language=ca|work=El Temps|url=https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3055/premi-a-lanticatalanisme|access-date=2018-05-13|archive-date=2018-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504011826/https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3055/premi-a-lanticatalanisme|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Bou|first=Carles Planas|date=2018-04-22|title=El 'procés' se internacionaliza en Alemania|language=ES|work=elperiodico|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20180422/el-proces-se-internacionaliza-en-alemania-6771217|access-date=2018-05-22|archive-date=2018-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522112251/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20180422/el-proces-se-internacionaliza-en-alemania-6771217|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":72">{{Cite web|last=Barcelona|first=AFP in|date=2014-10-12|title=Thousands rally in Barcelona against Catalonian independence|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|access-date=2018-02-02|website=the Guardian|language=en|archive-date=2018-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203123712/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":212">{{Cite news|title=Miles de personas participan en la manifestación del 12O en plaza Catalunya en Barcelona|work=La Vanguardia|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|access-date=2018-03-19|archive-date=2018-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320060903/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC was officially launched on 23 April 2014.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|title=Sociedad Civil Catalana llena en su presentación en Barcelona|language=es|work=Cronica global|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/lleno-absoluto-de-sociedad-civil-catalana-en-su-presentacion-en-barcelona_7018_102.html|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330213037/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/lleno-absoluto-de-sociedad-civil-catalana-en-su-presentacion-en-barcelona_7018_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+'''Societat Civil Catalana''' (SCC, "Catalan Civil Society") is a [[Spanish unionism|Spanish unionist]] organization based in Barcelona.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Planas|first=Pablo|date=2014-04-05|title=Societat Civil Catalana, la anti-ANC del "unionismo"|language=es-ES|work=Libertad Digital|url=https://www.libertaddigital.com/espana/2014-04-05/societat-civil-catalana-la-anti-anc-del-unionismo-1276515094/|access-date=2018-05-13|archive-date=2018-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514141413/https://www.libertaddigital.com/espana/2014-04-05/societat-civil-catalana-la-anti-anc-del-unionismo-1276515094/|url-status=live}}</ref> Launched in 2014,<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|title=Sociedad Civil Catalana llena en su presentación en Barcelona|language=es|work=Cronica global|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/lleno-absoluto-de-sociedad-civil-catalana-en-su-presentacion-en-barcelona_7018_102.html|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330213037/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/lleno-absoluto-de-sociedad-civil-catalana-en-su-presentacion-en-barcelona_7018_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC seek to counter the [[Catalan independence movement]].<ref name=":111">{{Cite news|title=Premi a l’anticatalanisme|language=ca|work=El Temps|url=https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3055/premi-a-lanticatalanisme|access-date=2018-05-13|archive-date=2018-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504011826/https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3055/premi-a-lanticatalanisme|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Bou|first=Carles Planas|date=2018-04-22|title=El 'procés' se internacionaliza en Alemania|language=ES|work=elperiodico|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20180422/el-proces-se-internacionaliza-en-alemania-6771217|access-date=2018-05-22|archive-date=2018-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522112251/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20180422/el-proces-se-internacionaliza-en-alemania-6771217|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":72">{{Cite web|last=Barcelona|first=AFP in|date=2014-10-12|title=Thousands rally in Barcelona against Catalonian independence|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|access-date=2018-02-02|website=The Guardian|language=en|archive-date=2018-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203123712/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":212">{{Cite news|title=Miles de personas participan en la manifestación del 12O en plaza Catalunya en Barcelona|work=La Vanguardia|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|access-date=2018-03-19|archive-date=2018-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320060903/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 == Structure ==
-Elda Mata Miró-Sans is the current president, since April 3, 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190626/sanchez-costa-nuevo-presidente-societat-civil-catalana-7523795|title=Sánchez Costa, nuevo presidente de Societat Civil Catalana|work=elperiodico.com|access-date=2020-02-04|language=es|archive-date=2020-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204193020/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190626/sanchez-costa-nuevo-presidente-societat-civil-catalana-7523795|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://societatcivilcatalana.cat/es/noticias/fernando-sanchez-costa-se-convierte-en-el-nuevo-presidente-de-societat-civil-catalana/|title=Fernando Sánchez Costa se convierte en el nuevo presidente de Societat Civil Catalana|last=SCC|date=2019-06-27|work=Societat Civil Catalana|access-date=2020-02-14|language=es-ES|archive-date=2021-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123104533/https://societatcivilcatalana.cat/es/noticias/fernando-sanchez-costa-se-convierte-en-el-nuevo-presidente-de-societat-civil-catalana|url-status=live}}</ref> Former presidents have been Rafael Arenas, Mariano Gomà, and Josep Ramon Bosch.<ref>{{Cite news|title=L'arquitecte Mariano Gomà, nou president de Societat Civil Catalana|language=ca|work=Ara.cat|url=https://www.ara.cat/politica/Mariano-Goma-nou-president-Societat-Civil-Catalana_0_1675032675.html|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012418/https://www.ara.cat/politica/Mariano-Goma-nou-president-Societat-Civil-Catalana_0_1675032675.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Món|first=El|title=José Rosiñol, nou president de Societat Civil Catalana|language=en|work=El Món|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/jose-rosinol-nou-president-societat-civil-catalana|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012353/http://elmon.cat/politica/jose-rosinol-nou-president-societat-civil-catalana|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite news|title=José Rosiñol releva a Mariano Gomà como presidente de Societat Civil Catalana|work=La Vanguardia|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171107/432698432441/jose-rosinol-releva-mariano-goma-presidente-societat-civil-catalana.html|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013011/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171107/432698432441/jose-rosinol-releva-mariano-goma-presidente-societat-civil-catalana.html|url-status=live}}</ref>  SCC board members have different ideological backgrounds and are or have been associated to pro-union parties such as [[People's Party of Catalonia]], [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]] and [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia]].<ref name=":722">{{cite news|last1=Alejandro|first1=Tercero|date=3 July 2017|title=Societat Civil Catalana: los complejos equilibrios entre PSC, PP y C’s|language=es|work=Cronica global|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|accessdate=14 April 2018|archive-date=30 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013519/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC has delegations in [[Barcelonès]], [[Baix Llobregat]] and [[Province of Tarragona|Tarragona]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|date=2018-03-16|title=Societat Civil Catalana constituye la Junta local de Barcelona ciudad - El Catalán|language=es-ES|work=El Catalán|url=https://www.elcatalan.es/societat-civil-catalana-constituye-la-junta-local-de-barcelona-ciudad/|access-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401114856/https://www.elcatalan.es/societat-civil-catalana-constituye-la-junta-local-de-barcelona-ciudad/|archive-date=2018-04-01}}</ref>
+Elda Mata Miró-Sans is the current president, since April 3, 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190626/sanchez-costa-nuevo-presidente-societat-civil-catalana-7523795|title=Sánchez Costa, nuevo presidente de Societat Civil Catalana|work=elperiodico.com|access-date=2020-02-04|language=es|archive-date=2020-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204193020/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190626/sanchez-costa-nuevo-presidente-societat-civil-catalana-7523795|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://societatcivilcatalana.cat/es/noticias/fernando-sanchez-costa-se-convierte-en-el-nuevo-presidente-de-societat-civil-catalana/|title=Fernando Sánchez Costa se convierte en el nuevo presidente de Societat Civil Catalana|last=SCC|date=2019-06-27|work=Societat Civil Catalana|access-date=2020-02-14|language=es-ES|archive-date=2021-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123104533/https://societatcivilcatalana.cat/es/noticias/fernando-sanchez-costa-se-convierte-en-el-nuevo-presidente-de-societat-civil-catalana|url-status=live}}</ref> Former presidents have been Rafael Arenas, Mariano Gomà, and Josep Ramon Bosch.<ref>{{Cite news|title=L'arquitecte Mariano Gomà, nou president de Societat Civil Catalana|language=ca|work=Ara.cat|url=https://www.ara.cat/politica/Mariano-Goma-nou-president-Societat-Civil-Catalana_0_1675032675.html|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012418/https://www.ara.cat/politica/Mariano-Goma-nou-president-Societat-Civil-Catalana_0_1675032675.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Món|first=El|title=José Rosiñol, nou president de Societat Civil Catalana|language=en|work=El Món|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/jose-rosinol-nou-president-societat-civil-catalana|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012353/http://elmon.cat/politica/jose-rosinol-nou-president-societat-civil-catalana|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite news|title=José Rosiñol releva a Mariano Gomà como presidente de Societat Civil Catalana|work=La Vanguardia|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171107/432698432441/jose-rosinol-releva-mariano-goma-presidente-societat-civil-catalana.html|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013011/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171107/432698432441/jose-rosinol-releva-mariano-goma-presidente-societat-civil-catalana.html|url-status=live}}</ref>  SCC board members have different ideological backgrounds and are or have been associated to pro-union parties such as [[People's Party of Catalonia]], [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]] and [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia]].<ref name=":722">{{cite news|last1=Alejandro|first1=Tercero|date=3 July 2017|title=Societat Civil Catalana: los complejos equilibrios entre PSC, PP y C’s|language=es|work=Cronica global|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|access-date=14 April 2018|archive-date=30 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013519/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC has delegations in [[Barcelonès]], [[Baix Llobregat]] and [[Province of Tarragona|Tarragona]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|date=2018-03-16|title=Societat Civil Catalana constituye la Junta local de Barcelona ciudad - El Catalán|language=es-ES|work=El Catalán|url=https://www.elcatalan.es/societat-civil-catalana-constituye-la-junta-local-de-barcelona-ciudad/|access-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401114856/https://www.elcatalan.es/societat-civil-catalana-constituye-la-junta-local-de-barcelona-ciudad/|archive-date=2018-04-01}}</ref>
 == Creation ==
-SCC was legally constituted on April 7, 2014. SCC stated that its goal is to be a transverse platform against separatism.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cañizares |first1=M. J. |title=Nace una plataforma para "romper el silencio de los catalanes que rechazan la secesión" |url=https://www.abc.es/catalunya/politica/20140407/abci-nace-plataforma-para-romper-201404071229.html |accessdate=11 November 2018 |work=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]] |date=7 April 2014 |language=es-ES |archive-date=11 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111215403/https://www.abc.es/catalunya/politica/20140407/abci-nace-plataforma-para-romper-201404071229.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On April 23 of the same year SCC had its official presentation to the public at the Victoria Theater in Barcelona.<ref name=":02"/><ref name=":14">{{Cite news|url=http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/els-vincles-ocults-de-lextrema-dreta-amb-societat-civil-catalana-2365|title=Els vincles ocults de l'extrema dreta amb Societat Civil Catalana|work=Crític|access-date=2018-04-01|language=ca|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330033933/http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/els-vincles-ocults-de-lextrema-dreta-amb-societat-civil-catalana-2365|url-status=live}}</ref>  Susana Beltrán, who became a deputy of [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]]  in [[Parliament of Catalonia|Catalonia's Parliament]],<ref name=":15">{{Cite news|url=https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3287/yo-soy-espanol-espanol-espanol|title="Yo soy español, español, español..."|work=El Temps|access-date=2018-03-28|language=ca|archive-date=2019-03-05|archive-url=https://archive.ph/20190305113422/https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3287/yo-soy-espanol-espanol-espanol|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana: los complejos equilibrios entre PSC, PP y C’s|work=Cronica global|access-date=2018-03-29|language=es|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013519/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> was the host of the event and [[Josep Ramon Bosch|Bosch]], [[José Domingo Domingo|Domingo]] and Coll delivered the keynote speeches.<ref name=":02"/> José Rosiñol was the moderator and also member of the provisional executive office. Other members from the provisional executive office who also attended the event were Isabel Porcel, Ana María Lindin and Ferran Brunet.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/nace-sociedad-civil-catalana_6403_102.html|title=Nace 'Societat Civil Catalana|work=Cronica global|access-date=2018-03-30|language=es|archive-date=2017-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111152740/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/nace-sociedad-civil-catalana_6403_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The event was attended by members of mainstream political parties with representation in the Spanish parliament such as [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]], [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]], [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia|PSC]] and [[Union, Progress and Democracy|UPyD]]<ref name=":02"/> Some founding members were members of the [[Somatemps]], including its first president [[Josep Ramon Bosch]], [[Javier Barraycoa]], [[Josep Alsina]] and [[Xavier Codorniu]].<ref>{{Citation|last=TV3|title=Arriba España|url=http://www.ccma.cat/tv3/alacarta/30-minuts/arriba-espana/video/5768163/|language=ca-ES|accessdate=2018-05-27|archive-date=2018-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528134440/http://www.ccma.cat/tv3/alacarta/30-minuts/arriba-espana/video/5768163/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":17">{{Cite web|title=Jordi Borràs: ‘El nucli fundador de Societat Civil Catalana és Somatemps, organització d’extrema dreta’|url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-el-nucli-fundador-de-societat-civil-catalana-es-somatemps-organitzacio-dextrema-dreta/|access-date=2018-04-06|website=VilaWeb.cat|language=ca|archive-date=2018-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406230636/https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-el-nucli-fundador-de-societat-civil-catalana-es-somatemps-organitzacio-dextrema-dreta/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":16">{{Cite news|url=http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/extrema-dreta-a-catalunya-de-la-a-a-la-z-9680|title=Diccionari de l'extrema dreta a Catalunya, de la A a la Z|work=Crític|access-date=2018-04-06|language=ca|archive-date=2018-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406230959/http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/extrema-dreta-a-catalunya-de-la-a-a-la-z-9680|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":522">{{Cite news|url=http://www.publico.es/politica/detras-asociaciones-han-sacado-calle-miles-ciudadanos-espana-catalunya.html|title=Quién está detrás de las asociaciones que han sacado a la calle a miles de ciudadanos por España y por Catalunya|work=[[Público (Spain)|Público]]|access-date=2018-03-28|language=es-ES|archive-date=2020-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031134316/https://www.publico.es/politica/detras-asociaciones-han-sacado-calle-miles-ciudadanos-espana-catalunya.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC also received support from [[Jorge Moragas]] and [[Miriam Tey de Salvador|Miram Tey]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2017/12/31/5a46a790ca4741e5768b45db.html|title=El adiós de Moragas: "Irse del poder es difícil y doloroso. Moncloa es una droga"|work=Elmundo|access-date=2018-05-09|language=es|archive-date=2018-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504201944/http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2017/12/31/5a46a790ca4741e5768b45db.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+SCC was legally constituted on April 7, 2014. SCC stated that its goal is to be a transverse platform against separatism.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cañizares |first1=M. J. |title=Nace una plataforma para "romper el silencio de los catalanes que rechazan la secesión" |url=https://www.abc.es/catalunya/politica/20140407/abci-nace-plataforma-para-romper-201404071229.html |access-date=11 November 2018 |work=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]] |date=7 April 2014 |language=es-ES |archive-date=11 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111215403/https://www.abc.es/catalunya/politica/20140407/abci-nace-plataforma-para-romper-201404071229.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On April 23 of the same year SCC had its official presentation to the public at the Victoria Theater in Barcelona.<ref name=":02"/><ref name=":14">{{Cite news|url=http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/els-vincles-ocults-de-lextrema-dreta-amb-societat-civil-catalana-2365|title=Els vincles ocults de l'extrema dreta amb Societat Civil Catalana|work=Crític|access-date=2018-04-01|language=ca|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330033933/http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/els-vincles-ocults-de-lextrema-dreta-amb-societat-civil-catalana-2365|url-status=live}}</ref>  Susana Beltrán, who became a deputy of [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]]  in [[Parliament of Catalonia|Catalonia's Parliament]],<ref name=":15">{{Cite news|url=https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3287/yo-soy-espanol-espanol-espanol|title="Yo soy español, español, español..."|work=El Temps|access-date=2018-03-28|language=ca|archive-date=2019-03-05|archive-url=https://archive.today/20190305113422/https://www.eltemps.cat/article/3287/yo-soy-espanol-espanol-espanol|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana: los complejos equilibrios entre PSC, PP y C’s|work=Cronica global|access-date=2018-03-29|language=es|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013519/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/societat-civil-catalana-psc-pp-cs_75888_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> was the host of the event and [[Josep Ramon Bosch|Bosch]], [[José Domingo Domingo|Domingo]] and Coll delivered the keynote speeches.<ref name=":02"/> José Rosiñol was the moderator and also member of the provisional executive office. Other members from the provisional executive office who also attended the event were Isabel Porcel, Ana María Lindin and Ferran Brunet.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/nace-sociedad-civil-catalana_6403_102.html|title=Nace 'Societat Civil Catalana|work=Cronica global|access-date=2018-03-30|language=es|archive-date=2017-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111152740/https://cronicaglobal.elespanol.com/politica/nace-sociedad-civil-catalana_6403_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The event was attended by members of mainstream political parties with representation in the Spanish parliament such as [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]], [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]], [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia|PSC]] and [[Union, Progress and Democracy|UPyD]]<ref name=":02"/> Some founding members were members of the [[Somatemps]], including its first president [[Josep Ramon Bosch]], [[Javier Barraycoa]], [[Josep Alsina]] and [[Xavier Codorniu]].<ref>{{Citation|last=TV3|title=Arriba España|url=http://www.ccma.cat/tv3/alacarta/30-minuts/arriba-espana/video/5768163/|language=ca-ES|access-date=2018-05-27|archive-date=2018-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528134440/http://www.ccma.cat/tv3/alacarta/30-minuts/arriba-espana/video/5768163/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":17">{{Cite web|title=Jordi Borràs: ‘El nucli fundador de Societat Civil Catalana és Somatemps, organització d’extrema dreta’|url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-el-nucli-fundador-de-societat-civil-catalana-es-somatemps-organitzacio-dextrema-dreta/|access-date=2018-04-06|website=VilaWeb.cat|language=ca|archive-date=2018-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406230636/https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-el-nucli-fundador-de-societat-civil-catalana-es-somatemps-organitzacio-dextrema-dreta/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":16">{{Cite news|url=http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/extrema-dreta-a-catalunya-de-la-a-a-la-z-9680|title=Diccionari de l'extrema dreta a Catalunya, de la A a la Z|work=Crític|access-date=2018-04-06|language=ca|archive-date=2018-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406230959/http://www.elcritic.cat/investigacio/extrema-dreta-a-catalunya-de-la-a-a-la-z-9680|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":522">{{Cite news|url=http://www.publico.es/politica/detras-asociaciones-han-sacado-calle-miles-ciudadanos-espana-catalunya.html|title=Quién está detrás de las asociaciones que han sacado a la calle a miles de ciudadanos por España y por Catalunya|work=[[Público (Spain)|Público]]|access-date=2018-03-28|language=es-ES|archive-date=2020-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031134316/https://www.publico.es/politica/detras-asociaciones-han-sacado-calle-miles-ciudadanos-espana-catalunya.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC also received support from [[Jorge Moragas]] and [[Miriam Tey de Salvador|Miram Tey]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2017/12/31/5a46a790ca4741e5768b45db.html|title=El adiós de Moragas: "Irse del poder es difícil y doloroso. Moncloa es una droga"|work=Elmundo|access-date=2018-05-09|language=es|archive-date=2018-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504201944/http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2017/12/31/5a46a790ca4741e5768b45db.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Several leading supporters of the group has far right connections or sympathies.
 == Awards ==
@@ Line 32: / Line 31: @@
 * On 11 September 2014 ([[National Day of Catalonia]]) it organized its first big concentration event in Tarragona.<ref name=":60">{{Cite news|url=http://www.publico.es/politica/oscura-financiacion-asociacion-antisoberanista-societat.html|title=La oscura financiación de la asociación antisoberanista Societat Civil Catalana|work=[[Público (Spain)|Público]]|access-date=2018-03-30|language=es-ES|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330211740/http://www.publico.es/politica/oscura-financiacion-asociacion-antisoberanista-societat.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-* On 12 October 2014 ([[Columbus Day|Día de la Hispanidad]]), gathering 40,000 demonstrators in Barcelona against independence, according to the local police spokesman.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|title=Thousands rally in Barcelona against Catalonian independence|last=Barcelona|first=AFP in|date=2014-10-12|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-02-02|archive-date=2018-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203123712/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|title=Miles de personas participan en la manifestación del 12O en plaza Catalunya en Barcelona|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-03-19|archive-date=2018-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320060903/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+* On 12 October 2014 ([[Columbus Day|Día de la Hispanidad]]), gathering 40,000 demonstrators in Barcelona against independence, according to the local police spokesman.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|title=Thousands rally in Barcelona against Catalonian independence|last=Barcelona|first=AFP in|date=2014-10-12|website=The Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-02-02|archive-date=2018-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203123712/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/12/thousands-rally-against-catalonia-independence|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|title=Miles de personas participan en la manifestación del 12O en plaza Catalunya en Barcelona|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-03-19|archive-date=2018-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320060903/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20141012/54417850972/12o-barcelona.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * On 8 October 2017, it mobilized hundreds of thousands of people (350,000 according to local police chief of press, more than 1 million according to the organization itself) in a [[Reactions to the Catalan independence referendum, 2017|demonstration at Barcelona]].<ref name="Suarez2" /> Former [[European Parliament|EU Parliament]] president and current Foreign Affairs Minister, socialist [[Josep Borrell]], and [[Nobel Prize|Nobel Award]] Laureate [[Mario Vargas Llosa]], delivered closing speeches at the demonstration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/ccaa/2017/10/08/catalunya/1507444172_851999.html|title=Masiva manifestación en Barcelona a favor de la Constitución y la unidad de España|last=Piñol|first=Àngels|date=2017-10-09|work=El País|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320000842/https://elpais.com/ccaa/2017/10/08/catalunya/1507444172_851999.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * On 12 October 2017, a total of 65,000 people attended to a demonstration call made by SCC.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171012/432003268548/guardia-urbana-cifra-en-65000-personas-la-asistencia-a-manifestacion-de-scc.html|title=Guardia Urbana cifra en 65.000 personas la asistencia a manifestación de SCC|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-03-19|archive-date=2018-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320112406/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20171012/432003268548/guardia-urbana-cifra-en-65000-personas-la-asistencia-a-manifestacion-de-scc.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-* On 29 October 2017, 300,000 people according to local police (one million according to SCC) marched against the unilateral declaration of independence by the Catalan Regional Government.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/29/catalonias-silent-majority-descend-on-barcelona|title='We are all Catalonia' march brings thousands out on Barcelona's streets|last=Graham-Harrison|first=Emma|last2=Burgen|first2=Stephen|date=2017-10-29|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-05-05|archive-date=2018-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507085147/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/29/catalonias-silent-majority-descend-on-barcelona|url-status=live}}</ref> Manifesto speakers were Josep Borrell<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20171029/manifestacion-societat-civil-catalana-barcelona-6388033|title=El 'no' a la independencia vuelve a mostrar músculo en Barcelona|last=Regué|first=Júlia|date=2017-10-29|work=elperiodico|access-date=2018-04-13|language=ES|archive-date=2018-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413190057/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20171029/manifestacion-societat-civil-catalana-barcelona-6388033|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Francisco Frutos]], former leader of the [[Spanish Communist Party]] which condemned his participation in the demonstration and stated that he did not represent them in any way.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2017/10/29/59f61e4046163f504a8b458a.html|title=El PCE critica a su ex secretario general Paco Frutos por participar en la marcha por la unidad de España|work=Elmundo|access-date=2018-11-21|language=es|archive-date=2018-11-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122051857/https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2017/10/29/59f61e4046163f504a8b458a.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/politica/MINUTO-Diada_13_685361458_15073.html|title=El PCE desautoriza a Paco Frutos tras su intervención en la manifestación por la unidad de España|website=Hazte socio de eldiario.es|language=es|access-date=2018-04-13|archive-date=2017-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101235752/https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/politica/MINUTO-Diada_13_685361458_15073.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.huelvahoy.com/el-pce-desautoriza-a-paco-frutos-tras-intervenir-en-la-manifestacion-por-la-unidad-de-espana/|title=El PCE desautoriza a Paco Frutos tras intervenir en la manifestación por la unidad de España – HuelvaHoy.com|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es-ES|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414092205/http://www.huelvahoy.com/el-pce-desautoriza-a-paco-frutos-tras-intervenir-en-la-manifestacion-por-la-unidad-de-espana/|url-status=live}}</ref>
+* On 29 October 2017, 300,000 people according to local police (one million according to SCC) marched against the unilateral declaration of independence by the Catalan Regional Government.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/29/catalonias-silent-majority-descend-on-barcelona|title='We are all Catalonia' march brings thousands out on Barcelona's streets|last=Graham-Harrison|first=Emma|last2=Burgen|first2=Stephen|date=2017-10-29|website=The Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-05-05|archive-date=2018-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507085147/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/29/catalonias-silent-majority-descend-on-barcelona|url-status=live}}</ref> Manifesto speakers were Josep Borrell<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20171029/manifestacion-societat-civil-catalana-barcelona-6388033|title=El 'no' a la independencia vuelve a mostrar músculo en Barcelona|last=Regué|first=Júlia|date=2017-10-29|work=elperiodico|access-date=2018-04-13|language=ES|archive-date=2018-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413190057/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20171029/manifestacion-societat-civil-catalana-barcelona-6388033|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Francisco Frutos]], former leader of the [[Spanish Communist Party]] which condemned his participation in the demonstration and stated that he did not represent them in any way.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2017/10/29/59f61e4046163f504a8b458a.html|title=El PCE critica a su ex secretario general Paco Frutos por participar en la marcha por la unidad de España|work=Elmundo|access-date=2018-11-21|language=es|archive-date=2018-11-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122051857/https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2017/10/29/59f61e4046163f504a8b458a.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/politica/MINUTO-Diada_13_685361458_15073.html|title=El PCE desautoriza a Paco Frutos tras su intervención en la manifestación por la unidad de España|website=Hazte socio de eldiario.es|language=es|access-date=2018-04-13|archive-date=2017-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101235752/https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/politica/MINUTO-Diada_13_685361458_15073.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.huelvahoy.com/el-pce-desautoriza-a-paco-frutos-tras-intervenir-en-la-manifestacion-por-la-unidad-de-espana/|title=El PCE desautoriza a Paco Frutos tras intervenir en la manifestación por la unidad de España – HuelvaHoy.com|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es-ES|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414092205/http://www.huelvahoy.com/el-pce-desautoriza-a-paco-frutos-tras-intervenir-en-la-manifestacion-por-la-unidad-de-espana/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-* On 5 December 2017, SCC denounces in Brussels an alleged [[indoctrination]] in schools of [[Catalonia]] in [[Catalan nationalism]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/politica/2017/12/05/actualidad/1512490476_457972.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana denuncia en Bruselas el adoctrinamiento en las escuelas de Cataluña|last=Sánchez|first=Álvaro|date=2017-12-05|work=El País|access-date=2018-09-11|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907222824/https://elpais.com/politica/2017/12/05/actualidad/1512490476_457972.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="libro adoctrinamiento escolar">{{cite book |last1=Fidalgo |first1=Sergio |last2=Jimeno |first2=Antonio |title=El adoctrinamiento escolar en Cataluña |date=2020 |publisher=Ediciones Hildy |isbn=978-84-948187-8-3 |page=1-193 |edition=first |url=https://www.casadellibro.com.co/libro-el-adoctrinamiento-escolar-en-cataluna/9788494818783/12436535}}</ref><ref name="indoctrination in Catalan schools">{{cite news |last1=Conde Solares |first1=Carlos |title=Catalonia's education system: Indoctrination, victimization, and Linguistic Spies |url=https://theglobepost.com/2019/07/26/catalonia-education-system/ |access-date=16 April 2023 |agency=The Globe Post |publisher=The Globe Post}}</ref>
+* On 5 December 2017, SCC denounces in Brussels an alleged [[indoctrination]] in schools of [[Catalonia]] in [[Catalan nationalism]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/politica/2017/12/05/actualidad/1512490476_457972.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana denuncia en Bruselas el adoctrinamiento en las escuelas de Cataluña|last=Sánchez|first=Álvaro|date=2017-12-05|work=El País|access-date=2018-09-11|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907222824/https://elpais.com/politica/2017/12/05/actualidad/1512490476_457972.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-* On 18 March 2018, 7,000 people were present in another demonstration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.europapress.es/catalunya/noticia-7000-personas-participan-manifestacion-scc-barcelona-guardia-urbana-20180318140353.html|title=Unas 7.000 personas participan en la manifestación de SCC en Barcelona, según la Guardia Urbana|last=Press|first=Europa|date=2018-03-18|work=europapress.es|access-date=2018-03-19|language=es-ES|archive-date=2018-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319000618/http://www.europapress.es/catalunya/noticia-7000-personas-participan-manifestacion-scc-barcelona-guardia-urbana-20180318140353.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In this demonstration, former [[Prime Minister of France|French Prime Minister]] [[Manuel Valls]] delivered the closing speech.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/03/18/videos/1521396739_121350.html|title=Vídeo: El discurso completo de Manuel Valls en Barcelona|last=EFE|date=2018-03-18|work=El País|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413191719/https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/03/18/videos/1521396739_121350.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+* On 18 March 2018, 7,000 people were present in another demonstration.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.europapress.es/catalunya/noticia-7000-personas-participan-manifestacion-scc-barcelona-guardia-urbana-20180318140353.html|title=Unas 7.000 personas participan en la manifestación de SCC en Barcelona, según la Guardia Urbana|date=2018-03-18|publisher=Europa Press|access-date=2018-03-19|language=es-ES|archive-date=2018-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319000618/http://www.europapress.es/catalunya/noticia-7000-personas-participan-manifestacion-scc-barcelona-guardia-urbana-20180318140353.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In this demonstration, former [[Prime Minister of France|French Prime Minister]] [[Manuel Valls]] delivered the closing speech.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/03/18/videos/1521396739_121350.html|title=Vídeo: El discurso completo de Manuel Valls en Barcelona|last=EFE|date=2018-03-18|work=El País|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413191719/https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/03/18/videos/1521396739_121350.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-SCC demonstration calls have received cross-party support from Catalonia's [[People's Party of Catalonia|Popular Party]], [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia|PSC]] and [[Citizens of Catalonia|Citizens]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/10/29/inenglish/1509299829_977368.html|title=Hundreds of thousands take to streets in defense of Spanish unity|last=Álvarez|first=Pilar|date=2017-10-29|work=El País|access-date=2018-04-13|last2=Gálvez|first2=José María Jiménez|language=en|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414010743/https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/10/29/inenglish/1509299829_977368.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/07/catalonia-independence-spain-protest|title=Pro-unity Catalans take to the streets to condemn ‘selfish revolution’|last=Burgen|first=Stephen|date=2017-10-07|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-04-13|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414172352/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/07/catalonia-independence-spain-protest|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elespanol.com/opinion/tribunas/20180401/responsables-derrota-proces-separatista/296090389_12.html|title=Los 9 responsables de la derrota del procés separatista|work=El Español|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414011420/https://www.elespanol.com/opinion/tribunas/20180401/responsables-derrota-proces-separatista/296090389_12.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and it is regarded by some as the leading anti-independence platforms in Catalonia along with the movement for [[Tabarnia]].<ref name=":19">{{Cite news|url=https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/Ciudadanos-aleja-Tabarnia-partido-desmarca_0_746825547.html|title=Ciudadanos se aleja de Tabarnia: el partido que dio cancha a la "broma" ahora se desmarca|work=eldiario.es|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414091832/https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/Ciudadanos-aleja-Tabarnia-partido-desmarca_0_746825547.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+SCC demonstration calls have received cross-party support from Catalonia's [[People's Party of Catalonia|Popular Party]], [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia|PSC]] and [[Citizens of Catalonia|Citizens]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/10/29/inenglish/1509299829_977368.html|title=Hundreds of thousands take to streets in defense of Spanish unity|last=Álvarez|first=Pilar|date=2017-10-29|work=El País|access-date=2018-04-13|last2=Gálvez|first2=José María Jiménez|language=en|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414010743/https://elpais.com/elpais/2017/10/29/inenglish/1509299829_977368.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/07/catalonia-independence-spain-protest|title=Pro-unity Catalans take to the streets to condemn ‘selfish revolution’|last=Burgen|first=Stephen|date=2017-10-07|website=The Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-04-13|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414172352/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/07/catalonia-independence-spain-protest|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.elespanol.com/opinion/tribunas/20180401/responsables-derrota-proces-separatista/296090389_12.html|title=Los 9 responsables de la derrota del procés separatista|work=El Español|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414011420/https://www.elespanol.com/opinion/tribunas/20180401/responsables-derrota-proces-separatista/296090389_12.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and it is regarded by some as the leading anti-independence platforms in Catalonia along with the movement for [[Tabarnia]].<ref name=":19">{{Cite news|url=https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/Ciudadanos-aleja-Tabarnia-partido-desmarca_0_746825547.html|title=Ciudadanos se aleja de Tabarnia: el partido que dio cancha a la "broma" ahora se desmarca|work=eldiario.es|access-date=2018-04-13|language=es|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414091832/https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/Ciudadanos-aleja-Tabarnia-partido-desmarca_0_746825547.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-SCC gave public support to a demonstration of the platform [[Tabarnia]] along with [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] and [[Platform for Catalonia|PxC]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180215/44801100685/sociedad-civil-y-plataforma-tabarnia-unidos-en-manifestacion-del-dia-25.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana secunda a Tabarnia en la manifestación del 25 de febrero|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-04-01|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330233949/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180215/44801100685/sociedad-civil-y-plataforma-tabarnia-unidos-en-manifestacion-del-dia-25.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":19" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/voxnoticias_es/status/970274531725201408|title=Vox leaders supporting Tabarnia demonstration|publisher=VOX Noticias|access-date=2018-05-03|archive-date=2023-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318132516/https://twitter.com/voxnoticias_es/status/970274531725201408|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=http://www.eltriangle.eu/es/notices/2018/01/-que-influencers-ha-retratado-el-fenomeno-tabarnia-9930.php|title=¿Qué 'influencers' ha retratado el fenómeno Tabarnia?|date=2018-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331224647/http://www.eltriangle.eu/es/notices/2018/01/-que-influencers-ha-retratado-el-fenomeno-tabarnia-9930.php|archive-date=2018-04-01|access-date=2018-04-01}}</ref><ref name=":110">{{Cite web|url=https://www.plataforma.cat/noticies/3990/tabarnia-ja-es-aqui-pxc-convidada-a-la-seva-primera-manifestacio.html|title=PxC - Tabàrnia ja és aquí! PxC convidada a la seva primera manifestació|website=www.plataforma.cat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331224334/https://www.plataforma.cat/noticies/3990/tabarnia-ja-es-aqui-pxc-convidada-a-la-seva-primera-manifestacio.html|archive-date=2018-04-01|access-date=2018-03-31}}</ref>
+SCC gave public support to a demonstration of the platform [[Tabarnia]] along with [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]] and [[Platform for Catalonia|PxC]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180215/44801100685/sociedad-civil-y-plataforma-tabarnia-unidos-en-manifestacion-del-dia-25.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana secunda a Tabarnia en la manifestación del 25 de febrero|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-04-01|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330233949/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180215/44801100685/sociedad-civil-y-plataforma-tabarnia-unidos-en-manifestacion-del-dia-25.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":19" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/voxnoticias_es/status/970274531725201408|title=Vox leaders supporting Tabarnia demonstration|publisher=VOX Noticias|access-date=2018-05-03|archive-date=2023-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318132516/https://twitter.com/voxnoticias_es/status/970274531725201408|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=http://www.eltriangle.eu/es/notices/2018/01/-que-influencers-ha-retratado-el-fenomeno-tabarnia-9930.php|title=¿Qué 'influencers' ha retratado el fenómeno Tabarnia?|date=2018-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331224647/http://www.eltriangle.eu/es/notices/2018/01/-que-influencers-ha-retratado-el-fenomeno-tabarnia-9930.php|archive-date=2018-03-31|access-date=2018-04-01}}</ref><ref name=":110">{{Cite web|url=https://www.plataforma.cat/noticies/3990/tabarnia-ja-es-aqui-pxc-convidada-a-la-seva-primera-manifestacio.html|title=PxC - Tabàrnia ja és aquí! PxC convidada a la seva primera manifestació|website=www.plataforma.cat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331224334/https://www.plataforma.cat/noticies/3990/tabarnia-ja-es-aqui-pxc-convidada-a-la-seva-primera-manifestacio.html|archive-date=2018-03-31|access-date=2018-03-31}}</ref>
-In the first months of 2018 SCC started a round of meetings with Spanish politicians and political parties to discuss how to manage the [[Catalan independence movement]] in the context of the [[2017–18 Spanish constitutional crisis|Spanish constitutional crisis]]. SCC established conversations with political party [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Cs]] (Citizens) and with the president of the [[government of Spain]], [[Mariano Rajoy]] (president of [[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]]).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/societat-civil-catalana-reuneix-rajoy-aquest-dijous|title=Societat Civil Catalana es reuneix amb Rajoy aquest dijous|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012825/http://elmon.cat/politica/societat-civil-catalana-reuneix-rajoy-aquest-dijous|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/rivera-apressa-rajoy-faci-efectiu-canvi-model-educatiu-catala|title=Rivera apressa Rajoy perquè faci efectiu "el canvi de model educatiu català"|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013102/http://elmon.cat/politica/rivera-apressa-rajoy-faci-efectiu-canvi-model-educatiu-catala|url-status=live}}</ref> The organization also met with [[Susana Díaz]], president of [[Andalusia]] and [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia|PSOE-A]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.efe.com/efe/andalucia/politica/sociedad-civil-catalana-invita-a-susana-diaz-su-celebracion-de-sant-jordi/50001108-3529534|title=Sociedad Civil Catalana invita a Susana Díaz a su celebración de Sant Jordi|work=www.efe.com|access-date=2018-03-30|language=es|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330211753/https://www.efe.com/efe/andalucia/politica/sociedad-civil-catalana-invita-a-susana-diaz-su-celebracion-de-sant-jordi/50001108-3529534|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":62">{{cite news|url=http://www.publico.es/politica/catalunya-societat-civil-catalana-busca-susana-diaz-primer-apoyo-institucional-fuera-catalunya.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana busca en Susana Díaz su primer apoyo institucional fuera de Catalunya|date=31 January 2018|work=[[Público (Spain)|Público]]|accessdate=14 April 2018|language=es-ES|archive-date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402163313/http://www.publico.es/politica/catalunya-societat-civil-catalana-busca-susana-diaz-primer-apoyo-institucional-fuera-catalunya.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and with [[Alberto Núñez Feijóo]], president of [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] and [[People's Party of Galicia|galician People's Party]]. Political parties [[En Marea]] and [[Galician Nationalist Bloc|BNG]] were left out.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.laopinioncoruna.es/galicia/2018/02/27/societat-civil-catalana-expone-feijoo/1267207.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana expone a Feijóo, PP y PSOE su rechazo al independentismo|last=Coruña|first=La Opinión de A|access-date=2018-03-30|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330212858/http://www.laopinioncoruna.es/galicia/2018/02/27/societat-civil-catalana-expone-feijoo/1267207.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In April, representatives of SCC met the leader of the Spanish socialist party [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] [[Pedro Sánchez (Spanish politician)|Pedro Sanchez]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180404/442184848602/pedro-sanchez-intercedera-ugt-ccoo-reciban-societat-civil-catalana.html|title=Pedro Sánchez intercederá ante UGT y CC.OO. para que reciban a Societat Civil|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-04-13|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414024558/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180404/442184848602/pedro-sanchez-intercedera-ugt-ccoo-reciban-societat-civil-catalana.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In the first months of 2018 SCC started a round of meetings with Spanish politicians and political parties to discuss how to manage the [[Catalan independence movement]] in the context of the [[2017–18 Spanish constitutional crisis|Spanish constitutional crisis]]. SCC established conversations with political party [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Cs]] (Citizens) and with the president of the [[government of Spain]], [[Mariano Rajoy]] (president of [[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]]).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/societat-civil-catalana-reuneix-rajoy-aquest-dijous|title=Societat Civil Catalana es reuneix amb Rajoy aquest dijous|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012825/http://elmon.cat/politica/societat-civil-catalana-reuneix-rajoy-aquest-dijous|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/rivera-apressa-rajoy-faci-efectiu-canvi-model-educatiu-catala|title=Rivera apressa Rajoy perquè faci efectiu "el canvi de model educatiu català"|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330013102/http://elmon.cat/politica/rivera-apressa-rajoy-faci-efectiu-canvi-model-educatiu-catala|url-status=live}}</ref> The organization also met with [[Susana Díaz]], president of [[Andalusia]] and [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia|PSOE-A]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.efe.com/efe/andalucia/politica/sociedad-civil-catalana-invita-a-susana-diaz-su-celebracion-de-sant-jordi/50001108-3529534|title=Sociedad Civil Catalana invita a Susana Díaz a su celebración de Sant Jordi|work=www.efe.com|access-date=2018-03-30|language=es|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330211753/https://www.efe.com/efe/andalucia/politica/sociedad-civil-catalana-invita-a-susana-diaz-su-celebracion-de-sant-jordi/50001108-3529534|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":62">{{cite news|url=http://www.publico.es/politica/catalunya-societat-civil-catalana-busca-susana-diaz-primer-apoyo-institucional-fuera-catalunya.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana busca en Susana Díaz su primer apoyo institucional fuera de Catalunya|date=31 January 2018|work=[[Público (Spain)|Público]]|access-date=14 April 2018|language=es-ES|archive-date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402163313/http://www.publico.es/politica/catalunya-societat-civil-catalana-busca-susana-diaz-primer-apoyo-institucional-fuera-catalunya.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and with [[Alberto Núñez Feijóo]], president of [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] and [[People's Party of Galicia|galician People's Party]]. Political parties [[En Marea]] and [[Galician Nationalist Bloc|BNG]] were left out.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.laopinioncoruna.es/galicia/2018/02/27/societat-civil-catalana-expone-feijoo/1267207.html|title=Societat Civil Catalana expone a Feijóo, PP y PSOE su rechazo al independentismo|last=Coruña|first=La Opinión de A|access-date=2018-03-30|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330212858/http://www.laopinioncoruna.es/galicia/2018/02/27/societat-civil-catalana-expone-feijoo/1267207.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In April, representatives of SCC met the leader of the Spanish socialist party [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] [[Pedro Sánchez (Spanish politician)|Pedro Sanchez]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180404/442184848602/pedro-sanchez-intercedera-ugt-ccoo-reciban-societat-civil-catalana.html|title=Pedro Sánchez intercederá ante UGT y CC.OO. para que reciban a Societat Civil|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-04-13|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414024558/http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180404/442184848602/pedro-sanchez-intercedera-ugt-ccoo-reciban-societat-civil-catalana.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 First proposed by [[Miriam Tey de Salvador|Miriam Tey]], Catalan Civil Society and [[Josep Ramon Bosch]] have formed a [[working group]] in order to negotiate with [[Manuel Valls]] his presentation to 2019 [[Spanish local elections, 2019|Spain's local elections]] as a [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizen]]'s candidate.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2018/07/08/5b409f62268e3e66758b460a.html|title='Operación Manuel Valls', el proyecto secreto para derrotar al populismo y el independentismo|work=Elmundo|access-date=2018-07-19|language=es|quote=«¿Por qué no le invitamos a un acto y lo convertimos en un puntal contra el separatismo?», se pregunta Tey. Comparte esa impresión con otros cargos de SCC y deciden iniciar los trámites para traerle a España.|archive-date=2018-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718145232/http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2018/07/08/5b409f62268e3e66758b460a.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elnacional.cat/es/politica/josep-ramon-bosch-manuel-valls-barcelona_286335_102.html|title=Josep Ramon Bosch asesora a Manuel Valls|website=ElNacional.cat|language=es|access-date=2018-07-19|quote=Josep Ramon Bosch i Codina es el factótum encargado de convencer a Manuel Valls para que encabece la lista "constitucionalista" por Barcelona en las municipales del 2019.|archive-date=2018-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719173805/https://www.elnacional.cat/es/politica/josep-ramon-bosch-manuel-valls-barcelona_286335_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Catalan Civil Society went to the [[European Parliament]] to claim that in Catalonia there is linguistic discrimination and that children rights are being violated. They also claimed the existence negative effects in children academic performance due to using Catalan as tuition language in the [[Education in Catalan|Catalan education system]]. This is contradicted by <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@aspiratas/catalonias-language-immersion-education-63d433de8a82|title=Catalonia’s Language Immersion Education|last=Benítez|first=Enrique|date=2017-07-11|website=Enrique Benítez|access-date=2018-09-11|archive-date=2018-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041753/https://medium.com/@aspiratas/catalonias-language-immersion-education-63d433de8a82|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Wong |first=Alia |date=2017-11-03 |title=Is Catalonia Using Schools as a Political Weapon? |language=en-US |work=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |url-status=live |access-date=2018-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913130636/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |archive-date=2018-09-13 |quote=Spanish nationalists have blamed Catalan-language instruction as a sinister force for fostering separatist sentiments.}}</ref> [[Republican Left of Catalonia]] former MEP [[Josep Maria Terricabras i Nogueras|Josep Maria Terricabras]], who recalled that PISA report does not show any difference,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.catalannews.com/society-science/item/row-in-brussels-over-linguistic-discrimination-in-catalonia|title=Row in Brussels over 'linguistic discrimination' in Catalonia|last=Jordan|first=Guifré|website=www.catalannews.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-08-06|archive-date=2018-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718030529/http://www.catalannews.com/society-science/item/row-in-brussels-over-linguistic-discrimination-in-catalonia|url-status=live}}</ref> as is the case of the last PISA report, Spanish regional tests and university admission tests.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/02/21/inenglish/1519220334_852810.html|title=What level of Spanish do Catalan children have?|last=Quintáns|first=Jessica Mouzo|date=2018-02-23|work=El País|access-date=2018-08-06|last2=Álvarez|first2=Pilar|language=en|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041705/https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/02/21/inenglish/1519220334_852810.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC are not the only ones making these claims. Some related media and other similar entities have self published documents claiming alleged negative effects of the current Catalan school system for Spanish-speakers,<ref name="Latorre2" /> based on flawed<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ruiz |first=Mariano |date=February 24, 2021 |title=Efectos de la inmersión lingüística sobre el alumnado castellanoparlante en Cataluña |url=https://revistaseug.ugr.es/index.php/profesorado/article/view/11550 |journal=Profesorado |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=334-336 |via=Revistas de la Universidad de Granada}}</ref> secondary reports<ref name="effects of language immersion">{{cite web |last1=European Foundation Society and Education |title=Efectos de la inmersión lingüística sobre el alumnado castellanohablante en Cataluña |url=https://www.sociedadyeducacion.org/noticias/efectos-de-la-inmersion-linguistica-sobre-el-alumnado-castellanoparlante-en-cataluna/ |access-date=7 February 2019 |website=sociedadyeducación.org |publisher=Fundación Europea Sociedad y Educación}}</ref> analysing PISA and PIRLS tests.<ref name="effects of language immersion" /><ref name="Evaluación PISA en Cataluña">{{cite web |last1=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |title=La evaluación PISA en Cataluña |url=https://files.convivenciacivica.org/Analisis%20de%20los%20Resultados%20de%20PISA%202015%20en%20Catalu%C3%B1a.pdf |website=convivenciacivica.org |publisher=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="PIRLS results in Catalonia">{{cite web |last1=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |title=La educación primaria en Cataluña |url=https://files.convivenciacivica.org/Analisis%20de%20los%20resultados%20de%20PIRLS%202016.pdf |website=convivenciacivica.org |publisher=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |access-date=1 January 2017}}</ref><ref name="language immersion and school failure">{{cite news |last1=Rodríguez |first1=Rubén |title=La escabechina de los castellanohablantes en Cataluña |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/cataluna/2017-03-01/informe-pisa-castellanohablante-alumnos-escuelas-cataluna_1340886/ |access-date=1 March 2017 |agency=El Confidencial |publisher=El Confidencial}}</ref>
+Catalan Civil Society went to the [[European Parliament]] to claim that in Catalonia there is linguistic discrimination and that children rights are being violated. They also claimed the existence negative effects in children academic performance due to using Catalan as tuition language in the [[Education in Catalan|Catalan education system]]. This is contradicted by <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@aspiratas/catalonias-language-immersion-education-63d433de8a82|title=Catalonia’s Language Immersion Education|last=Benítez|first=Enrique|date=2017-07-11|website=Enrique Benítez|access-date=2018-09-11|archive-date=2018-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041753/https://medium.com/@aspiratas/catalonias-language-immersion-education-63d433de8a82|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Wong |first=Alia |date=2017-11-03 |title=Is Catalonia Using Schools as a Political Weapon? |language=en-US |work=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |url-status=live |access-date=2018-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913130636/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |archive-date=2018-09-13 |quote=Spanish nationalists have blamed Catalan-language instruction as a sinister force for fostering separatist sentiments.}}</ref> [[Republican Left of Catalonia]] former MEP [[Josep Maria Terricabras i Nogueras|Josep Maria Terricabras]], who recalled that PISA report does not show any difference,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.catalannews.com/society-science/item/row-in-brussels-over-linguistic-discrimination-in-catalonia|title=Row in Brussels over 'linguistic discrimination' in Catalonia|last=Jordan|first=Guifré|website=www.catalannews.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-08-06|archive-date=2018-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718030529/http://www.catalannews.com/society-science/item/row-in-brussels-over-linguistic-discrimination-in-catalonia|url-status=live}}</ref> as is the case of the last PISA report, Spanish regional tests and university admission tests.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/02/21/inenglish/1519220334_852810.html|title=What level of Spanish do Catalan children have?|last=Quintáns|first=Jessica Mouzo|date=2018-02-23|work=El País|access-date=2018-08-06|last2=Álvarez|first2=Pilar|language=en|issn=1134-6582|archive-date=2018-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041705/https://elpais.com/elpais/2018/02/21/inenglish/1519220334_852810.html|url-status=live}}</ref> SCC are not the only ones making these claims. Some related media and other similar entities have self published documents claiming alleged negative effects of the current Catalan school system for Spanish-speakers,<ref name="Latorre2" /> based on flawed according to some authors <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Ruiz |first=Mariano |date=February 24, 2021 |title=Efectos de la inmersión lingüística sobre el alumnado castellanoparlante en Cataluña |url=https://revistaseug.ugr.es/index.php/profesorado/article/view/11550 |journal=Profesorado |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=334–336 |via=Revistas de la Universidad de Granada}}</ref> secondary reports<ref name="effects of language immersion">{{cite web |last1=European Foundation Society and Education |title=Efectos de la inmersión lingüística sobre el alumnado castellanohablante en Cataluña |url=https://www.sociedadyeducacion.org/noticias/efectos-de-la-inmersion-linguistica-sobre-el-alumnado-castellanoparlante-en-cataluna/ |access-date=7 February 2019 |website=sociedadyeducación.org |publisher=Fundación Europea Sociedad y Educación}}</ref> analysing PISA and PIRLS tests.<ref name="effects of language immersion" /><ref name="Evaluación PISA en Cataluña">{{cite web |last1=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |title=La evaluación PISA en Cataluña |url=https://files.convivenciacivica.org/Analisis%20de%20los%20Resultados%20de%20PISA%202015%20en%20Catalu%C3%B1a.pdf |website=convivenciacivica.org |publisher=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref><ref name="PIRLS results in Catalonia">{{cite web |last1=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |title=La educación primaria en Cataluña |url=https://files.convivenciacivica.org/Analisis%20de%20los%20resultados%20de%20PIRLS%202016.pdf |website=convivenciacivica.org |publisher=Convivencia Cívica Catalana |access-date=1 January 2017}}</ref><ref name="language immersion and school failure">{{cite news |last1=Rodríguez |first1=Rubén |title=La escabechina de los castellanohablantes en Cataluña |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/cataluna/2017-03-01/informe-pisa-castellanohablante-alumnos-escuelas-cataluna_1340886/ |access-date=1 March 2017 |agency=El Confidencial |publisher=El Confidencial}}</ref> Professors of the University of Barcelona Jorge Calero (former President of the Higher Council for Evaluation of the Educational System of Catalonia) and Alvaro Choi published a complete report<ref>{{cite web |last1=Calero |first1=Jorge |title=Efectos de la inmersión lingüística sobre el alumnado castellanohablante en Cataluña |url=https://www.sociedadyeducacion.org/site/wp-content/uploads/SE-Inmersion-Cataluna.pdf |website=sociedadyeducacion.org |publisher=Fundación Europea Sociedad y Educación |access-date=1 January 2019}}</ref><ref name="Effect of language immersion">{{cite journal |last1=Calero |first1=Jorge |title=The effect of language immersion on cognitive competencies |journal=Education Research and Evaluation |date=1 January 2022 |volume=27, 2022 |issue=5-8 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13803611.2022.2073454 |access-date=1 January 2022}}</ref> on the issue based on a detailed analysis of the data from the 2015 PISA reports, which reaches the  conclusion that Spanish speakers obtain worse results than Catalan speakers all other variables been equal. As already stated, that report was found to have flaws according to some authors, concretely in its assumptions over the population of the statistical analysis, which are considered unverifiable.<ref name=":1" /> The same problems were found in another report from Calero about PIRLS.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ruiz |first=Mariano |date=January 2022 |title=Reseña de "La Calidad del Profesorado en la Adquisición de Competencias de los Alumnos. Un Análisis Basado en PIRLS-2011 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342276826_Resena_de_La_Calidad_del_Profesorado_en_la_Adquisicion_de_Competencias_de_los_Alumnos_Un_Analisis_Basado_en_PIRLS-2011 |journal=Statistical Reports |issue=39 |pages=1–3 |via=Research Gate}}</ref>
 == Criticism  ==
-Regarding the alleged instrumentation of public education, this has been a common topic among [[Spanish nationalism|spanishist]] entities.<ref name="Wong2">{{Cite news |last=Wong |first=Alia |date=2017-11-03 |title=Is Catalonia Using Schools as a Political Weapon? |work=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913130636/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |archive-date=2018-09-13}}</ref><ref name="soler">{{cite |last=Soler |first=Sergi |title=Los relatos del procés: discurso y propaganda en la política catalana (2012-2017) |date=2019 |url=https://www.academia.edu/42829466/Los_relatos_del_proc%C3%A9s_discurso_y_propaganda_en_la_pol%C3%ADtica_catalana_2012_2017_ |work=[[Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona|UAB]] |pages=55-56 |trans-title=The stories of the process: discourse and propaganda in Catalan politics (2012-2017) |access-date=2023-03-29 |quote=Uno de los argumentos más repetidos por Ciudadanos durante la campaña fue el del adoctrinamiento y la inmersión lingüística en las escuelas catalanas como causante de la situación que se daba en Cataluña [...] Así mismo, SCC, agrupación cercana al partido, lanzaba en junio de 2015 una campaña en contra del adoctrinamiento en las escuelas donde se anima a la ciudadanía a denunciar practicas que se pudiesen considerar de adoctrinamiento, como por ejemplo carteles políticos o prohibiciones de usar alguna de las lenguas oficiales. Algunos periódicos de ámbito nacional como La Razón se hicieron eco de esta campaña.<sup>46</sup>Este argumento sobre el adoctrinamiento como culpable del crecimiento independentista que también defendió el ministro Wert en 2012<sup>47</sup>, no obstante, es rebatido con datos por algunos estudiosos como Fernando Molina y Alejandro Quiroga, quienes critican la poca solidez de las acusaciones poniendo de manifiesto el rápido crecimiento del movimiento nacionalista catalán y argumentan que «esta lectura obvia que esas mismas políticas nacionalizadoras estuvieron operando durante tres décadas en las que el respaldo a la independencia estuvo siempre por debajo del 20%. Cuando el secesionismo creció de forma vertiginosa, a partir de 2010, lo hizo en todos los grupos de edad y en todo el espectro ideológico.» (Molina y Quiroga, 2017: 61). Según estos datos aportados por Molina y Quiroga, el adoctrinamiento no tendría influencia en la creación de independentistas en el procés, por lo que este argumento entraría dentro de una de las técnicas de manipulación de masas que describía Timsit referida a la creación de problemas inexistentes para después ofrecer soluciones para éstos.}}</ref><ref name="forti2017">{{cite |last1=Forti |first1=Steven |title=El proceso separatista en Cataluña. Análisis de un pasado reciente (2006-2017) |url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/libro?codigo=698844 |work=Editorial Comares |trans-title=The separatist process in Catalonia. Analysis of a recent past (2006-2017) |isbn=978-84-9045-560-9 |last2=González |first2=Arnau |last3=Ucelay |first3=Enric}}</ref><ref name="muroquiroga2005">{{cite journal |last1=Muro |first1=Diego |last2=Quiroga |first2=Alejandro |date=March 1, 2005 |title=Spanish nationalism: Ethnic or civic? |url=https://hal.science/hal-00571834/document |journal=Ethnicities |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=23-24 |doi=10.1177/1468796805049922}}</ref><ref name="Latorre2">{{cite news |last=Latorre |first=Eloi |date=2017-11-05 |title=“Niños llorando” o la construcción mediática del "adoctrinamiento" escolar en Catalunya |language=es |trans-title="Crying children" or the media construction of school "indoctrination" in Catalonia |work=[[El Salto (newspaper)|ElSalto]] |url=https://www.elsaltodiario.com/medios/ninos-llorando-o-la-construccion-mediatica-del-adoctrinamiento-escolar-en-catalunya |access-date=2023-03-27 |issn=2530-5913}}</ref><ref name="Suarez2">{{cite web |last=Suarez |first=Gonzalo |date=16 October 2017 |title=Los españolistas catalanes salen del armario: "Ya hemos pagado la hipoteca franquista" |trans-title=The Catalan Spanishists supporters come out of the closet: "We have already paid the Francoist mortage" |url=https://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2017/10/16/59e23d2922601d543b8b45ef.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016014515/https://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2017/10/16/59e23d2922601d543b8b45ef.html |archive-date=2017-10-16 |access-date=2023-03-29 |language=es |quote=Y ahora, ¿qué? Es el dilema que afrontan los españolistas. Unos, como SCC, optan por mantener la movilización callejera. Otros, como C's, creen que ha sido un movimiento imprescindible, pero puntual. «Las mayorías se demuestran en las urnas», afirma De Páramo. «No podemos manejar la democracia contando manifestantes, sino votos».}}</ref><ref name="Montalar2">{{cite web |last=Montalar |first=M A C |date=9 October 2017 |title=Barcelona: Razia españolista en tiempos de propaganda |trans-title=Barcelona: Spanishist raid in times of propaganda |url=https://arainfo.org/barcelona-razia-espanolista-en-tiempos-de-propaganda/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=arainfo.org |language=es |quote=La SCC es algo así como el alterego españolista de la Assemblea Nacional Catalana (ANC), aunque las dos niegan esta relación tienen algo en común, ambas son asociaciones civiles que trabaja por un objetivo político concreto. En el caso de SCC por defender la españolidad de Catalunya.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carrasco |first=Rafael |last2=Villar |first2=Ernesto |last3=Tejedor |first3=Laura |title=Twitter como herramienta de comunicación política en el contexto del referéndum independentista catalán: asociaciones ciudadanas frente a instituciones públicas |trans-title=Twitter as a political communication tool in the context of Catalan independence referendum: civic associations vs. public institutions |url=https://www.redalyc.org/journal/5525/552557813008/ |journal=ICONO 14 |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=76 |quote=Las cuentas de los grupos que apoyan el referéndum son más de cuatro veces más eficientes que las cuentas del grupo en contra de la consulta. El resultado tiene un aparente sesgo cuantitativo, en el sentido de que la causa independentista cuenta con dos altavoces (Òmnium y ANC) frente a solo una voz activa entre los españolistas (Societat Civil Catalana), pero esta circunstancia no afecta al análisis cualitativo, ya que el hecho de haya dos asociaciones en lugar de una no indica que la masa social sea necesariamente el doble ni que su eficacia deba duplicarse, si tenemos en cuenta que lo que se analiza no es el volumen total de tuits enviados, sino la viralización y eficiencia que éstos logras atendiendo a la fórmula matemática empleada. |via=Redalyc}}</ref> However, there's data pointing out that the most decisive factor in changing children's political views is their social networking revolving around their own parents, children and neighbours.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wilson Daily |first=Ann |last2=Kemmelmeier |first2=Markus |date=April 12, 2019 |title=Youth Perceptions of Voting Participation in the Midst of Catalonia’s Active Struggle for Independence |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0044118X19840965 |journal=Youth & Society |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=21 |doi=10.1177/0044118X19840965 |quote=Notably, the public debate concerning Catalan independence seemed to create distinct atmospheres at different schools. Average school levels of Catalan identification predicted perceived importance of voting in a referendum; that is, students in a school with many Catalan identifying students were more likely to consider voting in a referendum as important—regardless of their level of Catalan identification. While again evidencing the extraordinary nature of the independence debate, this observation is compatible with Hierro’s (2015) finding that Catalan schools help craft student identification with Catalonia, but not with Spain. |via=SAGE}}</ref><ref name="Wong2" /><ref name="hierro">{{cite journal |last1=Hierro |first1=María José |date=2015-06-22 |title=Crafting identities in a multinational context: evidence from Catalonia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nana.12124 |journal=Nations and Nationalism |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=461-482 |doi=10.1111/nana.12124 |quote=The results, which draw on the analysis of a household survey, suggest that more years of schooling makes more likely that individuals develop a dual identity; however, parents' attachment to Catalonia is key in fostering an exclusive identification with Catalonia. Results also suggest that residence in neighbourhoods in which the proportion of natives and immigrants from other regions of Spain favours contact between children from different identity backgrounds is decisive in promoting a more Catalan-oriented identification between second generations.}}</ref> There's also data suggesting that schools can't be the source of the increase of catalan independentism either.<ref name="Wong2" /><ref name="soler" /><ref name="forti2017" /><ref name="Orriols2">{{cite web |last=Orriols |first=Lluís |date=18 October 2017 |title=¿Es la escuela catalana una fábrica de independentistas? |trans-title=Is the Catalan school a factory of independentistas? |url=http://www.eldiario.es/piedrasdepapel/escuela-catalana-fabrica-independentistas_6_698590156.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171104024204/http://www.eldiario.es/piedrasdepapel/escuela-catalana-fabrica-independentistas_6_698590156.html |archive-date=2017-11-04 |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=eldario.es |language=es}}</ref> There has also been a correction from a local section of the political party [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]] regarding a sounded case of alleged indoctrination occurred in [[Sant Andreu de la Barca]]<ref name="Talegon2">{{cite web |last=Talegón |first=Beatriz |date=2021-12-12 |title=El portavoz de CS en Sant Andreu de la Barca afirma que no ha habido adoctrinamiento en el instituto Palau y que «todo fue un malentendido» |trans-title=The CS spokesman in Sant Andreu de la Barca affirms that there has been no indoctrination in the Palau institute and that "it was all a misunderstanding" |url=https://diario16.com/el-portavoz-de-cs-en-sant-andreu-de-la-barca-afirma-que-no-ha-habido-adoctrinamiento-en-el-instituto-palau-y-que-todo-fue-un-malentendido/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=diario16.com |language=es}}</ref><ref name="Albertus2">{{cite web |last=Albertus |first=Joel Carrasco |date=2021-12-12 |title=Ciudadanos rectifica: los maestros de Sant Andreu de la Barca no adoctrinaron |trans-title=Citizens correction: the teachers of Sant Andreu de la Barca did not indoctrinate |url=https://www.elnacional.cat/es/politica/ciutadans-rectifica-los-maestros-de-sant-andreu-de-la-barca-no-adoctrinaron_681617_102.html |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=elnacional.cat |language=es}}</ref> stated in a report of SCC.<ref name="Fernandez2">{{cite web |last=Fernández |first=Antonio |date=27 September 2018 |title=El informe que denuncia cómo se adoctrina en el nacionalismo a los niños catalanes |trans-title=The report that denounces how Catalan children are indoctrinated into nationalism |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/cataluna/2018-09-27/informe-adoctrina-nacionalismo-ninos-catalanes_1622089/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref> Moreover, Catalan public education syllabus depends on the central government of Spain too, whose history syllabus has been modified to accommodate the political views of the elected central government.<ref name="muroquiroga2005" />
+Regarding the alleged instrumentation of public education, this has been a common topic among [[Spanish nationalism|spanishist]] entities.<ref name="Wong2">{{Cite news |last=Wong |first=Alia |date=2017-11-03 |title=Is Catalonia Using Schools as a Political Weapon? |work=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913130636/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/11/is-catalonia-using-schools-as-a-political-weapon/544898/ |archive-date=2018-09-13}}</ref><ref name="soler">{{citation |last=Soler |first=Sergi |title=Los relatos del procés: discurso y propaganda en la política catalana (2012-2017) |date=2019 |url=https://www.academia.edu/42829466/Los_relatos_del_proc%C3%A9s_discurso_y_propaganda_en_la_pol%C3%ADtica_catalana_2012_2017_ |work=[[Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona|UAB]] |pages=55–56 |trans-title=The stories of the process: discourse and propaganda in Catalan politics (2012-2017) |access-date=2023-03-29 |quote=Uno de los argumentos más repetidos por Ciudadanos durante la campaña fue el del adoctrinamiento y la inmersión lingüística en las escuelas catalanas como causante de la situación que se daba en Cataluña [...] Así mismo, SCC, agrupación cercana al partido, lanzaba en junio de 2015 una campaña en contra del adoctrinamiento en las escuelas donde se anima a la ciudadanía a denunciar practicas que se pudiesen considerar de adoctrinamiento, como por ejemplo carteles políticos o prohibiciones de usar alguna de las lenguas oficiales. Algunos periódicos de ámbito nacional como La Razón se hicieron eco de esta campaña.<sup>46</sup>Este argumento sobre el adoctrinamiento como culpable del crecimiento independentista que también defendió el ministro Wert en 2012<sup>47</sup>, no obstante, es rebatido con datos por algunos estudiosos como Fernando Molina y Alejandro Quiroga, quienes critican la poca solidez de las acusaciones poniendo de manifiesto el rápido crecimiento del movimiento nacionalista catalán y argumentan que «esta lectura obvia que esas mismas políticas nacionalizadoras estuvieron operando durante tres décadas en las que el respaldo a la independencia estuvo siempre por debajo del 20%. Cuando el secesionismo creció de forma vertiginosa, a partir de 2010, lo hizo en todos los grupos de edad y en todo el espectro ideológico.» (Molina y Quiroga, 2017: 61). Según estos datos aportados por Molina y Quiroga, el adoctrinamiento no tendría influencia en la creación de independentistas en el procés, por lo que este argumento entraría dentro de una de las técnicas de manipulación de masas que describía Timsit referida a la creación de problemas inexistentes para después ofrecer soluciones para éstos.}}</ref><ref name="forti2017">{{citation |last1=Forti |first1=Steven |title=El proceso separatista en Cataluña. Análisis de un pasado reciente (2006-2017) |url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/libro?codigo=698844 |work=Editorial Comares |trans-title=The separatist process in Catalonia. Analysis of a recent past (2006-2017) |isbn=978-84-9045-560-9 |last2=González |first2=Arnau |last3=Ucelay |first3=Enric}}</ref><ref name="muroquiroga2005">{{cite journal |last1=Muro |first1=Diego |last2=Quiroga |first2=Alejandro |date=March 1, 2005 |title=Spanish nationalism: Ethnic or civic? |url=https://hal.science/hal-00571834/document |journal=Ethnicities |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=23–24 |doi=10.1177/1468796805049922}}</ref><ref name="Latorre2">{{cite news |last=Latorre |first=Eloi |date=2017-11-05 |title="Niños llorando" o la construcción mediática del "adoctrinamiento" escolar en Catalunya |language=es |trans-title="Crying children" or the media construction of school "indoctrination" in Catalonia |work=[[El Salto (newspaper)|ElSalto]] |url=https://www.elsaltodiario.com/medios/ninos-llorando-o-la-construccion-mediatica-del-adoctrinamiento-escolar-en-catalunya |access-date=2023-03-27 |issn=2530-5913}}</ref><ref name="Suarez2">{{cite web |last=Suarez |first=Gonzalo |date=16 October 2017 |title=Los españolistas catalanes salen del armario: "Ya hemos pagado la hipoteca franquista" |trans-title=The Catalan Spanishists supporters come out of the closet: "We have already paid the Francoist mortage" |url=https://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2017/10/16/59e23d2922601d543b8b45ef.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016014515/https://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2017/10/16/59e23d2922601d543b8b45ef.html |archive-date=2017-10-16 |access-date=2023-03-29 |language=es |quote=Y ahora, ¿qué? Es el dilema que afrontan los españolistas. Unos, como SCC, optan por mantener la movilización callejera. Otros, como C's, creen que ha sido un movimiento imprescindible, pero puntual. «Las mayorías se demuestran en las urnas», afirma De Páramo. «No podemos manejar la democracia contando manifestantes, sino votos».}}</ref><ref name="Montalar2">{{cite web |last=Montalar |first=M A C |date=9 October 2017 |title=Barcelona: Razia españolista en tiempos de propaganda |trans-title=Barcelona: Spanishist raid in times of propaganda |url=https://arainfo.org/barcelona-razia-espanolista-en-tiempos-de-propaganda/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=arainfo.org |language=es |quote=La SCC es algo así como el alterego españolista de la Assemblea Nacional Catalana (ANC), aunque las dos niegan esta relación tienen algo en común, ambas son asociaciones civiles que trabaja por un objetivo político concreto. En el caso de SCC por defender la españolidad de Catalunya.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carrasco |first=Rafael |last2=Villar |first2=Ernesto |last3=Tejedor |first3=Laura |title=Twitter como herramienta de comunicación política en el contexto del referéndum independentista catalán: asociaciones ciudadanas frente a instituciones públicas |trans-title=Twitter as a political communication tool in the context of Catalan independence referendum: civic associations vs. public institutions |url=https://www.redalyc.org/journal/5525/552557813008/ |magazine=IconO 14 |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=76 |quote=Las cuentas de los grupos que apoyan el referéndum son más de cuatro veces más eficientes que las cuentas del grupo en contra de la consulta. El resultado tiene un aparente sesgo cuantitativo, en el sentido de que la causa independentista cuenta con dos altavoces (Òmnium y ANC) frente a solo una voz activa entre los españolistas (Societat Civil Catalana), pero esta circunstancia no afecta al análisis cualitativo, ya que el hecho de haya dos asociaciones en lugar de una no indica que la masa social sea necesariamente el doble ni que su eficacia deba duplicarse, si tenemos en cuenta que lo que se analiza no es el volumen total de tuits enviados, sino la viralización y eficiencia que éstos logras atendiendo a la fórmula matemática empleada. |via=Redalyc}}</ref> However, there's data pointing out that the most decisive factor in changing children's political views is their social networking revolving around their own parents, children and neighbours.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wilson Daily |first=Ann |last2=Kemmelmeier |first2=Markus |date=April 12, 2019 |title=Youth Perceptions of Voting Participation in the Midst of Catalonia’s Active Struggle for Independence |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0044118X19840965 |journal=Youth & Society |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=21 |doi=10.1177/0044118X19840965 |quote=Notably, the public debate concerning Catalan independence seemed to create distinct atmospheres at different schools. Average school levels of Catalan identification predicted perceived importance of voting in a referendum; that is, students in a school with many Catalan identifying students were more likely to consider voting in a referendum as important—regardless of their level of Catalan identification. While again evidencing the extraordinary nature of the independence debate, this observation is compatible with Hierro’s (2015) finding that Catalan schools help craft student identification with Catalonia, but not with Spain. |via=SAGE}}</ref><ref name="Wong2" /><ref name="hierro">{{cite journal |last1=Hierro |first1=María José |date=2015-06-22 |title=Crafting identities in a multinational context: evidence from Catalonia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nana.12124 |journal=Nations and Nationalism |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=461–482 |doi=10.1111/nana.12124 |quote=The results, which draw on the analysis of a household survey, suggest that more years of schooling makes more likely that individuals develop a dual identity; however, parents' attachment to Catalonia is key in fostering an exclusive identification with Catalonia. Results also suggest that residence in neighbourhoods in which the proportion of natives and immigrants from other regions of Spain favours contact between children from different identity backgrounds is decisive in promoting a more Catalan-oriented identification between second generations.}}</ref> There's also data suggesting that schools can't be the source of the increase of Catalan independentism either.<ref name="Wong2" /><ref name="soler" /><ref name="forti2017" /><ref name="Orriols2">{{cite web |last=Orriols |first=Lluís |date=18 October 2017 |title=¿Es la escuela catalana una fábrica de independentistas? |trans-title=Is the Catalan school a factory of independentistas? |url=http://www.eldiario.es/piedrasdepapel/escuela-catalana-fabrica-independentistas_6_698590156.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171104024204/http://www.eldiario.es/piedrasdepapel/escuela-catalana-fabrica-independentistas_6_698590156.html |archive-date=2017-11-04 |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=eldario.es |language=es}}</ref> There has also been a correction from a local section of the political party [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]] regarding a sound case of alleged indoctrination occurred in [[Sant Andreu de la Barca]]<ref name="Talegon2">{{cite web |last=Talegón |first=Beatriz |date=2021-12-12 |title=El portavoz de CS en Sant Andreu de la Barca afirma que no ha habido adoctrinamiento en el instituto Palau y que "todo fue un malentendido" |trans-title=The CS spokesman in Sant Andreu de la Barca affirms that there has been no indoctrination in the Palau institute and that "it was all a misunderstanding" |url=https://diario16.com/el-portavoz-de-cs-en-sant-andreu-de-la-barca-afirma-que-no-ha-habido-adoctrinamiento-en-el-instituto-palau-y-que-todo-fue-un-malentendido/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=diario16.com |language=es}}</ref><ref name="Albertus2">{{cite web |last=Albertus |first=Joel Carrasco |date=2021-12-12 |title=Ciudadanos rectifica: los maestros de Sant Andreu de la Barca no adoctrinaron |trans-title=Citizens correction: the teachers of Sant Andreu de la Barca did not indoctrinate |url=https://www.elnacional.cat/es/politica/ciutadans-rectifica-los-maestros-de-sant-andreu-de-la-barca-no-adoctrinaron_681617_102.html |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=elnacional.cat |language=es}}</ref> stated in a report of SCC.<ref name="Fernandez2">{{cite web |last=Fernández |first=Antonio |date=27 September 2018 |title=El informe que denuncia cómo se adoctrina en el nacionalismo a los niños catalanes |trans-title=The report that denounces how Catalan children are indoctrinated into nationalism |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/cataluna/2018-09-27/informe-adoctrina-nacionalismo-ninos-catalanes_1622089/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref> Moreover, Catalan public education syllabus depends on the central government of Spain too, whose history syllabus has been modified to accommodate the political views of the elected central government.<ref name="muroquiroga2005" />
-And yet, numerous and abundant publications echo the existence of data that attest to the indoctrination and instrumentalization of Catalan schools in favor of the Catalan nationalist and pro-independence ideology.<ref name="linguistic ideology">{{cite journal |last1=Vann |first1=Robert E. |title=Language Exposure in Catalonia:  An example of indoctrinating linguistic ideology |journal=Word |date=15 May 2015 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00437956.1999.11432488 |access-date=15 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="Catalan schools">{{cite news |last1=The Local |title=Catalan schools accused of indoctrinating children with pro-independence ideas |url=https://www.thelocal.es/20180504/catalan-schools-accused-of-indoctrinating-children-with-pro-independence-ideas |access-date=4 May 2018 |agency=The Local Es |publisher=The Local}}</ref><ref name="linguistic immersion in Catalonia">{{cite news |last1=Open Kat |title=Further links of indoctrination and linguistic inmmersion in Catalonia |url=https://openkat.eu/further-links-of-indoctrination-and-linguistic-immersion-in-catalonia/ |access-date=25 December 2021 |agency=Open Kat |publisher=Open Kat}}</ref><ref name="school textbooks">{{cite news |last1=Manning |first1=Joshua |title=Teachers' union in Catalonia denounces pro-independence indoctrination in school textbooks |url=https://euroweeklynews.com/2022/06/21/teachers-union-in-catalonia-denounces-pro-independence-indoctrination-in-school-textbooks/ |access-date=21 June 2022 |agency=Euroweekly News |publisher=Euroweekly News}}</ref><ref name="école et indépendantisme">{{cite news |last1=Williams |first1=Andréane |title=Quand l'espoir d'un pays naît à l'école |url=https://plus.lapresse.ca/screens/00b6f01a-438c-42c7-aac1-ae50ab268980__7C___0.html?utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=Internal%2BShare&utm_content=Screen |access-date=24 December 2018 |agency=La Presse + |publisher=La Presse +}}</ref><ref name="Ministerio de Educación">{{cite news |last1=Alvarez |first1=Pilar |title=Educación amplía las advertencias a los colegios por 'adoctrinamiento' |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2017/10/11/actualidad/1507709848_675482.html |access-date=11 October 2017 |agency=El País |publisher=El País}}</ref>
+And yet, numerous and abundant publications echo the existence of data that attest to the indoctrination and instrumentalization of Catalan schools in favor of the Catalan nationalist and pro-independence ideology.<ref name="linguistic ideology">{{cite journal |last1=Vann |first1=Robert E. |title=Language Exposure in Catalonia:  An example of indoctrinating linguistic ideology |journal=Word |date=15 May 2015 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00437956.1999.11432488 |access-date=15 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="Catalan schools">{{cite news |last1=The Local |title=Catalan schools accused of indoctrinating children with pro-independence ideas |url=https://www.thelocal.es/20180504/catalan-schools-accused-of-indoctrinating-children-with-pro-independence-ideas |access-date=4 May 2018 |agency=The Local Es |publisher=The Local}}</ref><ref name="linguistic immersion in Catalonia">{{cite news |last1=Open Kat |title=Further links of indoctrination and linguistic inmmersion in Catalonia |url=https://openkat.eu/further-links-of-indoctrination-and-linguistic-immersion-in-catalonia/ |access-date=25 December 2021 |agency=Open Kat |publisher=Open Kat}}</ref><ref name="school textbooks">{{cite news |last1=Manning |first1=Joshua |title=Teachers' union in Catalonia denounces pro-independence indoctrination in school textbooks |url=https://euroweeklynews.com/2022/06/21/teachers-union-in-catalonia-denounces-pro-independence-indoctrination-in-school-textbooks/ |access-date=21 June 2022 |agency=Euroweekly News |publisher=Euroweekly News}}</ref><ref name="école et indépendantisme">{{cite news |last1=Williams |first1=Andréane |title=Quand l'espoir d'un pays naît à l'école |url=https://plus.lapresse.ca/screens/00b6f01a-438c-42c7-aac1-ae50ab268980__7C___0.html |access-date=24 December 2018 |agency=La Presse + |publisher=La Presse +}}</ref><ref name="Ministerio de Educación">{{cite news |last1=Alvarez |first1=Pilar |title=Educación amplía las advertencias a los colegios por 'adoctrinamiento' |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2017/10/11/actualidad/1507709848_675482.html |access-date=11 October 2017 |agency=El País |publisher=El País}}</ref>
-[[Javier Barraycoa]], former member of SCC and founder of [[Somatemps]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-nega-que-javier-barraycoa-sigui-soci-fundador-de-lentitat|title=SCC nega que Javier Barraycoa sigui soci fundador de l'entitat|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012325/http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-nega-que-javier-barraycoa-sigui-soci-fundador-de-lentitat|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/opinion/2014/04/22/5356be48ca4741e4118b4587.html|title=Emerge la Cataluña silenciada|last=Barraycoa|first=Javier|date=2014-04-22|work=Elmundo|access-date=2018-04-01|language=es|archive-date=2018-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402101404/http://www.elmundo.es/opinion/2014/04/22/5356be48ca4741e4118b4587.html|url-status=live}}</ref> has claimed that SCC received funding from the [[Government of Spain|central government of Spain]] to support the pro-union demonstrations of the 8th and 12 October 2017.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/dirigent-somatemps-denuncia-financament-madrid-organitzar-manifestacions-scc|title=Un dirigent de Somatemps denuncia finançament de Madrid per a manifestacions de SCC|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329112116/http://elmon.cat/politica/dirigent-somatemps-denuncia-financament-madrid-organitzar-manifestacions-scc|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web|url=https://www.elnacional.cat/es/sociedad/somatemps-asegura-que-el-gobierno-del-pp-financio-manif_241782_102.html|title=Somatemps asegura que el gobierno español financió manifestaciones unionistas|website=ElNacional.cat|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329184357/https://www.elnacional.cat/es/sociedad/somatemps-asegura-que-el-gobierno-del-pp-financio-manif_241782_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Renfe Operadora|RENFE]] subsidized 50% of the cost of 245 train tickets for the [[National Day of Catalonia|Diada]] public act of SCC on September 11, 2014 in [[Tarragona]].<ref name=":60" /> [[Josep Alsina]] has claimed that SCC receives grants from the [[Juan Boscán Almogáver|Joan Boscà]] Foundation to which Catalan businesses has provided funding.<ref name=":18">{{Cite news|title=Sobre Tabarnia y Sociedad Civil Catalana — La Tribuna de Cartagena|language=es|work=La Tribuna de Cartagena|url=http://latribunadecartagena.com/not/4679/sobre-tabarnia-y-sociedad-civil-catalana/|access-date=2018-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409145836/http://latribunadecartagena.com/not/4679/sobre-tabarnia-y-sociedad-civil-catalana/|archive-date=2018-04-09}}</ref>
+[[Javier Barraycoa]], former member of SCC and founder of [[Somatemps]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-nega-que-javier-barraycoa-sigui-soci-fundador-de-lentitat|title=SCC nega que Javier Barraycoa sigui soci fundador de l'entitat|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012325/http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-nega-que-javier-barraycoa-sigui-soci-fundador-de-lentitat|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.elmundo.es/opinion/2014/04/22/5356be48ca4741e4118b4587.html|title=Emerge la Cataluña silenciada|last=Barraycoa|first=Javier|date=2014-04-22|work=Elmundo|access-date=2018-04-01|language=es|archive-date=2018-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402101404/http://www.elmundo.es/opinion/2014/04/22/5356be48ca4741e4118b4587.html|url-status=live}}</ref> has claimed that SCC received funding from the [[Government of Spain|central government of Spain]] to support the pro-union demonstrations of the 8th and 12 October 2017.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/dirigent-somatemps-denuncia-financament-madrid-organitzar-manifestacions-scc|title=Un dirigent de Somatemps denuncia finançament de Madrid per a manifestacions de SCC|last=Món|first=El|work=El Món|access-date=2018-03-29|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329112116/http://elmon.cat/politica/dirigent-somatemps-denuncia-financament-madrid-organitzar-manifestacions-scc|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web|url=https://www.elnacional.cat/es/sociedad/somatemps-asegura-que-el-gobierno-del-pp-financio-manif_241782_102.html|title=Somatemps asegura que el gobierno español financió manifestaciones unionistas|website=ElNacional.cat|access-date=2018-03-29|archive-date=2018-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329184357/https://www.elnacional.cat/es/sociedad/somatemps-asegura-que-el-gobierno-del-pp-financio-manif_241782_102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Renfe Operadora|RENFE]] subsidized 50% of the cost of 245 train tickets for the [[National Day of Catalonia|Diada]] public act of SCC on September 11, 2014, in [[Tarragona]].<ref name=":60" /> [[Josep Alsina]] has claimed that SCC receives grants from the [[Juan Boscán Almogáver|Joan Boscà]] Foundation to which Catalan businesses has provided funding.<ref name=":18">{{Cite news|title=Sobre Tabarnia y Sociedad Civil Catalana — La Tribuna de Cartagena|language=es|work=La Tribuna de Cartagena|url=http://latribunadecartagena.com/not/4679/sobre-tabarnia-y-sociedad-civil-catalana/|access-date=2018-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409145836/http://latribunadecartagena.com/not/4679/sobre-tabarnia-y-sociedad-civil-catalana/|archive-date=2018-04-09}}</ref>
 The Spanish online newspaper [[Público (Spain)|Público]] claims the balance sheet presented by SCC “lacks [[Transparency (behavior)|transparency]]” given that whilst SCC has only 75 members and 4,000 collaborators SCC, it managed to collect  one million euros in funding in 2014.<ref name=":60" /> The members only account for 1.5% of money contributions. Another 1.5% comes from gathering posts and urns. The rest, 97%, comes from private donations. However, audits have found no indication of wrongdoing. [[:ca:Félix Revuelta Fernández|Félix Revuelta]], founder and principal stakeholder of [[:es:Naturhouse|Naturhouse]], stated that he and many other businessmen provided financial support to SCC.
-Journalist in pro-independence media claim that a fringe pro-union organisation  [[Somatemps]], to some SCC members have links, is a ‘far-right’ organisation as it opposes Catalan secession.<ref name=":16" /><ref name=":522" /><ref name=":17" /><ref name=":8">{{Cite news|date=2017-11-07|title=Felicitaciones a Sociedad Civil Catalana por su nuevo Presidente: José Rosiñol|language=es-ES|url=https://somatemps.me/2017/11/07/felicitaciones-a-sociedad-civil-catalana-por-su-nuevo-presidente-jose-rosinol/|access-date=2018-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408102725/https://somatemps.me/2017/11/07/felicitaciones-a-sociedad-civil-catalana-por-su-nuevo-presidente-jose-rosinol/|archive-date=2014-04-08}}</ref> They claim that [[Josep Ramon Bosch]],<ref name=":522" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Món|first=El|title=SCC convoca una manifestació en defensa de la bandera espanyola a Sabadell|language=en|work=El Món|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-se-suma-manifestacio-convocada-somatemps-divendres-sabadell|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012301/http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-se-suma-manifestacio-convocada-somatemps-divendres-sabadell|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":18" /><ref name=":10">{{Cite news|last=NacióDigital|title=Societat Civil reconeix que Bosch va assistir a un acte de la Fundació Franco|language=ca|url=https://www.naciodigital.cat/noticia/83854/societat/civil/reconeix/bosch/va/assistir/acte/fundacio/franco|access-date=2018-03-31|archive-date=2018-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331111556/https://www.naciodigital.cat/noticia/83854/societat/civil/reconeix/bosch/va/assistir/acte/fundacio/franco|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Xavier Codorniu]],<ref name=":16" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Un fundador de SCC va cridar lemes franquistes davant de la seu d'ERC durant una concentració ultra|language=ca|work=El Temps|url=https://www.eltemps.cat/article/2224/fundador-scc-cridar-lemes-franquistes-erc-xavier-codorniu|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=2018-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329121048/https://www.eltemps.cat/article/2224/fundador-scc-cridar-lemes-franquistes-erc-xavier-codorniu|url-status=live}}</ref> [[José Domingo Domingo|José Domingo]],<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=Jordi Borràs posa en evidència José Domingo, secretari de SCC|url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-posa-en-evidencia-jose-domingo-de-scc/|access-date=2018-03-29|website=VilaWeb.cat|language=ca|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012837/https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-posa-en-evidencia-jose-domingo-de-scc/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Ferran Brunet]]<ref name=":14" /><ref name=":11">{{Cite web|last=Cazorla|first=Bertran|date=2014-11-08|title=Exposen una revista negacionista en un centre cívic de Barcelona durant un acte de Somatemps|url=https://directa.cat/actualitat/exposen-una-revista-negacionista-en-un-centre-civic-de-barcelona-durant-un-acte-de|access-date=2018-03-31|website=Directa|language=ca-ES|archive-date=2018-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331173259/https://directa.cat/actualitat/exposen-una-revista-negacionista-en-un-centre-civic-de-barcelona-durant-un-acte-de|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Joaquim Coll]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=del Pueblo|first=Las Voces|date=2014-07-26|title=Orella considera de "suicida" no responder con medidas contundentes y definitivas a la amenaza separatista en Cataluña|url=http://deprueba.lasvocesdelpueblo.com/orella-considera-de-suicida-no-responder-con-medidas-contundentes-y-definitivas-a-la-amenaza-separatista-en-cataluna/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425000156/http://deprueba.lasvocesdelpueblo.com/orella-considera-de-suicida-no-responder-con-medidas-contundentes-y-definitivas-a-la-amenaza-separatista-en-cataluna/|archive-date=2018-04-25|website=Las Voces del Pueblo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=del Pueblo|first=Las Voces|date=2014-07-26|title=Somatemps (Historiadores Debaten Sobre "El Futuro de Cataluña")|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngZiCEBEbig|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927223406/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngZiCEBEbig|archive-date=2017-09-27|website=YouTube}}</ref> have attended or taken part in events from organisations they label as [[Far-right politics|far-right]]: Somatemps, [[Platform for Catalonia|PxC]], [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]], [[National Francisco Franco Foundation]], [[National Democracy (Spain)|National Democracy]] and [[Republican Social Movement]].<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":9" /><ref name=":11" /> They indicate neo-nazi groups have attended mass demonstrations organized by the SCC, even though SCC condemns violence and has clarified it cannot control who attends in their demonstrations.<ref>{{Cite news|title=La extrema derecha aprovecha el conflicto catalán para reactivarse|language=es|work=eldiario.es|url=https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/fachada-espanolismo_0_710779708.html|access-date=2018-09-10|quote=¿Quiénes han sido los agresores? En algunos casos la Policía los ha identificado con entidades de la extrema derecha, que han participado activamente en las marchas constitucionalistas organizadas por Sociedad Civil Catalana (SCC). Pero no todos responden al perfil clásico de neonazi. Desde esta asociación se desmarcan y condenan estos sucesos. Reconocen, además, que no pueden controlarlos.|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116091647/https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/fachada-espanolismo_0_710779708.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+Journalist in pro-independence media claim that a fringe pro-union organisation  [[Somatemps]], to some SCC members have links, is a ‘far-right’ organisation as it opposes Catalan secession.<ref name=":16" /><ref name=":522" /><ref name=":17" /><ref name=":8">{{Cite news|date=2017-11-07|title=Felicitaciones a Sociedad Civil Catalana por su nuevo Presidente: José Rosiñol|language=es-ES|url=https://somatemps.me/2017/11/07/felicitaciones-a-sociedad-civil-catalana-por-su-nuevo-presidente-jose-rosinol/|access-date=2018-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408102725/https://somatemps.me/2017/11/07/felicitaciones-a-sociedad-civil-catalana-por-su-nuevo-presidente-jose-rosinol/|archive-date=2018-04-08}}</ref> They claim that [[Josep Ramon Bosch]],<ref name=":522" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Món|first=El|title=SCC convoca una manifestació en defensa de la bandera espanyola a Sabadell|language=en|work=El Món|url=http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-se-suma-manifestacio-convocada-somatemps-divendres-sabadell|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012301/http://elmon.cat/politica/scc-se-suma-manifestacio-convocada-somatemps-divendres-sabadell|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":18" /><ref name=":10">{{Cite news|last=NacióDigital|title=Societat Civil reconeix que Bosch va assistir a un acte de la Fundació Franco|language=ca|url=https://www.naciodigital.cat/noticia/83854/societat/civil/reconeix/bosch/va/assistir/acte/fundacio/franco|access-date=2018-03-31|archive-date=2018-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331111556/https://www.naciodigital.cat/noticia/83854/societat/civil/reconeix/bosch/va/assistir/acte/fundacio/franco|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Xavier Codorniu]],<ref name=":16" /><ref>{{Cite news|title=Un fundador de SCC va cridar lemes franquistes davant de la seu d'ERC durant una concentració ultra|language=ca|work=El Temps|url=https://www.eltemps.cat/article/2224/fundador-scc-cridar-lemes-franquistes-erc-xavier-codorniu|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=2018-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329121048/https://www.eltemps.cat/article/2224/fundador-scc-cridar-lemes-franquistes-erc-xavier-codorniu|url-status=live}}</ref> [[José Domingo Domingo|José Domingo]],<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=Jordi Borràs posa en evidència José Domingo, secretari de SCC|url=https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-posa-en-evidencia-jose-domingo-de-scc/|access-date=2018-03-29|website=VilaWeb.cat|language=ca|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330012837/https://www.vilaweb.cat/noticies/jordi-borras-posa-en-evidencia-jose-domingo-de-scc/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Ferran Brunet]]<ref name=":14" /><ref name=":11">{{Cite web|last=Cazorla|first=Bertran|date=2014-11-08|title=Exposen una revista negacionista en un centre cívic de Barcelona durant un acte de Somatemps|url=https://directa.cat/actualitat/exposen-una-revista-negacionista-en-un-centre-civic-de-barcelona-durant-un-acte-de|access-date=2018-03-31|website=Directa|language=ca-ES|archive-date=2018-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331173259/https://directa.cat/actualitat/exposen-una-revista-negacionista-en-un-centre-civic-de-barcelona-durant-un-acte-de|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Joaquim Coll]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=del Pueblo|first=Las Voces|date=2014-07-26|title=Orella considera de "suicida" no responder con medidas contundentes y definitivas a la amenaza separatista en Cataluña|url=http://deprueba.lasvocesdelpueblo.com/orella-considera-de-suicida-no-responder-con-medidas-contundentes-y-definitivas-a-la-amenaza-separatista-en-cataluna/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425000156/http://deprueba.lasvocesdelpueblo.com/orella-considera-de-suicida-no-responder-con-medidas-contundentes-y-definitivas-a-la-amenaza-separatista-en-cataluna/|archive-date=2018-04-25|website=Las Voces del Pueblo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=del Pueblo|first=Las Voces|date=2014-07-26|title=Somatemps (Historiadores Debaten Sobre "El Futuro de Cataluña")|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngZiCEBEbig|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927223406/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngZiCEBEbig|archive-date=2017-09-27|website=YouTube}}</ref> have attended or taken part in events from organisations they label as [[Far-right politics|far-right]]: Somatemps, [[Platform for Catalonia|PxC]], [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]], [[National Francisco Franco Foundation]], [[National Democracy (Spain)|National Democracy]] and [[Republican Social Movement]].<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":9" /><ref name=":11" /> They indicate neo-nazi groups have attended mass demonstrations organized by the SCC, even though SCC condemns violence and has clarified it cannot control who attends in their demonstrations.<ref>{{Cite news|title=La extrema derecha aprovecha el conflicto catalán para reactivarse|language=es|work=eldiario.es|url=https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/fachada-espanolismo_0_710779708.html|access-date=2018-09-10|quote=¿Quiénes han sido los agresores? En algunos casos la Policía los ha identificado con entidades de la extrema derecha, que han participado activamente en las marchas constitucionalistas organizadas por Sociedad Civil Catalana (SCC). Pero no todos responden al perfil clásico de neonazi. Desde esta asociación se desmarcan y condenan estos sucesos. Reconocen, además, que no pueden controlarlos.|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116091647/https://www.eldiario.es/catalunya/fachada-espanolismo_0_710779708.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 In 2015 Catalan separatist parties [[Esquerra Republicana|ERC]] and [[Convergence and Union|CiU]], together with the Catalan Green party [[Initiative for Catalonia Greens|ICV]], sent a joint letter to Socialist MEP [[Sylvie Guillaume|Sylvie Gillaume]], then vice-president of the [[European Parliament]], protesting the awarding of [[European Citizens' Prize|European Citizen's Price]] to Societat Civil Catalana. In the letter, they claimed that the SCC has links with Catalan far-right groups and promotes [[Xenophobia|xenophobe]] and extremist ideas. However, SCC received the award in February 2015, triggering another protest letter. Socialist MEP Gillaume dismissed this second letter, arguing that the award had already obtained approval at the Spanish and EU levels with the support from representatives from PP, PSOE, and UPyD. In her award ceremony speech, Ms. Guillaume stressed that the award was given in particular to the fight against fascism and in favor of freedom of expression, tolerance and intercultural dialogue.<ref name="European Citizen's prize">{{cite web |last1=European Parliament |title=European Citizen's prize 2014 |url=https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/video/european-citizens-prize-2014-extracts-from-the-diploma-ceremony-with-sylvie-guillaume-ep-vice-president-sd-fr-_I099239 |website=europarl.europa.eu |publisher=European Parliament |access-date=1 January 2015}}</ref> Members of the European Parliament from PSOE and PP [[Ramón Jáuregui|Ramón Jaúregui]] and [[Santiago Fisas]] were decisive in the argument to dismiss the accusations.<ref name=":0" /> [[Parliament of Catalonia|Catalan Parliament]], under the control of separatist groups, accepted a proposal from ICV to file a complaint to the European Parliament. PP, PSC and Citizens voted against the proposal, while ICV-EUiA, ERC, CUP and CiU supported the proposal.<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |title=Jáuregui y Fisas han sido claves para que Sociedad Civil Catalana recibiera el premio Ciudadano Europeo |language=es |work=El Confidencial Digital |url=https://www.elconfidencialdigital.com/politica/Jauregui-Sociedad-Catalana-Ciudadano-Europeo_0_2455554445.html |url-status=live |access-date=2018-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401212956/https://www.elconfidencialdigital.com/politica/Jauregui-Sociedad-Catalana-Ciudadano-Europeo_0_2455554445.html |archive-date=2018-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=ICV propone elevar una queja a la Eurocámara por premiar a Societat Civil |language=es |work=Elmundo |url=http://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2015/03/10/54ff1bf4e2704e034e8b4571.html |url-status=live |access-date=2018-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401213340/http://www.elmundo.es/cataluna/2015/03/10/54ff1bf4e2704e034e8b4571.html |archive-date=2018-04-01}}</ref>
-In January 2019, a court of law in Barcelona ruled that several pro-independence associations and politicians had to pay a 15,000 € fine for a manifesto published in 2015 which falsely accused SCC of having ties to Nazism and the extreme-right groups.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Periódico |first=El |date=2019-01-10 |title=Condenan a varias entidades por vulnerar el derecho al honor de Societat Civil Catalana |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190110/condenan-varias-entidades-por-delito-contra-honor-societat-civil-catalana-7238287 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202041741/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190110/condenan-varias-entidades-por-delito-contra-honor-societat-civil-catalana-7238287 |archive-date=2019-02-02 |access-date=2019-02-01 |website=elperiodico |language=es}}</ref><ref name="abc.es">{{Cite web |date=2019-01-09 |title=Obligan a indemnizar a Societat Civil Catalana por vincularla a la extrema derecha |url=https://www.abc.es/espana/catalunya/politica/abci-obligan-indemnizar-societat-civil-catalana-vincularla-extrema-derecha-201901091948_noticia.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202042330/https://www.abc.es/espana/catalunya/politica/abci-obligan-indemnizar-societat-civil-catalana-vincularla-extrema-derecha-201901091948_noticia.html |archive-date=2019-02-02 |access-date=2019-02-01 |website=abc |language=es}}</ref> The court also ruled that the defendants should stop making similar defamatory accusations in the future.<ref name=":6" />
+In January 2019, a court of law in Barcelona ruled that several pro-independence associations and politicians had to pay a €15,000  fine for a manifesto published in 2015 which falsely accused SCC of having ties to Nazism and the extreme-right groups.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Periódico |first=El |date=2019-01-10 |title=Condenan a varias entidades por vulnerar el derecho al honor de Societat Civil Catalana |url=https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190110/condenan-varias-entidades-por-delito-contra-honor-societat-civil-catalana-7238287 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202041741/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/politica/20190110/condenan-varias-entidades-por-delito-contra-honor-societat-civil-catalana-7238287 |archive-date=2019-02-02 |access-date=2019-02-01 |website=elperiodico |language=es}}</ref><ref name="abc.es">{{Cite web |date=2019-01-09 |title=Obligan a indemnizar a Societat Civil Catalana por vincularla a la extrema derecha |url=https://www.abc.es/espana/catalunya/politica/abci-obligan-indemnizar-societat-civil-catalana-vincularla-extrema-derecha-201901091948_noticia.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202042330/https://www.abc.es/espana/catalunya/politica/abci-obligan-indemnizar-societat-civil-catalana-vincularla-extrema-derecha-201901091948_noticia.html |archive-date=2019-02-02 |access-date=2019-02-01 |website=abc |language=es}}</ref> The court also ruled that the defendants should stop making similar defamatory accusations in the future.<ref name=":6" />
 == See also ==

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Catalonia