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{{Short description|Genus of carnivores}}
{{italictitle}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Taxobox
| name = Mountain coatis
| image = Ulisse Aldrovandi - Mountain Coati.jpg
| image = Ulisse Aldrovandi - Mountain Coati.jpg
| image_caption = [[Western mountain coati]], ''Nasuella olivacea''
| image_caption = [[Western mountain coati]], ''Nasuella olivacea''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| taxon = Nasuella
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| authority = [[Ned Hollister|Hollister]], 1915
| type_species = ''[[Nasuella meridensis|Nasua olivacea meridensis]]'' <ref>{{MSW3|id=14001644}}</ref>
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| type_species_authority = Thomas, 1901
| ordo = [[Carnivora]]
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| familia = [[Procyonidae]]
| genus = '''''Nasuella'''''
| genus_authority = [[Ned Hollister|Hollister]], 1915
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision =
| subdivision =
⚫
*''[[Nasuella olivacea]]''
*''[[Nasuella meridensis]]''
*''[[Nasuella meridensis]]''
⚫
*''[[Nasuella olivacea]]''
| range_map = Mountain Coati area.png
| range_map = Mountain Coati area.png
| range_map_caption = Approximate combined range of the two mountain coatis}}
| range_map_caption = Approximate combined range of the two mountain coatis}}


'''Mountain coatis''' are two species of [[Procyonidae|procyonid]] mammals from the genus '''''Nasuella'''''. Unlike the larger coatis from the genus ''[[Nasua]]'', mountain coatis only weigh {{convert|1|-|1.5|kg|lb}} and are [[Endemism|endemic]] to the north [[Andean]] highlands in [[South America]].<ref name=HBW>Kays, R. (2009). Mountain coati (Nasuella olivacea). p. 528 in: Wilson, D. E., and [[Russell Mittermeier|R. A. Mittermeier]], eds (2009). ''[[Handbook of the Mammals of the World]].'' Vol. 1. Carnivores. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 978-84-96553-49-1</ref><ref name=IUCN>{{IUCN2010|assessors=Reid, F. & Helgen, K.|year=2008|id=14357|title=Nasuella olivacea|downloaded=14 February 2011|version=2010.4}}</ref> Until recently only a single species with three [[subspecies]] was recognized.<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 | id=14001644}}</ref> In 2009 this species was split into two species, the [[eastern mountain coati]] (''N. meridensis'') from [[Venezuela]], and the [[western mountain coati]] (''N. olivacea'', with subspecies ''quitensis'') from [[Colombia]] and [[Ecuador]].<ref name=split>Helgen, K. M., R. Kays, L. E. Helgen, M. T. N. Tsuchiya-Jerep, C. M. Pinto, K. P. Koepfli, E. Eizirik, and J. E. Maldonado (2009). ''Taxonomic boundaries and geographic distributions revealed by an integrative systematic overview of the mountain coatis, Nasuella (Carnivora: Procyonidae).'' Small Carnivore Conservation. 41: 65–74</ref> A population discovered in southern [[Peru]] (about {{convert|1000|km|abbr=on|disp=or}} south of the previous distribution limit) has tentatively been identified as the western mountain coati, but may represent an [[undescribed taxon]].<ref>Pacheco, V., R. Cadenillas, E. Salas, C. Tello, and H. Zeballos (2009). ''Diversidad y endemismo de los mamíferos del Perú/Diversity and endemism of Peruvian mammals.'' Rev. Peru. Biol. 16(1): 005- 032</ref>
'''Mountain coatis''' are two species of [[Procyonidae|procyonid]] mammals from the genus '''''Nasuella'''''. Unlike the larger [[coati]]s from the genus ''[[Nasua]]'', mountain coatis only weigh {{convert|1.0|-|1.5|kg|lb}} and are [[endemic]] to the north [[Andean]] highlands in South America.<ref name=HBW>{{cite book |author=Kays, R. |year=2009 |contribution=Mountain coati (''Nasuella olivacea'') |page=528 |editor1=Wilson, D. E. |editor2=Mittermeier R. A. |editor2-link=Russell Mittermeier |title=[[Handbook of the Mammals of the World]] |volume=1, Carnivores |publisher=Lynx Edicions |location=Barcelona |ISBN=978-84-96553-49-1}}</ref><ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=González-Maya, J.F. |author2=Reid, F. |author3=Helgen, K. |date=2016 |title=''Nasuella olivacea'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T72261737A45201571 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T72261737A45201571.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>

==Genetics and taxonomy==
⚫
[[Genetics|Genetic]] evidence indicates that the genus ''Nasua'' is only [[monophyletic]] if it also includes the mountain coatis. Based on [[cytochrome b]] sequences, ''[[Nasua nasua]]'' is the [[sister taxon]] to a [[clade]] consisting of ''[[Nasua narica]]'' plus both species of ''Nasuella''.<ref name=split/>

Until recently only a single species with three [[subspecies]] was recognized.<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 | id=14001644}}</ref> In 2009 this species was split into two species, the [[eastern mountain coati]] (''N. meridensis'') from [[Venezuela]], and the [[western mountain coati]] (''N. olivacea'', with subspecies ''quitensis'') from [[Colombia]] and [[Ecuador]].<ref name=split>{{cite journal |last=Helgen |first=K. M. |author2=Kays, R. |author3=Helgen, L. E. |author4=Tsuchiya-Jerep, M. T. N. |author5=Pinto, C. M. |author6=Koepfli, K. P. |author7=Eizirik, E. |author8=Maldonado, J. E. |title=Taxonomic boundaries and geographic distributions revealed by an integrative systematic overview of the mountain coatis, ''Nasuella'' (Carnivora: Procyonidae) |journal=Small Carnivore Conservation |volume=41 |pages=65–74 |date=August 2009 |access-date=2013-08-20 |url=http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/1/14/SCC41_Helgen_et_al_2009.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116135219/http://www.smallcarnivoreconservation.org/sccwiki/images/1/14/SCC41_Helgen_et_al_2009.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-16 }}</ref>
After a genetic analysis in 2020, the [[American Society of Mammalogists]] currently considers ''N. meridensis'' a synonym of ''N. olivacea''.<ref>Ruiz-García, M., Jaramillo, M. F., Cáceres-Martínez, C. H., & Shostell, J. M. (2020). The phylogeographic structure of the mountain coati (Nasuella olivacea; Procyonidae, Carnivora), and its phylogenetic relationships with other coati species (Nasua nasua and Nasua narica) as inferred by mitochondrial DNA. Mammalian Biology, 1-28.</ref>
{{Clade|style=width:35em;
|label1=Coatis&nbsp;&nbsp;
|1={{Clade
|1={{Clade
|1={{Clade
|1=''[[Nasua narica]]''
}}
|2={{Clade
|1=''[[Nasuella meridensis]]''
|2=''[[Nasuella olivacea]]''
}}
}}
|2=''[[Nasua nasua]]''
}}}}

==Range and description==
⚫
Externally, the two species of mountain coatis are quite similar, but the eastern mountain coati is overall smaller, somewhat shorter-tailed on average, has markedly smaller teeth, a paler [[Olive (colour)|olive]]-brown [[pelage]], and usually a dark mid-dorsal stripe on the back (versus more [[rufous|rufescent]] or blackish, and usually without a dark mid-dorsal stripe in the western mountain coati).<ref name=split/> Both are found in [[cloud forest]] and [[páramo]]; at altitudes of {{convert|2000|-|4000|m|ft}} for the eastern mountain coati, and {{convert|1300|-|4250|m|ft}} for the western mountain coati.<ref name=split/>


A population discovered in southern [[Peru]] (more than {{convert|1000|km|abbr=on|disp=or}} south of the previous distribution limit) has tentatively been identified as the western mountain coati, but may represent an [[undescribed taxon]].<ref>Pacheco, V., R. Cadenillas, E. Salas, C. Tello, and H. Zeballos (2009). ''Diversidad y endemismo de los mamíferos del Perú/Diversity and endemism of Peruvian mammals.'' Rev. Peru. Biol. 16(1): 5-32.</ref>
⚫
Externally the two species of mountain coatis are quite similar, but the eastern mountain coati is overall smaller, somewhat shorter-tailed on average, has markedly smaller teeth, a paler [[Olive (colour)|olive]]-brown [[pelage]], and usually a dark mid-dorsal stripe on the back (versus more [[rufous|rufescent]] or blackish, and usually without a dark mid-dorsal stripe in the western mountain coati).<ref name=split/> Both are found in [[cloud forest]] and [[paramo]]; at altitudes of {{convert|2000|-|4000|m|ft}} for the eastern mountain coati, and {{convert|1300|-|4250|m|ft}} for the western mountain coati.<ref name=split/>


==Rare and little known==
⚫
They are very poorly known, and the "combined species" (when only one species was recognized) has been classified as [[data deficient]] by the [[IUCN]].<ref name=IUCN/> Their behavior largely appears to resemble that of the better-known ''[[Nasua]]'' coatis, although the mountain coatis feed less on fruit.<ref name=HBW/><ref name=trophic>Rodríguez-Bolaños, A., A. Cadena, and P. Sánchez (2000). ''Trophic characteristics in social groups of the Mountain coati, Nasuella olivacea (Carnivora: Procyonidae).'' Small Carnivore Conservation 23: 1–6.</ref> Unlike the ''Nasua'' coatis, mountain coatis are very rare in captivity. Among [[International Species Information System|ISIS]] registered institutions, only three [[zoo]]s (all in USA) reported that they had mountain coatis in early 2011,<ref>[[International Species Information System|ISIS]] (2011). ''[https://app.isis.org/abstracts/Abs75057.asp#1.0 Mountain coati.]'' Version 12 January 2011.</ref> but at least one of these appears to be a case of misidentification.<ref name=Bioparque>WildlifeExtra (September 2010). ''[http://www.wildlifeextra.com/go/news/mountain-coati.html First ever Mountain coati in captivity in Colombia.]'' Downloaded on 14 February 2011.</ref> A mountain coati that was confiscated from [[Poaching|poachers]] is kept at Bioparque la Reserva in [[Cota, Colombia]].<ref name=Bioparque/>
They are very poorly known, and the "combined species" (when only one species was recognized) has been classified as [[data deficient]] by the [[IUCN]].<ref name=IUCN/> Their behavior largely appears to resemble that of the better-known ''[[Nasua]]'' coatis, although the mountain coatis feed less on fruit.<ref name=HBW/><ref name=trophic>Rodríguez-Bolaños, A., A. Cadena, and P. Sánchez (2000). ''Trophic characteristics in social groups of the Mountain coati, Nasuella olivacea (Carnivora: Procyonidae).'' Small Carnivore Conservation 23: 1–6.</ref>


⚫
Unlike the ''Nasua'' coatis, mountain coatis are very rare in captivity. Among [[International Species Information System|ISIS]] registered institutions, only three [[zoo]]s (all in the USA) reported that they had mountain coatis in early 2011,<ref>{{cite web |website=[[International Species Information System|ISIS]] |year=2011 |url=https://app.isis.org/abstracts/Abs75057.asp#1.0 |title=Mountain coati |access-date=12 January 2011}}</ref> but at least one of these appears to be a case of misidentification.<ref name=Bioparque>{{cite news |website=WildlifeExtra |date=September 2010 |url=http://www.wildlifeextra.com/go/news/mountain-coati.html |title=First ever Mountain coati in captivity in Colombia |access-date=14 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402132408/http://www.wildlifeextra.com/go/news/mountain-coati.html |archive-date=2 April 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A mountain coati that was confiscated from [[Poaching|poachers]] is kept at Bioparque la Reserva in [[Cota, Cundinamarca|Cota]], Colombia.<ref name=Bioparque/>
⚫
[[Genetics|Genetic]] evidence suggests the genus ''Nasua'' only is [[monophyletic]] if it also includes the mountain coatis.<ref name=split/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [[ARKive]] (2010). ''[http://www.arkive.org/mountain-coati/nasuella-olivacea/image-G104223.html Nasuella olivacea in Ecuador.]'' Photo by Nigel Simpson/[[Fundación de Conservación Jocotoco|Jocotoco Foundation]].
* [[ARKive]] (2010). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20120823114532/http://www.arkive.org/mountain-coati/nasuella-olivacea/image-G104223.html Nasuella olivacea in Ecuador.]'' Photo by Nigel Simpson/[[Fundación de Conservación Jocotoco|Jocotoco Foundation]].


{{Carnivora|C.}}
{{Carnivora|C.}}
{{Musteloidea|Mea.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2895094}}


[[Category:Procyonidae]]
[[Category:Coatis]]
[[Category:Carnivoran genera]]
[[Category:Páramo fauna]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Ned Hollister]]

Latest revision as of 02:17, 5 November 2024

Nasuella
Western mountain coati, Nasuella olivacea
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Procyonidae
Subtribe: Nasuina
Genus: Nasuella
Hollister, 1915
Type species
Nasua olivacea meridensis [1]
Thomas, 1901
Species
Approximate combined range of the two mountain coatis

Mountain coatis are two species of procyonid mammals from the genus Nasuella. Unlike the larger coatis from the genus Nasua, mountain coatis only weigh 1.0–1.5 kilograms (2.2–3.3 lb) and are endemic to the north Andean highlands in South America.[2][3]

Genetics and taxonomy

[edit]

Genetic evidence indicates that the genus Nasua is only monophyletic if it also includes the mountain coatis. Based on cytochrome b sequences, Nasua nasua is the sister taxon to a clade consisting of Nasua narica plus both species of Nasuella.[4]

Until recently only a single species with three subspecies was recognized.[5] In 2009 this species was split into two species, the eastern mountain coati (N. meridensis) from Venezuela, and the western mountain coati (N. olivacea, with subspecies quitensis) from Colombia and Ecuador.[4] After a genetic analysis in 2020, the American Society of Mammalogists currently considers N. meridensis a synonym of N. olivacea.[6]

Coatis  

Range and description

[edit]

Externally, the two species of mountain coatis are quite similar, but the eastern mountain coati is overall smaller, somewhat shorter-tailed on average, has markedly smaller teeth, a paler olive-brown pelage, and usually a dark mid-dorsal stripe on the back (versus more rufescent or blackish, and usually without a dark mid-dorsal stripe in the western mountain coati).[4] Both are found in cloud forest and páramo; at altitudes of 2,000–4,000 metres (6,600–13,100 ft) for the eastern mountain coati, and 1,300–4,250 metres (4,270–13,940 ft) for the western mountain coati.[4]

A population discovered in southern Peru (more than 1,000 km or 620 mi south of the previous distribution limit) has tentatively been identified as the western mountain coati, but may represent an undescribed taxon.[7]

Rare and little known

[edit]

They are very poorly known, and the "combined species" (when only one species was recognized) has been classified as data deficient by the IUCN.[3] Their behavior largely appears to resemble that of the better-known Nasua coatis, although the mountain coatis feed less on fruit.[2][8]

Unlike the Nasua coatis, mountain coatis are very rare in captivity. Among ISIS registered institutions, only three zoos (all in the USA) reported that they had mountain coatis in early 2011,[9] but at least one of these appears to be a case of misidentification.[10] A mountain coati that was confiscated from poachers is kept at Bioparque la Reserva in Cota, Colombia.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ a b Kays, R. (2009). "Mountain coati (Nasuella olivacea)". In Wilson, D. E.; Mittermeier R. A. (eds.). Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 1, Carnivores. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. p. 528. ISBN 978-84-96553-49-1.
  3. ^ a b González-Maya, J.F.; Reid, F.; Helgen, K. (2016). "Nasuella olivacea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T72261737A45201571. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T72261737A45201571.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d Helgen, K. M.; Kays, R.; Helgen, L. E.; Tsuchiya-Jerep, M. T. N.; Pinto, C. M.; Koepfli, K. P.; Eizirik, E.; Maldonado, J. E. (August 2009). "Taxonomic boundaries and geographic distributions revealed by an integrative systematic overview of the mountain coatis, Nasuella (Carnivora: Procyonidae)" (PDF). Small Carnivore Conservation. 41: 65–74. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2013-08-20.
  5. ^ Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  6. ^ Ruiz-García, M., Jaramillo, M. F., Cáceres-Martínez, C. H., & Shostell, J. M. (2020). The phylogeographic structure of the mountain coati (Nasuella olivacea; Procyonidae, Carnivora), and its phylogenetic relationships with other coati species (Nasua nasua and Nasua narica) as inferred by mitochondrial DNA. Mammalian Biology, 1-28.
  7. ^ Pacheco, V., R. Cadenillas, E. Salas, C. Tello, and H. Zeballos (2009). Diversidad y endemismo de los mamíferos del Perú/Diversity and endemism of Peruvian mammals. Rev. Peru. Biol. 16(1): 5-32.
  8. ^ Rodríguez-Bolaños, A., A. Cadena, and P. Sánchez (2000). Trophic characteristics in social groups of the Mountain coati, Nasuella olivacea (Carnivora: Procyonidae). Small Carnivore Conservation 23: 1–6.
  9. ^ "Mountain coati". ISIS. 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2011.
  10. ^ a b "First ever Mountain coati in captivity in Colombia". WildlifeExtra. September 2010. Archived from the original on 2 April 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2011.
[edit]
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