Khelyulya: Difference between revisions
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'''Khelyulya''' ({{ |
'''Khelyulya''' ({{langx|ru|Хелю́ля}}; {{langx|fi|Helylä}}) is an [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|urban locality]] (an [[urban-type settlement]]) under the administrative jurisdiction of the [[city of federal subject significance|town of republic significance]] of [[Sortavala]] in the [[Republic of Karelia]], [[Russia]], located on the [[Tokhma River]], {{convert|278|km|sp=us}} west of [[Petrozavodsk]], the [[capital city|capital]] of the republic. As of the [[Russian Census (2010)|2010 Census]], its population was 2,793.<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The village was first mentioned in the scribe book of the Korelsky uyezd (Vodskaya Pyatina) Dmitry Kitaev 1500: «the village of Gelyulya on the river on Gelyulya».<ref>{{Cite web |title=Приладожье в 1500 году |url=http://www.kirjazh.spb.ru/biblio/jukov/jukov0.htm |
The village was first mentioned in the scribe book of the Korelsky uyezd (Vodskaya Pyatina) Dmitry Kitaev 1500: «the village of Gelyulya on the river on Gelyulya».<ref>{{Cite web |title=Приладожье в 1500 году |url=http://www.kirjazh.spb.ru/biblio/jukov/jukov0.htm |website=www.kirjazh.spb.ru |language=ru}}</ref> In 1641, when this territory was under the control of [[Sweden]], the first Christian church was built in Khelyulya (burned down already in 1657). |
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=== In the Russian Empire === |
=== In the Russian Empire === |
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In 1811, the Vyborg province became part of the [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] (which became part of [[Russia]] in 1809). Khelyulya was part of the Serdobolsky district. |
In 1811, the Vyborg province became part of the [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] (which became part of [[Russia]] in 1809). Khelyulya was part of the Serdobolsky district. |
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In 1915, the construction of a factory for the manufacture of furniture, including school furniture, as well as children's toys made of wood, began in Khelyul. (Helylä O.Y.). At the same time, a sawmill belonging to the factory was built. In 1916, the new company began its work. That year, 220,000 pairs of ski poles were manufactured at the factory for the Russian military department.<ref>{{Cite web |title=А. О. ХЕЛЮЛЯ |url=http://museum-sortavala.ru/public/26-fabrikahelyla |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304124502/http://museum-sortavala.ru/public/26-fabrikahelyla |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Печи в доме на Вокзальной ул. в Хелюля. |url=http://terijoki.spb.ru/pechi/trk_pechi.php?item=148 |
In 1915, the construction of a factory for the manufacture of furniture, including school furniture, as well as children's toys made of wood, began in Khelyul. (Helylä O.Y.). At the same time, a sawmill belonging to the factory was built. In 1916, the new company began its work. That year, 220,000 pairs of ski poles were manufactured at the factory for the Russian military department.<ref>{{Cite web |title=А. О. ХЕЛЮЛЯ |url=http://museum-sortavala.ru/public/26-fabrikahelyla |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304124502/http://museum-sortavala.ru/public/26-fabrikahelyla |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Печи в доме на Вокзальной ул. в Хелюля. |url=http://terijoki.spb.ru/pechi/trk_pechi.php?item=148 |website=terijoki.spb.ru |language=ru}}</ref> By that time, in Khelyul, the railway and the postal tract passed almost under the walls of the workshops. |
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=== Finland (1917-1940) === |
=== Finland (1917-1940) === |
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Khelyula was one of the 66 villages<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sortavalan maalaiskunta |url=http://www.sortavala.fi/sortavala/sortavalan-maalaiskunta |
Khelyula was one of the 66 villages<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sortavalan maalaiskunta |url=http://www.sortavala.fi/sortavala/sortavalan-maalaiskunta |website=www.sortavala.fi |language=fi}}</ref> of Sortavala parish. |
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In the 1920s and early 1930s, the main customer of Helylä Oy products was the state. During these years Helylä Oy was the largest woodworking enterprise in Finland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tupatöllin tarinoita I — Halosenniemen emäntä Maija Halonen |url=http://sivustot.tuusula.fi/museot/halosenniemi/tekstisivu.tmpl?numero=386531328 |url-status= |
In the 1920s and early 1930s, the main customer of Helylä Oy products was the state. During these years Helylä Oy was the largest woodworking enterprise in Finland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tupatöllin tarinoita I — Halosenniemen emäntä Maija Halonen |url=http://sivustot.tuusula.fi/museot/halosenniemi/tekstisivu.tmpl?numero=386531328 |url-status=}}{{deadlink|date=September 2023}}</ref> The capital of the association was 4 million marks, the number of workers was about 300 people. A total of 80 families lived in Khelyulya in the apartments of the combine, and the rest — in their own houses on the territory of the village and on nearby farms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=СМЛК |url=http://helyla.onego.ru/smlk.html |website=helyla.onego.ru |language=ru}}</ref> |
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=== The war period === |
=== The war period === |
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In 1939, the |
In 1939, after the [[shelling of Mainila]] the Soviet Union began hostilities against [[Finland]]. After three months of fighting, a [[Moscow Peace Treaty|peace treaty]] was concluded between the countries, according to which the territory on which the settlement was located was ceded to the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]. The Finnish population was evacuated to the Finnish cities of [[Oulu]] and [[Kokkola]]. In their place, settlers were settled, primarily from [[Belarus]] and the [[Vologda Oblast]]. |
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In 1940, the administrative division of the received territory was carried out. Khelyulya entered the Rautakangassky village Council. A collective farm named after him was created in Khelyul. Telman. |
In 1940, the administrative division of the received territory was carried out. Khelyulya entered the Rautakangassky village Council. A collective farm named after him was created in Khelyul. Telman. |
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In 1941, with the outbreak of the [[Nazi Germany|German]] war in alliance with [[Finland]] against the [[Soviet Union|USSR]], Finnish troops regained control of the territory of Khelyul and the area of [[Sortavala]] and held it until September 1944. In 1941, Finnish immigrants also began to return. After the end of the [[Continuation War|Soviet-Finnish War of 1941-1944]] on September 19, 1944, according to the [[Moscow Armistice]], the [[Moscow Peace Treaty|Moscow Treaty of 1940]] was restored — Khelyulya was again transferred to the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]. In September, the second evacuation of the peaceful Finnish population from Sortavala took place. On September 22, 1944, the last train with refugees departed from Sortavala station.<ref>{{Cite web |title=22 сентября 1944, Heninen.net |url=http://heninen.net/sortavala/historia/22_09_1944/ |
In 1941, with the outbreak of the [[Nazi Germany|German]] war in alliance with [[Finland]] against the [[Soviet Union|USSR]], Finnish troops regained control of the territory of Khelyul and the area of [[Sortavala]] and held it until September 1944. In 1941, Finnish immigrants also began to return. After the end of the [[Continuation War|Soviet-Finnish War of 1941-1944]] on September 19, 1944, according to the [[Moscow Armistice]], the [[Moscow Peace Treaty|Moscow Treaty of 1940]] was restored — Khelyulya was again transferred to the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]. In September, the second evacuation of the peaceful Finnish population from Sortavala took place. On September 22, 1944, the last train with refugees departed from Sortavala station.<ref>{{Cite web |title=22 сентября 1944, Heninen.net |url=http://heninen.net/sortavala/historia/22_09_1944/ |website=heninen.net}}</ref> |
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=== The USSR === |
=== The USSR === |
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In May 1945, the first echelon of collective farmers of the Sortavala district arrived in Sortavala, returned from the [[Vologda Oblast]], where they had been evacuated in 1941.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Сортавальский район |url=http://rkna.ru/index.php?option=com_morfeoshow&task=view&gallery=22 |url-status= |
In May 1945, the first echelon of collective farmers of the Sortavala district arrived in Sortavala, returned from the [[Vologda Oblast]], where they had been evacuated in 1941.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Сортавальский район |url=http://rkna.ru/index.php?option=com_morfeoshow&task=view&gallery=22 |url-status=}}{{deadlink|date=September 2023}}, ГУ «Национальный архив Республики Карелия»</ref> In July 1945, work began on clearing and putting in order the steam power plant and the power plant of the Khelyul furniture factory. Due to the lack of technological equipment, the first [[Stool (seat)|stools]] and tables were made by hand. By the end of February 1946, the production of skis began, in March the first chairs were made.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Сортавальский район |url=http://archives.karelia.ru/index.php?option=com_morfeoshow&task=view&gallery=22 |url-status=}}{{deadlink|date=September 2023}}</ref> |
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In March 1958, the Khelyul and Sortaval furniture factories were merged into the Sortaval Furniture and Ski Factory.<ref>''Судаков В.'' Сортавальский мебельно-лыжный: Хроника ускорения. — Петрозаводск: Карелия, 1987. — 64 с.: ил.</ref> |
In March 1958, the Khelyul and Sortaval furniture factories were merged into the Sortaval Furniture and Ski Factory.<ref>''Судаков В.'' Сортавальский мебельно-лыжный: Хроника ускорения. — Петрозаводск: Карелия, 1987. — 64 с.: ил.</ref> |
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== Attractions == |
== Attractions == |
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* The mass grave of 366 Soviet soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Братская могила советских воинов |url=http://monuments.karelia.ru/ob-ekty-kul-turnogo-nasledija/kniga-velikaja-otechestvennaja-vojna-v-karelii-pamjatniki-i-pamjatnye-mesta/stat-i-ob-ob-ektah-voenno-istoricheskogo-nasledija/sortaval-skij-rajon/bratskaja-mogila-sovetskih-voinov-6/ |
* The mass grave of 366 Soviet soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Братская могила советских воинов |url=http://monuments.karelia.ru/ob-ekty-kul-turnogo-nasledija/kniga-velikaja-otechestvennaja-vojna-v-karelii-pamjatniki-i-pamjatnye-mesta/stat-i-ob-ob-ektah-voenno-istoricheskogo-nasledija/sortaval-skij-rajon/bratskaja-mogila-sovetskih-voinov-6/ |website=monuments.karelia.ru |language=ru}}</ref> In 1981, a monument was erected on the mass grave — a granite figure of a grieving mother.<ref>Великая Отечественная война в Карелии: памятники и памятные места. — Петрозаводск, 2015. — 334 с.: ил.</ref> |
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* A memorial sign on the site of the first Christian church, destroyed in 1657. |
* A memorial sign on the site of the first Christian church, destroyed in 1657. |
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* Near the village, on a [[Paasonvuori|mountain with rocky slopes]] — ''the ancient Karelian settlement of Paaso'' (the settlement existed in the XII—XIII centuries).<ref>{{Cite web |title=27.07.2006 — Завершаются раскопки городища древних карелов на горе Паасо |url=http://www.gov.karelia.ru/News/2006/07/0727_10.html |
* Near the village, on a [[Paasonvuori|mountain with rocky slopes]] — ''the ancient Karelian settlement of Paaso'' (the settlement existed in the XII—XIII centuries).<ref>{{Cite web |title=27.07.2006 — Завершаются раскопки городища древних карелов на горе Паасо |url=http://www.gov.karelia.ru/News/2006/07/0727_10.html |website=www.gov.karelia.ru |language=ru}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Latest revision as of 09:56, 30 October 2024
Khelyulya
Хелюля | |
|---|---|
 Aerial view at the settlement in July 2022 | |
Location of Khelyulya  | |
  Khelyulya Location of Khelyulya  Khelyulya Khelyulya (Karelia) | |
| Coordinates: 61°45′N 30°41′E / 61.750°N 30.683°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Karelia[1] |
| Urban-type settlement status since | 1972 |
| Population | |
• Total | 2,793 |
| • Subordinated to | town of republic significance of Sortavala[1] |
| • Municipal district | Sortavalsky Municipal District[3] |
| • Urban settlement | Sortavalsky Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Sortavalsky Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (UTC+03:00  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 186760 |
| OKTMO ID | 86610165051 |
| 2010 Census | 2,793[2] |
|---|---|
| 2002 Census | 3,166[7] |
| 1989 Census | 3,727[8] |
| 1979 Census | 3,231[9] |
Khelyulya (Russian: Хелю́ля; Finnish: Helylä) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Sortavala in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the Tokhma River, 278 kilometers (173 mi) west of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 2,793.[2]
History
[edit]The village was first mentioned in the scribe book of the Korelsky uyezd (Vodskaya Pyatina) Dmitry Kitaev 1500: «the village of Gelyulya on the river on Gelyulya».[10] In 1641, when this territory was under the control of Sweden, the first Christian church was built in Khelyulya (burned down already in 1657).
In the Russian Empire
[edit]From 1700 to 1721, the Tsardom of Russia and Sweden fought a war for supremacy in the Baltic. As a result, according to the Treaty of Nystad of 1721, all of Old Finland was ceded to Russia. The Vyborg Province was formed on the recaptured territory.
In July 1766, the first quarry was laid on the island of Joensuu, a month later they began to break marble in Ruskeala. From 1769 to the middle of the XIX century, the delivery of marble from Ruskeala to St. Petersburg in winter was carried out overland from the quarries to the pier in the village of Gelyulya (Khelyulya).[11]
«About 30 versts are considered to reach the pier, located on the Gelule, from the Ruskalskaya breakage, through which marble is transported by dry route, which is worth a lot of labor and dependency»., academician N. Ya. Ozeretskovsky, «A journey through the Ladoga and Onega Lakes» (1785).
In 1811, the Vyborg province became part of the Grand Duchy of Finland (which became part of Russia in 1809). Khelyulya was part of the Serdobolsky district.
In 1915, the construction of a factory for the manufacture of furniture, including school furniture, as well as children's toys made of wood, began in Khelyul. (Helylä O.Y.). At the same time, a sawmill belonging to the factory was built. In 1916, the new company began its work. That year, 220,000 pairs of ski poles were manufactured at the factory for the Russian military department.[12][13] By that time, in Khelyul, the railway and the postal tract passed almost under the walls of the workshops.
Finland (1917-1940)
[edit]Khelyula was one of the 66 villages[14] of Sortavala parish.
In the 1920s and early 1930s, the main customer of Helylä Oy products was the state. During these years Helylä Oy was the largest woodworking enterprise in Finland.[15] The capital of the association was 4 million marks, the number of workers was about 300 people. A total of 80 families lived in Khelyulya in the apartments of the combine, and the rest — in their own houses on the territory of the village and on nearby farms.[16]
The war period
[edit]In 1939, after the shelling of Mainila the Soviet Union began hostilities against Finland. After three months of fighting, a peace treaty was concluded between the countries, according to which the territory on which the settlement was located was ceded to the USSR. The Finnish population was evacuated to the Finnish cities of Oulu and Kokkola. In their place, settlers were settled, primarily from Belarus and the Vologda Oblast.
In 1940, the administrative division of the received territory was carried out. Khelyulya entered the Rautakangassky village Council. A collective farm named after him was created in Khelyul. Telman.
In 1941, with the outbreak of the German war in alliance with Finland against the USSR, Finnish troops regained control of the territory of Khelyul and the area of Sortavala and held it until September 1944. In 1941, Finnish immigrants also began to return. After the end of the Soviet-Finnish War of 1941-1944 on September 19, 1944, according to the Moscow Armistice, the Moscow Treaty of 1940 was restored — Khelyulya was again transferred to the USSR. In September, the second evacuation of the peaceful Finnish population from Sortavala took place. On September 22, 1944, the last train with refugees departed from Sortavala station.[17]
The USSR
[edit]In May 1945, the first echelon of collective farmers of the Sortavala district arrived in Sortavala, returned from the Vologda Oblast, where they had been evacuated in 1941.[18] In July 1945, work began on clearing and putting in order the steam power plant and the power plant of the Khelyul furniture factory. Due to the lack of technological equipment, the first stools and tables were made by hand. By the end of February 1946, the production of skis began, in March the first chairs were made.[19]
In March 1958, the Khelyul and Sortaval furniture factories were merged into the Sortaval Furniture and Ski Factory.[20]
In 1972, Khelyulya received the status of an urban-type settlement.
Economy
[edit]Industry
[edit]In Soviet times, a large furniture and ski factory operated in the village, which produced the famous «Sortavala» skis. Now there are several small production facilities on its base, the largest of which is the factory for the production of plastic skis of «Sortavala Ski Factory» LLC and the production of «Raptek» fishing lures of the Finnish company «Rapala». Also near the village there is a Sortavala crushing and screening plant (production of crushed stone from granite mined at a local quarry).
Culture
[edit]The village has a secondary school №7 and a kindergarten. There is also its own sports complex, a football stadium and a house of culture. The Tohmajoki River is popular with fishing and water sports enthusiasts.
Administrative and municipal status
[edit]Within the framework of administrative divisions, the urban-type settlement of Khelyulya is subordinated to the town of republic significance of Sortavala.[1] From December 2004 to July 2020, as a municipal division, Khelyulya, together with two rural localities, was part of Sortavalsky Municipal District[3] as Khelyulskoye Urban Settlement.[21]
Attractions
[edit]- The mass grave of 366 Soviet soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War.[22] In 1981, a monument was erected on the mass grave — a granite figure of a grieving mother.[23]
- A memorial sign on the site of the first Christian church, destroyed in 1657.
- Near the village, on a mountain with rocky slopes — the ancient Karelian settlement of Paaso (the settlement existed in the XII—XIII centuries).[24]
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 86 410 565», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 86 410 565, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК 033-2013 1 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код 86 610». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology. #OK 033-2013 January 1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code 86 610. ).
- ^ a b Law #813-ZRK
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
- ^ "Приладожье в 1500 году". www.kirjazh.spb.ru (in Russian).
- ^ "История добычи карельского мрамора для Исаакиевского собора" (in Russian). Archived from the original on November 3, 2016.
- ^ "А. О. ХЕЛЮЛЯ". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
- ^ "Печи в доме на Вокзальной ул. в Хелюля". terijoki.spb.ru (in Russian).
- ^ "Sortavalan maalaiskunta". www.sortavala.fi (in Finnish).
- ^ "Tupatöllin tarinoita I — Halosenniemen emäntä Maija Halonen".[dead link]
- ^ "СМЛК". helyla.onego.ru (in Russian).
- ^ "22 сентября 1944, Heninen.net". heninen.net.
- ^ "Сортавальский район".[dead link], ГУ «Национальный архив Республики Карелия»
- ^ "Сортавальский район".[dead link]
- ^ Судаков В. Сортавальский мебельно-лыжный: Хроника ускорения. — Петрозаводск: Карелия, 1987. — 64 с.: ил.
- ^ Закон Республики Карелия от 03.07.2020 № 2483-ЗРК «О преобразовании муниципальных образований „Сортавальское городское поселение“ и „Хелюльское городское поселение“ Сортавальского муниципального района Республики Карелия и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Республики Карелия»
- ^ "Братская могила советских воинов". monuments.karelia.ru (in Russian).
- ^ Великая Отечественная война в Карелии: памятники и памятные места. — Петрозаводск, 2015. — 334 с.: ил.
- ^ "27.07.2006 — Завершаются раскопки городища древних карелов на горе Паасо". www.gov.karelia.ru (in Russian).
Sources
[edit]- Законодательное Собрание Республики Карелия. Закон №813-ЗРК от 1 ноября 2004 г. «О городских, сельских поселениях в Республике Карелия», в ред. Закона №1694-ЗРK от 2 апреля 2013 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований "Нюхчинское сельское поселение" и "Сумпосадское сельское поселение" Беломорского муниципального района и внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Карелия». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: газета "Карелия", №124, 126, 129, 132, 135, 136, 139, 4 ноября — 9 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Karelia. Law #813-ZRK of November 1, 2004 On the Urban, Rural Settlements in the Republic of Karelia, as amended by the Law #1694-ZRK of April 2, 2013 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of "Nyukhchinskoye Rural Settlement" and "Sumposadskoye Rural Settlement" of Belomorsky Municipal District of the Republic of Karelia and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Republic of Karelia. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the day of the official publication.).
External links
[edit]