Pink cockatoo: Difference between revisions

Vigors
Pink cockatoo
	Pink cockatoo with its crest raised in New South Wales, Australia
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Psittaciformes
Family:	Cacatuidae
Genus:	Cacatua
Subgenus:	Lophochroa; Bonaparte, 1857
Species:	C. leadbeateri
Binomial name
	Cacatua leadbeateri; (Vigors, 1831)
Subspecies
	C. (L.). l. leadbeateri (Vigors, 1831); C. (L.). l. mollis (Mathews, 1912)
	Pink cockatoo range (in red)
Synonyms
	Plyctolophus leadbeateri Vigors, 1831; Plyctolophus erythropterus Swainson, 1837; Lophochroa leadbeateri;

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The pink cockatoo (Cacatua leadbeateri), also known as Major Mitchell's cockatoo or Leadbeater's cockatoo, is a medium-sized cockatoo that inhabits arid and semi-arid inland areas across Australia, with the exception of the north east.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Taxonomy and naming

Irish naturalist Nicholas Aylward Vigors described the species in 1831 as Plyctolophus leadbeateri.^[6] The scientific name commemorates the London naturalist and taxidermist Benjamin Leadbeater, who had given Vigors what would become the type specimen.^[7] Edward Lear painted it in his 1832 work Illustrations of the Family of Psittacidae, or Parrots.^[8] Citing Lear, William Swainson gave it the name Plyctolophus erythropterus.^[9]

The pink cockatoo is more closely related to Cacatua than is the galah. Its lineage diverged around the time of or shortly after the acquisition of the long crest; probably the former as this crest type is not found in all Cacatua cockatoos, so must have been present in an early or incipient stage at the time of the divergence of the pink cockatoo's ancestors. Like the galah, this species has not lost the ability to deposit diluted pigment dyes in its body plumage, although it does not produce melanin colouration anymore, resulting in a lighter bird overall compared to the galah. Indeed, disregarding the crest, the pink cockatoo looks almost like a near-leucistic version of that species. Another indication of the early divergence of this species from the "white" cockatoo lineage is the presence of features found otherwise only in corellas, such as its plaintive yodeling cry, as well as others which are unique to pink and the true white cockatoos, for example the large crest and rounded wing shape.^[10]

In 2023, this species was reclassified into the genus Cacatua by the International Ornithological Congress; although it represents a very basal member of the clade, it shares close morphological, behavioural, and vocal features to other members of the genus. Due to this, the former genus Lophochroa may be better considered a monotypic subgenus of Cacatua.^[10]^[11]^[12]

Prior to 2023, "Major Mitchell's cockatoo" was designated the official name for this species by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).^[13] "Pink cockatoo" was its official name (with Major Mitchell as an alternative) in the 1926 official RAOU checklist, and was reinstated as the official name in 2023 following the IOC's taxonomic change.^[14] The bird became linked to Major Thomas Mitchell after he described the species in glowing terms in his books on his expeditions, calling it the "cockatoo of the interior". Mitchell himself called it the red-top cockatoo. Before this John Gould had called it Leadbeater's cockatoo (derived from the species name) in 1848,^[7] as had Lear in 1832.^[8] Gould added that people of the Swan River Colony called it pink cockatoo, and recorded an indigenous name Jak-kul-yak-kul.^[15] Other names include desert cockatoo, and chockalott, chock-a-lock, joggle-joggle, and wee juggler, the last anglicised from the Wiradjuri wijugla.^[7] In Central Australia south of Alice Springs, the Pitjantjatjara term is kakalyalya.^[16] Names recorded from South Australia include kukkalulla (Kokatha dialect of Western Desert language), nkuna and ungkuna (Arrernte), yangkunnu (Barngarla), and yangwina (Wirangu),^[17] and yel-le-lek (from the Wimmera), and cal-drin-ga (from the lower Murray).^[18]

BirdLife Australia officially renamed Major Mitchell's cockatoo back to pink cockatoo in 2023, due to Mitchell's involvement in the massacre of Aboriginal people at Mount Dispersion and a general trend to make species names more culturally inclusive.^[4]

Description

The pink cockatoo has a soft-textured white and salmon-pink plumage and large, bright red and yellow crest.^[19] Its former name referenced Major Thomas Mitchell, who wrote, "Few birds more enliven the monotonous hues of the Australian forest than this beautiful species whose pink-coloured wings and flowing crest might have embellished the air of a more voluptuous region."^[20] Pink cockatoo females and males are almost identical. The males are usually bigger. The female has a broader yellow stripe on the crest and develop a red eye when mature.^[21]

Reproduction and lifespan

The bird reaches sexual maturity around 3–4 years old. The oldest recorded pink cockatoo died at 83 years old.^[22]

Distribution and habitat

In contrast to those of the galah, populations of pink cockatoos have declined rather than increased as a result of man-made changes to the arid interior of Australia. Where galahs readily occupy cleared and part-cleared land, pink cockatoos require extensive woodlands, particularly favouring conifers (Callitris spp.), sheoak (Allocasuarina spp.) and eucalypts. Unlike other cockatoos, pink cockatoo pairs will not nest close to one another, so they cannot tolerate fragmented, partly cleared habitats, and their range is contracting.

In the Mallee region of Victoria where the galah and pink cockatoo can be found to be nesting in the same area, the two species have interbred and produced hybridised offspring occasionally.^[23]

The pink cockatoo is usually found in pairs or small groups, and feeds both on the ground and in trees.^[5]

Conservation status

Australia

The pink cockatoo is listed as endangered under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.^[24]

Victoria

The pink cockatoo is listed as a threatened species on the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988).^[25] Under this Act, an Action Statement for the recovery and future management of this species has been prepared.^[26]
On the 2013 advisory list of threatened vertebrate fauna in Victoria, this species is listed as vulnerable.^[27]

Aviculture

"Cookie" was a pink cockatoo and a beloved resident of Illinois' Brookfield Zoo near Chicago from the time the zoo opened in 1934 until his death on 27 August 2016. Cookie was 83 years old and he had been retired from public display since 2009 due to ill health prior to his death.

Gallery

"Plyctolophus leadbeateri, Leadbeater's Cockatoo" in Lear's influential 1832 monograph.
Cookie, a cockatoo that lived to be 83 years old, housed in the Brookfield Zoo^[28]
In flight

References

^ BirdLife International (2018). "Cacatua leadbeateri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22684767A131914793. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22684767A131914793.en. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
^ Australian Biological Resources Study (29 February 2012). "Subspecies Lophochroa leadbeateri leadbeateri (Vigors, 1831)". Australian Faunal Directory. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australian Government. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
^ "Master Lists – IOC World Bird List". worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
^ ^a ^b Stafford, Andrew (16 September 2023). "What's in a name? The renaming of the pink cockatoo is no small thing in Australia's violent history". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
^ ^a ^b Joseph M. Forshaw (2010). Parrots of the World. Princeton University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-1400836208.
^ Vigors, Nicholas Aylward (1831). "April 26, 1831". Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London. 1–2: 61. Archived from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Gray, Jeannie; Fraser, Ian (2013). Australian Bird Names: A Complete Guide. Collingwood, VIC, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. pp. 124, 128–130. ISBN 9780643104709.
^ ^a ^b Lear, Edward (1832). Illustrations of the Family of Psittacidae, or Parrots. London: Self. p. Pl. 5. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
^ Swainson, William John (1837). On the Natural History and Classification of Birds. Vol. 2. London: Longman. p. 302. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
^ ^a ^b Brown, D.M. & Toft, C.A. (1999): Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). Auk 116(1): 141–157.
^ Les Christidis & Walter E Boles (2008) Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds, CSIRO Publishing
^ "Taxonomic Updates – IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2021). "Parrots & cockatoos". World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Archived from the original on 20 September 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
^ Checklist Committee, Royal Australasian Ornithologist's Union (1926). Official checklist of the birds of Australia compiled by the Checklist Committee, Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union ; with appendix, scientific names—notes and pronunciation. Melbourne: H.J. Green, Govt. Printer. p. 45. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
^ Gould, John (1848). The Birds of Australia. Volume 6. London: Printed by R. and J. E. Taylor; pub. by the author, 1840–1848. pp. Pl. 2, et seq. Archived from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
^ Cliff Goddard (1992). Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara To English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Alice Springs, Northern Territory: Institute for Aboriginal Development. p. 26. ISBN 0-949659-64-9.
^ Condon, H.T. (1955). "Aboriginal bird names – South Australia Part One" (PDF). South Australian Ornithologist. 21 (6–7): 74–88. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 November 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
^ Halley, Jacob John (1871). A monograph of the Psittacidae, or parrot family of Australia. Melbourne: Self. p. 7. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
^ Iain Campbell; Sam Woods (2013). Wildlife of Australia. Princeton University Press. p. 138. ISBN 9781400846825.
^ John Gould (1865). Handbook to The Birds of Australia, Volume 2.
^ Major Mitchell's Cockatoo Handbook of the Birds of the World
^ "Cacatua leadbeateri". The Moirai – Aging Research. 20 October 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
^ Hurley. V, The State of Australias Birds 2008, Major mitchell's Cockatoo: changing threats, Birds Australia, p. 8 ISSN 1036-7810
^ "Lophochroa leadbeateri leadbeateri — Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (eastern), Eastern Major Mitchell's Cockatoo". Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
^ Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria
^ Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria
^ DELWP (2013), Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria: 2013 (PDF), Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2021, retrieved 30 June 2019
^ "Cookie Cockatoo "Retires"". Chicago Zoological Society. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 9 October 2009. Retrieved 9 April 2022.

External links

Pink cockatoo at the World Parrot Trust Parrot Encyclopedia
BirdLife Species Factsheet

[1] BirdLife International (2018). "Cacatua leadbeateri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22684767A131914793. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22684767A131914793.en. Retrieved 13 April 2024.

[AFD-2] Australian Biological Resources Study (29 February 2012). "Subspecies Lophochroa leadbeateri leadbeateri (Vigors, 1831)". Australian Faunal Directory. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australian Government. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.

[3] "Master Lists – IOC World Bird List". worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 6 December 2023.

[Graun-4] Stafford, Andrew (16 September 2023). "What's in a name? The renaming of the pink cockatoo is no small thing in Australia's violent history". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 December 2023.

[Forshaw-5] Joseph M. Forshaw (2010). Parrots of the World. Princeton University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-1400836208.

[6] Vigors, Nicholas Aylward (1831). "April 26, 1831". Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London. 1–2: 61. Archived from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.

[Fraser13-7] Gray, Jeannie; Fraser, Ian (2013). Australian Bird Names: A Complete Guide. Collingwood, VIC, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. pp. 124, 128–130. ISBN 9780643104709.

[Lear1832-8] Lear, Edward (1832). Illustrations of the Family of Psittacidae, or Parrots. London: Self. p. Pl. 5. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.

[9] Swainson, William John (1837). On the Natural History and Classification of Birds. Vol. 2. London: Longman. p. 302. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.

[BrownToft-10] Brown, D.M. & Toft, C.A. (1999): Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). Auk 116(1): 141–157.

[11] Les Christidis & Walter E Boles (2008) Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds, CSIRO Publishing

[12] "Taxonomic Updates – IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 24 July 2023.

[ioclist-13] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2021). "Parrots & cockatoos". World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Archived from the original on 20 September 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2021.

[14] Checklist Committee, Royal Australasian Ornithologist's Union (1926). Official checklist of the birds of Australia compiled by the Checklist Committee, Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union ; with appendix, scientific names—notes and pronunciation. Melbourne: H.J. Green, Govt. Printer. p. 45. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.

[Gould1848-15] Gould, John (1848). The Birds of Australia. Volume 6. London: Printed by R. and J. E. Taylor; pub. by the author, 1840–1848. pp. Pl. 2, et seq. Archived from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.

[16] Cliff Goddard (1992). Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara To English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Alice Springs, Northern Territory: Institute for Aboriginal Development. p. 26. ISBN 0-949659-64-9.

[17] Condon, H.T. (1955). "Aboriginal bird names – South Australia Part One" (PDF). South Australian Ornithologist. 21 (6–7): 74–88. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 November 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.

[18] Halley, Jacob John (1871). A monograph of the Psittacidae, or parrot family of Australia. Melbourne: Self. p. 7. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2021.

[19] Iain Campbell; Sam Woods (2013). Wildlife of Australia. Princeton University Press. p. 138. ISBN 9781400846825.

[20] John Gould (1865). Handbook to The Birds of Australia, Volume 2.

[21] Major Mitchell's Cockatoo Handbook of the Birds of the World

[22] "Cacatua leadbeateri". The Moirai – Aging Research. 20 October 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.

[23] Hurley. V, The State of Australias Birds 2008, Major mitchell's Cockatoo: changing threats, Birds Australia, p. 8 ISSN 1036-7810

[EPBC-24] "Lophochroa leadbeateri leadbeateri — Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (eastern), Eastern Major Mitchell's Cockatoo". Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.

[25] Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria

[26] Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria

[DEWLP_AL_Fauna_2013-27] DELWP (2013), Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria: 2013 (PDF), Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2021, retrieved 30 June 2019

[28] "Cookie Cockatoo "Retires"". Chicago Zoological Society. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 9 October 2009. Retrieved 9 April 2022.

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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
 {{use Australian English|date=July 2011}}
+{{Distinguish|Galah}}
 {{speciesbox
 | name = Pink cockatoo
 | status = LC
 | status_system = IUCN3.1
-| status_ref =<ref>{{cite iucn|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22684767/0 |title=''Cacatua leadbeateri'' |author=BirdLife International |author-link=BirdLife International |year=2012 |access-date=26 November 2013}}</ref>
+| status_ref =<ref>{{cite iucn|author=BirdLife International |author-link=BirdLife International |year= 2018 |title= ''Cacatua leadbeateri'' |page= e.T22684767A131914793 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22684767A131914793.en |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>
 | image = Major Mitchell's Cockatoo 1 - Mt Grenfell.jpg
 | image_caption = Pink cockatoo with its crest raised in New South Wales, Australia
@@ Line 27: / Line 28: @@
 }}
-The '''pink cockatoo''' ('''''Cacatua leadbeateri'''''), also known as the '''Major Mitchell's cockatoo''' or the '''Leadbeater's cockatoo''', is a medium-sized [[cockatoo]] that inhabits arid and semi-arid inland areas across [[Australia]], with the exception of the north east.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Master Lists – IOC World Bird List |author= |work=worldbirdnames.org |date= |access-date=6 December 2023 |url= https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/ioc-lists/master-list-2/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=What’s in a name? The renaming of the pink cockatoo is no small thing in Australia’s violent history |last=Stafford |first=Andrew |work=The Guardian |date= |access-date=6 December 2023 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/environment/commentisfree/2023/sep/16/pink-cockatoo-australian-bird-of-the-year-guardian-birdlife }}</ref><ref name="Forshaw">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nImgkTTCQrsC&pg=PA26 |p=26 |title=Parrots of the World |author=Joseph M. Forshaw |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2010}}</ref>
+The '''pink cockatoo''' ('''''Cacatua leadbeateri'''''), also known as '''Major Mitchell's cockatoo''' or '''Leadbeater's cockatoo''', is a medium-sized [[cockatoo]] that inhabits arid and semi-arid inland areas across [[Australia]], with the exception of the north east.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Master Lists – IOC World Bird List |author= |work=worldbirdnames.org |date= |access-date=6 December 2023 |url= https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/ioc-lists/master-list-2/}}</ref><ref name="Graun">{{Cite news |title=What's in a name? The renaming of the pink cockatoo is no small thing in Australia's violent history |last=Stafford |first=Andrew |work=The Guardian |date= 16 September 2023|access-date=6 December 2023 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/environment/commentisfree/2023/sep/16/pink-cockatoo-australian-bird-of-the-year-guardian-birdlife }}</ref><ref name="Forshaw">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nImgkTTCQrsC&pg=PA26 |page=26 |title=Parrots of the World |author=Joseph M. Forshaw |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2010|isbn=978-1400836208 }}</ref>
 ==Taxonomy and naming==
 Irish naturalist [[Nicholas Aylward Vigors]] described the species in 1831 as ''Plyctolophus leadbeateri''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vigors |first1=Nicholas Aylward |journal=Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London |date=1831 |volume=1–2 |page=61 |title=April 26, 1831 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12861469 |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=16 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016063617/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12861469 |url-status=live }}</ref> The scientific name commemorates the London naturalist and taxidermist [[Benjamin Leadbeater]], who had given Vigors what would become the [[type specimen]].<ref name = "Fraser13">{{cite book | title = Australian Bird Names: A Complete Guide | first1 = Jeannie | last1 = Gray | first2 = Ian | last2 = Fraser | year = 2013 | location = Collingwood, VIC, Australia | publisher = CSIRO Publishing | pages = 124, 128–130 | isbn = 9780643104709|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1TCqHVWQp0C&q=fraser+bird+names}}</ref> [[Edward Lear]] painted it in his 1832 work ''[[Illustrations of the Family of Psittacidae, or Parrots]]''.<ref name=Lear1832>{{cite book |last1=Lear |first1=Edward |title=Illustrations of the Family of Psittacidae, or Parrots |date=1832 |publisher=Self |location=London |page=Pl. 5 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40634433 |access-date=21 October 2021 |archive-date=21 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021035900/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40634433 |url-status=live }}</ref> Citing Lear, [[William John Swainson|William Swainson]] gave it the name ''Plyctolophus erythropterus''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Swainson |first1=William John |title=On the Natural History and Classification of Birds |date=1837 |volume=2 |publisher=Longman |location=London |page=302 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53428566 |access-date=21 October 2021 |archive-date=21 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021041126/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53428566 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-The pink cockatoo is more closely related to ''Cacatua'' than is the [[galah]]. Its lineage diverged around the time of or shortly after the acquisition of the long crest; probably the former as this crest type is not found in all ''Cacatua'' cockatoos, so must have been present in an early or incipient stage at the time of the divergence of the pink cockatoo's ancestors. Like the galah, this species has not lost the ability to deposit diluted [[pigment]] dyes in its body plumage, although it does not produce [[melanin]] coloration anymore, resulting in a lighter bird overall compared to the galah. Indeed, disregarding the crest, the pink cockatoo looks almost like a near-[[leucistic]] version of that species. Another indication of the early divergence of this species from the "white" cockatoo lineage is the presence of features found otherwise only in [[corella (bird)|corella]]s, such as its plaintive yodeling cry, as well as others which are unique to pink and the true white cockatoos, for example the large crest and rounded wing shape.<ref name=BrownToft/>
+The pink cockatoo is more closely related to ''Cacatua'' than is the [[galah]]. Its lineage diverged around the time of or shortly after the acquisition of the long crest; probably the former as this crest type is not found in all ''Cacatua'' cockatoos, so must have been present in an early or incipient stage at the time of the divergence of the pink cockatoo's ancestors. Like the galah, this species has not lost the ability to deposit diluted [[pigment]] dyes in its body plumage, although it does not produce [[melanin]] colouration anymore, resulting in a lighter bird overall compared to the galah. Indeed, disregarding the crest, the pink cockatoo looks almost like a near-[[leucistic]] version of that species. Another indication of the early divergence of this species from the "white" cockatoo lineage is the presence of features found otherwise only in [[corella (bird)|corella]]s, such as its plaintive yodeling cry, as well as others which are unique to pink and the true white cockatoos, for example the large crest and rounded wing shape.<ref name=BrownToft/>
-In 2023, this species was reclassified into the genus ''[[Cacatua]]'' by the [[International Ornithologists' Union|International Ornithological Congress]]; although it represents a very basal member of the clade, it shares close morphological, behavioral, and vocal features to other members of the genus. Due to this, the former genus ''Lophochroa'' may be better considered a monotypic [[subgenus]] of ''Cacatua''.<ref name=BrownToft>Brown, D.M. & Toft, C.A. (1999): [https://web.archive.org/web/20090325220710/http://trc.ucdavis.edu/catoft/reprints/Brown_Toft_1999.pdf Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae).] ''[[Auk (journal)|Auk]]'' '''116'''(1): 141–157.</ref><ref>Les Christidis & Walter E Boles (2008) Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds, CSIRO Publishing</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Taxonomic Updates – IOC World Bird List |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/updates/taxonomy/ |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=www.worldbirdnames.org}}</ref>
+In 2023, this species was reclassified into the genus ''[[Cacatua]]'' by the [[International Ornithologists' Union|International Ornithological Congress]]; although it represents a very basal member of the clade, it shares close morphological, behavioural, and vocal features to other members of the genus. Due to this, the former genus ''Lophochroa'' may be better considered a monotypic [[subgenus]] of ''Cacatua''.<ref name=BrownToft>Brown, D.M. & Toft, C.A. (1999): [https://web.archive.org/web/20090325220710/http://trc.ucdavis.edu/catoft/reprints/Brown_Toft_1999.pdf Molecular systematics and biogeography of the cockatoos (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae).] ''[[Auk (journal)|Auk]]'' '''116'''(1): 141–157.</ref><ref>Les Christidis & Walter E Boles (2008) Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds, CSIRO Publishing</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Taxonomic Updates – IOC World Bird List |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/updates/taxonomy/ |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=www.worldbirdnames.org}}</ref>
-Prior to 2023, "Major Mitchell's cockatoo" was designated the official name for this species by the [[International Ornithologists' Union]] (IOC).<ref name="ioclist">{{cite web | editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2021 | title=Parrots & cockatoos | work=World Bird List Version 11.2 |url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/parrots/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=16 October 2021 | archive-date=20 September 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140920161644/http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/parrots/ | url-status=live }}</ref> "Pink cockatoo" was its official name (with Major Mitchell as an alternative) in the 1926 official RAOU checklist, and was reinstated as the official name in 2023 following the IOC's taxonomic change.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Checklist Committee |first1=Royal Australasian Ornithologist's Union |title=Official checklist of the birds of Australia compiled by the Checklist Committee, Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union ; with appendix, scientific names—notes and pronunciation |date=1926 |publisher=H.J. Green, Govt. Printer |location=Melbourne |page=45 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/58084261 |access-date=20 October 2021 |archive-date=20 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020012840/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/58084261 |url-status=live }}</ref> The bird became linked to [[Thomas Mitchell (explorer)|Major Thomas Mitchell]] after he described the species in glowing terms in his books on his expeditions, calling it the "cockatoo of the interior". Mitchell himself called it the red-top cockatoo. Before this [[John Gould]] had called it Leadbeater's cockatoo (derived from the species name) in 1848,<ref name = "Fraser13"/> as had Lear in 1832.<ref name=Lear1832/> Gould added that people of the [[Swan River Colony]] called it pink cockatoo, and recorded an indigenous name ''Jak-kul-yak-kul''<ref name="Gould1848">{{cite book |last1=Gould |first1=John |title=The Birds of Australia. Volume 6. |date=1848 |publisher=Printed by R. and J. E. Taylor; pub. by the author, 1840–1848 |location=London |pages=Pl. 2, ''et seq'' |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48400939 |language=en |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=16 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016061831/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48400939 |url-status=live }}</ref> Other names include desert cockatoo, and chockalott, chock-a-lock, joggle-joggle, and wee juggler, the last anglicised from the [[Wiradjuri language|Wiradjuri]] ''wijugla''.<ref name = "Fraser13"/> In [[Central Australia]] south of [[Alice Springs]], the [[Pitjantjatjara language|Pitjantjatjara]] term is ''kakalyalya''.<ref>{{cite book |author=Cliff Goddard|title= Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara To English Dictionary |year=1992|edition=2nd|page=26|publisher=Institute for Aboriginal Development |location=Alice Springs, Northern Territory |isbn= 0-949659-64-9}}</ref> Names recorded from South Australia include ''kukkalulla'' ([[Kokatha dialect]] of [[Western Desert language]]), ''nkuna'' and ''ungkuna'' ([[Arrernte language|Arrernte]]), ''yangkunnu'' ([[Barngarla language|Barngarla]]), and ''yangwina'' ([[Wirangu language|Wirangu]]),<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Condon |first1=H.T. |title=Aboriginal bird names – South Australia Part One |journal=South Australian Ornithologist |date=1955 |volume=21 |issue=6–7 |pages=74–88 |url=https://birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume21/1955V21P074.pdf |access-date=20 October 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116004204/https://birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume21/1955V21P074.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> and ''yel-le-lek'' (from the Wimmera), and ''cal-drin-ga'' (from the lower Murray).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Halley |first1=Jacob John |title=A monograph of the Psittacidae, or parrot family of Australia |date=1871 |publisher=Self |location=Melbourne |page=7 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56681254 |access-date=21 October 2021 |archive-date=21 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021044023/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56681254 |url-status=live }}</ref>
+Prior to 2023, "Major Mitchell's cockatoo" was designated the official name for this species by the [[International Ornithologists' Union]] (IOC).<ref name="ioclist">{{cite web | editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2021 | title=Parrots & cockatoos | work=World Bird List Version 11.2 |url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/parrots/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=16 October 2021 | archive-date=20 September 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140920161644/http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/parrots/ | url-status=live }}</ref> "Pink cockatoo" was its official name (with Major Mitchell as an alternative) in the 1926 official RAOU checklist, and was reinstated as the official name in 2023 following the IOC's taxonomic change.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Checklist Committee |first1=Royal Australasian Ornithologist's Union |title=Official checklist of the birds of Australia compiled by the Checklist Committee, Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union ; with appendix, scientific names—notes and pronunciation |date=1926 |publisher=H.J. Green, Govt. Printer |location=Melbourne |page=45 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/58084261 |access-date=20 October 2021 |archive-date=20 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020012840/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/58084261 |url-status=live }}</ref> The bird became linked to [[Thomas Mitchell (explorer)|Major Thomas Mitchell]] after he described the species in glowing terms in his books on his expeditions, calling it the "cockatoo of the interior". Mitchell himself called it the red-top cockatoo. Before this [[John Gould]] had called it Leadbeater's cockatoo (derived from the species name) in 1848,<ref name = "Fraser13"/> as had Lear in 1832.<ref name=Lear1832/> Gould added that people of the [[Swan River Colony]] called it pink cockatoo, and recorded an indigenous name ''Jak-kul-yak-kul''.<ref name="Gould1848">{{cite book |last1=Gould |first1=John |title=The Birds of Australia. Volume 6. |date=1848 |publisher=Printed by R. and J. E. Taylor; pub. by the author, 1840–1848 |location=London |pages=Pl. 2, ''et seq'' |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48400939 |language=en |access-date=16 October 2021 |archive-date=16 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016061831/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48400939 |url-status=live }}</ref> Other names include desert cockatoo, and chockalott, chock-a-lock, joggle-joggle, and wee juggler, the last anglicised from the [[Wiradjuri language|Wiradjuri]] ''wijugla''.<ref name = "Fraser13"/> In [[Central Australia]] south of [[Alice Springs]], the [[Pitjantjatjara language|Pitjantjatjara]] term is ''kakalyalya''.<ref>{{cite book |author=Cliff Goddard|title= Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara To English Dictionary |year=1992|edition=2nd|page=26|publisher=Institute for Aboriginal Development |location=Alice Springs, Northern Territory |isbn= 0-949659-64-9}}</ref> Names recorded from South Australia include ''kukkalulla'' ([[Kokatha dialect]] of [[Western Desert language]]), ''nkuna'' and ''ungkuna'' ([[Arrernte language|Arrernte]]), ''yangkunnu'' ([[Barngarla language|Barngarla]]), and ''yangwina'' ([[Wirangu language|Wirangu]]),<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Condon |first1=H.T. |title=Aboriginal bird names – South Australia Part One |journal=South Australian Ornithologist |date=1955 |volume=21 |issue=6–7 |pages=74–88 |url=https://birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume21/1955V21P074.pdf |access-date=20 October 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116004204/https://birdssa.asn.au/images/saopdfs/Volume21/1955V21P074.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> and ''yel-le-lek'' (from the Wimmera), and ''cal-drin-ga'' (from the lower Murray).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Halley |first1=Jacob John |title=A monograph of the Psittacidae, or parrot family of Australia |date=1871 |publisher=Self |location=Melbourne |page=7 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56681254 |access-date=21 October 2021 |archive-date=21 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021044023/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56681254 |url-status=live }}</ref>
+[[BirdLife Australia]] officially renamed Major Mitchell's cockatoo back to ''pink cockatoo'' in 2023, due to Mitchell's involvement in the [[Mount Dispersion, New South Wales|massacre of Aboriginal people at Mount Dispersion]] and a general trend to make species names more culturally inclusive.<ref name="Graun"/>
 == Description ==
 [[File:Leadbeaters cockatoo.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Adult perched on a tree in [[Melbourne Zoo]]]]
-The pink cockatoo has a soft-textured white and salmon-pink plumage and large, bright red and yellow [[Crest (feathers)|crest]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=e0Jq2DwwDaAC&pg=PA138 |p=138 |title=Wildlife of Australia |author1=Iain Campbell |author2=Sam Woods
+The pink cockatoo has a soft-textured white and salmon-pink plumage and large, bright red and yellow [[Crest (feathers)|crest]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e0Jq2DwwDaAC&pg=PA138 |page=138 |title=Wildlife of Australia |author1=Iain Campbell |author2=Sam Woods |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2013|isbn=9781400846825 }}</ref> Its former name referenced [[Thomas Mitchell (explorer)|Major Thomas Mitchell]], who wrote, "Few birds more enliven the monotonous hues of the Australian forest than this beautiful species whose pink-coloured wings and flowing crest might have embellished the air of a more voluptuous region."<ref>{{cite book|title=Handbook to The Birds of Australia, Volume 2|year=1865|author=John Gould|author-link=John Gould}}</ref> Pink cockatoo females and males are almost identical. The males are usually bigger. The female has a broader yellow stripe on the crest and develop a red eye when mature.<ref>Major Mitchell's Cockatoo ''[[Handbook of the Birds of the World]]''</ref>
-|publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2013}}</ref> Its former name referenced [[Thomas Mitchell (explorer)|Major Thomas Mitchell]], who wrote, "Few birds more enliven the monotonous hues of the Australian forest than this beautiful species whose pink-coloured wings and flowing crest might have embellished the air of a more voluptuous region."<ref>{{cite book|title=Handbook to The Birds of Australia, Volume 2|year=1865|author=John Gould|author-link=John Gould}}</ref> Pink cockatoo females and males are almost identical. The males are usually bigger. The female has a broader yellow stripe on the crest and develop a red eye when mature.<ref>Major Mitchell's Cockatoo ''[[Handbook of the Birds of the World]]''</ref>
 === Reproduction and lifespan ===
@@ Line 49: / Line 51: @@
 In contrast to those of the galah, populations of pink cockatoos have declined rather than increased as a result of man-made changes to the arid interior of Australia. Where galahs readily occupy cleared and part-cleared land, pink cockatoos require extensive woodlands, particularly favouring conifers (''[[Callitris]]'' spp.), sheoak (''[[Allocasuarina]]'' spp.) and eucalypts. Unlike other cockatoos, pink cockatoo pairs will not nest close to one another, so they cannot tolerate fragmented, partly cleared habitats, and their range is contracting.
-In the [[The Mallee|Mallee]] region of Victoria where the galah and pink cockatoo can be found to be nesting in the same area,  the two species have interbred and produced hybridised offspring occasionally.<ref>Hurley. V, The State of Australias Birds 2008, Major mitchell's Cockatoo: changing threats, Birds Australia, p. 8 {{ISSN|1036-7810}}</ref>
+In [[the Mallee]] region of Victoria where the galah and pink cockatoo can be found to be nesting in the same area, the two species have interbred and produced hybridised offspring occasionally.<ref>Hurley. V, The State of Australias Birds 2008, Major mitchell's Cockatoo: changing threats, Birds Australia, p. 8 {{ISSN|1036-7810}}</ref>
+The pink cockatoo is usually found in pairs or small groups, and feeds both on the ground and in trees.<ref name="Forshaw"/>
 ==Conservation status==
@@ Line 61: / Line 65: @@
 ==Aviculture ==
-"[[Cookie (cockatoo)|Cookie]]", was a pink cockatoo and was a beloved resident of Illinois' [[Brookfield Zoo]] near [[Chicago]] from the time the zoo opened in 1934 until his death on 27 August 2016. Cookie was 83 years old and he had been retired from public display since 2009, due to ill health prior to his death.
+"[[Cookie (cockatoo)|Cookie]]" was a pink cockatoo and a beloved resident of Illinois' [[Brookfield Zoo]] near [[Chicago]] from the time the zoo opened in 1934 until his death on 27 August 2016. Cookie was 83 years old and he had been retired from public display since 2009 due to ill health prior to his death.
 {{clear}}
@@ Line 75: / Line 79: @@
 ==Further reading==
-*Fluffies.org (2006): [http://fluffies.org/en/fluffies_view_page.php?id=127 Zazu the Major Mitchells cockatoo]. Retrieved 2006-JAN-14.
+*Fluffies.org (2006): [http://fluffies.org/en/fluffies_view_page.php?id=127 Zazu the Major Mitchells cockatoo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070102084209/http://fluffies.org/en/fluffies_view_page.php?id=127 |date=2 January 2007 }}. Retrieved 2006-JAN-14.
 ==External links==
-{{Commons|Cacatua leadbeateri|Major Mitchell's cockatoo}}
+{{Commons|Lophochroa leadbeateri|Pink cockatoo}}
 {{Wikispecies|Lophocroa leadbeateri}}
 *[http://www.parrots.org/index.php/encyclopedia/profile/major_mitchells_cockatoo/ Pink cockatoo] at the World Parrot Trust Parrot Encyclopedia
@@ Line 84: / Line 88: @@
 {{Cockatoos}}
+{{Psittacopasseres|Ps.|state=collapsed}}
 {{Taxonbar|from=Q644135|from2=Q27074953}}
-[[Category:Cacatua|Major Mitchell's cockatoo]]
+[[Category:Cacatua|Pink cockatoo]]
 [[Category:Cockatoos]]
 [[Category:Endemic birds of Australia]]
-[[Category:Birds described in 1831|Major Mitchell's cockatoo]]
+[[Category:Birds described in 1831|Pink cockatoo]]
 [[Category:Taxa named by Nicholas Aylward Vigors]]

Taxon identifiers
Cacatua leadbeateri	Wikidata: Q644135 ADW: Cacatua_leadbeateri Avibase: E39FD99C0B686D68 BirdLife: 22684767 BOW: pincoc1 eBird: pincoc1 EoL: 1178082 GBIF: 2479878 iNaturalist: 145357 IRMNG: 11441246 ITIS: 554838 IUCN: 22684767 Open Tree of Life: 209184 Species+: 4791 TSA: 9573
Lophochroa leadbeateri	Wikidata: Q27074953 Wikispecies: Lophochroa leadbeateri AFD: Lophochroa_leadbeateri BirdLife-Australia: pink-cockatoo BOLD: 745645 BOW: pincoc1 eBird: pincoc1 GBIF: 7340185 iNaturalist: 145357 NCBI: 471713 Open Tree of Life: 209184 Xeno-canto: Lophochroa-leadbeateri