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Coordinates: 34°9′15″N 112°4′35″W / 34.15417°N 112.07639°W / 34.15417; -112.07639
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{{About|National Monument|other|Agua Fria (disambiguation)}}
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{{Infobox_protected_area | name = Agua Fria National Monument
{{Short description|Protected area in Arizona, United States}}
| iucn_category = III
{{Infobox protected area
| image = US_Locator_Blank.svg
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| name = Agua Fria National Monument
| caption =
| locator_x = 57
| iucn_category = V
| photo = Agfr aguafriariver.jpg
| locator_y = 109
| photo_alt = A photo showing rocks and trees along the Agua Fria River
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| location = [[Arizona]], [[United States|USA]]
| nearest_city = [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix, AZ]]
| map = USA#Arizona
| lat_degrees = 34
| relief = 1
| lat_minutes = 9
| map_caption =
| map_alt = A map of the United States showing the location of Agua Fria National Monument
| lat_seconds = 15
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| location = [[Yavapai County, Arizona]], [[United States]]
| lat_direction = N
| nearest_city = [[Phoenix, Arizona]]
| long_degrees = 112
| coordinates = {{coords|34|9|15|N|112|4|35|W|display=inline, title}}
| long_minutes = 4
| area = {{convert|72,344|acres|sqmi km2}}<ref name="details">{{BLM National Monument detail table |accessdate=2012-12-26}}</ref>
| long_seconds = 35
| created = {{start date|2000|January|11}}
| long_direction = W
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| visitation_num = 80,000+
| area = 71,100 acres (288 km²)
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| visitation_year = 2011
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| established = [[January 11]], [[2000]]
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| governing_body = [[Bureau of Land Management]]
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| visitation_num =
| website = {{url|https://www.blm.gov/visit/agua-fria}}
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| visitation_year =
| embedded1 = {{designation list | embed = yes
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| governing_body = [[U.S. Bureau of Land Management]]
| designation1 = NMON
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| designation1_date = January 11, 2000
}}
}}
}}
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'''Agua Fria National Monument''' is in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Arizona]], approximately {{Convert|40|mi|km|abbr=out}} north of downtown [[Phoenix, Arizona]]. Created by [[U.S. President|Presidential]] proclamation on January 11, 2000, the {{convert|72344|acre|adj=on|sqmi km2|0}}<ref name="details"/> monument is managed by the [[Bureau of Land Management]], an agency within the [[U.S. Department of the Interior]]. The Bureau of Land Management already managed the lands; however, under monument status the level of protection and preservation of resources within the new monument have been enhanced.
<!-- Note: site is not listed in IUCN database, but appears to conform with Category III -->
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'''Agua Fria National Monument''' is located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Arizona]], approximately 40&nbsp;miles (64&nbsp;km) north of downtown [[Phoenix, Arizona]]. Created by [[U.S. President|Presidential]] proclamation on January 11, 2000, the 71,100&nbsp;acre (288&nbsp;km²) monument is managed by the [[U.S. Bureau of Land Management]], an agency within the [[U.S. Department of the Interior]]. The U.S. Bureau of Land Management already managed the lands, however under monument status, the level of protection and preservation of resources within the new monument have been enhanced. The monument is a unit of the BLM's [[National Landscape Conservation System]]. Over 450 distinct [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] structures have been identified in the monument, some of large [[pueblo]]s containing more than 100 rooms each. The enhanced protection status also provides greater habitat protection for the numerous plant and animal communities.


The monument is a unit of the BLM's [[National Landscape Conservation System]]. Over 450 distinct [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] structures have been recorded in the monument, some of large [[pueblo]]s containing more than 100 rooms each. The enhanced protection status also provides greater habitat protection for the numerous plant and animal communities.
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[[Petroglyph]]s are scattered across the numerous puebloan ruins, which were built between 1250 and 1450 A.D. when several thousand Native Americans, known as the Perry Mesa Tradition, inhabited the region. The petroglyphs depict animals, geometic figures and abstract symbols and are found by the thousands. Numerous ruins of agricultural terraces and irrigation devices indicate that [[farming]] was widespred during this period. Other historical entities that are found include 19th century mining features and [[Basque diaspora|Basque]] sheep camps.


==Antiquities==
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Situated between 2,150 and 4,600&nbsp;feet (655 and 1,402&nbsp;m) in elevation, the monument is a blend of desert and semi-desert ecosystems. [[Reptile]]s and [[amphibian]]s including the [[Leopard frog]], the [[Garter snake]], the [[Desert tortoise]], can be seen in the monument. [[Mammal]]s such as the [[Pronghorn]], [[Mule deer]], [[White-tail deer]] and [[Javelina]] are relatively common. The [[Wapiti]] (Elk), [[American black bear|black bear]]s and [[Mountain lion]]s are also found in the monument, but are much less common. Four species of native fish, including the Longfin dace, the Gila mountain sucker, the Gila chub, and the Speckled dace, exist in the Agua Fria River and its tributaries.
[[File:Peoria-Lake Pleasant Regional Park-Indian Mesa Ruins 1.jpg|left|thumb|Ruins of a village built by [[Puebloans]] about 1000 years ago on top of Indian Mesa. This is part of the wall of the fort that surrounded the village. The holes in the wall are viewing holes so the defenders can view the only path to the top. There are several branches of an [[ocotillo]] plant in the foreground.]]
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[[Petroglyph]]s are scattered across the numerous puebloan ruins, which were built between 1250 and 1450 C.E. when several thousand Native Americans, known as the Perry Mesa Tradition, inhabited the region. The petroglyphs depict animals, geometric figures and abstract symbols and are found by the thousands. Numerous ruins of agricultural terraces and irrigation devices indicate that [[farming]] was widespread during this period. Other historical entities that are found include 19th century mining features and [[Basque diaspora|Basque]] sheep camps.


==Natural history==
In late 2004, the [[Bureau of Land Management|BLM]] and the [[Sierra Club]] helped spark the formation of the [[Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument]], a [[non-profit organization]] created to assist the [[federal agency]] in monument protection, management, and outreach.
Situated between {{convert|2150|ft|m}} and {{convert|4600|ft|m}} in elevation, the monument is primarily composed of semi-desert grassland but also contains extensive riparian stands of cottonwoods and willows which are tied to the Agua Fria River. More than 140 bird species have been recorded at the monument.

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Notable species of [[reptile]]s and [[amphibian]]s, including the [[leopard frog]], the [[garter snake]], and the [[desert tortoise]], can be seen at the monument. [[Mammal]]s such as the [[pronghorn]], [[mule deer]], [[white-tail deer]] and [[javelina]] are relatively common. The [[elk]], [[American black bear|black bear]]s and [[mountain lion]]s are also found in the monument, but are much less common. Native fish including the longfin dace, the Gila mountain sucker, speckled dace, and three endangered native fish including the [[Gila intermedia]], [[charalito]], and [[desert pupfish]] exist in the {{convert|129|mi|km|adj=on}}-long [[Agua Fria River]] and its tributaries.

In late 2004, the BLM and the [[Sierra Club]] helped spark the formation of the Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument, a [[non-profit organization]] created to assist the [[National Park Service|federal agency]] in monument protection, management, and outreach.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.blm.gov/az/aguafria/bkgda.htm |title=Agua Fria National Monument Proclamation |publisher=Bureau of Land Management |access-date=2006-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060630060601/http://www.blm.gov/az/aguafria/bkgda.htm |archive-date=2006-06-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Crossley |first=John |url=http://www.americansouthwest.net/arizona/agua_fria/national_monument.html |title=Agua Fria National Monument | access-date=2006-08-13| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060811230039/http://www.americansouthwest.net/arizona/agua_fria/national_monument.html| archive-date= 11 August 2006 <!--DASHBot-->| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.blm.gov/nlcs |title=National Landscape Conservation System | publisher = Bureau of Land Management |access-date=2011-10-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aguafriafriends.org |title=Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument |publisher=Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument |access-date=2011-10-26}}</ref>

==See also==
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* [[List of national monuments of the United States]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Agua Fria National Monument}}
*{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.blm.gov/az/aguafria/bkgda.htm | title = Agua Fria National Monument Proclamation | format = | work = | publisher = U.S. Bureau of Land Management | accessdate = 2006-08-13 | accessyear =}}
* {{wikivoyage-inline|Agua Fria National Monument}}
*{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.blm.gov/az/aguafria/afriafactsht.htm | title = Agua Fria National Monument Fact Sheet | format = | work = | publisher = U.S. Bureau of Land Management| accessdate = 2006-08-13 | accessyear =}}
* [https://www.blm.gov/visit/agua-fria BLM.gov: official ''Agua Fria National Monument'' website]
*{{cite web | last = Crossley | first = John | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.americansouthwest.net/arizona/agua_fria/national_monument.html | title = Agua Fria National Monument | format = | work = | publisher = | accessdate = 2006-08-13 | accessyear =}}
* [http://www.azghosttowns.com/towns/rchnbar.html Richinbar] – Ghost Town of the Month at azghosttowns.com
*{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.discovernlcs.org/TheNLCS/Monuments/AguaFria.cfm | title = Agua Fria National Monument | format = | work = | publisher = National Landscape Conservation System | accessdate = 2006-08-13 | accessyear =}}
{{AZ Parks}}
*[http://www.terraprints.com/servlet/the-87/agua-fria-national-monument/Detail Satellite Image of Agua Fria National Monument]
[[Category:National Monuments of Arizona]]
{{National Monuments of the United States}}

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[[Category:National Monuments of the United States]]
{{authority control}}

[[Category:National monuments in Arizona]]
[[Category:Bureau of Land Management national monuments]]
[[Category:Bureau of Land Management areas in Arizona]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Yavapai County, Arizona]]
[[Category:2000 establishments in Arizona]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 2000]]
[[Category:Units of the National Landscape Conservation System]]

Latest revision as of 00:40, 8 October 2024

This article is about National Monument. For other, see Agua Fria (disambiguation).
Agua Fria National Monument
IUCN category V (protected landscape/seascape)
A photo showing rocks and trees along the Agua Fria River
A map of the United States showing the location of Agua Fria National Monument
A map of the United States showing the location of Agua Fria National Monument
A map of the United States showing the location of Agua Fria National Monument
A map of the United States showing the location of Agua Fria National Monument
LocationYavapai County, Arizona, United States
Nearest cityPhoenix, Arizona
Coordinates34°9′15″N 112°4′35″W / 34.15417°N 112.07639°W / 34.15417; -112.07639
Area72,344 acres (113.038 sq mi; 292.77 km2)[1]
CreatedJanuary 11, 2000 (2000-January-11)
Visitors80,000+ (in 2011)
Governing bodyBureau of Land Management
Websitewww.blm.gov/visit/agua-fria
DesignatedJanuary 11, 2000

Agua Fria National Monument is in the U.S. state of Arizona, approximately 40 miles (64 km) north of downtown Phoenix, Arizona. Created by Presidential proclamation on January 11, 2000, the 72,344-acre (113 sq mi; 293 km2)[1] monument is managed by the Bureau of Land Management, an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior. The Bureau of Land Management already managed the lands; however, under monument status the level of protection and preservation of resources within the new monument have been enhanced.

The monument is a unit of the BLM's National Landscape Conservation System. Over 450 distinct Native American structures have been recorded in the monument, some of large pueblos containing more than 100 rooms each. The enhanced protection status also provides greater habitat protection for the numerous plant and animal communities.

Antiquities

[edit]
Ruins of a village built by Puebloans about 1000 years ago on top of Indian Mesa. This is part of the wall of the fort that surrounded the village. The holes in the wall are viewing holes so the defenders can view the only path to the top. There are several branches of an ocotillo plant in the foreground.

Petroglyphs are scattered across the numerous puebloan ruins, which were built between 1250 and 1450 C.E. when several thousand Native Americans, known as the Perry Mesa Tradition, inhabited the region. The petroglyphs depict animals, geometric figures and abstract symbols and are found by the thousands. Numerous ruins of agricultural terraces and irrigation devices indicate that farming was widespread during this period. Other historical entities that are found include 19th century mining features and Basque sheep camps.

Natural history

[edit]

Situated between 2,150 feet (660 m) and 4,600 feet (1,400 m) in elevation, the monument is primarily composed of semi-desert grassland but also contains extensive riparian stands of cottonwoods and willows which are tied to the Agua Fria River. More than 140 bird species have been recorded at the monument.

Notable species of reptiles and amphibians, including the leopard frog, the garter snake, and the desert tortoise, can be seen at the monument. Mammals such as the pronghorn, mule deer, white-tail deer and javelina are relatively common. The elk, black bears and mountain lions are also found in the monument, but are much less common. Native fish including the longfin dace, the Gila mountain sucker, speckled dace, and three endangered native fish including the Gila intermedia, charalito, and desert pupfish exist in the 129-mile (208 km)-long Agua Fria River and its tributaries.

In late 2004, the BLM and the Sierra Club helped spark the formation of the Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument, a non-profit organization created to assist the federal agency in monument protection, management, and outreach.[2][3][4][5]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "National Monument detail table as of April 2012" (PDF). Bureau of Land Management. Retrieved 2012-12-26.
  2. ^ "Agua Fria National Monument Proclamation". Bureau of Land Management. Archived from the original on 2006-06-30. Retrieved 2006-08-13.
  3. ^ Crossley, John. "Agua Fria National Monument". Archived from the original on 11 August 2006. Retrieved 2006-08-13.
  4. ^ "National Landscape Conservation System". Bureau of Land Management. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
  5. ^ "Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument". Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
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