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{{Short description|Species of plant}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|name = ''Lilium regale''
|image = Lilium regale (02).JPG
| image = Lys royal FR 2012.jpg
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| genus = Lilium
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
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| species = regale
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
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| authority = [[Ernest Henry Wilson|E.H.Wilson]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=jing/><ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?name=Lilium+myriophyllum&commonname= Tropicos, search for ''Lilium myriophyllum'']</ref>
|ordo = [[Liliales]]
| synonyms = *''Lilium myriophyllum'' E.H. Wilson 1905, illegitimate homonym not Franch. 1892
|familia = [[Liliaceae]]
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}}
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|genus = ''[[Lilium]]''
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[[File:Lilium regale (01).JPG|thumb|Detail of flower]]
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|species = '''''L. regale'''''
|binomial = ''Lilium regale''
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|binomial_authority = [[Ernest Henry Wilson|E.H.Wilson]]
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|}}


'''''Lilium regale''''', called the '''regal lily''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=LIRE6|taxon=Lilium regale|accessdate=25 January 2016}}</ref> '''royal lily''',<ref name=BSBI07>{{BSBI 2007 |access-date=2014-10-17}}</ref> '''king's lily''',<ref name=edwina/>or, in New Zealand, the '''Christmas lily''',<ref>{{cite news |last=Carman |first=Kerry |date=2015-11-06 |title=How to grow... madonna lilies |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/home-property/nz-gardener/73767152/null |work=Stuff.co.nz |access-date=2018-12-16 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kingsseeds.co.nz/shop/Flowers/Alpha+Search/Flowers+H+to+L/Lily+Regale.html |title=Lily Regale |website=Kings Seeds |access-date= 2018-12-16}}</ref> is a species of flowering plant in the lily family Liliaceae, with trumpet-shaped flowers. It is native to the western part of [[Sichuan]] Province in southwestern China,<ref>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=279843 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref name=jing>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200027739 Flora of China, Vol. 24 Page 147 <big>岷江百合</big> min jiang bai he ''Lilium regale'' E. H. Wilson, Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 53: 416. 1913. ]</ref> and cultivated elsewhere as an ornamental. It was introduced to England in 1903 by [[Ernest Henry Wilson]].<ref>Wilson, Ernest Henry 1905. Flora et Silva 3: 330, plate 1, as ''Lilium myriophyllum''</ref><ref name=ping>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25916210#page/460/mode/1up Wilson, Ernest Henry. 1913. ''Lilium regale.'' Gardeners' Chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. ser. 3 53: 416] description and commentary in English; photograph of flowering specimen</ref>
'''''Lilium regale''''' is a trumpet flowered lily, native to western [[Szechuan]] in [[China]]. It was introduced to England in 1903 by [[Ernest Henry Wilson]].


==Description==
It is a long-lived, stem-rooting [[Bulb|bulbous plant]]. The leaves are borne at irregular intervals on the stem. Plants grow up to 2 meters high, though 1.2 to 1.5 meters is more common in the garden. The flowers are 14 cm long, funnel or trumpet shaped, white with yellow throat, flushed purple outside. There is a pure white variety, ''L. r. album''. [[Stamens]] are prominent. The flowers are strongly fragrant, especially at night.
''Lilium regale'' is a long-lived, stem-rooting [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennial]] growing from an underground [[bulb]]. The leaves are borne at irregular intervals on the stem. Plants grow up to 2 meters high, though 1.2 to 1.5 meters is more common in the garden. The flowers are 14&nbsp;cm long, funnel or trumpet shaped, white with yellow throat, flushed purple outside. [[Stamens]] are prominent. The flowers are strongly fragrant, especially at night.<ref name=jing/>


==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
⚫
The [[Royal Horticultural Society]] has given ''Lilium regale'' its [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref>{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - ''Lilium regale''|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/10248/Lilium-regale-(IXb-a)/Details | access-date = 16 January 2021}}</ref> It is among the easiest lilies to grow in most temperate climate gardens. It tolerates most soils, except ones prone to waterlogging. It may naturalise in suitable conditions. It can also be grown in large containers. The bulbs themselves are very hardy, but the shoots appear early in the season and may be damaged by frost. Plants can be raised from seed, and often flower in their second year. A serious pest is the [[Scarlet Lily Beetle]], the larvae of which may cause complete defoliation. Stems may require staking to support the large blooms.<ref name=edwina>[https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/10248/Lilium-regale-%28IXb-a%29/Details Royal Horticultural Society, ''Lilium regale'' (IXb/a) king's lily]</ref><ref>[http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/1023/ Dave's Garden plant files, Regal Lily, Lilium regale]</ref>
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[[File:Lilium regale (01).JPG|thumb|left|Detail of flower]]
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The [[Royal Horticultural Society]] has given ''Lilium regale'' its [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref>[http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=1165 RHS]</ref> It is among the easiest lilies to grow in most temperate climate gardens. It tolerates most soils, except ones prone to waterlogging. It may naturalise in suitable conditions. It can also be grown in large containers. The bulbs themselves are very hardy, but the shoots appear early in the season and may be damaged by frost. Plants can be raised from seed, and often flower in their second year. The main pest is the [[Scarlet Lily Beetle]], the larvae of which may cause complete defoliation. Stems may require staking to support the large blooms.


There is a pure white form 'Album' which is also widely cultivated.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.gardenia.net/plant/lilium-regale-album-lily | title = Lilium regale 'Album' | publisher = Gardenia.net | access-date = 3 July 2021}}</ref>
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==References==
⚫
{{Reflist}}
The European Garden Flora (1986).
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=118558 Efloras.org], Flora of China: ''Lilium''
*[http://www.rhslilygroup.org RHSlilygroup.org]


Deer also frequently eat lily plants and fences as high as 8 feet may be needed to deter them.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://homeguides.sfgate.com/deer-eat-hostas-lilies-104420.html |title=Will Deer Eat Hostas & Lilies? |website=SFGate |date=2 October 2014 |publisher=Hearst |access-date= 2019-11-27}}</ref>


==Toxicity==
⚫
[[Category:Lilium|regale]]
===Cats===
''Lilium regale'', like many in the genus, is toxic to cats, with ingestion causing potentially fatal [[renal failure]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Fitzgerald |first1=K.T. |date=2010 |title=Lily toxicity in the cat |journal=Topics in Companion Animal Medicine |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=213–217 |doi=10.1053/j.tcam.2010.09.006 |pmid=21147474 }}</ref> Households that are visited by cats are advised against keeping this plant or placing dried flowers where a cat may brush against them and thus become dusted with pollen, which is then consumed during cleaning. Suspected cases require urgent veterinary attention.<ref name="petmd" /> Rapid treatment with [[activated charcoal]] and/or induced [[vomiting]] can reduce the amount of toxin absorbed, and large amounts of fluid by [[Intravenous injection|IV]] can reduce damage to kidneys to increase the chances of survival.<ref name="petmd">[http://www.petmd.com/cat/emergency/poisoning-toxicity/e_ct_lily_poisoning Lily Poisoning in Cats]. Pet MD.</ref>


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==References==
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{{Reflist|30em}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q1639505}}
{{liliales-stub}}


⚫
[[Category:Lilium|regale]]
[[de:Königs-Lilie]]
[[Category:Flora of Sichuan]]
[[es:Lilium regale]]
[[pt:Lilium regale]]
[[Category:Garden plants]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1905]]
[[ru:Лилия царственная]]
[[fi:Kuningaslilja]]
[[sv:Kungslilja]]

Latest revision as of 13:49, 7 July 2024

Lilium regale
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Subfamily: Lilioideae
Tribe: Lilieae
Genus: Lilium
Species:
L. regale
Binomial name
Lilium regale
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Lilium myriophyllum E.H. Wilson 1905, illegitimate homonym not Franch. 1892
Detail of flower

Lilium regale, called the regal lily,[3] royal lily,[4] king's lily,[5]or, in New Zealand, the Christmas lily,[6][7] is a species of flowering plant in the lily family Liliaceae, with trumpet-shaped flowers. It is native to the western part of Sichuan Province in southwestern China,[8][1] and cultivated elsewhere as an ornamental. It was introduced to England in 1903 by Ernest Henry Wilson.[9][10]

Description

[edit]

Lilium regale is a long-lived, stem-rooting herbaceous perennial growing from an underground bulb. The leaves are borne at irregular intervals on the stem. Plants grow up to 2 meters high, though 1.2 to 1.5 meters is more common in the garden. The flowers are 14 cm long, funnel or trumpet shaped, white with yellow throat, flushed purple outside. Stamens are prominent. The flowers are strongly fragrant, especially at night.[1]

Cultivation

[edit]

The Royal Horticultural Society has given Lilium regale its Award of Garden Merit.[11] It is among the easiest lilies to grow in most temperate climate gardens. It tolerates most soils, except ones prone to waterlogging. It may naturalise in suitable conditions. It can also be grown in large containers. The bulbs themselves are very hardy, but the shoots appear early in the season and may be damaged by frost. Plants can be raised from seed, and often flower in their second year. A serious pest is the Scarlet Lily Beetle, the larvae of which may cause complete defoliation. Stems may require staking to support the large blooms.[5][12]

There is a pure white form 'Album' which is also widely cultivated.[13]

Deer also frequently eat lily plants and fences as high as 8 feet may be needed to deter them.[14]

Toxicity

[edit]

Cats

[edit]

Lilium regale, like many in the genus, is toxic to cats, with ingestion causing potentially fatal renal failure.[15] Households that are visited by cats are advised against keeping this plant or placing dried flowers where a cat may brush against them and thus become dusted with pollen, which is then consumed during cleaning. Suspected cases require urgent veterinary attention.[16] Rapid treatment with activated charcoal and/or induced vomiting can reduce the amount of toxin absorbed, and large amounts of fluid by IV can reduce damage to kidneys to increase the chances of survival.[16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Flora of China, Vol. 24 Page 147 岷江百合 min jiang bai he Lilium regale E. H. Wilson, Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 53: 416. 1913.
  2. ^ Tropicos, search for Lilium myriophyllum
  3. ^ NRCS. "Lilium regale". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 25 January 2016.
  4. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  5. ^ a b Royal Horticultural Society, Lilium regale (IXb/a) king's lily
  6. ^ Carman, Kerry (2015-11-06). "How to grow... madonna lilies". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 2018-12-16.
  7. ^ "Lily Regale". Kings Seeds. Retrieved 2018-12-16.
  8. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  9. ^ Wilson, Ernest Henry 1905. Flora et Silva 3: 330, plate 1, as Lilium myriophyllum
  10. ^ Wilson, Ernest Henry. 1913. Lilium regale. Gardeners' Chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. ser. 3 53: 416 description and commentary in English; photograph of flowering specimen
  11. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Lilium regale". Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  12. ^ Dave's Garden plant files, Regal Lily, Lilium regale
  13. ^ "Lilium regale 'Album'". Gardenia.net. Retrieved 3 July 2021.
  14. ^ "Will Deer Eat Hostas & Lilies?". SFGate. Hearst. 2 October 2014. Retrieved 2019-11-27.
  15. ^ Fitzgerald, K.T. (2010). "Lily toxicity in the cat". Topics in Companion Animal Medicine. 25 (4): 213–217. doi:10.1053/j.tcam.2010.09.006. PMID 21147474.
  16. ^ a b Lily Poisoning in Cats. Pet MD.
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