South Whitley, Indiana: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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|name = South Whitley, Indiana |
|name = South Whitley, Indiana |
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|settlement_type = [[Town]] |
|settlement_type = [[Town]] |
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|image_skyline = South Whitley Indiana.jpg |
|image_skyline = South Whitley Indiana.jpg |
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|imagesize = |
|imagesize = |
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|image_caption = South Whitley, State Street and water tower |
|image_caption = South Whitley, State Street and water tower |
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|image_map = File:Whitley County Indiana Incorporated and Unincorporated areas South Whitley Highlighted 1871612.svg |
|image_map = File:Whitley County Indiana Incorporated and Unincorporated areas South Whitley Highlighted 1871612.svg |
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|leader_title = |
|leader_title = |
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|leader_name = |
|leader_name = |
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|area_footnotes = <ref name=" |
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_18.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 16, 2022}}</ref> |
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|unit_pref = Imperial |
|unit_pref = Imperial |
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|area_magnitude = |
|area_magnitude = |
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|population_footnotes = |
|population_footnotes = |
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|population_as_of = [[ |
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]] |
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|population_est = |
|population_est = |
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|pop_est_as_of = |
|pop_est_as_of = |
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|population_note = |
|population_note = |
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|population_total = |
|population_total = 1818 |
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|population_density_km2 = |
|population_density_km2 = 823.97 |
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|population_density_sq_mi = |
|population_density_sq_mi = 2133.80 |
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|timezone = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]] |
|timezone = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]] |
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|utc_offset = -5 |
|utc_offset = -5 |
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|timezone_DST = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] |
|timezone_DST = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] |
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|utc_offset_DST = -4 |
|utc_offset_DST = -4 |
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|area_land_km2 = 2. |
|area_land_km2 = 2.21 |
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|area_water_km2 = 0. |
|area_water_km2 = 0.05 |
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|area_total_km2 = 2. |
|area_total_km2 = 2.25 |
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|area_total_sq_mi = 0. |
|area_total_sq_mi = 0.87 |
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|area_land_sq_mi = 0. |
|area_land_sq_mi = 0.85 |
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|area_water_sq_mi = 0. |
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.02 |
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|elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |
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|elevation_footnotes = <ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2016-07-06|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=October 25, 2007}}</ref> |
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|elevation_m = 245 |
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|elevation_ft = 804 |
|elevation_ft = 804 |
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|coordinates = {{coord|41| |
|coordinates = {{coord|41|04|51|N|85|37|26|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} |
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|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]] |
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]] |
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|postal_code = 46787 |
|postal_code = 46787 |
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|area_code = [[Area code 260|260]] |
|area_code = [[Area code 260|260]] |
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|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |
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|blank_info = 18-71612<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url= |
|blank_info = 18-71612<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> |
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|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |
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|blank1_info = |
|blank1_info = 2397668<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2397668}}</ref> |
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|footnotes = |
|footnotes = |
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| |
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|website = |
|website = |
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|pop_est_footnotes = <ref name="USCensusEst2016"/> |
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}} |
}} |
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⚫ | |||
'''South Whitley''' is a town in [[Cleveland Township, Whitley County, Indiana|Cleveland Township]], [[Whitley County, Indiana|Whitley County]], in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Indiana]].<ref |
'''South Whitley''' is a town in [[Cleveland Township, Whitley County, Indiana|Cleveland Township]], [[Whitley County, Indiana|Whitley County]], in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Indiana]].<ref name=gnis/> The population was 1,751 at the 2010 census. South Whitley is a town in the Midwestern tradition of red brick buildings and tree-lined streets. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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South Whitley was originally called Springfield, and under the latter name was laid out in 1837. A post office was established that year under the name Whitley.<ref>{{cite book | url=https:// |
South Whitley was originally called Springfield, and under the latter name was laid out in 1837. A post office was established that year under the name Whitley.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofwhitley00kale | title=History of Whitley County, Indiana | publisher=B. F. Bowen & Company |author1=Kaler, Samuel P. |author2=Maring, Richard H. | year=1907 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofwhitley00kale/page/313 313]}}</ref> The post office was renamed to South Whitley in 1842, and still operates today.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.postalhistory.com/postoffices.asp?task=display&state=IN&county=Whitley | title=Whitley County | publisher=Jim Forte Postal History | accessdate=July 6, 2016}}</ref> |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1871612 |
|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1871612 |
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|title=G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1 |
|title=G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1 |
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|accessdate= |
|accessdate=July 25, 2015 |
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|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |
|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |
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|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213052048/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1871612 |
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|archive-date=February 13, 2020 |
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|url-status=dead |
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}}</ref> |
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==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
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{{US Census population |
{{US Census population |
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|align=left |
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|1880= 408 |
|1880= 408 |
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|1890= 720 |
|1890= 720 |
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|2000= 1782 |
|2000= 1782 |
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|2010= 1751 |
|2010= 1751 |
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|2020= 1818 |
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|estyear=2016 |
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|estimate=1740 |
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|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2016">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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===2010 census=== |
===2010 census=== |
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As of the [[census]]<ref name =" |
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 11, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,751 people, 729 households, and 482 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1924.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 820 housing units at an average density of {{convert|901.1|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 98.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.1% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.2% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.4% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.9% of the population. |
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There were 729 households of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.92. |
There were 729 households, of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.92. |
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The median age in the town was 37.6 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.3% were from 45 to 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.3% male and 51.7% female. |
The median age in the town was 37.6 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.3% were from 45 to 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.3% male and 51.7% female. |
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===2000 census=== |
===2000 census=== |
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As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 1,782 people, 742 households, and 482 families |
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 1,782 people, 742 households, and 482 families living in the town. The population density was {{convert|2,423.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 791 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,075.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 99.16% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.22% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.11% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.06% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.06% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.17% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.22% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.51% of the population. |
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There were 742 households out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.97. |
There were 742 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.97. |
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In the town, the population was spread out with 26.8% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.0 males. |
In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.0 males. |
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The median income for a household in the town was $35,114, and the median income for a family was $42,438. Males had a median income of $34,653 versus $21,221 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $19,766. About 7.0% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over. |
The median income for a household in the town was $35,114, and the median income for a family was $42,438. Males had a median income of $34,653 versus $21,221 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $19,766. About 7.0% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over. |
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==Education== |
==Education== |
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The town is served by [[Whitko Community School Corporation]] and contains South Whitley Elementary and |
The town is served by [[Whitko Community School Corporation]] and contains South Whitley Elementary and Whitko Jr/Sr High School. |
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The town has a lending library, the South Whitley Community Public Library.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.in.gov/library/files/countyindex13.pdf | title=Indiana public library directory | publisher=Indiana State Library | accessdate= |
The town has a lending library, the South Whitley Community Public Library.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.in.gov/library/files/countyindex13.pdf | title=Indiana public library directory | publisher=Indiana State Library | accessdate=March 17, 2018}}</ref> |
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* [[Will Cuppy]] (1884–1949), humorist and journalist, spent summers when he was a boy at the farm of his grandmother, Sarah Collins Cuppy, near South Whitley. Sarah Collins Cuppy on the other hand, with her husband, ran a station on the underground railroad. The house still exits today on St. Rd. 5 through the main strip of South Whitley. Many secret passages and hidden rooms exist within the walls of the old house. The doors of the home are not open to the public and the home is privately owned. {{Citation needed|date=December 2009}}<ref>George Morrison Fleck, The Cuppy House, South Whitley, IN: Fleck Press, 1954.</ref> |
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⚫ | * [[Hugo Fox]] |
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* [[Albert Fredrick Ottomar Germann]] (February 18, 1886 – December 22, 1976), scientist, university professor, founder and President of Nutritional Research Associates, Inc. (incorporated in 1935) in South Whitley. |
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==Note of interest== |
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* [[Trivial Pursuit]], the game introduced in 1982, had a question concerning this small town and its annual festival, in particular the bed races. Gripco, a nut and bolt factory that employed many of the townspeople, sponsored most of the events in the Fall Festival, culminating in the bed races in which four people push a bed on wheels down the main street of town with one person riding on the bed. The game cited South Whitley as the bed race capitol of the United States. |
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*The Whitko High School basketball team of 1990–1991 advanced to the final four of the [[Hoosier Hysteria|state tournament]], losing in the semifinal game.<ref>http://www.ihsaa.org/b-basketball_frame.htm IHSAA State Finals Scores</ref> This feat was accomplished when the state tournament was one class, before class basketball began (1997-98 school year). |
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*The Whitko High School football team of 1986 advanced to the class 2A state finals, where they defeated Tell City 26 to 0 to win the state championship. The victory is, as of present, Whitko's only team state championship. |
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*In 1989 Matthew Koontz with a record of 35-0 won the wrestling individual state championship at 112 lbs. in overtime 7-5. That year he also received the Ward E. Brown Mental Attitude Award. |
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== Media == |
== Media == |
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*[[WIOE]] 101.1 is licensed to South Whitley, but is located in nearby Warsaw.<ref name="FCC">{{cite web|url=http://transition.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/fmq?call=WIOE|title=WIOE Facility Record|accessdate=August 20, 2015|work=[[Federal Communications Commission]], audio division}}</ref><ref name="Location">{{cite web|url=http://wioe.com/site/contact/|title=Contact WIOE - Oldies 101 WIOE-FM|accessdate=August 20, 2015|work=Brian R. Walsh/WIOE}}</ref> |
*[[WIOE-FM]] 101.1 is licensed to South Whitley, but is located in nearby Warsaw.<ref name="FCC">{{cite web|url=http://transition.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/fmq?call=WIOE-FM|title=WIOE-FM Facility Record|accessdate=August 20, 2015|work=[[Federal Communications Commission]], audio division}}</ref><ref name="Location">{{cite web|url=http://wioe.com/site/contact/|title=Contact WIOE - Oldies 101 WIOE-FM|accessdate=August 20, 2015|work=Brian R. Walsh/WIOE}}</ref> |
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* [[Will Cuppy]] — humorist and journalist<ref>George Morrison Fleck, The Cuppy House, South Whitley, IN: Fleck Press, 1954</ref> |
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⚫ | * [[Hugo Fox]] — principal bassoonist in Chicago Symphony Orchestra<ref>On page 47 in the July 1927, issue of THE SPECIALITY SALESMAN MAGAZINE, a national magazine published in South Whitley, Hugo Fox is praised. Mr Fox was invited to attend a banquet given at the opening of South Whitley's first hotel, The Hicks Tavern, on Wednesday, May 11. Quote: "There was Mr. Hugo Fox, a former South Whitley boy, who is now playing with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and is too modest to say that he is the best bassoon player in the country today."(Fred Fox of South Whitley was the manager of The Hicks Tavern. Fred Fox and Hugo Fox were brothers.)</ref> |
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* [[Albert Fredrick Ottomar Germann]] — scientist and academic |
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*[[Jennie Bain Wilson]] — writer of Christian hymns<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/w/i/l/s/wilson_j.htm|title=Jennie Bain Wilson|last=|first=|date=|website=HymnTime|access-date=October 13, 2019}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Whitley County, Indiana}} |
{{Whitley County, Indiana}} |
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{{Fort Wayne Metro}} |
{{Fort Wayne Metro}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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[[Category:Towns in Whitley County, Indiana]] |
[[Category:Towns in Whitley County, Indiana]] |
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[[Category:Towns in Indiana]] |
[[Category:Towns in Indiana]] |
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[[Category:Fort Wayne |
[[Category:Fort Wayne, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area]] |
Latest revision as of 00:48, 1 May 2024
South Whitley, Indiana | |
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Town of South Whitley | |
Coordinates: 41°04′51″N 85°37′26″W / 41.08083°N 85.62389°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Indiana |
County | Whitley |
Township | Cleveland |
Area | |
• Total | 0.87 sq mi (2.25 km2) |
• Land | 0.85 sq mi (2.21 km2) |
• Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2) |
Elevation | 804 ft (245 m) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 1,818 |
• Density | 2,133.80/sq mi (823.97/km2) |
Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
ZIP code | 46787 |
Area code | 260 |
FIPS code | 18-71612[3] |
GNIS feature ID | 2397668[2] |
South Whitley is a town in Cleveland Township, Whitley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.[2] The population was 1,751 at the 2010 census. South Whitley is a town in the Midwestern tradition of red brick buildings and tree-lined streets.
History
[edit]South Whitley was originally called Springfield, and under the latter name was laid out in 1837. A post office was established that year under the name Whitley.[4] The post office was renamed to South Whitley in 1842, and still operates today.[5]
Geography
[edit]According to the 2010 census, South Whitley has a total area of 0.91 square miles (2.36 km2), all land.[6]
Demographics
[edit]Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 408 | — | |
1890 | 720 | 76.5% | |
1900 | 1,113 | 54.6% | |
1910 | 1,176 | 5.7% | |
1920 | 1,074 | −8.7% | |
1930 | 1,102 | 2.6% | |
1940 | 1,118 | 1.5% | |
1950 | 1,299 | 16.2% | |
1960 | 1,325 | 2.0% | |
1970 | 1,362 | 2.8% | |
1980 | 1,575 | 15.6% | |
1990 | 1,482 | −5.9% | |
2000 | 1,782 | 20.2% | |
2010 | 1,751 | −1.7% | |
2020 | 1,818 | 3.8% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[7] |
2010 census
[edit]As of the census[8] of 2010, there were 1,751 people, 729 households, and 482 families living in the town. The population density was 1,924.2 inhabitants per square mile (742.9/km2). There were 820 housing units at an average density of 901.1 per square mile (347.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.0% White, 0.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.
There were 729 households, of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.92.
The median age in the town was 37.6 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.3% were from 45 to 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.
2000 census
[edit]As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 1,782 people, 742 households, and 482 families living in the town. The population density was 2,423.2 inhabitants per square mile (935.6/km2). There were 791 housing units at an average density of 1,075.6 per square mile (415.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 99.16% White, 0.22% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.51% of the population.
There were 742 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $35,114, and the median income for a family was $42,438. Males had a median income of $34,653 versus $21,221 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,766. About 7.0% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.
Education
[edit]The town is served by Whitko Community School Corporation and contains South Whitley Elementary and Whitko Jr/Sr High School.
The town has a lending library, the South Whitley Community Public Library.[9]
Media
[edit]Notable people
[edit]- Will Cuppy — humorist and journalist[12]
- Hugo Fox — principal bassoonist in Chicago Symphony Orchestra[13]
- Janie Fricke — country music singer
- Albert Fredrick Ottomar Germann — scientist and academic
- Jennie Bain Wilson — writer of Christian hymns[14]
References
[edit]- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
- ^ a b c U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: South Whitley, Indiana
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ Kaler, Samuel P.; Maring, Richard H. (1907). History of Whitley County, Indiana. B. F. Bowen & Company. pp. 313.
- ^ "Whitley County". Jim Forte Postal History. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
- ^ "G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 11, 2012.
- ^ "Indiana public library directory" (PDF). Indiana State Library. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
- ^ "WIOE-FM Facility Record". Federal Communications Commission, audio division. Retrieved August 20, 2015.
- ^ "Contact WIOE - Oldies 101 WIOE-FM". Brian R. Walsh/WIOE. Retrieved August 20, 2015.
- ^ George Morrison Fleck, The Cuppy House, South Whitley, IN: Fleck Press, 1954
- ^ On page 47 in the July 1927, issue of THE SPECIALITY SALESMAN MAGAZINE, a national magazine published in South Whitley, Hugo Fox is praised. Mr Fox was invited to attend a banquet given at the opening of South Whitley's first hotel, The Hicks Tavern, on Wednesday, May 11. Quote: "There was Mr. Hugo Fox, a former South Whitley boy, who is now playing with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and is too modest to say that he is the best bassoon player in the country today."(Fred Fox of South Whitley was the manager of The Hicks Tavern. Fred Fox and Hugo Fox were brothers.)
- ^ "Jennie Bain Wilson". HymnTime. Retrieved October 13, 2019.