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The gens Numitoria was an ancient but minor plebeian family at ancient Rome. The first member of this gens to appear in history was Lucius Numitorius, elected tribune of the plebs in 472 BC. Although Numitorii are found down to the final century of the Republic, none of them ever held any of the higher magistracies.^[1]

Origin

The nomen Numitorius is a patronymic surname, based on the name Numitor, traditionally remembered as the name of the grandfather of Romulus and Remus, and the last of the Silvan kings of Alba Longa. Chase considers this to have been a genuine name from Latium's archaic past, signifying one who "arranges" or "orders".^[i]^[2]

Branches and cognomina

The only surname occurring among the Numitorii of the Republic is Pullus, meaning "dark" or "black".^[1]^[3]

Members

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

Lucius Numitorius, elected tribune of the plebs in 470 BC, the first year in which the tribunes were elected by the comitia tributa.^[4]^[5]
Numitoria, wife of the centurion Lucius Verginius, and the mother of Verginia.^[6]
Publius Numitorius, the uncle of Verginia, opposed the schemes of Appius Claudius Crassus, and after the downfall of the decemvirs in 449 BC, was elected tribune of the plebs. He accused the decemvir Spurius Oppius Cornicen of cruelly beating an old soldier, resulting in Oppius' condemnation and execution.^[7]^[8]^[9]
Gaius Numitorius, triumvir monetalis in 133 BC.^[10]
Quintus Numitorius Pullus, a native of Fregellae, which revolted in 125 BC, demanding Roman citizenship. Numitorius betrayed the Fregellates to the praetor Lucius Opimius, who captured and destroyed the town. His daughter was the wife of Marcus Antonius Creticus.^[11]^[12]^[13]
Gaius Numitorius C. l., a freedman named on an inscription in Praeneste dated circa 130–101 BC.^[14]
Aulus Numitorius C. l., a freedman named on an inscription in Delos dated 110 or 109 BC.^[15]
Gaius Numitorius A. l., a freedman named on an inscription in Delos dated 110 or 109 BC.^[15]
Gaius Numitorius C. f., a senator in 101 BC,^[ii] son of Gaius Numitorius, the moneyer of 133. He was killed by partisans of Marius and Cinna in 87 and his body was then dragged through the Forum.^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]
Publius Numitorius Hilarus, whose funeral relief is in the Museum of Terme, Rome^[20]
Numitoria Q. f., the wife of Marcus Antonius Creticus. They had no children.^[21]
Gaius Numitorius, an eques who testified against Verres.^[22]
Numitorius, the publisher of Vergil's Eclogues.^[23]
Gaius Numitorius Asclepiades (Rome).^[24]

Footnotes

^ Chase describes Numitor as a cognomen, although in unraveling the distant Roman past, it is sometimes difficult to establish whether a particular name should be considered a praenomen or a cognomen.
^ Classical scholars (Broughton, Syme, etc.) used to agree on the date of 129 BC for the Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno, where this name is found. However, more recent academics tends to follow Mattingly who asserted a date of 101 BC.

References

^ ^a ^b Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. II, p. 1215 ("Numitoria Gens").
^ Chase, pp. 131, 143.
^ The New College Latin & English Dictionary, s. v. pullus.
^ Livy, ii. 58.
^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 31.
^ Dionysius, xi. 30.
^ Livy, iii. 35, 54.
^ Dionysius, xi. 28, 38, 46.
^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 48.
^ Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage, pp. 277-278.
^ Cicero, De Inventione, ii. 34.
^ Livy, Epitome 60.
^ Velleius Paterculus, ii. 6.
^ CIL I, 1455
^ ^a ^b CIL I, 2257
^ Appian, Bellum Civile, i. 72.
^ Florus, iii. 21. § 14.
^ Sherk, "Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno", p. 368.
^ Mattingly, 1972, p. 420.
^ Beacham, Richard C. (1991). The Roman Theatre and Its Audience. ISBN 9780674779143.
^ Cicero, Philippicae, iii. 6.
^ Cicero, In Verrem, v. 63.
^ PIR, vol. II, p. 420.
^ CIL I, 1347

Bibliography

Marcus Tullius Cicero, De Inventione, In Verrem, Philippicae.
Publius Vergilius Maro (Vergil), Eclogues (Bucolics).
Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita (History of Rome).
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia.
Marcus Velleius Paterculus, Compendium of Roman History.
Lucius Annaeus Florus, Epitome de T. Livio Bellorum Omnium Annorum DCC (Epitome of Livy: All the Wars of Seven Hundred Years).
Appianus Alexandrinus (Appian), Bellum Civile (The Civil War).
Cassius Dio, Roman History.
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol. VIII (1897).
Paul von Rohden, Elimar Klebs, & Hermann Dessau, Prosopographia Imperii Romani (The Prosopography of the Roman Empire, abbreviated PIR), Berlin (1898).
T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, American Philological Association (1952).
Robert K. Sherk, "The Text of the Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno", in Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies, vol. 7, pp. 361–369 (1966).
Harold B. Mattingly, "The Date of the Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno", in The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 93, No. 3 (Jul., 1972), pp. 412–423.
Michael Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage, Cambridge University Press (1974, 2001).
John C. Traupman, The New College Latin & English Dictionary, Bantam Books, New York (1995).

[2] Chase describes Numitor as a cognomen, although in unraveling the distant Roman past, it is sometimes difficult to establish whether a particular name should be considered a praenomen or a cognomen.

[17] Classical scholars (Broughton, Syme, etc.) used to agree on the date of 129 BC for the Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno, where this name is found. However, more recent academics tends to follow Mattingly who asserted a date of 101 BC.

[DGRBM_Numitoria_Gens-1] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. II, p. 1215 ("Numitoria Gens").

[3] Chase, pp. 131, 143.

[4] The New College Latin & English Dictionary, s. v. pullus.

[5] Livy, ii. 58.

[6] Broughton, vol. I, p. 31.

[7] Dionysius, xi. 30.

[8] Livy, iii. 35, 54.

[9] Dionysius, xi. 28, 38, 46.

[10] Broughton, vol. I, p. 48.

[11] Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage, pp. 277-278.

[12] Cicero, De Inventione, ii. 34.

[13] Livy, Epitome 60.

[14] Velleius Paterculus, ii. 6.

[15] CIL I, 1455

[cil1.2257-16] CIL I, 2257

[18] Appian, Bellum Civile, i. 72.

[19] Florus, iii. 21. § 14.

[20] Sherk, "Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno", p. 368.

[21] Mattingly, 1972, p. 420.

[22] Beacham, Richard C. (1991). The Roman Theatre and Its Audience. ISBN 9780674779143.

[23] Cicero, Philippicae, iii. 6.

[24] Cicero, In Verrem, v. 63.

[25] PIR, vol. II, p. 420.

[26] CIL I, 1347

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Ancient Roman family}}
-The '''gens Numitoria''' was an ancient but minor [[plebs|plebeian]] family at [[ancient Rome|Rome]].  The first member of this [[gens]] to appear in history was Lucius Numitorius, elected [[Tribune of the Plebs|tribune of the plebs]] in 472 BC.  Although Numitorii are found down to the final century of the [[Roman Republic|Republic]], none of them ever held any of the higher [[Roman magistrate|magistracies]].<ref name="DGRBM Numitoria Gens">''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 1215 ("Numitoria Gens").</ref>
+The '''gens Numitoria''' was an ancient but minor [[plebeian]] family at [[ancient Rome]].  The first member of this [[gens]] to appear in history was Lucius Numitorius, elected [[tribune of the plebs]] in 472 BC.  Although Numitorii are found down to the final century of the [[Roman Republic|Republic]], none of them ever held any of the higher [[Roman magistrate|magistracies]].<ref name="DGRBM Numitoria Gens">''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 1215 ("[[s:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Numitoria gens|Numitoria Gens]]").</ref>
 ==Origin==
-The [[Roman naming conventions#nomen|nomen]] ''Numitorius'' is a patronymic surname, based on the name ''Numitor'', traditionally remembered as the name of the grandfather of [[Romulus and Remus]], and the last of the Silvan kings of [[Alba Longa]].  Chase considers this to have been a genuine name from [[Latium|Latium's]] archaic past, signifying one who "arranges" or "orders".{{efn-lr|Chase describes ''Numitor'' as a cognomen, although in unraveling the distant Roman past, it is sometimes difficult to establish whether a particular name should be considered a praenomen or a cognomen.}}<ref>Chase, pp. 131, 143.</ref>
+The [[nomen gentilicium|nomen]] ''Numitorius'' is a patronymic surname, based on the name ''Numitor'', traditionally remembered as the name of the grandfather of [[Romulus and Remus]], and the last of the Silvan kings of [[Alba Longa]].  Chase considers this to have been a genuine name from [[Latium]]'s archaic past, signifying one who "arranges" or "orders".{{efn-lr|Chase describes ''Numitor'' as a cognomen, although in unraveling the distant Roman past, it is sometimes difficult to establish whether a particular name should be considered a praenomen or a cognomen.}}<ref>Chase, pp. 131, 143.</ref>
 ==Branches and cognomina==
@@ Line 10: / Line 11: @@
 {{Filiation}}
-* [[Lucius Numitorius]], elected tribune of the plebs in 470 BC, the first year in which the tribunes were elected by the [[Tribal Assembly|comitia tributa]].<ref>Livy, ii. 58.</ref><ref>Broughton, vol. I, p. 31.</ref>
+* [[Lucius Numitorius]], elected tribune of the plebs in 470 BC, the first year in which the tribunes were elected by the [[Tribal Assembly|''comitia tributa'']].<ref>Livy, ii. 58.</ref><ref>Broughton, vol. I, p. 31.</ref>
-* [[Numitoria (mother of Verginia)|Numitoria]], wife of the [[centurion]] Lucius Verginius, and the mother of [[Verginia]].<ref>Dionysius, xi. 30.</ref>
+* Numitoria, wife of the [[centurion]] Lucius Verginius, and the mother of [[Verginia]].<ref>Dionysius, xi. 30.</ref>
 * [[Publius Numitorius]], the uncle of Verginia, opposed the schemes of [[Appius Claudius Crassus]], and after the downfall of the [[Decemviri|decemvirs]] in 449 BC, was elected tribune of the plebs.  He accused the decemvir [[Spurius Oppius Cornicen]] of cruelly beating an old soldier, resulting in Oppius' condemnation and execution.<ref>Livy, iii. 35, 54.</ref><ref>Dionysius, xi. 28, 38, 46.</ref><ref>Broughton, vol. I, p. 48.</ref>
-* Gaius Numitorius, ''[[List of Roman moneyers during the Republic|triumvir monetalis]]'' in 133 BC.<ref>Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', pp. 277-278.</ref>
+* Gaius Numitorius, ''[[triumvir monetalis]]'' in 133 BC.<ref>Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', pp. 277-278.</ref>
 * [[Quintus Numitorius Pullus]], a native of [[Fregellae]], which revolted in 125 BC, demanding [[Roman citizenship]].  Numitorius betrayed the Fregellates to the [[praetor]] Lucius Opimius, who captured and destroyed the town.  His daughter was the wife of [[Marcus Antonius Creticus]].<ref>Cicero, ''De Inventione'', ii. 34.</ref><ref>Livy, ''Epitome'' 60.</ref><ref>Velleius Paterculus, ii. 6.</ref>
+* Gaius Numitorius C. l., a freedman named on an inscription in [[Praeneste]] dated ''circa'' 130–101 BC.<ref>{{CIL|1|1455}}</ref>
-* Gaius Numitorius C. f., a senator in 101 BC{{efn-lr|Classical scholars (Broughton, Syme, etc.) used to agree on the date of 129 BC for the ''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno'', where this name is found. However, more recent academics tends to follow Mattingly who asserted a date of 101 BC.}}, son of Gaius Numitorius, the moneyer of 133.  He was killed by partisans of [[Gaius Marius|Marius]] and [[Lucius Cornelius Cinna|Cinna]] in 87 and his body was then dragged through the [[Roman Forum|Forum]].<ref>Appian, ''Bellum Civile'', i. 72.</ref><ref>Florus, iii. 21. § 14.</ref><ref>Sherk, "''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno''", p. 368.</ref><ref>Mattingly, 1972, p. 420.</ref>
+* Aulus Numitorius C. l., a freedman named on an inscription in [[Delos]] dated 110 or 109 BC.<ref name=cil1.2257>{{CIL|1|2257}}</ref>
-* Publius Numitorius Hilarus, who's funeral relief is in the Museum of Terme, Rome<ref>https://books.google.se/books?id=5YAYYbGXuzoC&pg=PA123&dq=Numitorius+Hilarus&hl=sv&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwigkcqo6sTsAhVikosKHQPDC2gQ6AEwAHoECAQQAg#v=onepage&q=Numitorius%20Hilarus&f=false</ref>
+* Gaius Numitorius A. l., a freedman named on an inscription in [[Delos]] dated 110 or 109 BC.<ref name=cil1.2257/>
-* [[Numitoria (wife of Antonius)|Numitoria Q. f.]], the wife of Marcus Antonius Creticus.<ref>Cicero, ''Philippicae'', iii. 6.</ref>
+* Gaius Numitorius C. f., a senator in 101 BC,{{efn-lr|Classical scholars (Broughton, Syme, etc.) used to agree on the date of 129 BC for the ''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno'', where this name is found. However, more recent academics tends to follow Mattingly who asserted a date of 101 BC.}} son of Gaius Numitorius, the moneyer of 133.  He was killed by partisans of [[Gaius Marius|Marius]] and [[Lucius Cornelius Cinna|Cinna]] in 87 and his body was then dragged through the [[Roman Forum|Forum]].<ref>Appian, ''Bellum Civile'', i. 72.</ref><ref>Florus, iii. 21. § 14.</ref><ref>Sherk, "''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno''", p. 368.</ref><ref>Mattingly, 1972, p. 420.</ref>
-* Gaius Numitorius, an [[equites|eques]] who testified against [[Verres]].<ref>Cicero, ''In Verrem'', v. 63.</ref>
+* Publius Numitorius Hilarus, whose funeral relief is in the Museum of Terme, Rome<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5YAYYbGXuzoC&dq=Numitorius+Hilarus&pg=PA123|title=The Roman Theatre and Its Audience|isbn=9780674779143|last1=Beacham|first1=Richard C.|year=1991}}</ref>
-* Numitorius, the publisher of [[Virgil|Vergil's]] ''[[Eclogues]]''.<ref>''PIR'', vol. II, p. 420.</ref>
+* Numitoria Q. f., the wife of [[Marcus Antonius Creticus]].  They had no children.<ref>Cicero, ''Philippicae'', iii. 6.</ref>
+* Gaius Numitorius, an [[equites|''eques'']] who testified against [[Verres]].<ref>Cicero, ''In Verrem'', v. 63.</ref>
+* Numitorius, the publisher of [[Virgil|Vergil]]'s ''[[Eclogues]]''.<ref>''PIR'', vol. II, p. 420.</ref>
+* Gaius Numitorius Asclepiades (Rome).<ref>{{CIL|1|1347}}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 31: / Line 36: @@
 ==Bibliography==
-{{Refbegin|30em}}
+{{Refbegin|30em|indent=y}}
 * [[Cicero|Marcus Tullius Cicero]], ''[[De Inventione]]'', ''[[In Verrem]]'', ''[[Philippicae]]''.
 * Publius Vergilius Maro ([[Virgil|Vergil]]), ''[[Eclogues]]'' (Bucolics).
-* Titus Livius ([[Livy]]), ''[[Ab Urbe Condita Libri (Livy)|Ab Urbe Condita]]'' (History of Rome).
+* Titus Livius ([[Livy]]), ''[[Ab Urbe Condita Libri|Ab Urbe Condita]]'' (History of Rome).
 * [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus]], ''Romaike Archaiologia''.
 * [[Marcus Velleius Paterculus]], ''Compendium of Roman History''.
 * [[Florus|Lucius Annaeus Florus]], ''Epitome de T. Livio Bellorum Omnium Annorum DCC'' (Epitome of Livy: All the Wars of Seven Hundred Years).
 * Appianus Alexandrinus ([[Appian]]), ''Bellum Civile'' (The Civil War).
-* Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus ([[Cassius Dio]]), ''Roman History''.
+* [[Cassius Dio]], ''Roman History''.
 * ''[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology]]'', [[William Smith (lexicographer)|William Smith]], ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
 * George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897).
 * [[Paul von Rohden]], [[Elimar Klebs]], & [[Hermann Dessau]], ''[[Prosopographia Imperii Romani]]'' (The Prosopography of the Roman Empire, abbreviated ''PIR''), Berlin (1898).
 * [[Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton|T. Robert S. Broughton]], ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', American Philological Association (1952).
-* Robert K. Sherk, "[http://grbs.library.duke.edu/article/viewFile/11381/4167 The Text of the ''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno'']", in ''Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies'', vol. 7, pp. 361–369 (1966).
+* Robert K. Sherk, "[http://grbs.library.duke.edu/article/viewFile/11381/4167 The Text of the ''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno'']", in ''Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies'', vol. 7, pp.&nbsp;361–369 (1966).
-* Harold B. Mattingly, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/293557 The Date of the Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno]", in ''The American Journal of Philology'', Vol. 93, No. 3 (Jul., 1972), pp. 412-423.
+* Harold B. Mattingly, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/293557 The Date of the Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno]", in ''The American Journal of Philology'', Vol. 93, No. 3 (Jul., 1972), pp.&nbsp;412–423.
 * [[Michael Crawford (historian)|Michael Crawford]], ''Roman Republican Coinage'', Cambridge University Press (1974, 2001).
 * John C. Traupman, ''The New College Latin & English Dictionary'', Bantam Books, New York (1995).
 {{Refend}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Numitoria (gens)}}
 [[Category:Roman gentes]]