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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| name = Prairie onion
| name = Prairie onion
| taxon = Allium textile
| taxon = Allium textile
| parent = Allium subg. Amerallium
| image = Alliumtextile.jpg
| image = Alliumtextile.jpg
| authority = [[Aven Nelson|A.Nelson]] & [[James Francis Macbride|J.F.Macbr.]]<ref name="WCSP_296789">{{Citation |chapter=''Allium textile''|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=296789 |accessdate=2013-07-28}}</ref>
| authority = [[Aven Nelson|A.Nelson]] & [[James Francis Macbride|J.F.Macbr.]]<ref name="WCSP_296789">{{WCSP|296789|Allium textile |access-date=2013-07-28}}</ref>
| status = G5
| status_system = TNC
| status_ref = <ref name="TNC status 22 Jun 2022">{{Cite web|date=2022-06-22 |url= https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.156636|access-date=22 Jun 2022 |website=NatureServe Explorer Allium textile|title = NatureServe Explorer - Allium textile |publisher=NatureServe}}</ref>
|synonyms =
|synonyms =
{{collapsible list|bullets = true
{{collapsible list|bullets = true
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|''[[Maligia laxa]]'' <small>Raf.</small>
|''[[Maligia laxa]]'' <small>Raf.</small>
}}
}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{Tropicos|accessdate=6 September 2016}}</ref><ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-296789 The Plant List]</ref>
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{Tropicos |accessdate=6 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{ThePlantList |id=kew-296789 |taxon=Allium textile}}</ref>
}}
}}


[[Image:Allium textile drawing.png|thumb|1913 illustration<ref>[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ALTE&photoID=alre5_001_avd.tif drawing from Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 1: 500].</ref>]]
[[Image:Allium textile drawing.png|thumb|1913 illustration<ref>[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ALTE&photoID=alre5_001_avd.tif drawing from Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 1: 500].</ref>]]
'''''Allium textile''''' ('''prairie onion''' or '''textile onion)''' is a common species of [[Allium|wild onion]] found in the central part of [[North America]].
'''''Allium textile''''' ('''prairie onion''' or '''textile onion)''' is a common species of wild [[Allium|onion]] found in the central part of [[North America]].


== Description ==
== Description ==


''A. textile'' produces egg-shaped bulbs up to 2.5&nbsp;cm long. There are no [[rhizomes]]. [[Scape (botany)|Scapes]] are round in cross-section, up to 40&nbsp;cm tall. Flowers are bell-shaped or urn-shaped, about 6&nbsp;mm in diameter; [[tepals]] white or pink with reddish-brown midribs; [[pollen]] and [[anthers]] yellow.
''A. textile'' produces egg-shaped bulbs up to 2.5&nbsp;cm long. There are no [[rhizomes]]. [[Scape (botany)|Scapes]] are round in cross-section, up to 40&nbsp;cm tall. Flowers are bell-shaped or urn-shaped, about 6&nbsp;mm in diameter; [[tepals]] white or pink with reddish-brown midribs; [[pollen]] and [[anthers]] yellow.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}


== Taxonomy ==
== Taxonomy ==
Line 30: Line 35:
== Distribution and habitat ==
== Distribution and habitat ==


The native range of ''A. textile'' extends across the [[Great Plains]] states from [[Oklahoma]] to [[Montana]] and [[Minnesota]], plus the [[Rocky Mountain]] and [[Great Basin]] states from northern [[New Mexico]] to [[Washington (state)|Washington]], plus the [[Canada|Canadian]] provinces of [[Alberta]], [[Saskatchewan]] and [[Manitoba]]. There is also a report of an isolated population in [[Indiana]].<ref name="fna">{{EFloras|1|242101407|Allium textile}}</ref><ref>{{BONAP|ref|genus=Allium|species=textile}}</ref> ''Allium textile'' grows on dry, sunlit locations at elevations of 300–2400 m.<ref name="fna"/><ref>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10347368#page/557/mode/1up Nelson, Aven & Macbride, James Francis. 1913. Botanical Gazette 56(6): 470.]</ref><ref>Presl, Jan Svatopluk, & Presl, Carl Bořivoj. 1819. Flora Čechica 73.</ref><ref>Fraser, John. 1827. Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society 6: 36.</ref><ref>Cronquist, A.J., A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren & Reveal. 1977. Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. 6: 1–584. In A.J. Cronquist, A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren, J. L. Reveal & P. K. Holmgren (eds.) Intermountain Flora. Hafner Pub. Co., New York.</ref><ref>Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.</ref><ref>Moss, E. H. 1983. Flora of Alberta (ed. 2) i–xii, 1–687. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.</ref>
The native range of ''A. textile'' extends across the [[Great Plains]] states from [[Oklahoma]] to [[Montana]] and [[Minnesota]], plus the [[Rocky Mountain]] and [[Great Basin]] states from northern [[New Mexico]] to [[Washington (state)|Washington]], plus the [[Canada|Canadian]] provinces of [[Alberta]], [[Saskatchewan]] and [[Manitoba]]. There is also a report of an isolated population in [[Indiana]].<ref name="fna">{{EFloras|1|242101407|Allium textile |family=Liliaceae |first1=Dale W. |last=McNeal Jr. |first2=T. D. |last2=Jacobsen}}</ref><ref>{{BONAP|ref|genus=Allium|species=textile}}</ref> ''Allium textile'' grows on dry, sunlit locations at elevations of 300–2400 m.<ref name="fna"/><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10347368#page/557/mode/1up |last1=Nelson |first1=Aven |last2=Macbride |first2=James Francis |title=Western Plant Studies. II |date=1913 |journal=Botanical Gazette |volume=56 |issue=6 |page=470|doi=10.1086/331195 |s2cid=224844931 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Presl |first1=Jan Svatopluk |last2=Presl |first2=Carl Bořivoj |date=1819 |title=Flora Čechica |url=https://archive.org/details/floraechicaindic00presuoft |page=[https://archive.org/details/floraechicaindic00presuoft/page/73 73]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Don |first=George |chapter=A Monograph of the Genus ''Allium'' |chapter-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/180110#page/48 |orig-year=written 1826 |date=1832 |title=Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society |volume=6 |page=36|publisher=The Society }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |date=1977 |title=Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. |volume=6 |pages=1–584 |editor1-first=A.J. |editor1-last=Cronquist |editor2-first=A. H. |editor2-last=Holmgren |editor3-first=N. H. |editor3-last=Holmgren |editor4-first=J. L. |editor4-last=Reveal |editor5-first=P. K. |editor5-last=Holmgren |encyclopedia=Intermountain Flora |publisher=Hafner Publishing Company |place=New York}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor=Great Plains Flora Association |date=1986 |title=Flora of the Great Plains |publisher=University Press of Kansas |place=Lawrence}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Moss |first=E. H. |date=1983 |title=Flora of Alberta |url=https://archive.org/details/floraofalbertama0000moss |url-access=registration |edition=2nd |publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=9780802025081 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Choi|first1=Hyeok Jae|last2=Cota-Sánchez|first2=J. Hugo|title=A taxonomic revision of ''Allium'' (Alliaceae) in the Canadian prairie provinces|url=http://www.herbarium.usask.ca/research/articles/Choi_Cota-Sanchez_AlliumPrairieProv_Botany_2010.pdf|journal=[[Botany (journal)|Botany]]|date=September 2010|volume=88|issue=9|pages=787–809|doi=10.1139/B10-056}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Choi|first1=Hyeok Jae|last2=Cota-Sánchez|first2=J. Hugo|title=A taxonomic revision of ''Allium'' (Alliaceae) in the Canadian prairie provinces|url=http://www.herbarium.usask.ca/research/articles/Choi_Cota-Sanchez_AlliumPrairieProv_Botany_2010.pdf|journal=[[Botany (journal)|Botany]]|date=September 2010|volume=88|issue=9|pages=787–809|doi=10.1139/B10-056|access-date=2017-01-28|archive-date=2015-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919163031/http://www.herbarium.usask.ca/research/articles/Choi_Cota-Sanchez_AlliumPrairieProv_Botany_2010.pdf|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Choi|first1=Hyeok Jae|last2=Giussani|first2=Liliana M.|last3=Jang|first3=Chang Gee|last4=Oh|first4=Byoung Un|last5=Cota-Sánchez|first5=J. Hugo|title=Systematics of disjunct northeastern Asian and northern North American ''Allium'' (Amaryllidaceae)|journal=Botany|date=June 2012|volume=90|issue=6|pages=491–508|doi=10.1139/b2012-031|ref={{harvid|Choi et al|2012}}}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Choi|first1=Hyeok Jae|last2=Giussani|first2=Liliana M.|last3=Jang|first3=Chang Gee|last4=Oh|first4=Byoung Un|last5=Cota-Sánchez|first5=J. Hugo|title=Systematics of disjunct northeastern Asian and northern North American ''Allium'' (Amaryllidaceae)|journal=Botany|date=June 2012|volume=90|issue=6|pages=491–508|doi=10.1139/b2012-031|ref={{harvid|Choi et al|2012}}|hdl=11336/68813|hdl-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|last1= Choi|first1=Hyeok Jae|last2=Davis|first2=Arthur R.|last3=Cota-Sánchez|first3=J. Hugo|title=Comparative Floral Structure of Four New World ''Allium'' (Amaryllidaceae) Species|journal=[[Systematic Botany]]|volume=36|issue=4|pages=870–882|doi=10.1600/036364411x604895|ref={{harvid|Choi et al|2011}}}}
* {{cite journal|last1= Choi|first1=Hyeok Jae|last2=Davis|first2=Arthur R.|last3=Cota-Sánchez|first3=J. Hugo|title=Comparative Floral Structure of Four New World ''Allium'' (Amaryllidaceae) Species|journal=[[Systematic Botany]]|volume=36|issue=4|pages=870–882|doi=10.1600/036364411x604895|ref={{harvid|Choi et al|2011}}|year=2011|s2cid=85573965}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{PFAF|Allium textile}}


{{Allium|state=collapsed}}
{{Allium|state=collapsed}}
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[[Category:Onions]]
[[Category:Onions]]
[[Category:Flora of the Northwestern United States]]
[[Category:Flora of the Northwestern United States]]
[[Category:Flora of the Plains-Midwest (United States)]]
[[Category:Flora of the United States]]
[[Category:Flora of Western Canada]]
[[Category:Flora of Western Canada]]
[[Category:Flora of the Great Basin]]
[[Category:Flora of the Great Basin]]
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[[Category:Taxa named by Aven Nelson]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Aven Nelson]]


⚫
{{Allium-stub}}

⚫
{{Asparagales-stub}}

Latest revision as of 06:39, 20 November 2023

Prairie onion

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Allioideae
Genus: Allium
Subgenus: A. subg. Amerallium
Species:
A. textile
Binomial name
Allium textile
Synonyms[3][4]
Synonymy
  • Allium angulosum Pursh 1813, illegitimate homonym not L. 1753
  • Allium aridum Rydb.
  • Allium geyeri var. textile (A. Nelson & J.F. Macbr.) B. Boivin
  • Allium reticulatum Fraser ex G. Don 1827, illegitimate homonym, not J. Presl & C. Presl 1817
  • Allium reticulatum var. playanum M.E. Jones
  • Maligia laxa Raf.
1913 illustration[5]

Allium textile (prairie onion or textile onion) is a common species of wild onion found in the central part of North America.

Description

[edit]

A. textile produces egg-shaped bulbs up to 2.5 cm long. There are no rhizomes. Scapes are round in cross-section, up to 40 cm tall. Flowers are bell-shaped or urn-shaped, about 6 mm in diameter; tepals white or pink with reddish-brown midribs; pollen and anthers yellow.[citation needed]

Taxonomy

[edit]

A. textile is placed within section Amerallium, subgenus Amerallium.[6][7]

Distribution and habitat

[edit]

The native range of A. textile extends across the Great Plains states from Oklahoma to Montana and Minnesota, plus the Rocky Mountain and Great Basin states from northern New Mexico to Washington, plus the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. There is also a report of an isolated population in Indiana.[8][9] Allium textile grows on dry, sunlit locations at elevations of 300–2400 m.[8][10][11][12][13][14][15]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "NatureServe Explorer - Allium textile". NatureServe Explorer Allium textile. NatureServe. 2022-06-22. Retrieved 22 Jun 2022.
  2. ^ "Allium textile". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
  3. ^ "Allium textile". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  4. ^ "Allium textile". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  5. ^ drawing from Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 1: 500.
  6. ^ Choi et al 2012.
  7. ^ Choi et al 2011.
  8. ^ a b McNeal Jr., Dale W.; Jacobsen, T. D. (2002). "Allium textile". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 26. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  9. ^ "Allium textile". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  10. ^ Nelson, Aven; Macbride, James Francis (1913). "Western Plant Studies. II". Botanical Gazette. 56 (6): 470. doi:10.1086/331195. S2CID 224844931.
  11. ^ Presl, Jan Svatopluk; Presl, Carl Bořivoj (1819). Flora Čechica. p. 73.
  12. ^ Don, George (1832) [written 1826]. "A Monograph of the Genus Allium". Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society. Vol. 6. The Society. p. 36.
  13. ^ Cronquist, A.J.; Holmgren, A. H.; Holmgren, N. H.; Reveal, J. L.; Holmgren, P. K., eds. (1977). "Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A.". Intermountain Flora. Vol. 6. New York: Hafner Publishing Company. pp. 1–584.
  14. ^ Great Plains Flora Association, ed. (1986). Flora of the Great Plains. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
  15. ^ Moss, E. H. (1983). Flora of Alberta (2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9780802025081.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]

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