Allocasuarina huegeliana: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Speciesbox |
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| color = lightgreen |
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| name = ''Rock sheoak'' |
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|image_caption = ''A. huegeliana'' woodland near [[Wagin, Western Australia|Wagin]] |
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae |
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|image2 = Allocasuarina huegeliana - Flickr - Kevin Thiele.jpg |
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] |
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]] |
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| ordo = [[Fagales]] |
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|species = huegeliana |
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| familia = [[Casuarinaceae]] |
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|authority = ([[Miq.]]) [[L.A.S.Johnson]]<ref name="APC">{{cite web |title=''Allocasuarina huegeliana'' |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/82284|website=Australian Plant Census|accessdate=6 June 2023}}</ref> |
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|synonyms_ref = <ref name="APC" /> |
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|synonyms = |
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* ''Casuarina dorrienii'' <small>[[Karel Domin|Domin]]</small> |
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| binomial_authority = (Miq.) L.A.S.Johnson |
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* ''Casuarina huegeliana'' <small>Miq.</small> |
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|status = LC |
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|status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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|status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{Cite iucn |title=''Allocasuarina huegeliana'' |author=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group & Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) |name-list-style=amp |page=e.T172665355A172923676 |date=2020 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T172665355A172923676.en |access-date=14 August 2021}}</ref> |
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|range_map=AllocasuarinahuegelianaDistributionMap24.png |
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|range_map_caption=Occurrence data from [[Australasian Virtual Herbarium|AVH]] |
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}} |
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'''''Allocasuarina huegeliana''''', commonly known as '''rock sheoak''' |
'''''Allocasuarina huegeliana''''', commonly known as '''rock sheoak'''<ref name=FB>{{FloraBase|name=''Allocasuarina huegeliana''|f=070|id=1731}}</ref> is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Casuarinaceae]] and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a [[Dioecy|dioecious]] tree that has its leaves reduced to scales in whorls of eight to ten, the mature fruiting cones {{cvt|14–35|mm}} long containing winged seeds (samaras) {{cvt|5–7|mm}} long. |
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==Description== |
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Rock sheoak grows to a height of between six and nine metres. It has sparse foliage that forms a rounded outline. Sometimes it branches at ground level, but usually has a [[bole]] of a few metres. As with other ''[[Allocasuarina]]'' species, the foliage consists of slender green branchlets informally referred to as "needles" but more correctly termed [[cladode]]s. These are segmented, and the true leaves are reduced to tiny teeth encircling each joint. Male trees have small brown flower spikes at the end of branchlets. Female trees bear small flowers on short branchlets of their own. Fertilised flowers develop egg-shaped cones about 1½ to 3 centimetres wide. |
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''Allocasuarina huegeliana'' is a dioecious tree that typically grows to a height of {{cvt|4–10|m}} and has dark, fissured bark. Its needle-like branchlets are up to {{cvt|400|mm}} long, the leaves reduced to scale-like teeth {{cvt|0.5–0.7|mm}} long, arranged in whorls of eight to ten around the branchlets. The sections of branchlet between the leaf whorls (the "articles") are mostly {{cvt|8–13|mm}} long and {{cvt|0.8–0.9|mm}} wide. Male flowers are arranged in spikes {{cvt|20–100|mm}} long, in whorls of 4.5 to seven per centimetre (per 0.39 in.), the [[Stamen#Morphology and terminology|anthers]] {{cvt|0.8–1.2|mm}} long. Female cones are borne on a [[Peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] {{cvt|3–5|mm}} long. Flowering occurs from May to December or January, and the mature cones are {{cvt|14–35|mm}} long and {{cvt|10–14|mm}} in diameter containing dark brown to black samaras {{cvt|5–7|mm}} long. This species is similar to ''[[Allocasuarina verticillata|A. verticillata]]''.<ref name="FB" /><ref name="foa">{{cite web |title=''Allocasuarina huegeliana'' |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Allocasuarina%20huegeliana |publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra |access-date=6 June 2023}}</ref><ref name="foab">{{cite web |title=''Allocasuarina verticillata'' |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Allocasuarina%20verticillata |publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra |access-date=6 June 2023}}</ref> |
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==Taxonomy== |
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Rock Sheoak was first collected on [[Mount Brown, Western Australia|Mount Brown]] near [[York, Western Australia|York]] in 1840 by [[Ludwig Preiss]]. The specific name ''huegeliana'' honours the [[Austria]]n [[natural history|naturalist]] Baron [[Carl von Huegel]]. The common name "rock sheoak" refers to its habitat, which often contains granite rocks. The alternative common name "sighing sheoak" alludes to the sound of the wind in the foliage. |
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This species was first formally described in 1848 by [[Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel]] who gave it the name ''Casuarina huegeliana'' in [[Johann Georg Christian Lehmann|Lehmann's]] ''[[Plantae Preissianae]]'', from specimens collected on [[Mount Brown, Western Australia|Mount Brown]] near [[York, Western Australia|York]] in 1840 by [[Ludwig Preiss]].<ref name=APNI1>{{cite web|title=''Casuarina huegeliana''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/458416|publisher=APNI|access-date=6 June 2023}}</ref><ref name="Miq.">{{cite book |last1=Miquel |first1=Friedrich A.W. |editor-last1=Lehmann |editor-first1=Johann G.C. |title=Plantae Preissianae |volume=1 |date=1845 |publisher=Sumptibus Meissneri |location=Hamburg |page=640 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9227#page/645/mode/1up |access-date=6 June 2023}}</ref> It was reclassified in 1982 as ''Allocasuarina drummondiana'' by [[Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson|Lawrie Johnson]] in the ''[[Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens]]''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Allocasuarina huegeliana''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/499335|publisher=APNI|access-date=6 June 2023}}</ref> The [[Binomial nomenclature|specific epithet]] (''huegeliana'') honours the collector of the [[Type (biology)|type]] specimens.<ref name="Sharr">{{cite book |last1=Sharr |first1=Francis Aubi |last2=George |first2=Alex |title=Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings |date=2019 |publisher=Four Gables Press |location=Kardinya, WA |isbn=9780958034180 |page=219 |edition=3rd}}</ref> |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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It is also used as host species in [[Santalum spicatum|Sandalwood]] plantations <ref> ''Sandalwood Guide for Farmers'' Forest Products Commission April 2007' </ref> |
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Rock sheoak grows near granite in the south-west of Western Australia, where it in native in parts of its range, but naturalised in other places. It occurs from the [[Murchison River (Western Australia)|Murchison River]] and [[Mingenew]], south to the south coast, and east to near [[Balladonia]], in the [[Avon Wheatbelt]], [[Coolgardie bioregion|Coolgardie]], [[Esperance Plains]], [[Geraldton Sandplains]], [[Jarrah Forest]], [[Mallee bioregion|Mallee]], [[Murchison bioregion|Murchison]] and [[Swan Coastal Plain]] bioregions of Western Australia.<ref name="FB" /> |
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==Conservation status== |
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==Notes== |
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''Allocasuarina huegeliana'' is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia [[Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (Western Australia)|Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions]].<ref name="FB" /> |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Use in horticulture== |
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''A. huegeliana'' is a moderate to fast growing tree that is [[nitrogen fixing]]. It can be grown as a windbreak. The species thrives in well-drained soils but will do poorly in saline or poorly drained areas. The attractive and dense wood from the tree is used to make specialty furniture while the foliage is used by grazing stock as fodder. The species is [[drought]] and [[frost]] tolerant but will be killed by fire. Trees can live up an age of over 15 years.<ref name=FloraBank>{{cite web|url=http://www.florabank.org.au/lucid/key/species%20navigator/media/html/Allocasuarina_huegeliana.htm|title=Allocasuarina huegeliana|work=Fact Sheet|accessdate=3 April 2018|publisher=FloraBank}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{wikispecies|Allocasuarina huegeliana}} |
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* {{Flora of Australia Online|name=Allocasuarina huegeliana|id=283}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q4732990}} |
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* {{FloraBase|name=Allocasuarina huegeliana|f=070|id=1731}} |
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* {{cite book|author=Powell, Robert|year=1990|title=Leaf and Branch: Trees and Tall Shrubs of Perth|publisher=Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia|isbn=0-7309-3916-2}} |
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[[Category:Allocasuarina|huegeliana]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Rosids of Western Australia]] |
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[[Category:Fagales of Australia]] |
[[Category:Fagales of Australia]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1845]] |
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[[Category:Dioecious plants]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:31, 6 June 2023
| Allocasuarina huegeliana | |
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| A. huegeliana woodland near Wagin | |
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| A. huegeliana: Fruit | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Casuarinaceae |
| Genus: | Allocasuarina |
| Species: | A. huegeliana
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| Binomial name | |
| Allocasuarina huegeliana | |
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| Occurrence data from AVH | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Allocasuarina huegeliana, commonly known as rock sheoak[3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Casuarinaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a dioecious tree that has its leaves reduced to scales in whorls of eight to ten, the mature fruiting cones 14–35 mm (0.55–1.38 in) long containing winged seeds (samaras) 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long.
Description
[edit]Allocasuarina huegeliana is a dioecious tree that typically grows to a height of 4–10 m (13–33 ft) and has dark, fissured bark. Its needle-like branchlets are up to 400 mm (16 in) long, the leaves reduced to scale-like teeth 0.5–0.7 mm (0.020–0.028 in) long, arranged in whorls of eight to ten around the branchlets. The sections of branchlet between the leaf whorls (the "articles") are mostly 8–13 mm (0.31–0.51 in) long and 0.8–0.9 mm (0.031–0.035 in) wide. Male flowers are arranged in spikes 20–100 mm (0.79–3.94 in) long, in whorls of 4.5 to seven per centimetre (per 0.39 in.), the anthers 0.8–1.2 mm (0.031–0.047 in) long. Female cones are borne on a peduncle 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) long. Flowering occurs from May to December or January, and the mature cones are 14–35 mm (0.55–1.38 in) long and 10–14 mm (0.39–0.55 in) in diameter containing dark brown to black samaras 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long. This species is similar to A. verticillata.[3][4][5]
Taxonomy
[edit]This species was first formally described in 1848 by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel who gave it the name Casuarina huegeliana in Lehmann's Plantae Preissianae, from specimens collected on Mount Brown near York in 1840 by Ludwig Preiss.[6][7] It was reclassified in 1982 as Allocasuarina drummondiana by Lawrie Johnson in the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens.[8] The specific epithet (huegeliana) honours the collector of the type specimens.[9]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Rock sheoak grows near granite in the south-west of Western Australia, where it in native in parts of its range, but naturalised in other places. It occurs from the Murchison River and Mingenew, south to the south coast, and east to near Balladonia, in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Esperance Plains, Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest, Mallee, Murchison and Swan Coastal Plain bioregions of Western Australia.[3]
Conservation status
[edit]Allocasuarina huegeliana is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.[3]
Use in horticulture
[edit]A. huegeliana is a moderate to fast growing tree that is nitrogen fixing. It can be grown as a windbreak. The species thrives in well-drained soils but will do poorly in saline or poorly drained areas. The attractive and dense wood from the tree is used to make specialty furniture while the foliage is used by grazing stock as fodder. The species is drought and frost tolerant but will be killed by fire. Trees can live up an age of over 15 years.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group & Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) (2020). "Allocasuarina huegeliana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T172665355A172923676. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T172665355A172923676.en. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
- ^ a b "Allocasuarina huegeliana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Allocasuarina huegeliana". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
- ^ "Allocasuarina huegeliana". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ^ "Allocasuarina verticillata". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ^ "Casuarina huegeliana". APNI. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ^ Miquel, Friedrich A.W. (1845). Lehmann, Johann G.C. (ed.). Plantae Preissianae. Vol. 1. Hamburg: Sumptibus Meissneri. p. 640. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ^ "Allocasuarina huegeliana". APNI. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ^ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 219. ISBN 9780958034180.
- ^ "Allocasuarina huegeliana". Fact Sheet. FloraBank. Retrieved 3 April 2018.