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{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
|name = Arnault Tzanck
|name = Arnault Tzanck
|image =
|image = Tzanck, Arnault CIPB1775.jpg
|image_size =150px
|caption =
⚫
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1886|5|1|mf=y}}
|caption = Arnault Tzanck
⚫
|birth_date = 1886
|birth_place = [[Vladikavkaz]]
|birth_place = [[Vladikavkaz]]
|death_date = 1954
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|2|18|1886|5|1|mf=y}}
|death_place = [[North Ossetia–Alania]], Russia
|death_place = [[North Ossetia–Alania]], Russia
|residence =
|residence =
|citizenship =
|citizenship =
|nationality = [[France]]
|nationality = French
|ethnicity =
|ethnicity =
|field = [[medicine]]
|field = [[medicine]]
|work_institutions =
|work_institutions =
|alma_mater =
|alma_mater =
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for = [[blood transfusion]]
|known_for = [[blood transfusion]]
|author_abbrev_bot =|author_abbrev_zoo =
|author_abbrev_bot =|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences =
|influences =
|influenced =
|influenced =
|prizes =
|prizes =
|religion = |footnotes = |signature =
|religion = |footnotes = |signature =
}}
}}
'''Arnault Tzanck''' (1886–1954 ) was a [[France|French]] physician and a pioneer of [[blood transfusion]]. During the First World War, he was a doctor in the military ambulance where he realized the vital role of the blood transfusions.<ref>{{cite journal
'''Arnault Tzanck''' (May 1, 1886 – February 18, 1954) was a French physician and a pioneer of [[blood transfusion]]. During the First World War, he was a doctor in the military ambulance where he realized the vital role of the blood transfusions.<ref>{{cite journal
|last=Schneider
|last=Schneider
|first=William H
|first=William H
⚫
|date=April 2010
|authorlink=
|year=2010
⚫
|month=April
|title=Arnault Tzanck, MD (1886-1954)
|title=Arnault Tzanck, MD (1886-1954)
|journal=Transfus Med Rev
|journal=Transfus Med Rev
Line 40: Line 37:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Arnault Tzanck's name is attached to an apparatus he invented that was widely used for transfusing blood in France between the wars, as well a simple test he devised using the microscopic analysis of scrapings from skin cancer lesions, different ganglia, and some forms of dermatitis especially pemphigus. The Tzanck smear is still widely used as a test for herpes, among other diseases. He also experimented with different methods of preserving blood and blood substitutes. Tzanck's most lasting contribution was in the organization of blood transfusion in France that eventually resulted in the creation of the Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine (National Blood Transfusion Center), which was established in 1949 with Tzanck as its first director. In the process, Tzanck educated a whole generation of serologists and immunologists, including Jean Dausset, Marcel Bessis, and Jean Pierre Soulier.
Arnault Tzanck's name is attached to an apparatus he invented that was widely used for transfusing blood in France between the wars, as well as a simple test he devised<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tzanck|first=A.|date=1947|title=Immediate cyto-diagnosis in dermatology|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20253311/|journal=Annales de Dermatologie et de Syphiligraphie|volume=7|issue=2|pages=68|issn=0003-3979|pmid=20253311}}</ref> using the microscopic analysis of scrapings from skin cancer lesions, different ganglia, and some forms of dermatitis especially pemphigus. The Tzanck smear is still widely used as a test for herpes, among other diseases.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Durdu|first=Murat|url=https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030107215|title=Cutaneous Cytology and Tzanck Smear Test|date=2019|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-030-10721-5|language=en}}</ref> A [[deep learning]] model was developed to analyze Tzanck smears and named after him as ''TzanckNet''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Noyan|first1=Mehmet Alican|last2=Durdu|first2=Murat|last3=Eskiocak|first3=Ali Haydar|date=2020-10-27|title=TzanckNet: a convolutional neural network to identify cells in the cytology of erosive-vesiculobullous diseases|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=10|issue=1|pages=18314|doi=10.1038/s41598-020-75546-z|pmid=33110197|pmc=7591506|issn=2045-2322|doi-access=free}}</ref> He also experimented with different methods of preserving blood and blood substitutes. Tzanck's most lasting contribution was in the organization of blood transfusion in France that eventually resulted in the creation of the Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine (National Blood Transfusion Center), which was established in 1949 with Tzanck as its first director. In the process, Tzanck educated a whole generation of serologists and immunologists, including [[Jean Dausset]], [[Marcel Bessis]], and [[Jean Pierre Soulier]].{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references />
* {{cite journal
* {{cite journal
|last=Cordero
|last=Cordero
|first=A A
|first=A A
⚫
|date=April 1985
|authorlink=
|year=1985
⚫
|month=April
|title=The man behind the eponym. Arnault Tzanck, his work and times
|title=The man behind the eponym. Arnault Tzanck, his work and times
|journal=Am J Dermatopathol
|journal=Am J Dermatopathol
Line 56: Line 51:
|pages=121–3
|pages=121–3
|location = United States
|location = United States
|doi=10.1097/00000372-198504000-00003
|issn = 0193-1091
|issn = 0193-1091
|pmid = 3896004
|pmid = 3896004
Line 62: Line 58:
|last=Rees
|last=Rees
|first=R B
|first=R B
⚫
|date=September 1978
|authorlink=
|year=1978
⚫
|month=September
|title=The Tzanck test: a historical vignette
|title=The Tzanck test: a historical vignette
|journal=Int. J. Dermatol.
|journal=Int. J. Dermatol.
Line 74: Line 68:
|pmid = 357315
|pmid = 357315
|doi = 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1978.tb06008.x
|doi = 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1978.tb06008.x
|s2cid=21153238
}}
}}


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* [[Tzanck test]]
* [[Tzanck test]]


{{Authority control|VIAF=37065550}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Tzanck, Arnault
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = A pioneer of [[blood transfusion]]
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1886
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Vladicaucase
| DATE OF DEATH = 1954
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[North Ossetia–Alania]], Russia
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tzanck, Arnault}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tzanck, Arnault}}
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1954 deaths]]
[[Category:1954 deaths]]
[[Category:Transfusion medicine]]
[[Category:Transfusion medicine]]
[[Category:French physicians]]
[[Category:French hematologists]]
[[Category:Hematologists]]




Revision as of 16:51, 24 February 2023

Arnault Tzanck
Born(1886-05-01)May 1, 1886
Vladikavkaz
DiedFebruary 18, 1954(1954-02-18) (aged 67)
North Ossetia–Alania, Russia
NationalityFrench
Known forblood transfusion
Scientific career
Fieldsmedicine

Arnault Tzanck (May 1, 1886 – February 18, 1954) was a French physician and a pioneer of blood transfusion. During the First World War, he was a doctor in the military ambulance where he realized the vital role of the blood transfusions.[1]

Arnault Tzanck's name is attached to an apparatus he invented that was widely used for transfusing blood in France between the wars, as well as a simple test he devised[2] using the microscopic analysis of scrapings from skin cancer lesions, different ganglia, and some forms of dermatitis especially pemphigus. The Tzanck smear is still widely used as a test for herpes, among other diseases.[3] A deep learning model was developed to analyze Tzanck smears and named after him as TzanckNet.[4] He also experimented with different methods of preserving blood and blood substitutes. Tzanck's most lasting contribution was in the organization of blood transfusion in France that eventually resulted in the creation of the Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine (National Blood Transfusion Center), which was established in 1949 with Tzanck as its first director. In the process, Tzanck educated a whole generation of serologists and immunologists, including Jean Dausset, Marcel Bessis, and Jean Pierre Soulier.[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ Schneider, William H (April 2010). "Arnault Tzanck, MD (1886-1954)". Transfus Med Rev. 24 (2). United States: 147–50. doi:10.1016/j.tmrv.2009.11.006. PMID 20303038.
  2. ^ Tzanck, A. (1947). "Immediate cyto-diagnosis in dermatology". Annales de Dermatologie et de Syphiligraphie. 7 (2): 68. ISSN 0003-3979. PMID 20253311.
  3. ^ Durdu, Murat (2019). Cutaneous Cytology and Tzanck Smear Test. Springer International Publishing. ISBN 978-3-030-10721-5.
  4. ^ Noyan, Mehmet Alican; Durdu, Murat; Eskiocak, Ali Haydar (2020-10-27). "TzanckNet: a convolutional neural network to identify cells in the cytology of erosive-vesiculobullous diseases". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 18314. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75546-z. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7591506. PMID 33110197.

See also


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