View source for USS R-19

{{Short description|R-class submarine of the United States}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
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{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image= USS R-19 (SS-96).jpg
|Ship caption= USS ''R-19''
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|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag= {{USN flag|1942}}
|Ship name= USS ''R-19''
|Ship namesake=
|Ship ordered= 29 August 1916
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder= [[Union Iron Works]], [[San Francisco]], California
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|Ship laid down= 23 June 1917
|Ship launched= 28 January 1918
|Ship sponsor= Mrs. Robert L. Irvine
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|Ship commissioned= 7 October 1918
|Ship decommissioned= 15 May 1931
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{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship recommissioned= 6 January 1941
|Ship decommissioned=9 March 1942
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|Ship reclassified= From "Submarine Number 96" to SS-96, July 1920
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|Ship fate= Transferred to [[Royal Navy]], 9 March 1942
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{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship country=United Kingdom
|Ship flag= {{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}}
|Ship name= HMS ''P.514''
|Ship acquired= 9 March 1942
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|Ship fate= Sunk by friendly fire, 21 June 1942
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{{Infobox ship characteristics
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|Header caption=
|Ship type= [[United States R-class submarine|R-class]] [[submarine]]
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|569|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} surfaced
*{{convert|680|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} submerged
|Ship length= {{convert|186|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam= {{convert|18|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft= {{convert|14|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
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|Ship propulsion=*[[Diesel-electric]]
*{{convert|880|hp|0|abbr=on}} diesel engines
*{{convert|934|hp|0|abbr=on}} electric motors
|Ship speed=*{{convert|13.5|kn|lk=in}} surfaced
*{{convert|10.5|kn}} submerged
|Ship range=*{{convert|3700|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|abbr=on}} surfaced
*{{convert|100|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|abbr=on}} submerged
|Ship test depth=
|Ship complement= 2 officers, 27 men
|Ship armament=*4 × [[American 21-inch torpedo|21-inch (533 mm)]] bow [[torpedo tube]]s, 8 torpedoes
*1 × [[3"/50 caliber gun]]
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'''USS ''R-19'' (SS-96)''' was an [[United States R-class submarine|R-class coastal and harbor defense submarine]] of the [[United States Navy]].

==Construction and commissioning==
''R-19''{{'}}s [[keel]] was laid down by the [[Union Iron Works]] of San Francisco on 23 June 1917. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 28 January 1918 sponsored by Mrs. Robert L. Irvine, and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 7 October 1918.

==United States Navy service==
After commissioning, which was one month before the [[Armistice with Germany (Compiègne)|Armistice with Germany]] ending [[World War I]] took effect, ''R-19'' remained on the [[United States West Coast|West Coast]] of the United States for nine months at [[San Pedro Submarine Base]], [[San Pedro, Los Angeles]] until March 1919, and then at San Francisco, undergoing overhaul, until June 1919. On 17 June 1919 ''R-19'' left the United States for the [[Territory of Hawaii]]. Eight days later she reached [[Pearl Harbor]] in Hawaii and began almost 12 years of training submarine crews and testing equipment.

During July 1920 the [[hull classification symbol]] of ''R-19'' was changed from "Submarine Number 96" to "SS-96."

On 12 December 1930, ''R-19'' left [[Pearl Harbor]] for the [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]]. ''En route'' she called at [[San Diego]]; voyaged south to the [[Panama Canal Zone]]; negotiated the [[Panama Canal]]; then voyaged north through the [[Caribbean Sea]] and the coastal waters of the [[United States East Coast|US East Coast]]; and, finally, up [[Delaware Bay]] and the [[Delaware River]] to Philadelphia.

On 15 May 1931, ''R-19'' was [[Ship decommissioning|decommissioned]] at the Philadelphia Navy Yard and placed in the [[reserve fleet]] at that [[shipyard]], where she remained berthed at [[League Island]] for the next nine years.

''R-19'' was recommissioned on 6 January 1941, then went to the [[Naval Submarine Base New London]] at [[Groton, Connecticut]], where she was reconditioned. During May 1941, ''R-19'' headed south. For the remainder of the spring, summer, and into the fall of 1941, she patrolled and conducted training exercises in the [[Virgin Islands]] and off the Panama Canal Zone. In October 1941, ''R-19'' returned to Groton and continued her role as a training submarine.

On 9 March 1942, ''R-19'' was [[Ship decommissioning|decommissioned]] again.

For her service in the United States Navy, the ''R-19'' was eligible for the [[World War I Victory Medal (United States)|World War I Victory Medal]], [[American Defense Service Medal]], [[American Campaign Medal]] and the [[World War II Victory Medal]].

==Royal Navy service as HMS ''P.514''==
{{stack|[[File:Swinbrook StMaryV MonumentPhillimore.JPG|thumb|Church monument at [[Swinbrook]], England, to Lt. Phillimore and the crew of HMS ''P.514'']]}}
''R-19'' was transferred to the United Kingdom under the terms of [[Lend-Lease]] on 9 March 1942. Commissioned into the [[Royal Navy]], she was renamed HMS ''P.514''.

In June 1942 she sailed for [[St. John's, Newfoundland|St. John's]], [[Dominion of Newfoundland|Newfoundland]], under the command of [[Lieutenant (navy)|Lieutenant]] Walter Phillimore, RN.<ref name=Monument>Text of monument in the parish church of St Mary the Virgin, [[Swinbrook]]</ref> At 0300 on 21 June 1942, while on surface, ''P.514'' encountered a [[Royal Canadian Navy]] [[Minesweeper (ship)|minesweeper]], {{HMCS|Georgian}}, off Newfoundland. Unaware of any friendly submarines in the area and receiving no reply to her challenge, ''Georgian'' rammed ''P.514'', which sank with the loss of all hands.<ref name=Monument/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.forces.gc.ca/centennial/background/background_e.asp?category=70&title=193 |title=Canadian Navy Background Information June |publisher=navy.forces.gc.ca |access-date=2008-07-04 |archive-date=7 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207205512/http://www.navy.forces.gc.ca/centennial/background/background_e.asp?category=70 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

A [[Board of Inquiry]] ruled that ''Georgian''{{'}}s [[commanding officer]] had acted correctly.

Lt. Phillimore's parents lived at [[Swinbrook]], Oxfordshire, England.<ref name=Monument/> There is a memorial to ''P.514''{{'}}s officers and men in the [[Church of England parish church]] of St. Mary the Virgin in [[Swinbrook]].

==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/r/r-19.html}}

==External links==
* {{navsource|08/08096|USS R-19}}

{{United States R class submarine}}
{{June 1942 shipwrecks}}
{{coord missing|Atlantic Ocean}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:R-19 (SS-96)}}
[[Category:United States R-class submarines]]
[[Category:World War I submarines of the United States]]
[[Category:World War II submarines of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships built in San Francisco]]
[[Category:1918 ships]]
[[Category:Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:United States R-class submarines of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:World War II submarines of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Friendly fire incidents of World War II]]
[[Category:Submarines sunk in collisions]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in June 1942]]
[[Category:Warships lost with all hands]]
[[Category:Submarines lost with all hands]]
[[Category:Lost submarines of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Submarines sunk by Canadian warships]]