View source for USS Osborne

{{Short description|Clemson-class destroyer}}
{{For|a ship with a similar name|USS Ozbourn}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
|+USS ''Osborne'' (DD-295)
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:USS Osborne (DD-295) underway in the Hudson River, off New York City, during the 1920s (NH 42921).jpg|300px|USS Osborne underway in the Hudson River, off New York City, during the 1920s.]]
|Ship caption=USS ''Osborne'' underway in the Hudson River, during the 1920s.
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1930}}
|Ship name=
|Ship namesake=[[Weedon Osborne]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation]], [[Squantum Victory Yard]]
|Ship laid down=23 September 1919
|Ship launched=29 December 1919
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=17 May 1920
|Ship decommissioned=1 May 1930
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=22 October 1930
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate=*Sold 17 January 1931
*Converted into [[cargo ship]] ''Matagalpa''
*Burned 26 June 1942; not repaired
*Scuttled 6 September 1947
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass|Clemson|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement=1,190&nbsp;tons
|Ship length={{convert|314|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|31|ft|8|in|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft={{convert|9|ft|4|in|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=*{{convert|26,500|shp|abbr=on}}
*geared turbines,
*2 screws
|Ship speed={{convert|35|kn}}
|Ship range={{convert|4900|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn}}
|Ship complement=120 officers and enlisted
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*4 × [[4"/50 caliber gun|{{convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/50]] guns
*1 × [[3"/23 caliber gun|{{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/25]] guns
*12 × [[American 21 inch torpedo|21 inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tubes]]
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=Ships were stripped to hulks before being rebuilt for commercial service with two new Ingersoll-Rand Diesel engines and all other systems.
}}
|}

'''USS ''Osborne'' (DD-295)''' was a {{sclass|Clemson|destroyer}} in the [[United States Navy]] following [[World War I]]. She was named for [[Weedon Osborne]].<ref Name=DANFS>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/o/osborne.html |title=''Osborne'' |publisher=Naval History and Heritage Command |website=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships |access-date=2 February 2015}}</ref>

==Naval Service==
''Osborne'' was [[keel laying|laid down]] 23 September 1919 at [[Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation]], [[Squantum, Massachusetts]]; launched 29 December 1919; co-sponsored by Mrs. Elizabeth Osborne Fisher, sister of [[Lieutenant, Junior Grade|Ltjg]] W. E. Osborne and Mrs. C. H. Cox; and commissioned 17 May 1920.<ref Name=DANFS />

Commissioned into a peacetime navy curtailed by a retrenching [[United States Congress|Congress]], the undermanned four-stacker departed [[Boston, Massachusetts]] 25 June to join [[DESRON]] 3, [[U.S. Atlantic Fleet|Atlantic Fleet]]. The limited coastal operations of 1920 were supplemented by 2 months of fleet exercises and battle problems off [[Cuba]] during the first quarter of 1921. Whether operating out of [[Charleston, South Carolina]], her normal base of operations, or out of the [[Brooklyn Navy Yard|Brooklyn]] or [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]]s ''Osborne'' regularly steamed southward early each year for these competitive exercises and large scale tactical maneuvers. These useful testing periods brought a familiarization not only with the [[Caribbean]] area but also the [[Pacific]] coast of [[Panama]]. Under the new command of [[Raymond A. Spruance]], ''Osborne'' steamed from Boston 18 June 1925, to "show the flag" on an extensive year-long cruise in the western half of the [[Mediterranean Sea]] and along the [[western European]] coastline.<ref Name=DANFS />

On 20 September 1929 entered the [[Philadelphia Navy Yard]] for inactivation. ''Osborne'' decommissioned 1 May 1930 with her crew transferring to the newly recommissioned {{USS|Taylor|DD-94}}. In accordance with the agreements reached at the [[London Naval Treaty|London Naval Disarmament Conference of 1930]], she was struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register|Navy List]] 22 October 1930 and sold for scrap 17 January 1931.<ref Name=DANFS />

==Commercial service==
The ship was sold to [[Standard Fruit Company]] of New Orleans where she was gutted to her hull and fitted with two new deck houses, electrical plant and other ship service plants and with dual {{convert|750|hp|abbr=on}} Ingersoll-Rand Diesel engines by Todd Dry Dock and Construction Company. With the new name ''Matagalpa'' and four holds capable of carrying a total of 25,000 banana stems between Central America and New Orleans the Standard Fruit & Steamship Company operated [[Banana boat (ship)|banana boat]] operated until the eve of World War II. The ship was surveyed and taken by the Navy under a [[bare boat charter]] until the urgent need to resupply the Philippines as Japanese forces took Manila resulted in their being taken over by the United States Army.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/SS_masaya/index.html |title=The Saga of SS ''Masaya'' |first=Don |last=Fetterly |website=Pacific Wrecks |access-date=20 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023000923/http://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/SS_masaya/index.html |archive-date=23 October 2013 }}</ref>

==U.S. Army service==
On 22 February 1942 [[General MacArthur]] had requested direct support from Honolulu rather than Australia as it was lacking in resources. Within a day a very high level study of the situation concluded three old ex destroyers converted into fast commercial fruit carriers, now named [[USS Dale (DD-290)|''Masaya'']], '''''Matagalpa''''' and [[USS Putnam (DD-287)|''Teapa'']],<ref group=Note>It is unclear from cited references currently in Wikipedia whether ''Teapa'' was ex-{{USS|Putnam|DD-287|2}} or ex-{{USS|Worden|DD-288|2}}. Four ships were converted to banana boat service of which three became fast Army transports. Weight of other references, in specialist forums and in ''Attempts to Supply The Philippines by Sea: 1942'' by Charles Dana Gibson and E. Kay Gibson clearly have ''Putnam'' becoming ''Teapa''.</ref> and recently taken over under bare boat charter by the [[United States Department of War|War Department]] with intentions to use them as inter-island transports would be suited to that supply requirement. Under urgent Presidential orders to support the forces in Bataan and Corregidor the Army began to prepare the ships to run the Japanese blockade of the Philippines. Cargoes were shipped to New Orleans for the three ships. They were originally due to sail on 28 February 1942 but difficulties, including securing [[United States Navy Armed Guard|naval gun crews]] to put on the ships, delayed sailing. ''Masaya'' sailed on 2 March 1942, ''Matagalpa'' on 11 March and ''Teapa'' on 18 March. While the situation in the Philippines became desperate the three ships were forced to stop in Los Angeles for repair. On 13 April General MacArthur reported blockade running was "useless," but the War Department decided to make the attempt. The ships were reloaded with ''Matagalpa'' loaded for [[Mindanao]] and arriving in Honolulu on 8 May 1942, too late to relieve Corregidor. ''Matagalpa'' and the other ships intended for supply of the Philippines, were diverted to Australia.<ref>{{cite book |title=U. S. Army Transportation in the Southwest Pacific Area 1941-1947 |last=Masterson |first=Dr. James R. |date=October 1949 |publisher=Transportation Unit, Historical Division Special Staff, U. S. Army |pages=29–31 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=United States Army In World War II The War In The Pacific The Fall Of The Philippines |last=Morton |first=Louis |year=1993 |publisher=Center Of Military History United States Army |location=Washington, D. C. |page=398 }}</ref>

==Fate==
On 26 June 1942 ''Matagalpa'' burned at her berth in [[Sydney]], [[Australia]], as over one hundred firefighters worked to unload gasoline drums and fight the fire. ''Matagalpa'' was not repaired and was scuttled in the "disposal area" off Sydney on 6 September 1947.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ozatwar.com/usarmy/mvmatagalpa.htm |title=U.S. Army Transport MV ''Matagalpa'' In Australian Waters During WWII |first=Peter |last=Dunn |work=US Army Units In Australia During WW2 |publisher=Australia @ War |access-date=18 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/295.htm |title=USS ''Osborne'' (DD-295) |website=NavSource Naval History |access-date=20 February 2012}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=Note}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite journal|last1=Rau|first1=William M.|year=1990 |title=Question 47/88|journal=Warship International|volume=XXVII |issue=4 |page=423 |issn=0043-0374}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-o/dd295.htm  Naval History and Heritage Command Online Library of Selected Images: USS ''Osborne'' (Destroyer # 295, later DD-295), 1920-1931]
* [http://www.pacificwrecks.com/ships/usn/SS_matagalpa/matagalpa.html Photo of ''Matagalpa'' at Pacific Wrecks.com]

{{Clemson class destroyer}}
{{June 1942 shipwrecks}}
{{1947 shipwrecks}}
{{Navbox shipwrecks of New South Wales|Scuttlednsw}}

{{coord missing|Pacific Ocean}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Osborne (DD-295)}}
[[Category:Clemson-class destroyers]]
[[Category:Ships built in Quincy, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:1919 ships]]
[[Category:Scuttled vessels of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in June 1942]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1947]]
[[Category:Dole plc]]