View source for Mediterranean Squadron (United States)

{{Short description|Military unit of the United States Navy}}
{{For|the navies of other nations in the Mediterranean|List of Mediterranean fleets}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=  Mediterranean Squadron
|image=EnterpriseTripoli.jpg
|image_size=300px
|caption=USS ''Enterprise'' of the Mediterranean Squadron capturing the polacca ''Tripoli'' during the [[First Barbary War]].
|dates=1801–1865
|country= {{flag|United States of America|1865}}
|allegiance=
|branch= {{flagicon image|Flag of the United States Navy (1864–1959).svg}} [[United States Navy]]
|type= [[Squadron (naval)|Naval squadron]]
|role=
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|garrison= [[Mahón]] (1815–1840)
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|disbanded=
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The '''Mediterranean Squadron''', also known as the '''Mediterranean Station''', was part of the [[United States Navy]] in the 19th century that operated in the [[Mediterranean Sea]]. It was formed in response to the [[First Barbary War|First]] and [[Second Barbary War]]s. Between 1801 and 1818, the squadron was composed of a series of rotating squadrons.  Later, squadrons were sent in the 1820s to the 1860s to suppress [[piracy]], primarily in [[Greece]] and to engage in [[gunboat diplomacy]].<ref name="Barbary Corsairs">{{cite book|title=Our Navy and the Barbary Corsairs|url=https://archive.org/details/ournavybarbaryco00alle|last=Allen| first=Gardner Weld|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|location=Chester|year=1905}}</ref> In 1865 the force was renamed the [[European Squadron]].

==History==

===First Barbary War===
{{main|First Barbary War}}
The [[Barbary pirates]]' seizure of American merchant ships went back to just after the [[American War of Independence|victory]] over [[Great Britain]] in 1783. When the [[Dey of Algiers]] demanded tribute, the Americans refused and thus began a long series of conflict between the Barbary states and the United States lasting from the 1780s to 1815. The Mediterranean Squadron was created for the protection of American merchant ships sailing in Mediterranean waters.
The first squadron sent was under the command of [[Commodore (United States)|Commodore]] [[Richard Dale]]. His command included the [[frigate]]s {{USS|Boston|1799|6}}, {{USS|Essex|1799|6}}, {{USS|Philadelphia|1799|6}} and {{USS|President|1800|6}} as well as the [[sloop-of-war]] {{USS|George Washington|1798|6}} and the [[schooner]] {{USS|Enterprise|1799|6}}. During the squadron's deployment from 1801 to 1802, it operated by convoying merchant ships. Commodore Dale did not have orders to capture enemy vessels and could only respond to the North African's attacks if fired upon first or if coming to the aid of a merchant ship. On August 1, 1801, the twelve gun schooner USS ''Enterprise'' under the command of Lieutenant [[Andrew Sterett]] encountered the fourteen gun [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]]tan [[polacca]] named ''Tripoli''. USS ''Enterprise'' captured ''Tripoli'' after a long and bloody [[Action of 1 August 1801|fight]] but because the squadron could not legally make a prize of the ship, it was stripped of its fighting capabilities and released.
[[File:Burning of the uss philadelphia.jpg|left|thumb|200px|''The burning of USS Philadelphia by the crew of USS Intrepid, 1804.'']]
As attacks on merchantmen continued, the United States government eventually authorized the United States Navy to send a second squadron to blockade Tripoli and attack their ships. In May 1802 Captain [[Daniel McNeill]] in USS ''Boston'' assisted two [[Sweden|Swedish]] frigates in a [[First Battle of Tripoli Harbor|battle]] while blockading Tripoli. In the action several Barbary vessels sortied and the Americans and Swedish frigates fought off the attack which then forced the Tripolitans back into harbor. In June 1803, USS ''John Adams'' and USS ''Enterprise'' [[Action of 22 June 1803|defeated]] nine enemy gunboats and a [[polacre]] near Tripoli. The polacre was sunk and the gunboats forced to flee, the Americans suffered no casualties. The second squadron returned to the United States in 1803 and that same year another force was sent and operated until 1804. On October 31, 1803, USS ''Philadelphia'' grounded on a reef just off [[Tripoli Harbor]]. Under heavy fire from enemy [[shore battery|shore batteries]] the Americans attempted to refloat their ship but she was hard aground. When Tripolitan gunboats approached for her capture, her commander surrendered his ship and was made a slave along with the crew. ''Philadelphia'' was then manned by the Tripolitans as a sort of harbor defence until February 16, 1804. On that night Lieutenant [[Stephen Decatur]] in the [[ketch]] {{USS|Intrepid|1798|6}} boarded and [[Second Battle of Tripoli Harbor|recaptured]] ''Philadelphia'' and [[scuttled]] her by fire. This was the most remembered action in the battle for Tripoli. Decatur became famous immediately after this and had a long career of serving the American navy with distinction. He later commanded American forces during the [[Second Barbary War]] in 1815.

At the final [[Battle of Derne|engagement]] of the war in April and May 1805, the [[brig]] {{USS|Argus|1803|6}}, the schooner {{USS|Nautilus|1799|6}} and the sloop {{USS|Hornet|1805 sloop|6}} provided gun support for ten American marines and soldiers leading a [[mercenary]] army against [[Derna, Libya|Derne]]. During the battle the Mediterranean Squadron vessels under [[Oliver Hazard Perry]] bombarded the city while the land forces besieged the Tripolitan garrison. When the city finally fell, the Dey of Algiers surrendered and the First Barbary War was over.

===Second Barbary War===
{{main|Second Barbary War}}
[[File:DecaturOffAlgiers.jpg|right|thumb|''Stephen Decatur's Mediterranean squadron off Algiers in 1815.'']]
The Mediterranean Squadron continued to operate until 1807. That year the squadron was withdrawn which tempted the Barbary corsairs to attack American ships again. It was not until the end of the [[War of 1812]] in 1815 that the United States Navy resumed operations against the Barbary coast. Now a commodore, Stephen Decatur led the main squadron of ten vessels including the frigates {{USS|Guerriere|1814|6}}, {{USS|Macedonian|1810|6}}, {{USS|Constellation|1797|6}}, the sloops {{USS|Epervier|1814|6}} and {{USS|Ontario|1813|6}}, the brigs {{USS|Firefly}}, {{USS|Spark|1813|6}}, {{USS|Flambeau|1813|6}} and the schooners {{USS|Torch|1814|6}} and {{USS|Spitfire|1814|6}}. A second force under Commodore [[William Bainbridge]] included the [[ship of the line]] {{USS|Independence|1814|6}}, the frigates {{USS|Congress|1799|6}}, {{USS|Java|1815|6}} and {{USS|United States|1797|6}} with eight smaller vessels but these warships did not see combat. Only two battles were fought during the Second Barbary War. Decatur's squadron [[Battle off Cape Gata|captured]] the [[Algeria]]n flagship ''Mashouda'' of forty-six guns off [[Cape Gata]] on June 15 and later [[Battle off Cape Palos|defeated]] the twenty-two gun ''Estedio'' off [[Cape Palos]] on June 19. After, the squadron arrived at [[Algiers]] and prepared for battle but before fighting began the enemy surrendered and the short war came to an end.

==Ships of the Squadron==

===First Squadron===
Commanded by [[Commodore (United States)|Commodore]] [[Richard Dale]].  Deployed in 1801, and returned to the United States in 1802.<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Name !! Type !! Guns !! Captain
|-
| {{USS|Boston|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 28 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Daniel McNeill (navy)|Daniel McNeill]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Enterprise|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Schooner]] || 12 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Andrew Sterett]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Essex|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] ||  32 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[William Bainbridge]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|George Washington|1798|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sloop of war]] || 24 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[John Shaw (navy)|John Shaw]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Philadelphia|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 36 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Samuel Barron (1765–1810)|Samuel Barron]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|President|1800|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|1st class frigate]] || 44 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[James Barron]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|}

===Second Squadron===
Commanded by [[Commodore (United States)|Commodore]] [[Richard Valentine Morris]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> and later [[Commodore (United States)|Commodore]] [[John Rodgers (naval officer, War of 1812)|John Rodgers]], who took command after Morris was relieved of duty by the president for inaction—he was later recommended for a court martial, but the president declined to pursue the matter.<ref name="Preble" />  Deployed in 1802, and returned to the United States in 1803.<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Name !! Type !! Guns !! Captain
|-
| {{USS|Adams|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 28 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Hugh G. Campbell|Hugh Campbell]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Boston|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 28 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Daniel McNeill (navy)|Daniel McNeill]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Chesapeake|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 36 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Isaac Chauncey]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> [[James Barron]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Constellation|1797|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 36 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Alexander Murray (1755–1821)|Alexander Murray]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Enterprise|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Schooner]] || 12 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Andrew Sterett]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> [[Isaac Hull]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|George Washington|1798|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sloop of war]] || 24 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[John Shaw (navy)|John Shaw]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|John Adams|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 28 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[John Rodgers (naval officer, War of 1812)|John Rodgers]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|New York|1800|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 36 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[James Barron]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> [[Isaac Chauncey]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|}

===Third Squadron===
Commanded by [[Commodore (United States)|Commodore]] [[Edward Preble]].<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />  Deployed in 1803, and returned to the United States in 1804.<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Name !! Type !! Guns !! Captain
|-
| {{USS|Argus|1803|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Brig]] || 16 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Isaac Hull]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Constitution||2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|1st class frigate]] || 44 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[John H. Dent|John Dent]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />  [[Thomas Robinson (naval officer)|Thomas Robinson]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
([[Lieutenant]]s acting as [[flag captain]] to Commodore Preble) <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Enterprise|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Schooner]] || 12 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Stephen Decatur]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Intrepid|1798|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Ketch]] || 4 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Stephen Decatur]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> [[Richard Somers]]<ref name="Preble" />
|-
| {{USS|John Adams|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 28 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Isaac Chauncey]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Nautilus|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Schooner]] || 12 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Richard Somers]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> [[John H. Dent|John Dent]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Philadelphia|1799|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Sailing frigate classification|2nd class frigate]] || 36 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[William Bainbridge]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Scourge|1804|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Brig]] || 16 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> ||  [[John H. Dent|John Dent]],<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> [[Ralph Izard (navy officer)|Ralph Izard]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Syren|1803|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Brig]] || 16 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Charles Stewart (1778–1869)|Charles Stewart]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
| {{USS|Vixen|1803|2}} <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> || [[Schooner]] || 12 guns <ref name="Barbary Corsairs" /> ||[[John Smith (naval officer)|John Smith]]<ref name="Barbary Corsairs" />
|-
|N/a
|two [[Bomb vessel|bomb-vessels]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Allen|first=Gardner Weld|title=Our navy and the Barbary corsairs|publisher=Scholar's Bookshelf|year=1905|isbn=0-945726-24-4|pages=324|oclc=61122130}}</ref>
|
|
|-
|N/a
|nine [[gunboat]]s<ref name=":0" />
|
|
|}

In 1843, the squadron comprised four ships, [[USS Columbia (1836)|''Columbia'']], [[USS Cumberland (1842)|''Cumberland'']], [[USS Fairfield (1828)|''Fairfield'']] and [[USS Plymouth (1844)|''Plymouth'']].

==Commanders==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|- style="background:#cccccc"
!
!Name
!Picture
!Rank
!Assigned<br>(Orders)
!Assumed<br>(On Station)
!Relieved<br>(Orders)
!Relieved<br>(On Station)
|-
|1
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Richard Dale]]<ref name="AMFS">{{cite book|isbn=0-87106-033-7|oclc=6707539|title=A Most Fortunate Ship: A Narrative History of "Old Ironsides"|last=Martin|first=Tyrone G.|author-link=Tyrone G. Martin|publisher=Globe Peqout Press|location=Chester|year=1980|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/mostfortunateshi00tyro}}</ref> <br /> (First Squadron) <ref name="Preble">{{cite book|isbn=978-1-55750-583-5|title=Edward Preble: A Naval Biography|last=McKee|first=Christopher|author-link=Christopher McKee (historian)|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1996}}</ref>
|<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|May 20, 1801 <ref name="Preble" />
|July 1, 1801 <ref name="NIHS">{{cite book|isbn=978-1-55750-984-0|title=Naval Institute Historical Atlas of the U.S. Navy|last1=Symonds|first1=Craig L.|author-link1=Craig L. Symonds|last2=Clipson|first2=William J.|author2-link=William J. Clipson|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=2001}}</ref>
|?
|?
|-
|2
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Richard Valentine Morris|Richard Morris]]<ref name="AMFS" /> <br /> (Second Squadron) <ref name="Preble" />
|<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|May 25, 1802 <ref name="Rodgers">{{cite book|title=Commodore John Rodgers, Captain, Commodore, and Senior Officer of the American Navy, 1773–1838|last=Charles|first=Charles Oscar|author-link=Charles Oscar Paullin|publisher=The Arthur H. Clark Company|year=1910}}</ref>
|June 21, 1803 <ref name="Preble" />
|September 11, 1803 <ref name="Preble" />
|-
|3
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[John Rodgers (naval officer, War of 1812)|John Rodgers]]<ref name="Rodgers" /> <br /> (Second Squadron) <ref name="Preble" />
|[[File:Commodore John Rodgers.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|June 21, 1803 <ref name="Preble" />
|September 11, 1803 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|?
|?
|-
|4
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Edward Preble]]<ref name="AMFS" /> <br /> (Third Squadron) <ref name="Preble" />
|[[File:Edward Preble.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|May 19, 1803 <ref name="AMFS" />
|September, 1803 <ref name="NIHS" />
|1804 <ref name="AMFS" />
|?
|-
|5
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Samuel Barron (1765–1810)|Samuel Barron]]<ref name="Preble" /> <br /> (Fourth Squadron) <ref name="Preble" />
|<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|April, 1804 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|September 10, 1804 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|May 22, 1805 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|May 24, 1805 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|-
|6
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[John Rodgers (naval officer, War of 1812)|John Rodgers]]<ref name="Rodgers" /> <br /> (Fourth Squadron) <ref name="Rodgers" />
|[[File:Commodore John Rodgers.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|May 22, 1805 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|May 24, 1805 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|?
|May 27, 1806 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|-
|7
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Hugh George Campbell|Hugh Campbell]]<ref name="Rodgers" /> <br /> (Fourth Squadron) <ref name="Rodgers" />
|<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|May 27, 1806 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|?
|?
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Stephen Decatur]]<ref name="Rodgers" />
|[[File:Charles Bird King - Stephen Decatur - NPG.87.26 - National Portrait Gallery.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|June 14, 1815 <ref name="Life of Decatur">{{cite book|title=The Life and Character of Stephen Decatur; Late Commodore and Post-Captain in the Navy of the United States, and Navy-Commissioner|url=https://archive.org/details/lifeandcharacte00waldgoog|last=Waldo|first=S. Putnam|author-link=S. Putnam Waldo|publisher=Clarke & Lyman|year=1822}}</ref>
|1815 <ref name="Life of Decatur" />
|1815 <ref name="Life of Decatur" />
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[William Bainbridge]]<ref name="Life of Decatur" />
|[[File:William Bainbridge.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|1815 <ref name="Life of Decatur" />
|?
|?
|6 oct 1815 <ref name="Life of Bainbridge">{{cite book|title=The Life and Services of Commodore William Bainbridge, United States Navy|url=https://archive.org/details/lifeandservices01harrgoog|last=Harris|first=Thomas|publisher=Carey Lee & Blanchard|year=1837}}</ref>
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[John Shaw (navy)|John Shaw]]<ref name="Life of Decatur" />
|<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|6 oct 1815 <ref name="Life of Bainbridge" />
|?
|?
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Isaac Chauncey]]
|[[File:Isaac Chauncey.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|1816 <ref name="Isaac Chauncey">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/pers-us/uspers-c/i-chaunc.htm|title=US People--Chauncey, Isaac, Commodore, USN|author=United States Navy Historical Center|access-date=9 March 2010}}</ref>
|?
|February 1, 1818 <ref name="DANFS">{{DANFS}}</ref>
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Charles Stewart (1778–1869)|Charles Stewart]]<ref name="DANFS" />
|[[File:Commodore Charles Stewart 1841.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|February 1, 1818 <ref name="DANFS" />
|?
|1820
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[William Bainbridge]]<ref name="Life of Decatur" />
|[[File:William Bainbridge.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|?
|?
|June 4, 1821 <ref name="Life of Bainbridge" />
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Jacob Jones (naval officer)|Jacob Jones]]<ref name="Life of Bainbridge" />
|[[File:Jacob Jones.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|June 4, 1821 <ref name="Life of Bainbridge"/>
|?
|1823 <ref name="Jacob Jones">{{cite web |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-j/ja-jones.htm|title=US People--Jones, Jacob (1768–1850)|author=United States Navy Historical Center|access-date=9 March 2010}}</ref>
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[John Orde Creighton|John Creigton]]<ref name="Rodgers" />
|[[File:Commodore John Orde Creighton.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|?
|?
|1824 <ref name="Life of MacDonough">{{cite book|title=Life of Commodore Thomas MacDonough, United States Navy|last=MacDonough|first=Rodney|author-link=Rodney MacDonough|publisher=The Fort Hill Press|year=1909}}</ref>
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[Thomas MacDonough]]<ref name="Rodgers" />
|[[File:Macdono.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|Nov 24, 1824 <ref name="Life of MacDonough" />
|?
|Apr 30, 1825 <ref name="Life of MacDonough" />
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[John Rodgers (naval officer, War of 1812)|John Rodgers]]<ref name="Rodgers" />
|[[File:Commodore John Rodgers.jpg|100px]]
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|April 30, 1825 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|?
|May 31, 1827 <ref name="Rodgers" />
|-
|
|[[Commodore (United States)|COM]] [[William M. Crane|William Crane]]<ref name="Cyclopaedia">{{cite book|title=New American Cyclopaedia|url=https://archive.org/details/newamericancycl25danagoog|last1=Ripley|first1=George|last2=Dana|first2=Charles A.|publisher=D. Appleton and Company|year=1869}}</ref>
|<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
|[[File:US-O7 insignia.svg|17px]]
|?
|1827 <ref name="Cyclopaedia" />
|?
|?
|}
* [[Daniel Patterson (naval officer)|Daniel Patterson]] 1832–1836
* [[Jesse D. Elliott]] 1836–1838
* [[Isaac Hull]] 1838–1841
*[[Joseph Smith (admiral)|Joseph Smith]] 1843
* [[William Compton Bolton|William Bolton]] 1848
* [[Charles W. Morgan (naval officer)|Charles W. Morgan]] 1850
* [[Samuel Livingston Breese]] 1856–1859
* [[Uriah Phillips Levy]] 1860

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* London, Joshua E.[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0471444154 ''Victory in Tripoli: How America's War with the Barbary Pirates Established the U.S. Navy and Shaped a Nation''] New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

{{US Squadrons}}

[[Category:Ship squadrons of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:Barbary Wars]]
[[Category:1801 establishments in the United States]]