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{{Short description|British actor and comedian (1934–1982)}}
{{about|the actor|the football player|Marty Feldman (American football)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2021}}

{{Infobox person
| name = Marty Feldman
| image = Marty Feldman.png
| imagesize = 
| caption = Feldman in 1969
| birth_name = Martin Alan Feldman
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1934|7|8|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Canning Town]], London, England
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1982|12|2|1934|7|8|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Mexico City]], Mexico
| resting_place = [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)| Forest Lawn Memorial Park]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|comedian|comedy writer}}
| years_active = 1948–1982
| spouse = {{marriage|Lauretta Sullivan|1959}}
| children = 2
| notable_works = 
| awards = BAFTAs: ''Best Light Entertainment Performance''<br />1968 ''[[Marty (TV series)|Marty]]''<br />''Best Writer''<br />1968 ''Marty''
}}

'''Martin Alan Feldman''' (8 July 1934<ref name="Oliver">{{cite web |last=Oliver |first=John |url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/560057/index.html |title=Feldman, Marty (1934–1982) |website=BFI Screenonline |access-date=18 November 2015}}</ref>&nbsp;– 2 December 1982) was a British actor, comedian and comedy writer. He was known for his [[exophthalmos|prominent]], [[strabismus|misaligned]] eyes.<ref name="amc.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.amc.com/talk/2007/06/marty-feldman-d|title=Marty Feldman: "Damn your eyes!"|website=Amc.com|access-date=5 July 2018|archive-date=6 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706103908/https://www.amc.com/talk/2007/06/marty-feldman-d|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2009/11/02/marty-feldman-dead-cool|title=Marty Feldman: Dead Cool|first=Simon|last=Doonan|date=2 November 2009|access-date=5 July 2018|website=Thedailybeast.com}}</ref><ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/what-to-read/the-mad-world-of-marty-feldman/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/what-to-read/the-mad-world-of-marty-feldman/ |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=The mad world of Marty Feldman|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|date=13 January 2016|access-date=5 July 2018|last1=Chilton|first1=Martin}}{{cbignore}}</ref> 

He initially gained prominence as a writer with [[Barry Took]] on the [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] sitcom ''[[Bootsie and Snudge]]'' and the [[BBC Radio]] comedy programme ''[[Round the Horne]]''. He became known as a performer on ''[[At Last the 1948 Show]]'' (co-writing the "[[Four Yorkshiremen sketch]]" which [[Monty Python]] would perform) and ''[[Marty (TV series)|Marty]]'', the latter of which won Feldman two [[British Academy Television Awards]] including [[British Academy Television Award for Best Entertainment Performance|Best Entertainment Performance]] in 1969.

Feldman went on to appear in films such as ''[[The Bed Sitting Room (film)|The Bed Sitting Room]]'' and ''[[Every Home Should Have One]]'', the latter of which was one of the most popular comedies at the British box office in 1970.<ref>{{cite book|page=269|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NTmrBgAAQBAJ&q=guinness+book+of+box+office+hits+swern+childs&pg=PA268|title=British Film Culture in the 1970s: The Boundaries of Pleasure: The Boundaries of Pleasure|first=Sue|last= Harper|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|date= 2011|isbn = 9780748654260}}</ref> In 1971, he starred in the comedy-variety sketch series for ATV called ''[[The Marty Feldman Comedy Machine]]''. In 1974, he appeared as [[Igor (Young Frankenstein)|Igor]] in [[Mel Brooks]]' ''[[Young Frankenstein]]'', for which he received the first [[Saturn Award]] for [[Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]. He died in 1982 of a heart attack while filming ''[[Yellowbeard]]'' in [[Mexico City]].<ref name="Death">{{cite news |title=Marty Feldman, Film Comic, Victim Of Heart Attack At 48 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/12/04/obituaries/marty-feldman-film-comic-victim-of-heart-attack-at-48.html |access-date=12 November 2021 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=4 December 1982 |quote=Marty Feldman, the wild-eyed British comedian [...] died Thursday in his hotel room in Mexico City. |last1=Lawson |first1=Carol }}</ref>

==Early life==
Feldman was born on 8 July 1934 in [[Canning Town]], [[East London]], the son of Cecilia (née Crook) and Myer Feldman, a gown manufacturer.<ref name="ODNB">{{cite book |url=http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/59533 |title=Feldman, Martin Alan [Marty] (1934–1982), comedian and scriptwriter |first=Barry |last=Took |publisher=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |date=September 2004 |isbn=978-0-19-861412-8 |access-date=30 January 2015 |archive-date=18 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018085447/https://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/59533 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His parents were [[Ukrainian Jews|Ukrainian Jewish]] immigrants from [[Kyiv]]. He recalled his childhood as "solitary" especially during his years of evacuation to the countryside during the [[Second World War]].<ref name="six">{{cite AV media |title=Marty Feldman: Six Degrees of Separation |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b009pgsc |work=[[BBC Two]]|medium=1-hour television programme, "not currently available"|access-date=23 November 2024|date=13 August 2011}}</ref>

Feldman suffered from [[thyroid]] disease and developed [[Graves' ophthalmopathy]], causing his eyes to [[exophthalmos|protrude]] and become [[strabismus|misaligned]]. [[Bruce Baum]] drew inspiration therefrom to record "Marty Feldman Eyes", a parody of "[[Bette Davis Eyes]]", in 1981.

A childhood injury, a car crash, a boating accident, and reconstructive eye surgery may also have contributed to his appearance.<ref name="amc.com"/><ref name="telegraph.co.uk"/><ref name="six" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theofficialmartyfeldman.com/main/news/the-unorthodox-comedian-marty-feldman/|title=The Unorthodox Comedian - The Official Marty Feldman website!|date=4 January 2016|website=Theofficialmartyfeldman.com|access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref> He later described his appearance as a factor in his career success: "If I aspired to be [[Robert Redford]], I'd have my eyes straightened and my nose fixed and end up like every other lousy actor, with two lines on ''[[Kojak]].'' But this way, I'm a novelty."<ref name=Lawson1982>{{cite news|last1=Lawson|first1=Carol|title=Marty Feldman, Film Comic, Victim of Heart Attack at 48|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/12/04/obituaries/marty-feldman-film-comic-victim-of-heart-attack-at-48.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=4 December 1982}}</ref>

==Career==
===Early career===
Leaving school at 15, Feldman worked at the [[Dreamland Margate|Dreamland]] funfair in [[Margate]],<ref name="six" /> but had dreams of a career as a [[jazz]] trumpeter, and performed in the first group in which tenor saxophonist [[Tubby Hayes]] was a member.<ref name="Chilton">{{cite news |first=Martin |last=Chilton |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/8894915/Marty-Feldman-The-Biography-Of-A-Comedy-Legend-by-Robert-Ross-review.html |title=Marty Feldman – The Biography Of A Comedy Legend by Robert Ross: review |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=17 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119071340/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/8894915/Marty-Feldman-The-Biography-Of-A-Comedy-Legend-by-Robert-Ross-review.html |archive-date=19 November 2015}}</ref> Feldman joked that he was "the world's worst trumpet player."<ref name="Chilton" /> By the age of 20, he had decided to pursue a career as a comedian.

Although his early performing career was undistinguished, Feldman became part of a comedy act—Morris, Marty and Mitch—who made their first television appearance on the [[BBC]] series ''Showcase'' in April 1955.<ref name="Oliver" /> Later in the decade, Feldman worked on the scripts for ''[[Educating Archie]]'' in both its radio and television incarnations, with [[Chesney and Wolfe|Ronald Chesney]] and later, Ronald Wolfe.

In 1954, Feldman met [[Barry Took]] while both were working as performers, and with Took, he eventually formed an enduring writing partnership which lasted until 1974.<ref name="Oliver" /> They wrote a few episodes of ''[[The Army Game]]'' (1960) and the bulk of ''[[Bootsie and Snudge]]'' (1960–62), both situation comedies made by [[Granada Television]] for the [[ITV (TV channel)|ITV]] network. For [[BBC Radio]] they wrote ''[[Round the Horne]]'' (1964–67), their best-remembered comedy series, which starred [[Kenneth Horne]] and [[Kenneth Williams]].<ref name="six" /> (The last series of ''Round the Horne,'' in 1968, was written by others.) This work placed Feldman and Took 'in the front rank of comedy writers', according to [[Denis Norden]].<ref name="six" />

Feldman then became the chief writer and script editor on ''[[The Frost Report]]'' (1966–67). With John Law, he co-wrote the much-shown [[Class sketch|"Class" sketch]], in which [[John Cleese]], [[Ronnie Barker]] and [[Ronnie Corbett]] faced the audience, with their descending order of height, suggesting their relative social status as upper class (Cleese), middle class (Barker) and working class (Corbett).<ref name="six" />

===Ascent===
The television sketch comedy series ''[[At Last the 1948 Show]]'' raised Feldman's profile as a performer. The other three participants (future [[Monty Python]] members [[Graham Chapman]] and [[John Cleese]]; and future star of ''[[The Goodies (TV series)|The Goodies]]'' [[Tim Brooke-Taylor]]) needed a fourth cast member, and had Feldman in mind.<ref name="six" /> In a sketch broadcast on 1 March 1967, Feldman's character harassed a patient shop assistant (played by Cleese) regarding a series of fictitious books, achieving success with ''Ethel the Aardvark Goes Quantity Surveying''. His character in ''At Last the 1948 Show'' was often called Mr. Pest, according to Cleese.<ref>[[BBC Radio 2]] programme ''East End Boys'', 2014</ref> Feldman was co-author—along with Chapman, Cleese and Brooke-Taylor—of the sketch [[Four Yorkshiremen sketch|"Four Yorkshiremen"]], which was written for ''At Last the 1948 Show'', later adapted by Monty Python for their stage performances.<ref name="six" />

Feldman was given his own series on the BBC, ''[[Marty (TV series)|Marty]]'', in 1968;<ref name="six" /> it featured Brooke-Taylor, [[John Junkin]] and [[Roland MacLeod]], with Cleese as one of the writers.<ref name="six" /> Feldman won two [[British Academy of Film and Television Arts|BAFTA]] awards. The second series in 1969 was retitled ''It's Marty'' (this title being retained for the [[DVD-Video|DVD]] release of the series).

''Marty'' proved popular enough with an international audience (the first series winning the Golden Rose Award at Montreux) to launch a film career. Feldman's first feature film role was in ''[[Every Home Should Have One]]'' (1970).<ref name="six" />

===After 1970===
[[File:Marty Feldman 1972.JPG|thumb|250px|Promotional photo for ''[[The Marty Feldman Comedy Machine]]'', 1972]]
''[[The Marty Feldman Comedy Machine]]'' (1971–72) was a television series co-produced by [[Associated Television]] (ATV) in the UK and the [[American Broadcasting Company]], produced at ATV's [[BBC Elstree Centre|Elstree Studios]], near London. This vehicle lasted for just one series.<!-- See talk. --><ref>{{cite news|title=Marty Feldman Comedy Machine (The): The Complete Series|url=http://networkonair.com/shop/2243-marty-feldman-comedy-machine-the-the-complete-series-5027626436049.html|work=Network ON AIR|date=1 November 2015|access-date=9 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504000815/http://networkonair.com/shop/2243-marty-feldman-comedy-machine-the-the-complete-series-5027626436049.html|archive-date=4 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1974, [[Dennis Main Wilson]] produced a short BBC sketch series for Feldman titled ''Marty Back Together Again''—a reference to reports about the star's health—but it never captured the impact of the earlier series.

On film, in [[Mel Brooks]]' ''[[Young Frankenstein]]'' (1974), Feldman played [[Igor (Young Frankenstein)|Igor]] (pronounced "EYE-gore", a comic response to [[Gene Wilder]]'s claim that 'it's pronounced FRONK-en-steen'). Many lines in ''Young Frankenstein'' were improvised. Wilder said he had Feldman in mind when he wrote the part.<ref name="six" />

Feldman's performances on American television included ''[[The Dean Martin Show]]''.

In 1976, Feldman ventured into [[Cinema of Italy|Italian cinema]], starring with [[Dayle Haddon]] in the [[sex comedy]] ''40 Gradi All'Ombra del Lenzuolo'' ''([[Sex with a Smile]]''). He later appeared in ''[[The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother]]'' and Brooks' ''[[Silent Movie]]'', as well as directing and starring in ''[[The Last Remake of Beau Geste]]''. He also guest-starred in "Arabian Nights", an episode of ''[[The Muppet Show]]'' in which he was teamed up with several ''[[Sesame Street]]'' characters, especially [[Cookie Monster]], with whom he shared a playful cameo comparing their eyes side by side.

===Recording career===
During the course of his career, Feldman recorded two albums, ''Marty'' (1968) and ''I Feel a Song Going Off'' (1969), re-released in 1971 as ''The Crazy World of Marty Feldman''. The songs on his second album were written by [[Denis King]], John Junkin and Bill Solly (a writer for [[Max Bygraves]] and ''[[The Two Ronnies]]'').<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.thekettering.co.uk/?p=53 |title=Marty – The Whowrotewhat Wotnot (series 1) |journal=The Kettering |issue=4 |access-date=30 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810224024/http://www.thekettering.co.uk/?p=53 |archive-date=10 August 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was later released as a [[Compact disc|CD]] in 2007.

==Personal life==
From January 1959 until his death in 1982, Feldman was married to Lauretta Sullivan, with whom he had two children. She died in 2010, at the age of 74, in [[Studio City, Los Angeles]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?pid=141834867 |title=Lauretta Sullivan Feldman |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=15 April 2010}}</ref> Feldman's peers have reported, in a number of biographies, that he was highly attractive to women in spite of his unconventional facial appearance.<ref name="Ross2011">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qne_BgAAQBAJ&pg=PT252 |title=Marty Feldman: The Biography of a Comedy Legend |year=2011 |publisher=Titan Books |isbn=978-0-85768-602-2 |page=252 |first=Robert |last=Ross}}{{Request quotation|date=June 2019}}</ref> He spent time in jazz clubs, as he found a parallel between 'riffing' in a comedy partnership and the improvisation of jazz.<ref name="six" /><ref name="Rare Bird Books">{{cite book|last1=Feldman|first1=Marty|title=eyE Marty: The Official Autobiography of Marty Feldman|date=2016|publisher=Rare Bird Books}}</ref>

Politically, Feldman was described as an "avowed [[socialist]]",<ref name=current>Mike Kuhlenbeck. [https://archive.jewishcurrents.org/marty-feldman-versus-the-suits/ "Marty Fieldman versus the suits]", ''Jewish Currents'', June 29, 2016</ref> telling one interviewer, "I'm a socialist by conviction, if not by lifestyle",<ref>"Feldman has 'ideal equipment'", ''The Pittsburgh Press'', January 11, 1976</ref> and another, "I'm a socialist from way back, but in order to pay my back taxes I have to live in America to earn enough money to pay the back tax I owe to the socialist government that I voted in."<ref name="six"/> He later joked that when a [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] cabinet minister said to him, "Of course you vote Labour", Feldman replied, "No, I don't, because I'm a socialist!"<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9j04CgAAQBAJ&dq=%22I%27m+a+socialist%22+marty+feldman&pg=PT535 Marty Feldman: The Biography of a Comedy Legend]'' by Robert Ross, chapter 15, footnote 17</ref> Nevertheless, he generally did not seriously discuss politics in public, and once stated: "I feel it would be presumptuous for me to make any statements about American politics because I'm a guest here."<ref name="PEO">{{cite web|last1=Wilkins |first1=Barbara|title=Killer Looks|url= https://people.com/archive/cover-story-killer-looks-vol-8-no-9/|website=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=August 29, 1977}}</ref>  

An exception was during a promotional tour for ''The Last Remake of Beau Geste,'' when he denounced the campaign led by [[Anita Bryant]] against homosexuality.<ref>Mike Kuhlenbeck. [https://jewishcurrents.org/marty-feldman-versus-the-suits/ "Marty Feldman versus the Suits"], ''Jewish Currents,'' 29 June 2016</ref>  Another exception was after the murder of his friend [[John Lennon]].  Feldman subsequently became an anti-gun advocate in the US, even wearing an anti-gun t-shirt and hat pin during his appearance on the late night TV show ''Fridays''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theofficialmartyfeldman.com/main/news/fridays-with-marty/|title= Fridays with Marty|website= The Official Marty Feldman Website|date=March 18, 2016}}</ref>

In 1971, Feldman gave evidence in favour of the defendants in the obscenity trial for [[OZ (magazine)#UK obscenity trial and appeal|''Oz'']] magazine.<ref name="six" /> He chose not to [[Oath|swear on the Bible]], but to [[Affirmation (law)|affirm]].<ref name="six" /> Throughout his testimony, he mocked the judge after it was implied that Feldman had no religion because he was not Christian.<ref name="six" />

Feldman was a [[Lacto-ovo vegetarianism|lacto-ovo vegetarian]]. In a 1979 interview, when asked how long he had practised this, he stated: "I was about five and a half or six when I converted; I'm forty-three now, so it's been approximately thirty-eight years."<ref>{{cite book |last=Berry |first=Rynn |author-link=Rynn Berry |title=The Vegetarians |year= 1979 |location=Brookline, MA |publisher=Autumn Press |chapter=Marty Feldman |page=30 |isbn=0-394-73633-8 }}</ref>

[[File:Martin Feldman - photo by Jim Tipton, curtesy of findagravedotcom.jpg|thumb|upright|Feldman's gravestone in Forest Lawn Memorial Park]]

Feldman wrote an autobiography, ''Eye Marty: The Newly Discovered Autobiography of a Comic Genius'', which was brought to light following Lauretta's death. It was published in 2012 with a foreword by [[Eric Idle]].<ref name="Rare Bird Books"/>

==Death==
Feldman was a heavy cigarette smoker for most of his life, often smoking four or five packets daily. He died of a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]]<ref name=Lawson1982/> in a hotel room in [[Mexico City]] on 2 December 1982 at age 48<ref name="Death"/> during the making of the film ''[[Yellowbeard]]''; the film was subsequently dedicated to him. According to an editor's note in Feldman's posthumously published autobiography, [[Graham Chapman]] was with him at the time of his death.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Feldman|first1=Marty|title=eyE Marty: The Official Autobiography of Marty Feldman|date=2012|publisher=Rare Bird Books|page=7}}</ref>

Feldman is buried in the Garden of Heritage at [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)|Forest Lawn – Hollywood Hills Cemetery]], California, near his idol, [[Buster Keaton]].<ref name="six" />

==Filmography==
===Film===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1969 || data-sort-value="Bed Sitting Room, The" | ''[[The Bed Sitting Room (film)|The Bed Sitting Room]]'' || Nurse Arthur ||
|-
| 1970 || ''[[Every Home Should Have One]]'' || Teddy Brown ||
|-
| 1971 || data-sort-value="Magnificent Seven Deadly Sins, The" | ''[[The Magnificent Seven Deadly Sins]]'' || Man kicking Tree || cameo segment "Sloth"; writer segment "Lust"
|-
| 1972 || ''Today Mexico, Tomorrow the World'' || Football player Marty || short film
|-
| 1974 || ''[[Young Frankenstein]]'' || [[Igor (Young Frankenstein)|Igor]] ||
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1975 || data-sort-value="Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother, The" | ''[[The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother]]'' || Sgt. Orville Stanley Sacker ||
|-
| ''Closed Up-Tight'' || Cat burglar ||
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1976 || ''[[Sex with a Smile|40 gradi all'ombra del lenzuolo]]'' (''Sex With a Smile'') || Alex || segment "La Guardia del Corpo"
|-
| ''[[Silent Movie]]'' || Marty Eggs ||
|-
| 1977 || data-sort-value="Last Remake of Beau Geste, The" | ''[[The Last Remake of Beau Geste]]'' || Dagobert 'Digby' Geste || 
Also director & writer
|-
| 1980 || ''[[In God We Tru$t]]'' || Brother Ambrose || Also director & writer
|-
| 1982 || ''[[Slapstick of Another Kind]]'' || Sylvester ||
|-
| 1983 || ''[[Yellowbeard]]'' || Gilbert || (final film role)
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1967 || ''[[At Last the 1948 Show]]'' ||rowspan="4"| various characters ||
|-
| 1968–69 ||''[[Marty (TV series)|Marty]]'' / ''It's Marty'' ||
|-
| 1970 || ''Marty Amok!'' || television special
|-
| 1971 || ''Marty Abroad'' || television special
|-
| 1971–72 || data-sort-value="Marty Feldman Comedy Machine, The" | ''[[The Marty Feldman Comedy Machine]]'' ||rowspan="2"| himself ||
|-
| 1971–73 || data-sort-value="Flip Wilson Show, The" | ''[[The Flip Wilson Show]]'' ||
|-
| 1972 || data-sort-value="Marty Feldman Show, The" | ''The Marty Feldman Show'' || various || television movie
|-
| 1974 || ''Marty Back Together Again'' || various characters ||
|-
| 1981 || data-sort-value="Muppet Show, The" | ''[[The Muppet Show]]'' ||  himself || television series – one episode, "Arabian Nights"
|}

==Radio series==
* ''[[Round the Horne]]'' (co-writer with [[Barry Took]])

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |first=Roger |last=Wilmut |author-link=Roger Wilmut |title=From Fringe to Flying Circus – Celebrating a Unique Generation of Comedy 1960–1980 |publisher=Eyre Methuen |year=1980 |isbn=978-0-413-46950-2}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Biography}}
{{Wikiquote}}

* {{AllMovie name|id=89528|name=Marty Feldman}}
* {{IMDb name}}
* {{Tcmdb name}}
* {{Screenonline name|id=560057}}
* [http://www.theofficialmartyfeldman.com/ The Official Marty Feldman.com] link to official site

{{British Academy Television Award for Best Entertainment Performance}}
{{Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor}}

{{Authority control}}

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