View source for List of attacks on legislatures

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
The following is a list of attacks on state or national [[legislature]]s.

==19th century or earlier==
{|class="wikitable"
|+
!Attack
!Date
!Country
!Details
|-
|[[Gunpowder Plot]]
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|5 November 1605
|{{Flag|Kingdom of England|name=England}}
|Failed assassination attempt against [[James VI and I|King James I]] by a group of provincial [[English Catholics]] led by [[Robert Catesby]].
|-
|[[Five Members]]
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|5 November 1642
|{{Flag|Kingdom of England|name=England}}
|Attempt to arrest members of the [[House of Commons of England|House of Commons]] by [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]], leading to the [[First English Civil War]].
|-
|[[Battle of York]] 
|27 April 1813 
|{{Flag|Upper Canada}}
|The [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] temporarily occupied the Upper Canada capital of [[York, Upper Canada|York]] (modern-day [[Toronto]]) during the [[War of 1812]], plundering and burning many government buildings including the seat of the [[Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada]]. 
|-
|[[Burning of Washington]]
|24 August 1814 
|{{Flag|United States|1795}}
|A [[British Army]] force under the command of General [[Robert Ross (British Army officer)|Robert Ross]] marched into [[Washington, D.C.|Washington D.C.]] after winning the [[Battle of Bladensburg]] in the Chesapeake Campaign and burnt numerous buildings—including the [[White House]] and the [[United States Capitol|U.S. Capitol]]—in retaliation for the Battle of York and similar American raids in Upper Canada. The U.S. federal government, including President [[James Madison]], was forced to evacuate to [[Montgomery County, Maryland|Montgomery County]], [[Maryland]]. To date, the incident remains the only time the capital of the United States [[Invasion of the United States|was invaded or occupied]] by a foreign force. 
|-
|[[Storming of the Venezuelan National Congress]]
|24 January 1848
|{{Flag|Venezuela|1836}}
|Brawl at the headquarters of the [[Congress of the Republic of Venezuela|Venezuelan Congress]] in [[Caracas]] between the [[Conservative Party (Venezuela)|Conservatives]] and [[Liberal Party (Venezuela)|Liberals]], which had led almost two decades of continuous clashes.<ref name="universal">{{cite web|title=Atentado al Congreso de 1848|url=http://www.eluniversal.com/noticias/opinion/atentado-congreso-1848_74697|access-date=17 January 2021|archive-date=19 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919213320/http://www.eluniversal.com/noticias/opinion/atentado-congreso-1848_74697|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[French demonstration of 15 May 1848]]
|15 May 1848
|{{Flag|Second French Republic|name=France}}
|Intended to reverse the results of a [[French Second Republic|Second-Republic]] election of deputies to the Constituent Assembly.
|-
|[[Burning of the Parliament Buildings in Montreal]]
|25 April 1849 
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the United Kingdom.svg}} [[Province of Canada|British Canada]]
|Part of week-long rioting by [[Montreal]] [[Tory|Tories]] against the passage of the [[Rebellion Losses Bill]] providing amnesties and indemnities following the [[Rebellions of 1837–1838]]
|-
|[[Haitian Civil War of 1867–1869]]
|14 October 1867
|{{Flag|Haiti|1867}}
|During a standoff related to the Montas affair, a pro-[[Sylvain Salnave]] mob entered the [[Chamber of Deputies (Haiti)|chamber of deputies]] and expelled all its representatives. Chairs and tables were broken and portraits were damaged.<ref>Léger, Jacques Nicolas (1907). Haiti: Her History and Her Detractors. Neale Publishing Company. p. 213.</ref><ref>J.-C. DORSAINVIL (1934). Manuel d'histoire d'Haiti. p. 291.</ref>
|-
|French Chamber of Deputies bombing
|9 December 1893
|{{Flag|Third French Republic|name=France}}
|[[Auguste Vaillant]], an [[anarchist]], threw a homemade bomb inside the [[Chamber of Deputies of France]] and was immediately arrested after slightly injuring twenty deputies.<ref>[http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/VaillantAuguste.htm The Anarchist Encyclopedia – Auguste Vaillant entry] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080123215947/http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/Encyclopedia/VaillantAuguste.htm |date=23 January 2008 }}</ref> He was tried and [[guillotine]]d in February the following year. 
|-
|}

==20th century==
{|class="wikitable"
|+
!Attack
!Date
!Country
!Details
|-
|[[1908 bombardment of the Majlis]]
|23 June 1908
|{{Flag|Qajar Iran|1906}}
|During the [[Persian Constitutional Revolution]], [[Persian Cossack Brigade|Persian Cossacks]] loyal to Shah [[Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar]] and commanded by Russian colonel [[Vladimir Liakhov]] bombarded the [[Baharestan]] building housing the [[National Consultative Assembly]] in [[Tehran]] to force the surrender of the leaders of the Constitutional Movement before plundering the building.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fouman.com/history/Iranian_History_1908.html |title=Cossack Commander In Charge of Tehran - Russians Bombard Iranian Parliament |access-date=2010-10-29 |archive-date=2016-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826121719/http://www.fouman.com/history/Iranian_History_1908.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[1915 United States Capitol bomb attack]]
|2 July 1915
|{{Flag|United States|1912}}
|German-American activist, spy and former [[Harvard University]] professor [[Eric Muenter]] hid a package containing three sticks of [[dynamite]] and a timer under a [[telephone switchboard]] in the U.S. Capitol's Senate reception room. The bomb exploded at 11:40&nbsp;p.m., causing no casualties or injuries.<ref>{{cite web | title = Bomb Rocks Capitol | publisher = United States Senate | url = https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Bomb_Rocks_Capitol.htm | access-date = 19 May 2013}}</ref> Muenter, who at that time was living under the guise of Stanford professor "Frank Holt" after killing his pregnant wife in 1906, then bombed the {{SS|Minnehaha}} in New York City and shot [[J. P. Morgan Jr.]] in the span of the next 24 hours.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kinghorn|first1=Jonathan|title=S.S. Minnehaha|url=http://www.atlantictransportline.us/content/31Minnehaha.htm|website=The Atlantic Transport Line|access-date=14 June 2014}}</ref>{{refn|{{cite news
|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1915/07/04/104649435.pdf
|date=4 July 1915|work=The New York Times
|title=Intruder Has Dynamite – Forces His Way Into Banker's House at East Island, L. I. – Mrs. Morgan Risks Life – Leaps in Front of Husband, Who Thrusts Her Aside and Knocks Holt Down. – Wife Seizes His Revolver – As Financier Struggles on Flood She Aids Him Until the Servants Arrive. – British Ambassador Near – Sir Cecil Spring Rice a Guest at Breakfast Party Which the Shooting Interrupts.}}}} According to Muenter, his actions were in order to prevent United States involvement in [[World War I]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Man Who Shot J. P. Morgan Twice Admits Setting Bomb At National Capital|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/759264552.html?dids=759264552:759264552&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jul+04%2C+1915&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=MAN+WHO+SHOT+J.+P.+MORGAN+TWICE+ADMITS+SETTING+BOMB+AT+NATIONAL+CAPITAL&pqatl=google|quote="Former German Instructor At Cornell Talks Freely After Third Degree Is Used, and Says He Wanted To Stop Shipment of Munitions To Europe. Is Suspected of Other, Similar Crimes. Describes Construction of Rare Type of 'Infernal Machine'. Financier Reported in Excellent Condition. Has Two Bullet Wounds In His Hip."|work=[[Hartford Courant]]|date=4 July 1915|access-date=30 October 2009|archive-date=23 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023111814/https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/759264552.html?dids=759264552:759264552&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jul+04%2C+1915&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=MAN+WHO+SHOT+J.+P.+MORGAN+TWICE+ADMITS+SETTING+BOMB+AT+NATIONAL+CAPITAL&pqatl=google|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Storming of the Belgian Parliament
|29 July 1920
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|[[World War I]] veterans stormed the [[Palace of the Nation]] housing the [[Belgian Federal Parliament|Belgian Parliament]], demanding the government hear their demands for compensation.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2021/01/16/100-jaar-geleden-de-eerste-en-laatste-bestorming-van-het-belgis/|title=100 Jaar Geleden: De Eerste en Laatste Bestorming van het Belgische Parlement|website=VRT NWS|date=17 January 2021|access-date=9 March 2021|trans-title=100 Years Ago: The First and Last Storming on the Belgian Parliament|language=Dutch}}</ref>
|-
|Bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly Building
|8 April 1929
|{{Flag|British India}}
|Indian nationalists [[Bhagat Singh]] and [[Batukeshwar Dutt]] threw two bombs and leaflets inside the [[Central Legislative Assembly]] (the lower house of the British Indian legislature) in [[New Delhi]] in protest over the Trade Disputes and the Public Safety Bill being presented in the Assembly and the death of [[Lala Lajpat Rai]].<ref>{{cite book |last2=Hooja |first2=Bhupendra |last1=Singh |first1=Bhagat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OAq4N60oopEC |title=The Jail Notebook and Other Writings |publisher=LeftWord Books |year=2007 |isbn=978-81-87496-72-4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001140920/https://books.google.com/books?id=OAq4N60oopEC&hl=ru|archive-date=1 October 2015}}</ref> Few sustained injuries in the explosion and there were no deaths, which Singh and Dutt claimed was intentional.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shahidbhagatsingh.org/index.asp?link=june6 |title=Full Text of Statement of S. Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutta in the Assembly Bomb Case. |access-date=2011-10-29 |work=Letter, Writings and Statements of Shaheed Bhagat Singh and his Copatriots |publisher=Shahid Bhagat Singh Research Committee, Ludhiana}}</ref> Singh was initially sentenced to life imprisonment, but was executed after additional charges were brought, while Dutt was also sentenced to life but was later released. 
|-
|[[Reichstag fire]]
|27 February 1933
|{{Flag|Nazi Germany|1933}}
|Arson attack on the [[Reichstag building]], home of the German parliament in [[Berlin]]. The day after the fire, the [[Reichstag Fire Decree]] was passed. The [[Nazi Party]] used the fire as a pretext to claim that communists were plotting against the German government, which made the fire pivotal in the establishment of [[Nazi Germany]].
|-
|[[6 February 1934 crisis]]
|6 February 1934
|{{Flag|France|1830}}
|Violent demonstrations outside the [[Palais Bourbon]] by members of far-right groups in opposition to the coalition government of [[Édouard Daladier]], resulting in the deaths of 15 demonstrators at the hands of police.
|-
|[[The Blitz]]
|10-11 May 1941
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|A nighttime bombing raid by the [[Luftwaffe]] on [[London]] saw the [[Houses of Parliament]] on the [[Palace of Westminster]] hit 12 times, killing Resident Superintendent of the House of Lords, Edward Elliott, and two policemen, and causing a fire that destroyed the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] chamber.<ref>[http://www.parliament.uk/documents/War-Memorial-Lists/War-Memorials-Westminster-Hall-WW2.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623011628/http://www.parliament.uk/documents/War-Memorial-Lists/War-Memorials-Westminster-Hall-WW2.pdf|date=23 June 2015}} Names on the Parliamentary War Memorial.</ref><ref>{{Cite news |work=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-57088372 |title=In pictures: Commons marks 80 years since WW2 bombing |date=12 May 2021 |access-date=8 January 2024}}</ref> 
|-
|[[Lebanese Independence Day|1943 Lebanese demonstrations]]
|22 November 1943
|{{Flag|Lebanon|1920}}
|Demonstrators stormed the [[Parliament of Lebanon|Lebanese parliament]] in protest after the arrest of [[List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon|Prime Minister]] [[Riad Al Solh]], President [[Bechara El Khoury]], [[Camille Chamoun]], and other personalities by [[Free French]] troops.<ref>[http://www.lgic.org/en/history_lebanon1516.php www.lgic.org], (1920-1943) Mandate Period and Independence. URL accessed 7 June 2008.</ref>{{Failed verification|date=January 2022}}
|-
|[[Levant Crisis]]
|29 May 1945
|{{Flag|Syria|1932}}
|French troops stormed the [[Syrian parliament]] and tried to arrest President [[Shukri al-Quwatli]] and Speaker [[Saadallah al-Jabiri]] but both managed to escape. The French burned and bombarded the building.<ref name="Rogan">Rogan pp. 244–246</ref>
|-
|[[1950 Haitian coup d'état]]
|8 May 1950
|{{Flag|Haiti|1950}}
|During a constitutional crisis between President [[Dumarsais Estimé]] and the [[Senate (Haiti)|Senate]], a pro-Estimé mob invaded the Senate, completely destroyed it, and looted its items as trophies. Faced with this situation, the Haitian army intervened with a coup.<ref>Smith, Matthew J. (2009). Red & Black in Haiti: Radicalism, Conflict, and Political Change, 1934-1957. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 146–147.</ref>
|-
|[[Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany|Israel reparations protests]]
|7 January 1952
|{{Flag|Israel}}
|Protesters critical of the [[Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany|Reparations Agreement]] between [[Israel]] and [[West Germany]] led by future Prime Minister [[Menachem Begin]] threw stones at the [[Frumin House]] in [[Jerusalem]], then the seat of the [[Knesset]], one of which smashed through a window and injured MK [[Hanan Rubin]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Schneider|first=Tal |title=Security services said preparing for scenario in which Knesset is stormed |website=[[The Times of Israel]] |date=22 March 2021|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/security-services-said-preparing-for-scenario-in-which-knesset-is-stormed/|access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> 
|-
|[[1954 United States Capitol shooting]]
|1 March 1954
|{{Flag|United States|1912}}
|Four [[Puerto Rican independence movement|Puerto Rican nationalists]] wanting [[Puerto Rico]]'s independence shot 30 rounds from semi-automatic pistols from the ''Ladies' Gallery'' (a balcony for visitors) of the [[United States Capitol#House Chamber|House of Representatives chamber]] in the [[United States Capitol]].
|-
|Frumin House bombing
|29 October 1957
|{{Flag|Israel}}
|Moshe Dwek entered Frumin House and lobbed a grenade into the Knesset chamber which exploded. Among those injured were the Minister of Transportation, [[Moshe Carmel]], the Minister of Religion, [[Haim-Moshe Shapira]], Prime Minister [[David Ben-Gurion]] and Foreign Minister [[Golda Meir]]. Dwek, who claimed to have had a grudge against the [[Jewish Agency]] and the [[Israeli Supreme Court]] was sentenced to 15 years in prison. The incident led to the creation of the Knesset's own security apparatus, the [[Knesset Guard]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Naor |first=Amit |title=When a Grenade Exploded in the Knesset, Israel's Parliament |website=[[National Library of Israel]] |date=21 November 2022 |url=https://blog.nli.org.il/en/hoi_knesset_grenade/|access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> 
|-
|[[Anpo protests#The "June 15th Incident"|15 June Incident]]
|15 June 1960
|{{Flag|Japan|1947}}
|Hundreds of thousands of protestors opposed to the [[Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan]] marching on the [[National Diet]] building in Tokyo were attacked by right-wing counter-demonstrators with wooden staves and trucks, before leftist [[Zengakuren]] members breached the Diet building, provoking an hours-long battle with police and leading to the death of [[Michiko Kanba|one Zengakuren activist]].
|-
|[[Paul Joseph Chartier|Parliament of Canada failed bomb plot]]
|18 May 1966
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|Paul Joseph Chartier died when a bomb he was preparing exploded in a washroom of the [[Parliament Hill|Parliament of Canada]]. It is believed that he was preparing to bomb the [[House of Commons of Canada|House of Commons]].
|-
|[[List of Weatherman actions#1971|1971 United States Capitol bombing]]
| 1 March 1971
| {{Flag|United States}}
| The [[Weather Underground]] set off a bomb in the [[United States Capitol]] causing an estimated $300,000 in damage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bomb-explodes-in-capitol-building|title = Bomb explodes in Capitol building}}</ref>
|-
|[[1974 Houses of Parliament bombing]]
|17 June 1974
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|The [[Provisional IRA]] bombed the British [[Houses of Parliament]], causing extensive damage and injuring eleven people.<ref>{{cite web|last=Melaugh|first=Martin|title=CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1974|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch74.htm#Jun}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=BBC ON THIS DAY - 17 - 1974: IRA bombs parliament|date=17 June 1974|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/17/newsid_2514000/2514827.stm|publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Finn|first=Christina|title=On this day in 1974 the IRA bombed the Houses of Parliament in London|work=[[TheJournal.ie]]|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/on-this-day-1972-ira-bomb-houses-of-parliament-1520010-Jun2014/}}</ref>
|-
|Storming of the National Palace
|22-24 August 1978
|{{Flag|Nicaragua}}
|During the [[Nicaraguan Revolution]], [[Sandinista]] rebels led by [[Eden Pastora]] seized the [[National Palace (Nicaragua)|National Palace]] in [[Managua]] while during a session of [[National Congress of Nicaragua|Congress]], taking 2,000 hostages. Pastora demanded money, the release of Sandinista prisoners, and, "a means of publicizing the Sandinista cause."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brown.edu/Research/Understanding_the_Iran_Contra_Affair/timeline-nicaragua.php|title=Understanding the Iran-Contra Affairs|website=www.brown.edu|access-date=2017-04-09|archive-date=8 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608214954/http://www.brown.edu/Research/Understanding_the_Iran_Contra_Affair/timeline-nicaragua.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> After two days, the government of [[Anastasio Somoza Debayle]] agreed to pay $500,000 and to release certain prisoners, ending the siege.<ref>[[Uppsala Conflict Data Program]] Conflict Encyclopedia, Nicaragua, State-based conflict, In depth, The Sandinista revolution, http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=117&regionSelect=4-Central_Americas# {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331194454/http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=117&regionSelect=4-Central_Americas |date=31 March 2016 }} [link is not working]</ref>
|-
|[[Assassination of Airey Neave]]
|30 March 1979
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|[[Airey Neave]], British [[Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland]], was assassinated by the [[Irish National Liberation Army]] with a bomb fixed under his car. The bomb detonated in the car park of the [[Palace of Westminster]] in London and mortally wounded Neave, who died shortly after being admitted to hospital.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 March 1979|title=1979: Car bomb kills Airey Neave|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/30/newsid_2783000/2783877.stm|via=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
|-
|[[1981 Spanish coup d'état attempt]]
|23 February 1981
|{{Flag|Spain|1977}}
|Lieutenant-Colonel [[Antonio Tejero]] led 200 armed [[Civil Guard (Spain)|Civil Guard]] officers into the [[Spanish Congress of Deputies|Congress of Deputies]] during the vote to elect a [[List of Prime Ministers of Spain|President of the Government]]. The officers held the parliamentarians and ministers hostage for 18 hours, during which time King [[Juan Carlos I]] denounced the coup in a televised address, calling for rule of law and the democratic government to continue. Though shots were fired, the hostage-takers surrendered the next morning without killing anyone.
|-
|[[1983 United States Senate bombing]]
|7 November 1983
|{{Flag|United States}}
|Bomb explosion at the [[United States Senate]] motivated by U.S. military involvement in [[Lebanon]] and [[Grenada]].
|-
|[[Denis Lortie|National Assembly of Quebec shooting]]
|8 May 1984
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|Denis Lortie, a former [[Canadian Forces]] [[corporal]], stormed into the [[Parliament Building (Quebec)|building]] housing the [[National Assembly of Quebec]] and opened fire with several firearms, killing three [[Quebec]] government employees and wounding 13 others.
|-
|[[1987 Fijian coups d'état]]
|14 May 1987
|{{Flag|Fiji}}
|Hardline [[I-Taukei]] soldiers led by Lieutenant Colonel [[Sitiveni Rabuka]] entered the [[House of Representatives of Fiji|House of Representatives]] in [[Suva]] and ordered the eviction of Prime Minister [[Timoci Bavadra]] and all MPs inside before announcing their takeover of the government
|-
|[[1987 grenade attack in the Sri Lankan Parliament]]
|18 August 1987
|{{Flag|Sri Lanka}}
|An assailant hurled two [[Hand grenade|grenades]] into a room where [[Member of Parliament (Sri Lanka)|Members of Parliament]] were meeting. The grenades bounced off the table at which President [[J. R. Jayawardene]] and Prime Minister [[Ranasinghe Premadasa]] were sitting, and rolled away. A Member of Parliament and a ministry secretary were killed by the explosions. The attacks are attributed to the [[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna]], a [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]] nationalist militant organization.
|-
|1989 Parliament Hill hijacking and hostage incident
|7 April 1989
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|On the [[Champlain Bridge (Montreal, 1962–2019)|Champlain Bridge]] near [[Montreal]], [[Charles Yacoub]] used a gun to hijack a [[Greyhound Canada|Greyhound]] Montreal to [[New York City]] intercity bus, taking the driver and passengers hostage and ordering the bus to [[Parliament Hill]] in [[Ottawa]]. A hostage standoff ensued on the lawn of the legislature for several hours. Yacoub released the remaining hostages and surrendered to police that evening. He later stated his goal was to draw attention to civilian deaths in the [[Lebanese Civil War]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Egan |first1=Kelly |title=Egan: 1989 Hill hijacker won pardon, legally obtained 17 more guns |url=https://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/egan-1989-hill-hijacker-won-pardon-legally-obtained-17-more-guns/ |access-date=16 April 2022 |work=Ottawa Citizen |date=20 June 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|Intermovement storming
|15 May 1990
|{{Flag|Estonia}}
|<!--On 8 May, the [[Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR]] had restored the name "Republic of Estonia" and several state symbols of Estonia. On 15 May, -->[[Intermovement]] (a hardline, anti-[[Perestroika]], pro-Soviet organisation consisting mostly of ethnic Russians) held a mass gathering in front of [[Toompea Castle]] in the capital [[Tallinn]], breaking into the courtyard and escalating into an attempt to take over the [[Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic|parliament]] building; although they failed to reach the chambers.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Crowds attack Estonian, Latvian Parliaments - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/05/15/Crowds-attack-Estonian-Latvian-Parliaments/9446642744000/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Prime Minister of the Interim Estonian Government, [[Edgar Savisaar]], asked people to defend the legislature in a radio call.<ref name=":0" /> Thousands of Estonians responded, assembled by the parliament building and forced the unarmed anti-independence protesters to leave the site after some three hours with no reported significant injuries.<ref name=":0" /> An estimated 5,000 people took part in the storming of the legislature.<ref name=":0" />
|-
|[[Jamaat al Muslimeen coup attempt]]
|27 July-1 August 1990
|{{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
|Members of the radical Islamist group [[Jamaat al Muslimeen]] tried to overthrow the government and seized media outlets and the [[Red House (Trinidad and Tobago)|Red House]], the seat of the country's [[Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago|Parliament]] in [[Port-of-Spain]], taking Prime Minister [[A. N. R. Robinson]] hostage along with most of his cabinet. Robinson was shot and injured by the insurgents, while MP [[Leo Des Vignes]] later died of his injuries. The takeover ended on 1 August after the rebels, who had been isolated by the army, agreed to surrender in exchange for an amnesty.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-10774647 "Trinidad marks 1990 coup attempt"], BBC, July 27, 2010</ref>
|-
|[[1991–92 Georgian coup d'état]]
|22 December 1991 to 6 January 1992
|{{Flag|Georgia|1990}}
|Paramilitary forces attacked, besieged and finally captured the [[Georgian Parliament Building (Tbilisi)|Georgian Parliament building]] in [[Tbilisi]], leading to the fall of President [[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]].
|-
|[[1993 Russian constitutional crisis]]
|4 October 1993
|{{Flag|Russia|1991}}
|[[War of Laws#Issues in a new Russia|Political stand-off]] between [[President of Russia|Russian president]] [[Boris Yeltsin]] and the Russian legislature that was resolved by military force. The relations between the president and the parliament had been deteriorating for some time, reached its [[Constitutional crisis|crisis]] on 21 September, when Yeltsin intended to dissolve the country's highest body ([[Congress of People's Deputies of Russia|Congress of People's Deputies]]) and parliament ([[Supreme Soviet of Russia|Supreme Soviet]]). On 3 October, demonstrators removed police cordons around the parliament and, urged by their leaders, took over the Mayor's offices and tried to storm the [[Ostankino District|Ostankino]] television centre. The [[Russian Ground Forces|Russian Army]], which had initially declared its neutrality, stormed the [[White House (Moscow)|Russian White House]] in the early morning hours of 4 October by Yeltsin's order, and arrested the leaders of the resistance.<ref>{{cite web|title=Remembering Russia's civil siege|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3161002.stm|access-date=10 March 2003}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Putin is part of a continuum that stretches back to the tsars|website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date=4 April 2017|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/apr/04/putin-continuum-tsars-russia|access-date=4 April 2017}}</ref> 
|-
|[[Rwandan Civil War]]
|6 April-4 July 1994
|{{Flag|Rwanda|1962}}
|At the beginning of the [[Rwandan Genocide]], the building housing the [[Transitional National Assembly of Rwanda]], which also hosted a garrison of the [[Rwandan Patriotic Army]] that was stationed there to protect representatives of the [[Rwandan Patriotic Front]] participating in peace negotiations, was besieged by the [[Rwandan Armed Forces]] and [[Hutu]] genocidaires. Despite this, the building became a refuge for [[Tutsi]]s fleeing the genocide until the RPF captured Kigali and relieved the garrison.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kwibohora25: Does the New Look of Parliament Building Symbolize Rwanda’s Stand Today? |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2019/06/kwibohora25-does-the-new-look-of-parliament-building-symbolize-rwandas-stand-today/|access-date=10 October 2024 |work=KT Press}}</ref>
|-
|[[1996 Parliament House riot]]
|19 August 1996
|{{Flag|Australia}}
|Attack on [[Parliament House, Canberra]], when protesters broke away from the "Cavalcade to Canberra" rally organised by the [[Australian Council of Trade Unions]] (ACTU) and sought to force their way into the national [[Parliament of Australia|Parliament]], causing property damage and attacking police.
|-
|[[Fall of Suharto]]
|17-22 May 1998
|{{Flag|Indonesia}}
|Up to 2,000 students occupied the [[People's Representative Council]] demanding an end to the 32-year dictatorship of President [[Suharto]]. After he resigned on 21 May, the students were evicted by the army without serious injury.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lander |first=Mark |title=Indonesian Soldiers Oust Students From Parliament |website=[[The New York Times]] |date=23 May 1998 |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/world/asia/052398indonesia-students.html|access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> 
|-
|[[1998 United States Capitol shooting]]
|24 July 1998
|{{Flag|United States}}
|Attack that led to the deaths of two [[United States Capitol Police]] officers. Officer [[Jacob Chestnut]] and Detective [[John Gibson (police officer)|John Gibson]] were killed when Russell Eugene Weston Jr., entered the [[United States Capitol|Capitol]] and opened fire.<ref name="CNN">{{cite news|title=2 dead, 2 hurt in U.S. Capitol shooting|publisher=CNN.com|url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9807/24/dc.shooting.03/|access-date=19 January 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029233005/http://www.cnn.com/US/9807/24/dc.shooting.03/|archive-date=29 October 2006}}</ref> Weston's exact motives are unknown, but he had expressed a strong distrust of the [[federal government of the United States]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Marion|first1=Nancy E.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MQkWBAAAQBAJ&q=1998+%22shooting%22+%22Weston%22+strong+%22distrust%22+of+the+federal+government.&pg=PA244|title=Killing Congress: Assassinations, Attempted Assassinations and Other Violence against Members of Congress|last2=Oliver|first2=Willard|publisher=Lexington Books|year=2014|isbn=978-0-7391-8360-1}}</ref> As of July 2018,<ref><!--Only to be used for the date--> [https://wtop.com/media-galleries/2018/07/remembering-the-98-capitol-shooting-photos/ Remembering the ’98 Capitol shooting (Photos)] [[WTOP-FM]]</ref> Weston, diagnosed with [[paranoid schizophrenia]], remained in a mental institution.<ref name="RollCall_7may08">{{cite news|last=Yehle|first=Emily|date=7 May 2008|title=Weston unlikely to ever be tried|pages=1, 16|work=Roll Call|publisher=Roll Call, Inc.|location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref><ref name="CNN_11jan07">{{cite news|title=Capitol shooting suspect was 'low-level threat' to Clinton|publisher=CNN.com|url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9807/24/dc.shooting.04/|access-date=11 January 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050913025541/http://www.cnn.com/US/9807/24/dc.shooting.04/|archive-date=13 September 2005}}</ref>
|-
|[[Armenian parliament shooting]]
|27 October 1999
|{{Flag|Armenia}}
|Attack on the [[National Assembly of Armenia|National Assembly]] in [[Yerevan]] by a group of five armed men led by [[Nairi Hunanyan]] that, among others, killed the two ''de facto'' decision-makers in the country's political leadership—[[Prime Minister of Armenia|Prime Minister]] [[Vazgen Sargsyan]] and Parliament Speaker [[Karen Demirchyan]].
|-
|[[2000 Fijian coup d'état]]
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|19 May-13 July 2000
|{{Flag|Fiji}}
|Hardline [[I-Taukei]]s led by [[George Speight]] stormed the country's parliament and took Prime Minister [[Mahendra Chaudhry]] and all but one member of his cabinet hostage. During captivity, Chaudhry was removed from office on 27 May by President [[Kamisese Mara]], who was in turn deposed in a coup on 29 May by Commodore [[Frank Bainimarama]], commander of the [[Royal Fiji Military Forces]]. Although hostages were gradually released, the ensuing standoff created a political crisis that ended with Speight releasing the remaining hostages in exchange for an amnesty and the accession of [[Josefa Iloilo]] to the presidency on 13 July.
|-
|[[Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević]]
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|5 October 2000
|{{Flag|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia}}
|Protesters demanding the resignation of President [[Slobodan Milošević]] stormed the [[Federal Assembly of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Federal Assembly]] in [[Belgrade]], smashing glass, throwing documents from windows and setting several fires on the ground floor despite police firing tear gas from inside the building.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=82466&page=1 |title=Yugoslav Opposition Storms Parliament Building |website=ABC News |date=5 October 2000}}</ref>
|}

==21st century==
{|class="wikitable"
|+
!Attack
!Date
!Country
!Details
|-
|-
|[[Zug massacre]]
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|27 September 2001
|{{Flag|Switzerland}}
|[[Friedrich Leibacher]] shot dead 14 people in the [[Canton of Zug|cantonal]] [[parliament]] in [[Zug]] before killing himself.<ref>{{cite news|date=27 September 2001|title=Gunman kills 14 in Swiss assembly|publisher=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1566321.stm|access-date=3 March 2010}}</ref>
|-
|[[2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing]]
|1 October 2001
|{{Flag|India}}
|Three militants belonging to [[Jaish-e-Mohammed]] carried out an attack on the [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] State [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] complex in [[Srinagar]] using a [[Tata Sumo]] loaded with explosives, ramming it into the main gate with three [[fidayeen]] suicide bombers.<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/news/2001/oct/01kash1.htm Terror unleashes on J&K State Legislative Assembly]</ref><ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20011002/main1.htm Fidayeen storm J&K House, kill 29], [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], 2 October 2001</ref> 38 people and three fidayeen were killed in this attack.<ref>{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20041207154936/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1821/18210200.htm AN AUDACIOUS STRIKE]}}, [[Frontline (magazine)]], 13 October 2001</ref>
|-
|[[2001 Indian Parliament attack]]
|13 December 2001
|{{Flag|India}}
|Gun attack on the [[Parliament of India]] in [[New Delhi]]. The perpetrators belonged to [[Lashkar-e-Taiba]] (LeT) and [[Jaish-e-Mohammed]] (JeM).<ref name="indianembassy.org">{{cite web|date=18 December 2001|title=Terrorist Attack on the Parliament of India|url=http://www.indianembassy.org/new/parliament_dec_13_01.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611152203/http://www.indianembassy.org/new/parliament_dec_13_01.htm|archive-date=11 June 2010|access-date=12 December 2018|publisher=Embassy of India – Washington DC}}</ref> The attack killed ten people and led to increased tensions between India and Pakistan, resulting in the [[2001–02 India–Pakistan standoff]]. The five assailants were killed outside the parliament.
|-
|[[2001 Odisha Assembly attack]]
|16 December 2001
|{{Flag|India}}
|High-profile attack by [[Bajrang Dal]], [[Vishwa Hindu Parishad]] and [[Durga Vahini]] on the [[Odisha]] State Legislative Assembly complex in [[Bhubaneswar]].
|-
|[[2007 Iraqi Parliament bombing]]
|12 April 2007
|{{Flag|Iraq|2004}}
|The canteen of the [[Council of Representatives of Iraq]] building in [[Baghdad]] was attacked by a [[suicide bomber]] who had breached the [[Green Zone]]. The canteen was on the same floor as the main debating chamber. MP [[Mohammed Awad (politician)|Mohammed Awad al-Jibouri]] of the [[National Dialogue Front]], was killed in the attack; 23 others were injured, including 5 MPs from the [[Iraqi Accord Front]], 3 MPs from the [[National Iraqi Alliance|United Iraq Alliance]], and 3 MPs from [[Muqtada al-Sadr]]'s list.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2007/4/14/group-claims-iraq-parliament-attack Group claims Iraq parliament attack], Al Jazeera (April 14, 2007).</ref>
|-
|[[Batasang Pambansa bombing]]
|13 November 2007
|{{Flag|Philippines}}
|Bombing that occurred in front of the [[House of Representatives (Philippines)|House of Representatives]] in [[Quezon City]]. The blast killed Congressman [[Wahab Akbar]] and [[Marcial Taldo]], a staff member of Congresswoman [[Luzviminda Ilagan]], and wounded Ilagan, Congressman [[Pryde Henry Teves]], and two others.<ref name="PDI">{{Cite web |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view_article.php?article_id=100700 |title=Speaker says House blast that killed driver a bomb |access-date=17 January 2021 |archive-date=7 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607102705/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view_article.php?article_id=100700 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[2010 Kyrgyz Revolution]]
|7 April 2010
|{{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
|Opposition leaders and demonstrators led by [[Omurbek Tekebayev]] stormed the [[Jogorku Kenesh]] building in [[Bishkek]] demanding the overthrow of President [[Kurmanbek Bakiyev]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Rioters storm Parliament in Kyrgyzstan capital|newspaper=RIA Novosti|date=7 April 2010|url=http://en.rian.ru/exsoviet/20100407/158468470.html| access-date= 7 April 2010 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100409091211/http://en.rian.ru/exsoviet/20100407/158468470.html| archive-date= 9 April 2010| url-status= dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[2010 Chechen Parliament attack]]
|19 October 2010
|{{Flag|Russia}}
|Three [[Chechen people|Chechen]] militants attacked the parliament complex in [[Grozny]], the capital of the [[Chechnya|Chechen Republic]], a [[federal subject of Russia]].{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} At least six people were killed, including two police officers, one parliament employee and all three suicide commandos.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}}
|-
|[[Tripoli protests and clashes (February 2011)|Tripoli protests]]
|21 February 2011
|{{flagicon|Libya|1977}} [[Libya]]
|Protesters demanding the overthrow of [[Muammar Gaddafi]] set fire to the [[People's Hall, Tripoli|People's Hall]] housing the [[General People's Congress (Libya)|General People's Congress]] in [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]].<ref>{{cite magazine| url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2045328_2045333_2053371,00.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225201122/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2045328_2045333_2053371,00.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=25 February 2011 | magazine=Time | title=The Middle East in Revolt | date=22 February 2011}}</ref>
|-
|2013 occupation of the Brazilian Congress
|16 April 2013
|{{Flag|Brazil}}
|Amid a wave of [[2013 protests in Brazil|social unrest in Brazil]], indigenous demonstrators representing some [[Indigenous peoples in Brazil|70 indigenous tribes]] occupied the [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] in [[Brasilia]]. A similar attempt by several hundred indigenous demonstrators to storm Congress on October 2, 2013 was halted by police using [[pepper spray]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Anthony Boadle|title=Brazilian police stop Indians from storming Congress|date=October 2, 2013|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-brazil-indians-protest/brazilian-police-stop-indians-from-storming-congress-idUKBRE9911E520131002|quote =During a similar protest in April, members of some 70 tribes barged into the lower house of Congress, delaying a debate on indigenous policy. Brazilian police, who have faced bouts of social unrest since the country experienced massive protests in June against corruption and poor government services, were less permissive this time.}}</ref>
|-
|[[2013 protests in Brazil]]
|17 June 2013
|{{Flag|Brazil}}
|Protesters occupied the [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Rio de Janeiro State Legislative Chamber]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]] city, causing riot police to be called in. Three protesters were injured by gunfire, reportedly by police forces, while ten others were hospitalized.<ref>{{in lang|pt}} [http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/cotidiano/2013/06/1296922-no-rio-3-foram-baleados-durante-protesto-10-seguem-internados.shtml In Rio 3 were shot amidst protests, 10 still hospitalized]</ref>
|-
|[[Capture of the Crimean Parliament]]
|27 February 2014
|{{Flag|Ukraine}}
|During the early phase of the [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|Russian annexation of Crimea]], [[Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)|Russian special forces in unmarked uniforms]] entered the building of the [[Verkhovna Rada of Crimea]] and took control of it.
|-
|[[Sunflower Student Movement]]
|18 March 2014
|{{Flag|Taiwan}}
| Opponents of the [[Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement]] with the [[People's Republic of China]] that was passed by skipping through certain procedures occupied the offices of the [[Legislative Yuan]] until April 10, when the parliamentary leadership agreed to a more thorough review of the agreement. 
|-
|[[2014 shootings at Parliament Hill, Ottawa]]
|22 October 2014
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|At the [[National War Memorial (Canada)|Canadian National War Memorial]], Corporal [[Nathan Cirillo]], a [[Canadian Army|Canadian soldier]] and [[Primary Reserve|reservist]] on [[Ceremonial Guard (Canada)|ceremonial sentry]] duty was fatally shot by [[Michael Zehaf-Bibeau]]. Zehaf-Bibeau then entered the nearby [[Centre Block]] parliament building, where members of the [[Parliament of Canada]] were attending [[caucus]]es. After wrestling with a constable at the entrance, Zehaf-Bibeau ran inside and had a shootout with parliament security personnel. He was shot 31 times by six officers and died on scene.<ref>[http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/garbled-radio-call-delayed-police-response-to-parliament-hill-attacker-rcmp-1.2403906 ctvnews.ca: "Garbled radio call delayed police response to Parliament Hill attacker: RCMP"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150604042555/http://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/garbled-radio-call-delayed-police-response-to-parliament-hill-attacker-rcmp-1.2403906|date=4 June 2015}}, 3 June 2015</ref><ref name="opp">{{cite report|url=http://www.parl.gc.ca/about/house/newsroom/articles/2015-06-03-Report-e.pdf|title=Independent Investigation Into the Death of Michael Zehaf-Bibeau|date=22 October 2014|publisher=Royal Canadian Mounted Police|isbn=978-0-660-02415-8|access-date=29 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622161230/http://www.parl.gc.ca/about/house/newsroom/articles/2015-06-03-Report-e.pdf|archive-date=22 June 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="parlsumm">[http://www.parl.gc.ca/about/house/newsroom/articles/2015-06-03-Summary-e.pdf parl.gc.ca: "October 22, 2014 House of Commons Incident Response Summary"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924140137/http://www.parl.gc.ca/about/house/newsroom/articles/2015-06-03-Summary-e.pdf|date=24 September 2015}}, 3 June 2015</ref>
|-
|[[2014 Burkina Faso uprising]]
|30 October 2014
|{{Flag|Burkina Faso}}
|A crowd of about 1,500 demonstrators protesting against plans by President [[Blaise Compaoré]] to extend his rule stormed the [[National Assembly of Burkina Faso|National Assembly]] building in [[Ouagadougou]] and set the structure on fire along with documents and nearby cars, while stealing computer equipment.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 October 2014 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-29831262 | title=Burkina Faso parliament set ablaze |work=BBC}}</ref>
|-
|[[2016 Turkish coup attempt]]
|15–16 July 2016
|{{Flag|Turkey}}
|Putschists bombed the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Grand National Assembly Building]] in [[Ankara]] from the air.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/live-turkish-army-says-taken-power-over-country-10503062|title=LIVE: Coup Crumbles Leaving '161 Dead'|publisher=Sky News}}</ref>
|-
|2016 Gabonese parliament attack
|31 August 2016
|{{Flag|Gabon}}
|Protesters demonstrating against President [[Ali Bongo Ondimba]]'s reelection victory in the [[2016 Gabonese presidential election]] entered the back of the [[National Assembly of Gabon|National Assembly]] building in [[Libreville]] and set part of the structure on fire.<ref>{{cite web |date=31 August 2016 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/gabon-election-fire-idAFL8N1BC5SO| title=Demonstrators set fire to part of Gabon parliament building - witness |work=Reuters}}</ref>
|-
|2016 Brazilian Congress attack
|17 November 2016
|{{Flag|Brazil}}
|Around 60 protesters demanding a military coup to overturn the [[Brazilian government]] broke a glass door and entered the [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] at the [[National Congress Palace]] in [[Brasilia]]; they violently clashed with guards before being dispersed by police after three hours.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 November 2016|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-brazil-protests-idUKKBN13B2UI | title=Brazil anti-government protesters occupy Congress, call for coup |work=Reuters}}</ref>
|-
|[[2017 Westminster attack]]
|22 March 2017
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|[[Terrorism in the United Kingdom|Terrorist attack]] took place outside the [[Palace of Westminster]] in London, seat of the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|British Parliament]]. The attacker [[Vehicle-ramming attack|drove a car into pedestrians]] on the pavement along the south side of [[Westminster Bridge]] and Bridge Street, injuring more than 50 people, four of them fatally. He then crashed the car into the perimeter fence of the palace grounds and ran into [[New Palace Yard]], where he fatally stabbed an [[Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom|unarmed police officer]]. He was then shot by an [[Authorised Firearms Officer|armed police officer]], and died at the scene.
|-
|[[2017 Paraguayan crisis]]
|31 March 2017
|{{Flag|Paraguay}}
|As a response to a [[Constitution of Paraguay|constitutional]] amendment that would permit [[President of Paraguay|President]] [[Horacio Cartes]] to run for re-election,<ref>{{cite news|last=Romero|first=Simon|date=31 March 2017|title=Protests Erupt in Paraguay Over Efforts to Extend President's Term|page=A9|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/31/world/americas/paraguay-protests-horacio-cartes.html|access-date=1 April 2017}}</ref> protests broke out in [[Asunción]] against the legislation. During the protests, the windows were broken and [[Congress of Paraguay|Congress]] was set on fire by protesters. Fencing surrounding the compound was also removed. Police used water cannons, tear gas and rubber bullets to disperse the demonstrators.<ref name="bbcnewsparaguaycongresssetonfire">{{cite news|date=1 April 2017|title=Paraguay congress set on fire amid presidential controversy|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-39465064|accessdate=1 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|[[2017 storming of Macedonian Parliament]]
|27 April 2017
|{{Flag|Macedonia}}
|About 200 [[Macedonian nationalism|Macedonian nationalists]] (some of whom were members and sympathizers of [[VMRO-DPMNE]]) stormed the [[Macedonian Parliament]] in [[Skopje]] in reaction to the election of [[Talat Xhaferi]], an ethnic [[Albanians|Albanian]], as Speaker.<ref name="guardian">{{cite web|title=Macedonia: protesters storm parliament and attack MPs|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/27/macedonia-protesters-storm-parliament-and-attack-mps|access-date=27 April 2017|website=[[The Guardian]]|date=27 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|[[2017 Tehran attacks]]
|7 June 2017
|{{Flag|Iran}}
|Two simultaneous terrorist attacks carried out by five members of the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL) against the [[Islamic Consultative Assembly|Iranian Parliament]] building and the [[Mausoleum of Ruhollah Khomeini]], both in [[Tehran]], leaving 17 civilians dead and 43 wounded.<ref name="AP">{{cite news|date=7 June 2017|title=Islamic State claims attacks on Iran parliament, shrine|work=Associated Press|url=https://apnews.com/510f0af4615443c08ff7f52c2657bb76/Islamic-State-claims-attacks-on-Iran-parliament,-shrine|access-date=8 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="NYTBBC">{{cite news|last=Erdbrink|first=Thomas|title=Islamic State Claims Deadly Iran Attacks on Parliament and Khomeini Tomb|work=The New York Times|date=7 June 2017 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/07/world/middleeast/iran-parliament-attack-khomeini-mausoleum.html|access-date=8 June 2017}}{{cite news|date=7 June 2017|title=Iran shootings: Parliament and shrine attacked|work=BBC|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-middle-east-40184696}}</ref><ref name="Guardian">{{cite news|title=Shootings reported at Iranian parliament and Khomeini shrine|work=The Guardian|agency=France-Presse Agence|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jun/07/shootings-iranian-parliament-khomeini-shrine|access-date=8 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
|[[2017 Venezuelan National Assembly attack]]
|5 July 2017
|{{Flag|Venezuela}}
|[[Colectivo (Venezuela)|Colectivos]] and supporters of [[President of Venezuela|President]] [[Nicolás Maduro]] stormed the [[Palacio Federal Legislativo]] in [[Caracas]] on the [[Independence Day (Venezuela)|Independence Day of Venezuela]], assaulting many members of the opposition-led [[National Assembly (Venezuela)|National Assembly]].<ref name="ENcol">{{cite news|date=5 July 2017|title=Colectivos irrumpieron y atacaron a diputados en la Asamblea Nacional|language=es|work=[[El Nacional (Caracas)|El Nacional]]|url=http://www.el-nacional.com/noticias/politica/colectivos-irrumpieron-atacaron-diputados-asamblea-nacional_191398|access-date=7 July 2017}}</ref> At least 12 opposition legislators and their staff were injured as a result of the attack.<ref>{{cite news|date=5 July 2017|title=Colectivos chavistas atacan Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela; al menos 12 heridos|language=es|work=[[El Nuevo Herald]]|url=http://www.elnuevoherald.com/noticias/mundo/america-latina/venezuela-es/article159692669.html|access-date=8 July 2017}}</ref>
|-
|[[APEC Papua New Guinea 2018]]
|20 November 2018
|{{Flag|Papua New Guinea}}
|Police and soldiers protesting unpaid allowances from the [[APEC]] summit held a few days prior stormed the [[National Parliament House, Port Moresby|National Parliament House]] in [[Port Moresby]], damaging property and assaulting parliamentary staff before they were dispersing following promises by government ministers to release their payments.<ref>{{cite news |date=20 November 2018 |title=Papua New Guinea security forces attack parliament in row over Apec pay |language=en |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/20/papua-new-guinea-parliament-in-lockdown-after-soldiers-attack-building |access-date=12 January 2024}}</ref>
|-
|[[Storming of the Legislative Council Complex]]
|1 July 2019
|{{Flag|Hong Kong}}
|Siege, break-in, and subsequent occupation of the [[Legislative Council Complex]] by anti-government activists during the campaign to halt the enactment of the [[2019 Hong Kong extradition bill|Fugitive Offenders amendment bill]]. Hundreds of protesters broke through the glass walls and metal doors and entered the building, ransacked and vandalised the interior with anti-government and anti-PRC slogans. It is considered a watershed event in the [[2019–20 Hong Kong protests]].<ref name="scmp3030889">{{Cite web|date=30 September 2019|title='Three arrested' ahead of National Day over storming of Hong Kong's legislature|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3030889/hong-kong-protests-three-arrested-over-july-1-storming|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009222748/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3030889/hong-kong-protests-three-arrested-over-july-1-storming|archive-date=9 October 2019|access-date=9 October 2019|website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> Nine days later, on 9 July, the [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong|Chief Executive]], [[Carrie Lam]], announced that the extradition bill was "dead".<ref name="20190711theguardian">{{Cite web|last1=Chan|first1=Jacky Man-hei|last2=Pang|first2=Jun|date=10 July 2019|title=The untold story of Hong Kong's protests is how one simple slogan connects us|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/jul/11/the-untold-story-of-hong-kongs-protests-is-how-one-simple-slogan-connects-us|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021122902/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/jul/11/the-untold-story-of-hong-kongs-protests-is-how-one-simple-slogan-connects-us|archive-date=21 October 2019|access-date=8 October 2019|work=The Guardian}}</ref>
|-
|[[2019 Papua protests]]
|19 August 2019
|{{Flag|Indonesia}}
|Demonstrators protesting against the arrest of [[Papuan independence movement|separatist]] student activists set fire to the [[West Papua (province)|West Papua]] provincial parliament in [[Manokwari]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 August 2019 |title=Thousands riot in Papua, parliament building torched |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1542256/amp |access-date=9 October 2019|website=Arab News}}</ref> 
|-
|[[2019 South Korean Capitol attack]]
|16 December 2019
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|Supporters of the [[Liberty Korea Party]] and impeached former president [[Park Geun-hye]] assaulted police and lawmakers at the [[Korea National Assembly Proceeding Hall]] in [[Seoul]].
|-
|2020 Azerbaijan protests
|14 July 2020
|{{Flag|Azerbaijan}}
|Protesters demonstrating against the death of military personnel during [[July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes|clashes with Armenia]] broke into the [[National Assembly (Azerbaijan)|National Assembly]] building in [[Baku]] and caused minor damage.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2020 |title=Pro-war Azerbaijani protesters break into parliament |url=https://eurasianet.org/pro-war-azerbaijani-protesters-break-into-parliament |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=Eurasianet}}</ref> 
|-
|{{Ill|Storming of the Reichstag|de|Sturm auf den Reichstag}}
|29 August 2020
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|Part of the [[COVID-19 protests in Germany]]: During a demonstration involving [[Conspiracy theory|conspiracy ideologists]], [[Reichsbürger movement|Reich citizens]] and [[Far-right politics|right-wing extremists]], around 400 people attempted to storm the [[Reichstag building]] in [[Berlin]]. Barriers were broken down, but the attempt failed due to efforts by the [[Berlin Police|security forces]] present.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 August 2020 |title=Far-Right Germans Try to Storm Reichstag as Virus Protests Escalate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/world/europe/reichstag-germany-neonazi-coronavirus.html |access-date=17 November 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2020 |title=Anti-corona’ extremists try to storm German parliament |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/29/berlin-braces-for-anti-coronavirus-protest-against-covid-19-restrictions |access-date=17 November 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[2020 Kyrgyz Revolution]]
|6 October 2020
|{{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
|Protesters demonstrating against electoral fraud during [[2020 Kyrgyz parliamentary election|parliamentary elections held on 4 October]] and demanding the resignation of President [[Sooronbay Jeenbekov]] stormed the Jogorku Kenesh building in Bishkek, scattering papers and setting parts of the building on fire.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 October 2020 |title=Kyrgyzstan protesters storm parliamentary building over election result |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/05/kyrgyzstan-election-120-taken-to-hospital-following-result-protest |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> 
|-
|2020 storming of the Armenian Parliament
|10 November 2020
|{{Flag|Armenia}}
|Protesters demonstrating against Armenia's defeat in the [[Second Nagorno-Karabakh War]] and demanding the resignation of Prime Minister [[Nikol Pashinyan]] stormed the National Assembly, making speeches in the main hall and destroying equipment in some offices before being escorted out by police.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 November 2020 |title=Protesters Storm Armenian Parliament In Anger Over Nagorno-Karabakh Deal |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/protesters-storm-armenian-parliament/30940248.html |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> 
|-
|[[2020 Guatemalan protests]]
|21 November 2020
|{{Flag|Guatemala}}
|Hundreds of anti-government protesters vandalized and set fire to parts of the empty [[Congress of the Republic of Guatemala|Congress]] [[Palace of the Legislative Body (Guatemala)|building]], before being dispersed by riot police after about ten minutes. The attack came amid protests against a budget bill presented by President [[Alejandro Giammattei]] that was approved by the legislature.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2020 |title=Guatemala: Congress on fire after protesters storm building |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-55031455 |access-date=31 January 2023 |work=BBC}}</ref> 
|-
|[[Oregon State Capitol breach]]
|21 December 2020
|{{USA}}
|A group of armed protesters breached the [[Oregon State Capitol]] in opposition to health restrictions related to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Oregon]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Republican who let violent protesters into Oregon state capitol is charged |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/may/01/oregon-state-capitol-republican-charged |access-date=August 12, 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 1, 2021 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |archive-date=August 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813004415/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/may/01/oregon-state-capitol-republican-charged |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021 United States Capitol attack]]
|6 January 2021
|{{Flag|United States}}
|Violent [[riot]] and [[insurrection]] against the [[117th United States Congress|United States Congress]], carried out by a mob of supporters of [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[Donald Trump]] in an [[Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election|attempt to overturn his defeat]] in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]]. After Trump spoke to a crowd, his supporters marched down [[Pennsylvania Avenue]] to the [[United States Capitol|Capitol]], where a [[Joint session of the United States Congress|joint session of Congress]] was beginning the [[2021 United States Electoral College vote count|Electoral College vote count]]. Many of the crowd breached police perimeters, attacked [[U.S. Capitol Police]] officers, and stormed the building in an attempt to prevent the counting of the electoral votes, which formalized [[President-elect of the United States|President-elect]] [[Joe Biden]]'s election victory. [[Ashli Babbitt]], one of the rioters, was shot and killed by a Capitol police officer while attempting to breach the House chamber. Capitol Police officer [[Brian Sicknick]] died the following day after suffering multiple strokes.<ref>{{Cite report|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-J6-REPORT/pdf/GPO-J6-REPORT.pdf|title=Final Report|publisher=[[Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol]], 117th Congress|date=December 22, 2022|location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref> Among the participants in the [[domestic terrorism|domestic terrorist]] attack were members and supporters of right-wing extremist groups, including the [[Proud Boys]], [[Oath Keepers]], and [[Three Percenters]].<ref name=BiggestCriminal>[https://www.npr.org/2021/02/09/965472049/the-capitol-siege-the-arrested-and-their-stories The Capitol siege: The cases behind the biggest criminal investigation in U.S. history], NPR, ''All Things Considered'' (updated July 7, 2023).</ref> Hundreds of participants were convicted of [[federal crime]]s for their roles in the January 6 insurrection,<ref name=Insider>Madison Hall, Skye Gould, Rebecca Harrington, Jacob Shamsian, Azmi Haroun, Taylor Ardrey, and Erin Snodgrass, [https://www.insider.com/all-the-us-capitol-pro-trump-riot-arrests-charges-names-2021-1 At least 1,003 people have been charged in the Capitol insurrection so far. This searchable table shows them all.], ''Insider'' (last updated February 16, 2023).</ref> including [[Violent crime|crimes of violence]] against police and with [[criminal conspiracy]].<ref name=BiggestCriminal/> Several leaders, including [[Elmer Stewart Rhodes]] and [[Enrique Tarrio]], were convicted of [[seditious conspiracy]].<ref name=BiggestCriminal/><ref name=Frazier>Kierra Frazier, [https://www.politico.com/news/2023/05/30/january-6-arrest-sentencing-00099158  Jan. 6 sentences are piling up. Here’s a look at some of the longest handed down.], ''Politico'' (May 30, 2023).</ref> 
|-
|[[April 2021 United States Capitol car attack]]
|2 April 2021
|{{Flag|United States}}
|A delusional man rammed a car into a barricade outside of the United States Capitol.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/capitol-siege-politics-451c5c5154045d404d0db76270f78aac|work=Associated Press|first1=Michael|last1=Balsamo|first2=Erick|last2=Tucker|first3=Nomaan|last3=Merchant|title=AP source: Suspect in Capitol attack suffered delusions|date=3 April 2021|access-date=3 April 2021}}</ref> The perpetrator and a police officer were killed, and another officer was injured.<ref>{{cite news |title=Man rams car into 2 Capitol police; 1 officer, driver killed |url=https://apnews.com/article/car-rams-capitol-barricade-add0fea76244f1755344aa856ee64ecd |work=Associated Press |date=2 April 2021 |access-date=2 April 2021 |last1=Balsamo |first1=Michael |last2=Merchant |first2=Nomaan |last3=Long |first3=Colleen |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210404010724/https://apnews.com/article/car-rams-capitol-barricade-add0fea76244f1755344aa856ee64ecd |archive-date=4 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Parliament of South Africa fire]]
|6 January 2022
|{{Flag|South Africa}}
|At 5:00 am, a 49 year-old man started a fire on the third floor of the [[National Council of Provinces]] building which spread to several other parts of the [[Houses of Parliament, Cape Town|parliamentary complex]], causing significant damage before being extinguished. The suspect later claimed he wanted to prevent President [[Cyril Ramaphosa]] from delivering his annual [[State of the Nation Address (South Africa)|State of the Nation address]], and to demand his resignation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zandile Mafe wanted to burn Parliament to prevent SONA, demand president's resignation, court hears |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/zandile-mafe-wanted-to-burn-parliament-to-prevent-sona-demand-presidents-resignation-court-hears-20220129 |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Wellington protests]]
|6 February – 2 March 2022
|{{Flag|New Zealand}}
|Anti vaccine and anti mandate protesters combined with [[far right]] extremists occupied the grounds of the [[New Zealand Parliament]] for 24 days.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/health/coronavirus/127741171/inside-the-disorienting-contradictory-swirl-of-the-convoy-as-seen-through-its-media-mouthpiece|title=Inside the disorienting, contradictory swirl of the convoy, as seen through its media mouthpiece|work=Stuff|first1=Charlie |last1=Mitchell|date=12 February 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> Tents were set up, Parliament grounds were dug up in what culminated on 2 March into a confrontation between police and protesters that turned violent. Tents and the parliamentary playground was set alight. 40 police officers were injured when paving bricks among other objects were used against police who were conducting a tactical operation to end the occupation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/128155701/nationals-luxon-unwittingly-meets-antivaccine-mandate-protester|title=National's Luxon unwittingly meets anti-vaccine mandate protester|work=Stuff|date=24 March 2022|access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/new-zealand-police-dismantle-tents-tow-vehicles-clear-anti-vaccine-protests-2022-03-01/|title=New Zealand's parliament protest ends with clashes, arrests|work=[[Reuters]]|first1=Lucy |last1=Craymer |first2=Praveen |last2=Menon |date=2 March 2022|access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Iraq parliament attack]]
|27 July 2022
|{{Flag|Iraq}}
|Supporters of Iraqi cleric [[Muqtada al-Sadr]] stormed the [[Council of Representatives of Iraq]] in protest of the proposal to appoint [[Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani]] as [[prime minister of Iraq]]. The protestors left the parliament after al-Sadr called upon the protestors to "pray and go home".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/7/27/iraqi-protesters-storm-parliament-muqtada-al-sadr-green-zone|title=Iraqi protesters storm the parliament in Baghdad's Green Zone|work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]|date=27 July 2022|access-date=27 July 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023 Brazilian Congress attack]]
|8 January 2023
|{{Flag|Brazil}}
|Supporters of former president [[Jair Bolsonaro]] stormed the [[National Congress of Brazil|National Congress]], along with other top-level government buildings on the [[Praça dos Três Poderes]], demanding the resignation or removal of recently-inaugurated president [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wright |first=George |date=8 January 2023 |title=Bolsonaro supporters storm Brazilian Congress |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-64204860 |access-date=8 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
|Storming of the Nuevo Leon State Congress
|29 November 2023
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|Protesters demonstrating against the appointment of a replacement for outgoing [[Nuevo Leon]] state governor [[Samuel García (politician)|Samuel García]] entered the [[Congress of Nuevo León|state congress]] in [[Monterrey]] and set off a smoke bomb inside the chamber.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 December 2023 |title=Protesters shove their way into congress of Mexican border state of Nuevo Leon, toss smoke bomb |language=en |work=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/mexico-nuevo-leon-congress-fight-9ec5df91e31bcd7cd2e5fc158408b21a |access-date=1 December 2023}}</ref>
|-
|Lok Sabha protest
|13 December 2023
|{{Flag|India}}
|Two antigovernment protestors jumped from the visitors’ gallery of the [[Lok Sabha]] into the MPs’ seating area carrying small canisters that emitted yellow smoke before being apprehended along with two accomplices by MPs, parliamentary security guards and [[Delhi police]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2023 |title=Indian police arrest 4 intruders for breaching security in the Parliament complex |language=en |work=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-parliament-arrest-security-breach-0ad1ae7825aaa1c932338f791d291fb9 |access-date=14 December 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 storming of the Kenyan Parliament]]
|25 June 2024
|{{Flag|Kenya}}
|The [[Parliament Buildings (Kenya)|Parliament Building]] in [[Nairobi]] was set on fire after protesters [[Kenya Finance Bill protests|demonstrating against a finance bill]] entered the complex.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 25, 2024 |title=Kenya's parliament compound Stormed, building set ablaze, Reuters witness says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/kenyas-parliament-compound-stormed-building-set-ablaze-reuters-witness-says-2024-06-25/ |website=Reuters}}</ref>
|-
|[[Non-cooperation movement (2024)]]
|5 August 2024
|{{Flag|Bangladesh}}
|The [[Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban]] housing the [[Parliament of Bangladesh]] in [[Dhaka]] was stormed by protesters demanding the resignation of Prime Minister [[Sheikh Hasina]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailynews.lk/2024/08/05/world/602238/bangladeshi-protesters-storm-jatiya-sangsad-loot-ganabhaban-violence-erupts-on-dhaka-streets/ |title=Bangladeshi protesters storm Parliament, violence erupts on Dhaka streets |website=Daily News |date=5 August 2024|accessdate=6 August 2024}}</ref> 
|-
|[[2024 Mexican judicial reform protests]]
|10 September 2024
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|Protesters demonstrating against proposed judicial reforms that would require all judges to be directly elected stormed the [[Senate of the Republic (Mexico)|Federal Senate]] in [[Mexico City]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 2024 |title=Protesters storm Mexico’s Senate after ruling party wins votes for court overhaul |url=https://apnews.com/article/senate-judicial-overhaul-mexico-lopez-obrador-morena-democracy-pan-51fc7937a7b9a8be3217ef0ae9262602 |access-date=11 September 2024 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> 
|-
|[[2024 Abkhazian protests]]
|15 November 2024
|{{Flag|Abkhazia}}
|Protesters demonstrating against an agreement allowing greater investment by Russians stormed the [[People's Assembly of Abkhazia|People's Assembly]] building in [[Sukhumi]] and occupied the chamber, while a vehicle rammed the complex's gates. At least two people were injured.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 November 2024 |title=Protesters Storm Parliament in Abkhazia Amid Dispute Over Russian Investment Treaty |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/11/15/protesters-storm-parliament-in-abkhazia-amid-dispute-over-russian-investment-treaty-a87022 |access-date=15 November 2024 |website=The Moscow Times |language=en}}</ref> On 19 November, Abkhazian president [[Aslan Bzhania]] resigned as part of an agreement for protesters to leave the building.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2024 |title=Abkhazian Leader Resigns Amid Protests Over Russian Investment Plan |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/11/19/abkhazian-leader-resigns-amid-protests-over-russian-investment-plan-a87060 |access-date=19 November 2024 |website=The Moscow Times |language=en}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
* [[Legislative violence]]
* [[List of attacks on high courts]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Attacks on legislatures}}
[[Category:Lists of events]]
[[Category:Attacks on legislatures|*]]