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{{Korean writing}}

The '''Cyrillization of Korean''' is the [[transcribing]] and [[transliteration|transliterating]] the [[Korean language]] into the [[Cyrillic alphabet]]. The main cyrillization system in use is the Kontsevich system ({{Lang-rus|Систе́ма Конце́вича|Sistema Kontsevicha|sʲɪˈsʲtʲemə kɐnˈt͡sɛvʲɪt͡ɕə|links=yes}}). The Kontsevich system was created by the [[Soviet]]-[[Russia]]n scholar [[Lev Kontsevich]] ({{Lang-rus|Лев Конце́вич||kɐnˈtsɛvʲɪtɕ}}) in the 1950s based on the earlier transliteration system designed by {{ill|Aleksandr Kholodovich|ru|Холодович, Александр Алексеевич}} ({{Lang-rus|Алекса́ндр Холодо́вич||ɐlʲɪkˈsandr xəlɐˈdovʲɪtɕ}}).

== Features ==
Cyrillization systems for Korean were developed domestically in both [[North Korea]] (where it has been proposed to replace the current script in the past) and [[South Korea]]; Kontsevich carried out work on the systemization of these rules. In contrast with some systems of [[Romanization of Korean]], the transcription is based primarily on the pronunciation of a word, rather than on its spelling.

== Consonants ==

===Initial===
{|class=wikitable width=800 style="text-align:center"
!width=150|[[Hangul]]
|{{lang|ko|ㄱ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄴ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄷ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄹ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅁ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅂ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅅ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅈ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅊ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅋ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅌ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅍ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅎ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄲ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄸ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅃ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅆ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅉ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅇ}}
|-
![[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]
|{{lang|ko-cyrl|к}}||н||т||р||м||п||с||ч||чх||кх||тх||пх||х||кк||тт||пп||сс||чч||–
|-
![[McCune–Reischauer]]
|{{transliteration|ko|''k''}}||''n''||''t''||''r''||''m''||''p''||''s''||''ch''||''ch'''||''k'''||''t'''||''p'''||''h''||''kk''||''tt''||''pp''||''ss''||''tch''||–
|-
![[Revised Romanization of Korean|Revised Romanization]]
|{{transliteration|ko|''g''}}||''n''||''d''||''r''||''m''||''b''||''s''||''j''||''ch''||''k''||''t''||''p''||''h''||''kk''||''tt''||''pp''||''ss''||''jj''||–
|}

===Final===
{|class=wikitable width=800 style="text-align:center"
!width=150|[[Hangul]]
|{{lang|ko|ㄱ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄴ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄷ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄹ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅁ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅂ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅅ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅈ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅊ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅋ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅌ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅍ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅎ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄲ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄸ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅃ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅆ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅉ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅇ}}
|-
![[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]
|{{lang|ko-cyrl|к}}||н||т||ль||м||п||т||т||т||к||т||п||т||к||–||–||т||–||нъ
|-
![[McCune–Reischauer]]
|{{transliteration|ko|''k''}}||''n''||''t''||''l''||''m''||''p''||''t''||''t''||''t''||''k''||''t''||''p''||''t''||''k''||–||–||''t''||–||''ng''
|-
![[Revised Romanization of Korean|Revised Romanization]]
|{{transliteration|ko|''k''}}||''n''||''t''||''l''||''m''||''p''||''t''||''t''||''t''||''k''||''t''||''p''||''t''||''k''||–||–||''t''||–||''ng''
|}

===Medial consonant rules===
Some letters are transcribed differently in the middle of a word when following certain other letters.
{|class=wikitable width=800 style="text-align:center"
!colspan=2 rowspan=2 {{diagonal split header 2|Previous<br />ending|Next initial}}||{{lang|ko|ㄱ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄴ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄷ}}||{{lang|ko|ㄹ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅁ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅂ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅅ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅈ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅊ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅋ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅌ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅍ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅎ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅇ}}
|-
!к||н||т||р||м||п||с||ч||чх||кх||тх||пх||х||–
|-
!{{lang|ko|ㄱ}}||к
|кк||bgcolor=yellow|нн||кт||bgcolor=yellow|нн||bgcolor=yellow|нм||кп||кс||кч||кчх||ккх||ктх||кпх||кх||bgcolor=yellow|г
|-
!{{lang|ko|ㄴ}}||н
|bgcolor=yellow|нг||нн||bgcolor=yellow|нд||bgcolor=yellow|лл||нм||bgcolor=yellow|нб||нс||bgcolor=yellow|ндж||нчх||нкх||нтх||нпх||нх||н
|-
!{{lang|ko|ㄹ}}||ль
|bgcolor=yellow|льг||bgcolor=yellow|лл||bgcolor=yellow|льтт||bgcolor=yellow|лл||льм||bgcolor=yellow|льб||bgcolor=yellow|льсс||bgcolor=yellow|льчч||льчх||лькх||льтх||льпх||bgcolor=yellow|рх||bgcolor=yellow|р
|-
!{{lang|ko|ㅁ}}||м
|bgcolor=yellow|мг||мн||bgcolor=yellow|мд||bgcolor=yellow|мн||мм||bgcolor=yellow|мб||мс||bgcolor=yellow|мдж||мчх||мкх||мтх||мпх||мх||м
|-
!{{lang|ko|ㅂ}}||п
|пк||bgcolor=yellow|мн||пт||bgcolor=yellow|мн||bgcolor=yellow|мм||пп||пс||пч||пчх||пкх||птх||ппх||пх||bgcolor=yellow|б
|-
!{{lang|ko|ㅇ}}||нъ
|bgcolor=yellow|нг||нн||bgcolor=yellow|нд||bgcolor=yellow|нн||нм||bgcolor=yellow|нб||нс||bgcolor=yellow|ндж||нчх||нкх||нтх||нпх||нх||нъ
|}

== Vowels ==
{|class=wikitable width=900 style="text-align:center"
!width=150|[[Hangul]]
|{{lang|ko|ㅏ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅑ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅓ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅕ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅗ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅛ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅜ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅠ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅡ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅣ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅐ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅒ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅔ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅖ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅚ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅟ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅢ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅘ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅝ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅙ}}||{{lang|ko|ㅞ}}
|-
![[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]
|{{lang|ko-cyrl|а}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|я}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|о}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|ё}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|о}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|ё}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|у}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|ю}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|ы}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|и}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|э}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|йя}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|е}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|йе/<br>-е}}||ве||ви||{{lang|ko-cyrl|ый/<br>-и}}||ва||во||{{lang|ko-cyrl|вэ}}||{{lang|ko-cyrl|ве}}
|-
![[McCune–Reischauer]]
|{{transliteration|ko|''a''}}||''ya''||''ŏ''||''yŏ''||''o''||''yo''||''u''||''yu''||''ŭ''||''i''||''ae''||''yae''||''e''/<br>''-ë''||''ye''||''oe''||''wi''||''ŭi''||''wa''||''wŏ''||''wae''||''we''
|-
![[Revised Romanization of Korean|Revised Romanization]]
|{{transliteration|ko|''a''}}||''ya''||''eo''||''yeo''||''o''||''yo''||''u''||''yu''||''eu''||''i''||''ae''||''yae''||''e''||''ye''||''oe''||''wi''||''ui''||''wa''||''wo''||''wae''||''we''
|}

== Examples ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! [[English language|English]]
! [[Hangul]] ([[Hanja]])
! [[Revised romanization of Korean|RR]]<br/><small>(RR transliteration in parentheses)</small>
! Kontsevich <br/><small>([[Transliteration of Russian|Latin transliteration]] in parentheses)</small>
|-
| wall
| {{lang|ko|벽 (壁)}}
| ''byeok<br/>(byeog)''
| пёк<br/>''(pyok)''
|-
| on the wall
| {{lang|ko|벽에}}
| ''byeoge<br/>(byeog-e)''
| пёге<br/>''(pyoge)''
|-
| outside<br/><small>(uninflected)</small>
| {{lang|ko|밖}}
| ''bak<br/>(bakk)''
| пак<br/>''(pak)''
|-
| outside
| {{lang|ko|밖에}}
| ''bakke<br/>(bakk-e)''
| пакке<br/>''(pakke)''
|-
| kitchen
| {{lang|ko|부엌}}
| ''bueok<br/>(bueok)''
| пуок<br/> ''(puok)''
|-
| to the kitchen
| {{lang|ko|부엌에}}
| ''bueoke<br/>(bueok-e)''
| пуокхе<br/>''(puokhe)''
|-
| Wikipedia
| {{lang|ko|위키백과}}
| ''wikibaekgwa<br/>(wikibaeggwa)''
| викхибэкква<br/>''(vikhibèkkva)''
|-
| [[Hangul]]
| {{lang|ko|한글}}
| ''hangeul'' <small>or</small> ''han-geul<br/>(han-geul)''
| хангыль<br/>''(hangyl')''
|-
| [[Hanja]]
| {{lang|ko|한자 (漢字)}}
| ''hanja<br/>(han-ja)''
| ханчча<br/>''(hanchcha)''
|-
| [[grapheme|character, letter]]
| {{lang|ko|글자 (㐎字)}}
| ''geulja<br/>(geul-ja)''
| кыльчча<br/> ''(kyl'chcha)''
|-
| easy
| {{lang|ko|쉬운}}
| ''swiun<br/>(swiun)''
| свиун<br/>''(sviun)''
|-
| Four seasons are distinct.
| {{lang|ko|사계절(四季節)이 뚜렷하다.}}
| ''Sagyejeori tturyeotada.<br/>(Sa-gye-jeol-i ttu-lyeos-ha-da.)''
| Сагеджори ттурётхада.<br/>''(Sagedzhori tturyothada)''
|-
| Just [[Check box|check]] the line color and width you want.
| {{lang|ko|원(願)하시는 선(線) 색(色)깔과 굵기에 체크하시면 됩니다.}}
| ''Wonhasineun seon saekkkalgwa gulgie chekeuhasimyeon doemnida.<br/>(Won-ha-si-neun seon saeg-kkal-gwa gulg-gi-e che-keu-ha-si-myeon doeb-ni-da.)''
| Вонхасинын сон сэкккальгва кульккие чхекхыхасимён твемнида.<br/>''(Vonhasinyn son sèkkal'gva kul'kkie chhekhyhasimyon tvemnida.)''
|-
| [[North Korea|Democratic People's Republic of Korea]]
| {{lang|ko|조선민주주의인민공화국<br>(朝鮮民主主義人民共和國)}}
| ''Joseon Minjujuui Inmin Gonghwaguk<br/>(Jo-seon Min-ju-ju-ui In-min Gong-hwa-gug)''<br/>
| Чосон Минджуджуый Инмин Конхвагук<br>''(Choson Mindzhudzhuyy Inmin Konhvaguk)''
|-
|}

==See also==
* [[Romaja]]
* [[New Korean Orthography]]
* [[Hangul]]

== Notes ==
[[Korean name|Korean personal name]]s are written by [[family name]] first, followed by a space and then the [[given name]]. As a rule, syllables in given names are not separated.

== External links ==
* {{in lang|ru}} [http://choson2005.narod.ru/st.htm Degrees of Courtesy and Communication Styles in the Korean Language], by K. B. Kurotchenko.
* {{in lang|ru}} [http://orientalstudies.ru/rus/?option=com_personalities&Itemid=74&person=146 Entry for Lev Kontsevich on the Institute of Oriental Studies].
* {{in lang|ru}} [http://world.lib.ru/k/kim_o_i/b1.shtml Russian and Latin Transcription of Korean Words], by Lev Kontsevich.

{{Cyrillization}}

[[Category:Korean language]]
[[Category:Cyrillization|Korean]]
[[Category:Korea–Soviet Union relations]]
[[Category:Koryo-saram culture]]
[[Category:Sakhalin Korean culture]]